Section 2 (Mathl PISAT

Practice'fest 1
o a a a a a a a a a a

1. B Category:Algebra 9
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:To solvefor x, isolateit on onesideof the equation
Gettingto the Answer:
2x+2x+14=2x+2x+2x+6
14=2x+6
8=2x
4=X

2. D Gategory:Arithmetic
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:Whena figureis drawnto scale,eyeballingis an excellent
wayto
approximate.
Gettingto the Answer:Eyeballthe figure.Theareaof the shadedregionis clearly
1
morethan;, or 50"/",of the areaof rectangle (A),(B),and (C).lt ,
ABCD.Eliminate
is alsoturJthunl, or 75"/.,of ABCD.Eliminate
(E).(D) is therefore
correct.
4'

3. D Category:Algebra
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:Tocomparenumbersin decimalform,linethemup at the
decimalpointandcomparedigitsfromleftto right.
Gettingto the Answer:Thequestion is reallyaskingforthesmallest number
amongthefivechoices, sinceonlythecorrectanswercanbe lessthan0.8746.
Eliminate (A)and (B) rightaway,as theyare eachgreaterthan0.9.Sincethe tenths
digitis thesamein the remaining threechoices, compare the hundredthsdigitto
findthatthe6 in (D)is lessthanthe8 in (C)andthe7 in (E).(D)is therefore
correct.
lf youareuncomfortable comparing numbers in decimalform,insertazeroat the
endof everychoiceexcept(D)to equalize the numberof digitsin each.Withfive
digitsin eachchoice,removethe decimalpointsandcomparethemas whole
numbersas follows:
( A)9 , 14 0
(B)10,470
(c) 8,830
(D)8,675
(E)8,750
Youcanseethat(D)is leastandtherefore the correctanswer.

4. C Category:Algebra
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:Whena mathproblemrequiresmultiplesteps,takeeachstep
separatelyto avoidconfusion.
Gettingto the Answer:AllenscoredfewerpointsthanEdward,so x < y. Steven
scoredfewerpointsthanAllen,so z< x. Sincez < x andX. y, z < x <y. (C)is
thereforecorrect.
 5 . A Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Oneof the mostusefulgeometryproperties youcan memorize
is thatthe interior sumto 180".
anglesof a triangle
Gettingto the Answer: The interiorangleis verticalto the
unlabeled
triangle's
102'angle,so it is 102'as well.Usingthefactthata triangle'sinterioranglessum
to 180',set up an equationandsolvefor b:
1 0 2 +b + 2 b = 1 8 0
3 b= 7 8
b=26

6 . D Category:Logicand DataInterpretaion
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Watchoutfor questions thataskaboutdigitsinsteadof numbers.
Gettingto the Answer:The personmustwritethe digitsof eachof the integersBB
through116inclusive. Theintegers 88 to 99 contain2 digitseachandthe integers
100to 116contain3 digitseach.Sinceeachrangeis inclusive, the numberof
integersin eachrangewillbe 1 greaterthanthedifference of each.99 - 88'- 11,
so thereare 11 + 1 = 12 integerswith2 digitseach.116 - 100= 16, so thereare
16+ 1 = 17 integers with3 digitseach.Therefore,thereare 12(2)+ 17(3)= 24 + 51
= 75 digitstotal.

7 . c Gategory:Algebra
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Whena questioncontainsvariables in boththe questionstem
and the answer choices, Picking Numbersis a great way to makeit moreconcrete.
Gettingto the Answer:Pick5 for n and 10 for y. A widgetcosts$5 andthe store
beganwith4 x 10 = 40 widgets.The storehad 10 widgetsleftat the endof the day,
so it musthavesold40 - 10 = 30 widgets.The priceof 30 widgetsis 30 x $5 =
$t SO.Substitute 5 for n and 10fory intotheanswerchoicesandeliminate theones
thatdon'tequal$150:
(A)ny = 5(10)= 50
(B )2 n y= 2 (5 )(1 0=) 1 0 0
(c) 3ny= 3(5)(10) = 150
( D \z n y+ 1 0= 2 ( 5 X 1 0+) 1 0= 1 1 0
(E)4ny= 4(5)(10) = 200
Only(C)equals$150,so it is correct.

