E-Content of

INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

Chapter: 5.4 WWW

Topic: 5.4.1 World Wide Web

World Wide Web

• World Wide Web (also called WWW or W3) is a hypertext-based information
system. It is the most important service provided by the internet.
• It is an internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing. And it
is a major means of access to the internet resources.
• It was developed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee, and he is called as the father of
WWW.
• Any word in a hypertext document can be specified as a pointer to a different
hypertext document where more information pertaining to that word can be
found.
• The reader can open the second document by selecting the word only the part of
the linked document which contains relevant information will be displayed.
• The second document may itself contain links to further documents. The reader
need not know where the referenced documents are present.
• The linked documents may be located at different Internet sites. WWW can
handle different text formats and different methods of organizing information.
• WWW is a graphical hypertext way of using the Internet using the HTTP protocol
for transmitting Web pages and other information over the Internet, in principle,
between the server and the user's computer.
• The World Wide Web (W3) is the universe of network-accessible information, an
embodiment of human knowledge
• It has a body of software and a set of protocols and conventions.
 E-Content of
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

FIG 5.6: World Wide Web

• The three technologies which remain as foundation for today's web. They are,
 HTML
 Hyper Text Markup Language.
 The publishing format for the Web, including the ability to format
documents and link to other documents and resources.
 It is the standard markup language used to create web pages.
 HTML describes the structure of a website semantically along with cues
for presentation, making it a markup language rather than a programming
language.
 HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows
images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive
forms.
 E-Content of
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

FIG 5.7: HTML sample code

 URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)
 It is a kind of “address” that is unique to each resource on the Web.
 It is a string of characters used to identify a name of a resource.
 Such identification enables interaction with representations of the resource
over a network, typically the World Wide Web.
 The URI syntax consists of a URI scheme name, such as http, ftp, etc.
followed by a colon character and then by a scheme-specific part.
 We can easily identify a resource with the help of URI in www.

FIG 5.8: Uniform Resource Identifier

 E-Content of
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

 It allows the retrieval of linked resources from across the Web.
 HTTP has been in use by the World-Wide Web global information initiative
since 1990.
 HTTP is the protocol to exchange or transfer hypertext.
 The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level protocol for
distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.
 It is a generic, stateless, protocol which can be used for many tasks
beyond its use for hypertext, such as name servers and distributed object
management systems, through extension of its request methods, error
codes and headers
 A feature of HTTP is the typing and negotiation of data representation,
allowing systems to be built independently of the data being transferred.

FIG 5.9: Hypertext Transfer Protocol