University of Santo Tomas

Faculty of Engineering
2nd sem AY 2015-2016

Experiment No. 5
Ohm’s Law

Section: 2CHE-B Date Performed: April 2, 2016

Group No.: 2 Date Submitted: April 16, 2016
Leader: Dacasin, Adrian B.
Members: De Mesa, Kharl Angelo P.
Dancel, Miguel Kristofer B.
Dayot, James Reuter

Instructors: Engr. Ma. Victoria Viray

Mrs. Guinever Guinto Vera
 I. Objectives

To determine the relationship between the voltage across resistors and he current flowing
through it.

II. Discussion of Related Physics Concept

In our everyday life, electronic circuits have entered our way of living. In these devices,
certain properties of the material should be thoroughly studied. One of the most important concepts
that is commonly used in these brilliant devices is the Ohm’s law. Ohm’s law is the assertion that
the potential difference (V) of a circuit or device is directly proportional to the current (I) passing
through the device or circuit. However, the word “law” should be in question since it has been
found that not all materials follow Ohm’s law. However, we will not dissect the properties that
makes a material to not follow the Ohm’s law. The assertion of Ohm’s law makes sense because
of the equation V = IR, where V is the voltage, I is the current in ampere, and R is the resistance.
However, V = IR is not really the equation for Ohm’s law but the equation that is defines resistance,
whether the material does or does not follow Ohm’s law. In this experiment, the material chosen
are those that follow Ohm’s law.

III. Set-up
IV. Data and Results

Table I: Variation of Voltage with Current

Resistance of resistor = Ω

Current, I Voltage, V Resistance, R % Difference

(amperes) (volts) (ohms)
0.1 1 10 0%
0.2 2 10 0%
0.3 3 10 0%
0.4 4 10 0%
0.5 5 10 0%

Table II: Variation of Current with Resistance

Supply voltage, V = volts

Resistance Current (amperes) Voltage % Difference

(ohms) (volts)
100 0.1 10 0%
50 0.2 10 0%
33.33 0.3 9.999 0.01%
35 0.28 9.8 2%
20 0.5 10 0%

Calculations:

Table I:
𝑉
𝑅 =
𝐴
1𝑉
𝑅 = 0.1𝐴 = 10Ω %

10−10
% Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

2𝑉
𝑅 = 0.2𝐴
= 10Ω %

10−10
% Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

3𝑉
𝑅 = = 10Ω
0.3𝐴

10−10
% Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

4𝑉
𝑅 = 0.4𝐴
= 10Ω
 10−10
% Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

5𝑉
𝑅 = 0.5𝐴
= 10Ω

10−10
% Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

Table II:
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅

𝑉 = (0.1𝐴)(100Ω) = 10𝑉
10−10
%Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

𝑉 = (0.2𝐴)(50Ω) = 10𝑉
10−10
% Error = 10
× 100 = 0%

𝑉 = (0.3𝐴)(33.33Ω) = 9.999𝑉
10−9.999
% Error = × 100 = 0.01%
10

𝑉 = (0.28𝐴)(35Ω) = 9.8𝑉
10−9.8
% Error = 10
× 100 = 2%

𝑉 = (0.5𝐴)(20Ω) = 10𝑉
10−10
% Error = × 100 = 0%
10

V. Analysis of Results

Ohm’s law is defined by the equation V = IR.

VI. Answers to Questions:

1. Calculate the amount of current (I) that will go through the resistor in this circuit
𝑽
Using the equation 𝑽 = 𝑰𝑹, we can derive the necessary formula for (I): 𝑰 = 𝑹.
Since the potential difference V and resistance R were already given, 12V and 470Ω
respectively, the current can now be readily solve by substituting the given in the formula:

𝑉
𝐼=
𝑅
12𝑉
𝐼=
470Ω

𝑰 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟓 𝑨

2. What is the value of this resistor, in ohms (Ω)?

𝑽
With the equation 𝑽 = 𝑰𝑹, it can be rearranged to find the resistance (Ω): 𝑹 = 𝑰 .
The potential difference (V) and current (I) were already given, 12.3V and 4.556 milliamps.
By substitution, it is now possible to find the resistance (Ω) but convert, first, the milliamps
to amps:

1 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑠 = 1000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑠

1 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑠
4.556 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑠 × = 𝟒. 𝟓𝟓𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒔
1000 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑠

With the conversion, we can now substitute:

𝑉
𝑅=
𝐼
12.3𝑉
𝑅=
4.556 × 10−3 𝐴

𝑹 = 𝟐𝟔𝟗𝟑. 𝟖𝟐𝟑𝟗 Ω