8 . C Category:Geometry
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:A thoroughunderstanding of the mostcommonly testedspecial
triangleswillgiveyoua definiteedgeon TestDay.
Getting the Answer:The perimeter
to of a polygonis the sumof the lengthsof its
sides.Theareaof any rectangle is lengthtimeswidth.The areaof WXYZis 96 and

mustbe P6 = r6' Sinceris the midpointo'fWX,the

itswidthis 6, so its length
-

of wT andTXmusteacho" *
lengths = 8' WTZisa 3 : 4 :5 righttriangle
with
WZ=6 and WT=8,so the lengthof hipotenuse mustbe 10.SinceXTYis identical
PISAT mustalsobe 10.The perimeter
to WTZ,the lengthof hypotenuse of TYZis
PracticeTest 1
a a a a o a o a a o a 16+ 10+ 10 = 36.
therefore
1('
 L D Gategory:Geometry P{SAT
Difficulty:Medium Practice'I'est 1
o a a o o a a a a o o

strategicAdvice:when a geometry questiondoesn'tincludea figure,drawyour tl

ownto helpyouvisualize
the problem.
Gettingto the Answer:Beginby drawingthe numberline:
ffi
A B C D E F G H
Thereare 7 segments andthe questionstemtellsyouthatthe lengthof each
segmentis equal.Sincethe sumof thesegments equals56,eachsegment must
AA
be # = 8 unitslong.Thereare 3 segmentsbetweenB and E so the distance
T
B and Eis 8 x 3 = 24.
between

1 0 . E Category:Arithmetic
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Knowingand understanding the averageformula,
sum of terms
4veId$e = is crucial.
numberof terms,
Gettingto the Answer:The averageof the original16 numbersis 3, so theirsum
is 16x 3 = 48.Theaverage is 4, so theirsumis 17x 4 = 68.
of all 17 numbers
Sincethe onlydifferencebetweenthe originalset of numbersandthe newset is the
17thnumber, subtractthe originalsumfromthenewsumto findthenewnumber.
- =
68 48 20, so (E)mustbe correct.

11. E Category:Logicand DataInterpretation

Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Somequestions onlylooktough.Unknowndigitquestions can
be quitemanageable if theyare approached systematically,
beginning withthe most
concreteelement.
Gettingto the Answer:The mostconcreteelementsin thisproblemarc lhe 7, 2,
and3. Sincetheoriginal numberhasa 3 in thetensplaceandthedifference hasa
2, E mustbe lessthan7. Eliminate 7, 8, and9 fromthe listof possibledigitsfor E,
7 p o ssi b ldei g i ts(0 , 1 ,2 ,3,4,5, and6) .In anysubtr action
l e a v i ng pr oblem likethis,
thereis one distinctdifference for eachdistinctoriginalnumbergiventhatthe
amountbeingsubtracted remainsconstant. Thatis,30 - 7 = 23,31 - 7 = 24, and
so on up to 36 -7 = 29.Therefore, there alsobe 7 possible
will digitsfor Fand (E)
is correct.

1 2 . E Category:Algebra
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Whena problemcontainsbothconcreteandabstractelements,
alwaysfocuson the concreteelements first.
Gettingto the Answer:When368 is dividedby 7, the resultis 52 witha remainder
of 4, so x = 4 and3x is 3(4)= 12.Divide368 by 12 to f indthatthe resultis 30 with
a remainder of 8.

13. A Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Tofindthe slopeof a linefromtwo points,usethe formula
slope= Yz- Yt.
Xt-Xz
of pointA are(3,-1). Plugbothpoints
Gettingto the Answer:The coordinates
 intothe slopeformulaandsolve:
, 2-(-1) 3 3
sloPe=:T==
4=-T
1 4 . B Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:To determine whethera givenpointlieson a line,firstfindthe
equation of the line.
Gettingto the Answer:Linem goesthroughpointA, (3,-1), andanotherpoint,(4,
-2). Findtheequation of linem by findingtheslopewiththeslopeformulaandthen
solvingfor the y-intercept:
slope= Yz- Yt
Xt- xz
, - 2-(-1)
SIOPe= , - .1, = _ 1
4_3-=
Y= mx+ b
- 1 = - 1 ( 3 )+ b
-1 =-3+b
2=b
The equationof the line is thereforey = -x + 2. Plug each answerchoiceinto this
equationand look for a match:
( A )- ( 5 ) + 2 = - 3 . E l i m i n a t e .
(B) -(6) + 2 = -4. This one works.
( C )- ( 7 ) + 2 = - 5 . E l i m i n a t e .
( D )- ( 8 ) + 2 = - 6 . E l i m i n a t e .
( E )- ( 1 0 ) + 2 = - 8 . E l i m i n a t e .
Only (B) producesthe correcty-value.

