CAVITY RESONATORS

CAVITY OR HELMHOLTZ RESONATORS

1. They consist of an enclosed body of air confined within
rigid walls and connected by a narrow opening called the
neck within the surrounding space in which the sound
waves travels
2. A cavity resonator of this type will absorb maximum sound
energy in the region of its resonance frequency
3. An empty jar or bottle also acts as a cavity resonator,
however its maximum absorption is confined to a very
narrow frequency band
4. Cavity resonators can be applied
 An individual unit
 As perforated panel resonators
 As slit resonators panels
5. The cavity resonators are group of sound absorbent which
consist of an air confined within rigid walls and connected
by narrow opening
6. Cavity resonators absorbs maximum sound energy in a
narrow region of low frequency band.
7. Its maximum absorption is confined to a narrow frequency
band, that is extremely selective in its absorption
8. When sound enters the resonators due to the multiple
reflections inside the sound waves are absorbed. The
cavity resonators may be designed to absorb sound
 generated by machine such as air conditioner, machines
etc
9. It essentially consists of a chamber with a narrow opening
in which absorption takes place by resonance of the air in
the chamber which gives loss of sound energy
10. Such an arrangement can act effectively over a single
selected frequency
11. Application of cavity resonator is normally restricted
to absorption from individual machine or in similar cases
12. A cavity resonator is wave guide like device that acts
like a high Q parallel resonant circuit
13. A simple cavity resonator can be formed with a short
piece of wave guide one and half-length long
14. Energy is coupled into the cavity with a co-axial probe
at the center
15. The internal walls of the cavity are often plated with
silver or some other low loss material to ensure minimum
loss and maximum Q

TYPES OF CAVITY RESONATORS

 Perforated Panel resonators
 Resonators with flexible tube bundles is used in
designing a highly sound absorptive chamber
which is used as an audio video laboratory
 They are also used in highly efficient duct
silencer. The total noise level of fan source is
attenuated to background noise level
 Not only middle and high frequency noise is
reduced but also low frequency noise is
suppressed considerably
 It’s also used in small type centrifugal fans case
in treatment. The cut off region of the
centrifugal fans case in is also acoustically
treated
 It’s used in designing the exhaust ducts and
sound absorptive channel walls for an electrical
transformer substation. The noise emitted
from the transformer substation is reduced to
surrounding background noise level
 They have perforations on the front panel that
allow for air movement through them in to the
cabinet inside
PERFORATED PANEL RESONATOR
CONSTRUCTION:-
 We take a box and build it out of plywood
MDF or wood .
 The face of the panel has s certain thickness
that can be increased or decreased to work
into sympathy with the perforated holes
 The perforated holes have certain diameter
and they act as miniature Helmholtz
resonators
  Each perforation is the opening of each
individual directly behind the hole.
 If the sound strikes the perforated panel in a
perpendicular manner then all the
resonators are in the phase and maximum
absorption occurs.
 The sound that strikes the panel” s face at an
angle will be reduced in sound absorption
rate and level
FACTORS AFFECTING RESONANCE
1. Thickness of panel
2. Volume of air cavity behind the panel
3. Diameter and density of holes
MATERIALS USED :-
 cement asbestos sheets
 plane corrugated and expanded steel
 aluminum sheet
 hard board
 plastic coated steel sheets
 wood and plywood panels
 reinforced fiber glass panels
 rigid plastic sheets
INDIVIDUAL CAVITY RESONATOR
  standard concrete blocks using a regular concrete mixture
but with slotted cavities called sound box units, constitute
of contemporary version of cavity resonators
METHOD OF FIXING
 the blocks are cast in 2 series called Type A and Type B.
Type A units have approximate ¼ inch slots and non-
combustible filler elements in their cavities
 in both the types the cavities are closed at the top the
slots allowing the closed cavities to act as Helmholtz
resonator
 the blocks are made in 4,6,8 inches’ thickness all having
20-41 cm nominal face size
 their maximum sound absorption occurs at low
frequencies decreasing at high frequencies