THERMODYNAMICS

Lectures Notes
(3)
Dr. Mohamed Elhelw
PROPERTIES OF PURE SUBSTANCES

PURE SUBSTANCE
A substance that has a fixed chemical composition. Like water, helium. A
mixture of various chemical elements or compounds also qualifies as a pure
substance as long as the mixture is homogeneous. Air, for example, is a
mixture of several gases, but it is often considered to be a pure substance
 PHASE-CHANGE PROCESSES OF PURE
SUBSTANCES

•Compressed Liquid and

Saturated Liquid

•Saturation Temperature and

Saturation Pressure

•Saturated Vapor and

Superheated Vapor
 PROPERTY DIAGRAMS FOR PHASE-
CHANGE PROCESSES

•The T-v Diagram

•The P-v Diagram
Extending the Diagrams to Include the Solid Phase
•The P-T Diagram
 PROPERTY TABLES

It is common practice to denote properties on the saturated liquid line by

subscript (f) or a dach (') as superscript. The properties for the saturated vapor
line are given by subscript (g) or double dash ('') as superscript.

Saturated Steam
•Superheated Steam
•Mixture properties

Since V = Vf + Vg
and

Then V = mf vf + mg vg = (1-x) mt vf + x mt vg

v= vf + x( vg – vf)
Similarly,
h= hf + x( hg – hf)

s= sf + x( sg – sf)
STEAM CHART