A Review of Patch Antenna Design for 5G
Abirami M
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
Karpagam College of Engineering
Coimbatore, India
abiramimanoharansona@gmail.com
Abstract— Due to rapid increase of mobile user’s, demands
occur for mobile communication. Mobile users need more
features on their mobile phones such as high date rate, efficient
communication, reduced traffic, comfort to use various
applications etc. Service providers are in need to satisfy the needs
of mobile users which can be done with help of 5G technology.
5G technology provides very high bandwidth, reduced latency
better Quality of Service, optimum capacity, wide band of
spectrum availability. 5G is operated at mm wave band in that
we can provide high frequency range with large amount of
bandwidth. This paper is based on the study of suitable antenna
design for 5G technology for the use of mobile communication.
Measurements of various parameters of an antenna design is also
studied which is to check whether the microstrip patch antenna
design is suitable for 5G mobile communication.
Keywords—5G technology, Mobile communication, Microstrip
patch antenna, Millimeter wave spectrum
I. INTRODUCTION
Due to shortage of global bandwidth wireless service
providers are in need to provide better performances for all of
their customers and also they have to introduce new features
for the requirements of mobile users. Since wireless
communication is developed upto 4G, in future to handle the
traffic rate, scarcity of bandwidth and quality of service 5G is
introduced. Design a suitable antenna for 5G technology is
very important while developing 5G mobile phones. Various
parameters of an antenna have to be measured to check the
suitability for 5G technology. Antenna is designed to operate
at mm wave spectrum.
CMOS technology is used with this mm wave antenna
design. Some other techniques like MIMO and Adaptive
beamforming are also used to improve the performances of
mobile phones form 4G to 5G [11].
In this paper, introduction of 5G and evaluation of 5G are
discussed in secion 1. In section 2 various 5G related
microstrip patch antenna design papers are discussed. In
section 3 review papers are comparitively analyzed. Section 4
is ended with conclusion.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Circularly polarized antenna for 5G
Circularly polarized patch antenna is designed for 5G
technology. Miniaturization of patch antenna and beamwidth
enhancement is mainly focus on this paper. 5G mobile phones
used for the application of satellite communication, cellular
networks and also used for safety communications. 5G
provides accurate global positioning, wide range of
bandwidth, good coverage and high quality of service. To
design a suitable antenna for 5G networks certain parameters
are to be considered such as operating frequency, antenna size,
polarization, manufacturing cost, , bandwidth. Mobile
communications requires that the radiation pattern of new
antenna design should able to cover complete azimuth angles
and maximum of elevation angles. Directional antennas are
preferred which have good beam tracking ability for satellite
communication. Circular shaped folded type antenna with 4
and 8 slots are introduced to reduce the size of an antenna. To
enhance the beamwidth of the patch antenna two techniques
are followed. One is dielectric substrate is surrounded by
patch antenna and another method is metallic block is added at
back side of the antenna. [6]
B. Directional Antenna with mm wave spectrum
Due to rapid use of mobile users, challenges occur for
service provider to increase the band of spectrum to avoid
shortage of bandwidth and also to provide efficient
communication. In this paper directional antenna is used with
the frequency of 2.8 GHz. For the need of less weight, small
size, simple design microstrip patch antenna is used. 5G
mobile phones offer effective communication, low latency,
and massive connectivity. [1]
C. Wideband antenna for 5G
Wideband antenna of rectangular shaped antenna with
microstrip line feed is used for the 5G technology. Operating
frequency of this antenna is at 6GHz. It results gain as 3.7dB
with directivity of 6.62 dB and 500MHz bandwidth. Antenna
parameters are measured to satisfy the needs of 5G technology
and also some parameters like atmospheric absorption of
waves due to rain fall or wind which may cause losses of
information. Far field radiation pattern is used for this antenna
design. [8]
D. Steerable directional antenna for 5G
In this paper steerable directional antennas are used in mm
wave mobile communication. Antenna is operated with the
frequency of 28 and 38GHz. Antenna design includes two
rectangular patch antennas with single element of RT/ Duroid
5880 substrate. Various parameters are measured to check microstrip loss. Coaxial feed is used with this design, inner
whether the antenna could able to operate with 5G technology connecter contacts with patch antenna and outer connecter
to satisfy the needs of mobile users and also service provider. contacts with dielectric constant. Resonance frequency of this
Some effective approaches are followed in this design such as, antenna is at 59.5GHz which produce return loss as -44.99dB.