15. C Category: Arithmetic

Difficulty:High
Strategic Advice: llo divideexponentswith the same base,subtractthe exponents
and keep the base.
Getting to the Answer: Divide75 x 65 by 7a x 610to find the fractionthat the
formeris of the latter:
7 5 x 6 5 - - v7 5 6 5 t v - - 1- 7
- -' -
" " 65 65
7ay610 7a 610

16. C Category:Logicand DataInterpretation

Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Readeachquestioncarefully, anddon'tassumeanything the
question doesn'tinclude.
Gettingto the Answer:Students takingbothclassesare beingcountedtwice:
oncefor the individualsubject
and oncefor "both."Thereare12 + 14 = 26 students
listedas takingeithercourse.Subtractthe 5 listedas takingbothto findthat
26 - 5 = 21 studentsaretakingat leastoneof the twocourses.Therefore,
33 - 21 = 12 studentsare takingneithergeography nor history.
Thiscanalsobe solvedusingthefollowing formula:group1 + group2 - both+
neither= total.
PISAT
12+14-5+N=33
Praclice Test 1 2 1+ N = 3 3
a a o a a a a o o a o
12 N=12
17. A Category:Geometry PISAT
Difficulty:Medium Practice Test 1
a a a a a l a a l o a

StrategicAdvice:Don'ttry to visualizenumberlinesin yourhead.Makegooduse 13

of the scratchareain yourtestbookletby drawingthe numberlineif the problem
doesnot provideyouwitha figure.
Gettingto the Answer:Beginby drawingCD andpointE
C E D
ThedistancebetweenpointsC and D is 14 - (-16)= 30. lf youcallthe distance
betweenC and E x, thenthe distancebetweenE and D is 4x, andthetotaldistance
b e t w e eC t is-16+ 6 =-10.
n a n dD i s x + 4 x = 5 x .S i n c e5 x = 3 0 ,x = 6 , a n dp o i n E
YoucouldalsoBacksolve. SinceEis a lotclosertoCthanit is to D, beginwith(B).
Thedistance f rom-6 to -16 is -6 - (-16) = 10.Thedistance
f rom14to -6 is 14-
(-6) = 20. 10 is morethan] of 2O,sopointE mustbe closerto C than-6.
'+
Therefore, (A)is correct.

18. B Category:Arithmetic
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:In a "mustbe true"problem,remember thatonlyonefalse
instanceis neededto eliminate an answerchoice.
Gettingto the Answer:Sincethereare variables in the questionstemandthe
answerchoices,testeachchoiceby PickingNumbers:
( A )l f x =7 a n dY =5 , X * j /= 12.12is nota m ultiple
of 18.However it ,x= 21 andy
= 15,x + y = 36,whichis a multiple of 18.Eliniinate.
(B)lf x= 7 andy = 5, X * )/ = 12.Sincethesmallest possible combination of x andy
sumsto a multiple of 6, x + ywill alwaysbe a multipleof 6.
( C )l f x= 7 a n dY =5 ,X Y =3 5 ,whichis nota m ultipleof 70.Elim inate.
(D)Sincex andy are integersin the ratio7 : 5, theirdifference willalwaysbe a
multiple oI7 - 5 = 2, an evennumber. Eliminate.
(E)Thiswouldbe trueif x=7 andy = 5, butfalseif X= 14 andy = 10.Eliminate.

