Generic Alteration minerals assemblage Ore System

Terminology (Main assemblage in italic)s

Argilic Kaolinite (or halloysite, or dickite) Porphyry Cu, high-and
+¿ montmorillonite ± low-sulphidation
sericite (or muscovite) ± chlorite epithermal, geothermal
Advanced argilic Pyrophyllite +¿ kaolinite (or Porphyry Cu, high-
dickite) ± quartz ± sericite sulphidation epithermal,
± andalusite ± diaspore geothermal
± alunite ± topaz ±
zunyite ± enargite ±
tourmaline ± pyrite ±
chalcopyrite ± hematite
Chlorite ± sericite ±
Intermediate argilic kaolinite ± montmorillonite Porphyry Cu, high-
± illite-smectite ± calcite sulphidation epithermal
± epidote ± biotite ±
pyrite
Sericite +¿ quartz +¿ pyrite
Phyllic (or sericitic) ± biotite ± chlorite ± Porphyry Cu
rutile ± leucoxene ±
chalcopyrite ± illite
Sericite +¿ quartz +¿ pyrite Porphyry Cu, low-
± K-feldspar ± biotite ± sulphidation epithermal,
Sericitic (or phylic) calcite ± dolomite ± chlorite geothermal, VHMS,
± andalusite ± chloritoid sediment hosted massive
± albite ± pyrrhotite sulphide
Epidote (or zoisite or clinozoisite) Porphyry Cu, high-
Propylitic (or +¿ chlorite +¿ albite ± sulphidation epithermal,
saussuritization) carbonate ± sericite ± low- sulphidation
montmorillonite ± septachlorite epithermal, geothermal
± apatite ± anhydrite ±
ankerite ± hematite ± pyrite
± chalcopyrite
K-feldspar (orthoclase) +¿
biotite +¿ quartz ± magnetite Porphyry Cu
Potassic ± sericite (or muscovite) ±
albite ± chlorite ± anhydrite
± apatite ± rutile ±
epidote ± chalcopyrite ±
bornite ± pyrite
 Tabel V.2. Rangkuman dari pembentuk Alterasi Hidrotermal Assembages dalam
Lingkungan Epitermal

Alterasi Mineral Assemblages Keterdapatan dan Asal (genetik)

propilitic quartz, k-feldspar (adularia), Terbentuk pada T > 240, pada
albite, illite, chlorite, calcite, lingkungan yang dalam, akibat fluida
epidote, pyrite. (air) pada pH mendekati normal.
Argillic Illite, smectite, chlorite, Terbentuk pada T > 180, pada zona
mixed-layer clay minerals, periphery dan dangkal, akibat steam-
pyrite, calcite, chalcedony. heated CO2-rich water.
Adv. Argilic opal, alunite, kaolinite, Terbentuk pada T < 120, pada
(steam-heated) pyrite, marcasite. lingkungan terdangkal, akibat steam-
heated acid-sulfate water.
Adv. Argilic Quartz, alunite, dikcite, Terbentuk pada T > 200, akibat
(magmatic- pyrophillite, diaspore. magmatic-derived acidic water.
hydrothermal)
Adv. Argilic alunite, kaolinite, Terbentuk pada T < 40, akibat
(supergene) hallosyte,jarosite, Fe-oxides. pelapukan dan oksidasi batuan
pembawa sulfida.