designing an antenna which should operate with multiple [7]
resonances, Optimization of impedance matching; increase the
thickness of substrate and reducing effective permittivity of III. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT ANTENNA DESIGN
the substrate. Radiation losses can be reduced by designing FOR 5G
thin and high dielectric constant of the substrate. It provides Different types of antennas are designed for 5G mobile
gain 9.0dB and efficiency as 83%. [3] phones are analyzed based on type of antenna, techniques and
materials used for antenna design and their advantages are
E. CPW feed design for 5G cellular tabulated in table1.
In this paper antenna is designed with CPW feed which
can be suitable for future 5G technology. Operating TABLE I. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT ANTENNA DESIGN
FOR 5G
frequencies of an antenna are 3.73GHz, 5.56GHz and 8.4GHz
which is suitable for WLAN, WSN, Wi-Fi/Wi-Max and Type of antenna
Features/
HyperLAN. Microstrip patch antenna is preferred because of Paper used or materials Technology used
advantages
used
its cost, size, weight, flexibility etc. Fractal technology is used Rectangular
with these designs which provide good impedance matching Simultaneous use
shaped microstrip
of mobile phones,
and it could operate with multiband of frequencies [7] patch antenna, CMOS technology
Avoid shortage of
simultaneously [9]. FR4 substrate and
bandwidth
Coaxial feed
F. Array antenna for 5G mobile phones Wideband slotted
microstrip patch
In this paper antenna array is modified with sub array antenna, Roger
which is placed along the mobile phone to cover wide area. [4] RT/ Duroid 5880 MIMO technology To improve gain
This technique will avoid traffic rate. Linear phased array substrate and
antenna with omni directional radiation pattern is used with microstrip line
feed
this design. Antenna is operated with 18-28 GHz frequency. Steerable sub
To cover wide space in 5G mobile phones beam steering is array patch Coverage of
[2] MIMO
proposed. Three identical sub arrays are used which is placed antenna with space is improved
by the side of mobile phones where high gain achieved. identical shape
Microstrip patch
Coaxial or probe feed is used to design this antenna. [2] antenna, CPW
Better impedance
matching,
[9] feed is used with Fractal technology
G. Wideband slotted patch antenna for 5G Roger RT/ Duroid
multiple band
spectrum
Rectangular wideband slotted microstrip patch antenna is 5880 substrate
designed for 5G technology. It is operated with the frequency steerable Optimum
directional impedance
of 5GHz. MIMO technology is implemented to increase the [3] antennas, Roger
Uses mm wave
matching,
quality of service, gain. Antenna design includes RT5880 spectrum
RT/ Duroid 5880 Multiple
substrate with the thickness of 0.6mm and 2.2 as dielectric substrate resonance
constant. This antenna design is suited well for 5G cellular Environmental
Wideband Antenna is parameters are
mobile phones which provide reflection coefficient as -
antenna with designed with Far analyzed to
36.54dB and bandwidth as 300MHz [4]. [8]
rectangular field radiation improve the
shaped antenna pattern overall
H. Antenna solution for future 5G performances
For the application of video and multimedia, mobile users [1]
Directional
Millimeter Wave
Improve
require high quality and low latency transmission which Antenna bandwidth
creates new challenge for service provider to satisfy the need Miniaturization
of customers. In order to provide new features and also to [6]
Circularly Miniaturization of patch antenna
avoid shortage of spectrum 5G technology is introduced. Due polarized antenna technique is used and beamwidth
enhancement
to the scarcity of bandwidth mm wave spectrum is used for 5G
technology. Mm wave spectrum could support simultaneous
use of mobile phones. CMOS technology is integrated with
5G technology. Instead of increasing large bandwidth spatial IV. CONCLUSION
reuse technique is introduced in these designs which provide In this survey, designs of various patch antennas are
flexibility, reduced cost with effective communication. discussed for the application of new 5G mobile phones. By
Atmospheric absorption of radiating waves due to rain fall are using 5G mobile phones, can track earth quake and tsunami
measured. While design of an antenna with low loss tangent prior to mobile phones, can ON and OFF home appliances,
substrate will increase antenna efficiency and will reduce can fold mobile as per user requirement, easy to identify a
stolen mobile within a Nano sec, can access office desktop
from home. Among various techniques, millimeter antenna
with 28GHz frequency is suitable for 5G mobile phones, this
antenna design is tested in real time environment that produce
better signal outage reduced path loss and return loss. Antenna
array can be introduced to improve overall performance of the
antenna.

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