1 9 . D Gategory:Geometry
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:Whengivena wordproblemor figurewithno numerical
information,writedowneverythingyouknowaboutthe problemon yourscratch
paper.Usetheformulasin frontof youto solvethe problem.
Gettingto the Answer:Youare giventwosemicircles (whichmakeonefullcircle
whenputtogether), anda square.Becauseprobability= desiredoutcomes , the
total# of outcomes
thata randompointwouldfallwithinthe square-
probability areqof squ?re
areaof entirefigure
Theareaof the two semicircles togetherequalsthe areaof a circle,or rcr2.
The lengthof one sideof the squareequals2r, becausethe sideof the square
equalsthe diameter of thesemicircle.
theareaof the square= (2fi(2r)= 4r2.
Therefore,
Theareaof the entirefigure= rcrz+ 4r2.
= desiredoutcomes
probability
total# of outcomes
 Ar2
- -----
probabilitv
nr' + 4r2
4r2
, = - ::-
,Probabilitv
rz(n+4)
A
probabilitv
n+4
20. E Category:Algebra
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:Lookfor opportunities to eliminateanswerchoicesthatare
definitelywrong.Then,useyouranswersto Backsolve yourwayto the correct
answer.
Gettingto the Answer:
Youare toldin the questionstemthat (x) = 0 whenx is greaterthan1. Therefore, it
is possible for 0 to be a valueof X so delete(D) rightaway.
Whatdo threeof the remaining answerchoiceshavein common?Thefactthat
therearethreenegatives andone positiveleftshouldtip youoff thatthe conect
answeris (E).
Anytimex is lessthanor equalto 1, the valuewillbe placedin the functionfr - *.
lf xis lessthanor equalto 1, thenthe valueis eitherzeroor a negative. A negative
cubedis a negativeanda negative squaredis a positive.A largernegativeminusa
smallerpositivewillalwaysequala negativenumber.lf the x valueis a decimal,
thenyou knowthata decimalcubedis aJwayssmallerthan a decimalsquared.The
resultin thiscasewouldalsobe negative. Eliminate(A),(B),and (C)-they all are
possible valuesfor (x).

PISAT
Practice Test 1
a a a a o o a a a a a
14
 Section 4 (Mathl
1. D Category:Algebra
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:Whena problemcontainsmorethanonevariable, be surethat
youare solvingfor the correctone.
Gettingto the Answer:Since2b = 8, b mustbe 4. Plugthisvaluein for b and
solvefor a:
3a-4b=14
3 a - 4 ( 4 )= 1 4
3a-16=14
3a=30
d=10

2 . C Gategory:Arithmetic
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Primefactorization is a greatwayto solveproblems about
multiples.
Gettingto the Answer:The problemis askingfor the leastcommonmultipleof 6,
8 , a n d1 4 . 6= 3 x 2 , 8 = 2 x 2 x 2 , a n d1 4= 2 x 7 , s ot h e i lre a sct o m m om
n ultiple
i s2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 7 = 1 6 8 .
YoucouldalsoBacksolve. Thequestionasksfor the smallestnumberso beginwith
(A),the smallestchoice.
.-,84 .84 u
(A) = 14,but = t0 remainder (A)'
4. Eliminate
6 ?
(B) = 21, but = 15remainder (B).
6. Eliminate
# #
(C) = 28, = 21,and# = 12,so(C)iscorrect.
# #
3 . E Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:Theslopesof perpendicular linesare negativereciprocals.
Gettingto the Answer:Whileyoucancertainlyusethe figureto findtheactual
slopeof thisline,all you needto knowis thatthe slopeis a smallnegative fraction
(sinceit slopesdownas it goesto the rightand isn'tat all steep).Theonlyequation
withthe negativereciprocal of a smallnegativefraction,a positivenumbergreater
th a n1 , i s (E ).

4 . C Category:Logicand DataInterpretation
Difficulty:Low
StrategicAdvice:Someproblems provideextrainformationto throwyouoff.This
problemincludesa circle,butyoudo not needto do anything withit.
Gettingto the Answer:The problemasksyouto movesomepointsso thattheyall
two pointscan havea straightlinedrawnbetweenthem,
forma straightJln^=-4ny
butno threepointsin thisfigureare in a line.Therefore,
no matterwhich2 points
youchoosefor the line,therewillalwaysbe 5 thatmustbe moved.

