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B-Stad CH 04 PDF
B-Stad CH 04 PDF
B-Stad CH 04 PDF
Boylestad
DC Biasing - BJTs
Chapter 4
Ch.4 Summary
Biasing
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
Operating Point
The DC input
establishes an
operating or
quiescent point
called the Q-point.
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
DC Biasing Circuits
Fixed-bias circuit
Emitter-stabilized bias circuit
Collector-emitter loop
Voltage divider bias circuit
DC bias with voltage feedback
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
Fixed Bias
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
VCC VBE
IB
RB
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Collector-Emitter Loop
Collector current:
IC IB
VCE VCC IC RC
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Saturation
V
ICsat CC
R
C
VCE 0 V
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
The Q-point is the operating point where the value of RB sets the
value of IB that controls the values of VCE and IC .
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Adding a resistor
(RE) to the emitter
circuit stabilizes
the bias circuit.
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Base-Emitter Loop
From Kirchhoff’s voltage law:
VCC IE RE VBE IE RE 0
Since IE = ( + 1)IB:
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Collector-Emitter Loop
From Kirchhoff’s voltage law:
I E RE VCE ICRC VCC 0
Since IE IC:
VCE VCC – IC(RC RE )
Also:
VE I E RE
VC VCE VE VCC IC RC
VB VCC – I R RB VBE VE
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Saturation Level
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Approximate Analysis
Where IB << I1 and I1 I2 :
R2VCC
VB
R1 R2
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Base-Emitter Loop
From Kirchhoff’s voltage law:
VCC – IC RC –IBRB –VBE –IE RE 0
VCC VBE
Solving for IB: IB
RB β(RC RE )
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Collector-Emitter Loop
Applying Kirchoff’s voltage law:
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
To ensure saturation:
ICsat
IB
βdc
Emitter-collector
resistance at VCEsat VCC
Rsat Rcutoff
saturation and cutoff: ICsat ICEO
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Boylestad Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Ch.4 Summary
Switching Time
ton t r t d
toff t s tf
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
Troubleshooting Hints
Approximate voltages VBE .7 V for silicon transistors
VCE 25% to 75% of VCC
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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Ch.4 Summary
PNP Transistors
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
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