MATHONGO – FORMULA SHEET – TRIG.

RATIOS & EQUATIONS

Functions of compound angles

Addition formulae

 sinA  B  sin AcosB  cosA sinB

 sinA  B  sin AcosB  cosA sinB

 cosA  B  cosA cosB  sin A sinB

 cosA  B  cosAcosB  sin A sinB

tan A  tan B
 tanA  B 
1 tan A tan B
tan A  tan B
 tanA  B 
1 tan A tan B

  1  tan 
 tan   
4  1  tan 

  1  tan 
 tan   
4  1  tan 

cot A cot B  1
 cot(A  B) 
cot B  cot A
cot A cot B  1
 cot(A  B) 
cot B  cot A
2 tan A
In particular sin2A  2 sin A cosA 
1 tan2 A
1 tan2 A
cos2A  cos2 A  sin2 A  1 2 sin2 A  2 cos2 A  1 
1 tan2 A
2 tan A
tan 2A 
1 tan2 A

 sin3A  3 sin A  4 sin3 A

 cos3A  4 cos3 A  3 cosA

3 tan A  tan3 A
 tan 3A 
1 3 tan2 A

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MATHONGO – FORMULA SHEET – TRIG. RATIOS & EQUATIONS

Transformations of sums into products and vice versa

AB AB
 sin A  sinB  2 sin cos
2 2

AB AB
 sin A  sinB  2cos sin
2 2
AB AB
 cosA  cosB  2cos cos
2 2
AB BA
 cosA  cosB  2 sin sin
2 2

sin A sinB  [cosA  B  cosA  B]

1

2

cosAcosB  [cosA  B  cosA  B]

1

2

sin A cosB  [sinA  B  sinA  B]

1

2
 sin(A  B) sin(A  B)  sin2 A  sin2 B

 cosA  BcosA  B  cos2 A  sin2 B

sin2n 
 cos  cos2.......cosn1 2 
2n 
sin(A  B)
 tan A  tan B 
cos A cosB
 2 sin A cosB  sin(A  B)  sin(A  B)
 2 cosA sinB  sin(A  B)  sin(A  B)
 2 cosA cosB  cos(A  B)  cos(A  B)
 2 sin A sinB  cos(A  B)  cos(A  B)

 d
sin n 
2  d
 sina  sin(a  d )  ..... sina  n  1)d    sin a  (n  1) 
sin
d  2
2
 d
sin n 
 d
cosa  cos(a  d )  ..... cosa  n  1)d   
2
 cos a  (n  1) 
sin
d  2
2

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MATHONGO – FORMULA SHEET – TRIG. RATIOS & EQUATIONS
3 1
 sin15   cos75
2 2

3 1
 cos15   sin75
2 2

 tan15  2  3  cot 75

 cot15  2  3  tan 75

 1  1
 sin 22   2 2
 2 2

 1  1
 cos 22   2 2
 2 2

 1 
 tan 22   2  1
 2

5 1
 sin18   cos72
4
1
 cos18  10  2 5  sin72
4
1
 sin18  10  2 5  sin72
4
1
 sin36  10  2 5  cos54
4

 cos36 
1
4
 
5  1  sin54

Identities relating to the angels of a triangle

 sin2A  sin2B  sin2C  4 sinA sinB sinC

 cos2A  cos2B  cos2C  1 4 cosA cosB cosC

A B C
 sinA  sinB  sinC  4 cos cos cos
2 2 2

A B C
 cosA  cosB  cosC  1 4 sin sin sin
2 2 2

 tan A  tanB  tanC  tan A tanB tanC

A B B C C A
 tan tan  tan tan  tan tan  1
2 2 2 2 2 2

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MATHONGO – FORMULA SHEET – TRIG. RATIOS & EQUATIONS

 cotB cotC  cotC cot A  cot AcotB  1

A B C A B C
 cot  cot  cot  cot .cot .cot
2 2 2 2 2 2

General Solutions Of Equations

If  radians is one of the solutions of the equation:

(i) sin  c 1  c  1 , the general solution is n   1n 

(ii) cos  c 1  c  1 , the general solution is 2n  

(iii) tan  c , the general solution is n   ,

(iv) sin2   k 2    n  sin1 k (Also if | sin  | = k)

(v) cos2   k 2    n  cos1 k (Also if | cos  | = k)

(vi) tan 2   k 2    n  tan 1 k (Also if | tan  | = k),

where n is any integer and the corresponding expressions for solutions in degrees can be got
from these. Generally  is taken to be the smallest numerical solution of the equation

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