PRESENTATION ON

BLOCKCHAIN
AND OTHER EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
Presented by TechnoClan
TOPICS TO BE COVERED
A BRIEF OUTLINE
What is blockchain technology ?
Pillars of Blockchain
Use Cases of Blockchain
Other Emerging Technologies
 WHAT IS BLOCKCHAIN ?

A blockchain is a type of distributed database

comprising blocks of data, each of which contains a list
of previous transactions.
A shared Ledger Technology allowing any participant
in the business network to see the “System of Records
(Ledger)”
In addition, it also offers transparency, immutability,
and security.
Blockchain term was first introduced in the white paper
of Bit coin in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto.
HOW DOES BLOCKCHAIN WORKS
TYPES OF BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK

Public Blockchain Private Blockchain

Public blockchain network is permission less
whereas the private blockchain is permission one. The private blockchain, on the other hand, is
permission which means that there is an authority
This means that the public blockchain is an open that manages who can use the network.
network which is not controlled by anyone. Anyone
can access it.
CENTRALIZED VS DECENTRALIZED VS
DISTRIBUTED NETWORK

Centralized Network Decentralized Network Distributed Network

All nodes are connected under a No single authority server Every node is independent
single authority controls the nodes, they all have and connected to each
individual entity other.
 Benefits of BlockChain

SECURITY EFFICIENCY TRANSPARENCY AUDITABILITY TRACEABILITY

Blockchain provides Time and money will The Blockcahin is Immutable and Tracing of objects
one of the most be saved if open and distributed chronicle records without paperwork is
secure way of financial network which enhances enabled using
transacting things transactions are increases trust in auditability in this blockchains without
on internet. moved to blockchain. the network. tech paper work.
PILLARS OF BLOCKCHAIN
1. P2P AND SMART CONTRACTS
2. CRYPTOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL SINGATURE
3. HASHING
4. PROOF OF WORK
P2P- PEER TO PEER
P2P network is created when two or more PCs
are connected and share resources without
going through a separate server computer.
Unlike any other network, each node is equal in
its rights within the network.
Power doesn’t reside with one “master node”
hence Decentralized.
Each node is a supplier and consumer of
resources.
SMART CONTRACTS

Advantages includes :
• Total transparency
• No paperwork
• Total transparency
• Trustworthy
Guaranteed outcomes .

Disadvantages Includes:
• Error
• Rouge contracts.
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Cryptography is associated with the process of converting ordinary plain text into unintelligible text and vice-versa.
It is a method of storing and transmitting data in a particular form so that only those for whom it is intended can read
and process it.
Cryptography not only protects data from theft or alteration, but can also be used for user authentication.
Three types of cryptographic techniques used in general.
1. Symmetric-key cryptography
2. Hash functions.
3. Public-key cryptography
DIGITAL SIGNATURE
A digital signature is a mathematical scheme for presenting the authenticity of digital messages or
documents.

A valid digital signature gives a recipient reason to believe that the message was created by a claimed sender
(authentication), that the sender cannot deny having sent the message (non-repudiation), and that the
message was not altered in transit (integrity).
HASHING
Hashing refers to taking of infinite input of
bits, applying some algorithm to it, and
generating a fixed-size output data called the
hash.
Hash is used to verify if the file has not been
tampered or modified in any way.
Hashes are used in block chains to represent
the current state .
The input is the entire state of the blockchain
(all the transactions that have taken place so
far ) and the resulting output hash represents
the current state of the blockchain.
The hash is used to agree between all
parties that are part of transaction.
PROOF OF WORK
Proof of work (abbreviated to PoW) is a consensus protocol introduced by Bitcoin and used widely by
many other crypto currencies.
This process is known as mining and as such the nodes on the network are known as “miners”.
The “proof of work” comes in the form of an answer to a mathematical problem, one that requires
considerable work to arrive at, but is easily verified to be correct once the answer has been reached.
USE CASES OF BLOCKCHAIN
LETTER OF CREDIT
SMART REFRIGERATOR
OPEN, TRUSTED SUPPLY CHAIN
USE CASE – LETTER OF CREDIT
What?
• Bank handling letters of credit (LOC) wants to offer them
to a wider range of clients including startups
• Currently constrained by costs & the time to execute

How?
• Blockchain provides common ledger for letters of credit
• Allows bank and counter-parties to have the same
validated record of transaction and fulfillment

Benefits
• Increased trust
• Increase speed of execution (less than 1 day)
• Vastly reduced cost
USE CASE – SMART REFRIGERATOR
What?
• Value of connected smart devices limited by ability to
interact with business systems.

How?
• Blockchain to manage automated interactions with the
external world
• ordering and paying for food to arranging for its own
software upgrades and tracking its warranty.

Benefits
•Business value from connected technology
•Efficiencies in network and supply chains.
•Status transparent to all network members
USE CASE – OPEN, TRUSTED SUPPLY CHAIN
What?
• Consumers demanding transparency on where and how
their products are made.
• EU requires more information about corporate supply
chains, with penalties for non-compliance.

How?
• Blockchain enable safe digital transfer of property across
the end to end supply chain.

Benefits
•Verifiable, preventing any party from altering
•Efficiencies through greater transparency
•Consumers can make informed purchases
•Governments get reliable information
OTHER EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

•ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING

•COMPUTER VISION
•NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION
•INTERNET OF THINGS
•NANOTECHNOLOGY
•WEARABLES
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a
computer program or a machine to think and
learn. It is also a field of study which tries to
make computers "smart".

Examples-
Amazon Alexa
Google Now
Siri
Sophia
MACHINE LEARNING
Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the ability to automatically learn
and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.
It focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it learn for themselves.

Example-
Search Engine Result Refining.
Social Media Services like People You May Know
Face Recognition
COMPUTER VISION
Computer Vision is process of acquiring, processing, analyzing and understanding digital images and videos.
Examples- Amazon Go - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrmMk1Myrxc
Microsoft Kinect
NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION
It is a technology that turns data into plain-English language. It means the software can look at the data and
write a story from it, just like a human analyst would today.
Many companies are investing in NLG to automate the creation of proposals, reports and other repeatable
documents involving text.
INTERNET OF THINGS
IOT is the extension of Internet connectivity into physical devices and everyday objects.
Some Applications are-
Smart Homes Devices, Connected card, Wearable's.
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale.
•Nano-foods
•Textiles- Water Repellant fabrics
•Cosmetics
•Sports
WEARABLES
Wearables are smart electronic devices
(electronic device with micro-controllers) that
can be incorporated into clothing or worn on
the body as implants or accessories.
•Jawbone UP
•Samsung Gear 2
•Google Glass
•LECHAL GPS Shoes
 THANK YOU
"It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity."
— Albert Einstein