5. A Gategory:Arithmetic
PISAT Difficulty:Medium
Practice Test 1
a a a a a a a a a a a
StrategicAdvice:Whena problemincludesmultipleunitsof measure,
be surethat
24 youranswerusesthe correctone.
 Getting to the Answer: Beginby figuringout how many hoursit took the car to PISAT
travel16 miles.Callthe numberof hoursX then set up a proportionand solvefor x PracticeTest 1
o o a o o a a a a a o

48 miles 16miles 25
=
t hour xhoL.rrs
4 8 x= 1 6
1
X=-
3 1
So the car took; of an hour,or 20 minutes,
to travel16 miles.Thereare 60
J
secondsin a minute, is 20(60)= 1,200seconds.
so 20 minutes

6 . 8 Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Thetwo mostusefulgeometryproperties youcan memorize are
thatthe interior
anglesof a triangle
andsupplementary anglesbothsumto 180".
Gettingto the Answer:Tofindb, firstsolvefor a. At the bottomof thetriangle,
thereis a straight
linemadeup of 2a" and 10a".Sincetheanglesare
supplemenlary, 2a" + 10a' = 12a"mustequal180'.
1 2 a= 1 8 0
d=15
The interioranglesof the largetrianglemustalso sum to 180".Plugin 15 for a and
solvefor b:
90+(a+b+a)+a=180
3a+b=90
3 ( 1 5+) b = 9 0
45+b=90
b=45

7 . E Category: Logicand Data lnterpretation

Difficulty:Medium
Strategic Advice: When a Logic problemcomeswith rules, analyzethem and draw
them into your test bookletto make the problemmore concrete.
Getting to the Answer: The problemasks you to place 6 peoplein 6 rooms,1 to a
room,with no peopleleft over.The first rule tells you to put c in room 5, so draw c
abovebox 5. The next rule tells you that a and b must be separatedby exactly2
rooms.Room 5 is alreadytaken by c, so a and b are in eitherrooms 1 and 4 or
rooms3 and 6. The final rule statesthat d and e must be nextto each other.
Combiningthe 2nd and 3rd rulesresultsin exactly2 possiblesituations:
alb dle dle alb c f
trtrtrtrtrtr
dle dle alb f c alb
trtrtrtrtrtr
Only(E)is possible.
(A)cannotbe truesincea canonlybe in rooms1, 3, 4, or 6.
(B)cannotbe truesinced canonlybe in rooms1, 2, or 3.
(C)cannotbe truesinceroom5 is occupiedby c.
(D)cannotbe truesinced canonlybe in rooms1, 2, or 3.
 L B Category:Logicand DataInterpretation
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Watchoutfor the difference between"couldbe true"and"must
onefor the otheris the quickest
be true."Mistaking wayto the wronganswer.
Gettingto the Answer:The problem states that a is in room3, so it is referring
to
the secondsketchfromthe previousquestion.
dledle a f c b
trtrtrtrtrtr
YoucanseethatI and ll mustbe true.a and b are separated by 2 rooms,and a is
in room3, so b must be in room6. d cannot
be in room 4, sinced and e mustbe
adjacentandthe onlyunoccupied roomsnextto eachotherare room1 and room2.
However, ecan be in eitherroom2 or room1, so lll doesn'thaveto be true.
Therefore,(B)is correct.

9. 3 < w < 7
Category:Arithmetic
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Remember to evaluatebothpossiblevaluesof an expression
insideabsolutevaluesigns.
Gettingto the Answer:Beginby findingthe rangeof possible valuesfor both
inequalities:
lw-91>2
w-9>2orw-9<-2
w > 1 1o r w < 7
Iw-6 |<3
-3<tv-6<3
3<w<9
So w is between 3 and9, andeitherlessthan7 or greater
than11,Anynumber
between3 and7 willsatisfybothinequalities,so anyoneof themis a validanswer.
5
1 0 . 2.5or i
z
Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:In geometryproblems, it oftenpaysto lookfor hiddenspecial
righttriangles.
Gettingto the Answer:Let S be the point(1,0) anddrawin PS and FS.

Sincethe lengthsof FSand PSare3 and4 respectively, PRSmustbe a 3 : 4 : 5

the lengthof PQ is 2.5'
righttriangleind the lengthof mustbe 5. Therefore,
Youcouldalsosolvethisproblemusingthe distanceformula:
eq=@=@-V9+10=\/2s=5
6
FSAT Halfof thisis :- = 2.5.
PracticeTest 1
a a a a a a a a a a a
26
11. 720 P{SAT
Category:Arithmetic Pr:actice Test 1
a a a a a a a a a o o

Difficulty:Low 27
problems,
StrategicAdvice:In Percents be surethatyouare solvingfor the correct
percentof thewhole.
Gettingto the Answer:Janespent40"/o so shespent100%- 4Ooh
on furniture, =
60%on otherthings.Hertotalexpenditure
was$1,200,so Janespent0.60(91,200)
= $720on theotheritems.Gridin 720.

12. 287
Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Whena problemcontainsmultiplestepsand manypiecesof
information,alwaysapproachit stepby step,beginning
withthe mostconcrete
piece.
Gettingto the Answer:The mostconcretepieceof information is thatthe areaof
triangleVYZis41.Theareaof anytriangleis Sinceallthe
] {Oase)(height).
triangles in thefigurehavethesameheight, the ratioof theirareasis equalto the
ratioof the lengthof theirbases.Therefore,to findthe areaof triangleVWZ,first
findthe ratioof the lengthof WZIo the lengthof YZ.The problemtellsyouthatXY
= 2(Y4 and WX= z(XY = 4(Y4, so WZ= YZ+ 2(YZ)+ a(Z'1 = 7(Y4. The ratioof
YZto WZis 1 to 7 andthe ratioof the areasof trianglesVYZand VWZmustalso
be 1 to 7. Theareaof triangleVYZ= 41, so tireareaof triangleVWZmustequal41
x7 =287.
?
13. O c y . i o r O c y < . 7 5
Category:Algebra
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Whena problempresentsan inequality in a formthatyouare not
comfortable with,firstconvertit intoa formthatyouare comfortable with.
Gettingto the Answer:Beginby examining eachpieceof the inequality
by itself.
Since1, +, y mustbe positive as negativevaluesof y cannotmakethis
v
trueand)z= 0 renders
inequality thefraction
undefined.Multiplying bothsidesof
thisinequality
by the positive
quantity
y keepsthedirection
of the inequality
the
same,so 3 > 4.pDividebothsidesby' 4 to seethat1,
4 ,.The problemalsotells
youthat4 > Y,butthisdoesnot restricty anyfurther.Becausey mustalsobe
positive,
gridin anyvalueof y betweenOanOl.
4
1 4 . 224
Category:Geometry
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:Whena geometryproblemcontainsmultiple
figures,transfer
informationfromonefigureto theother.
 Gettingto the Answer:

Callthe hypotenuse
of the smallertrianglev and usethe Pythagorean
Theoremto
solvefor f:
v2=42+82
rf=16+64
f=80
Nowplugthisvalueintotheformulafor the largertriangle:
f=f+122
.f=80+144
*=224
Stophere-the questionis askinglor f , not x,

15. f, orr.ss
Category:Algebra
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:Don'tworryaboutsymbolsthatyou'veneverseen,Thetest
makermadethemup,andthey'llbe definedin thequestion,Plugin the valuesand
tacklethe problempieceby piece.
Gettingto the Answer:Thedefiningequationtellsyouthatreplacing
all instances
of ywith 5 willresultin a valueof Plugin 5 toryand thencrossmultiply
to
#,
solvefor x
xy _10
3x+2y 21
x(5) _ 10
3x + 2(5) 21
5x 10
grr**=-
1 0 5 x =3 0 x + 1 0 0
75x- 100
' 100
'=
7s
4
"= g
4
Gri di n ; o r 1 .3 3 .
c

16. 3 Category:Arithmetic
Difficulty:Medium
StrategicAdvice:In questions thataskfor the medianof a groupof numbers,
rewritethe numbersin increasing orderto makeit easierto spotthe median.
Gettingto the Answer:Rewrite these5 numbers order:3,4,5, 12,
in increasing
P{SAT plugthe
PracticeTest 1 16.The medianof thislistis the middlenumber,5. Tofindtheiraverage,
a a a a a a a a a a a
2A listof numbersintothe average formula:
 s u m o f t e r m s3 + 4 + 5 + 1 2 + 1 6- 4 0 - o PISAT
4V€f4$e = - 9
Practice
'fest
1
numberof terms 5 -
c a a a a a o o o a a a

The differencebetweenthe averageandthe medianis 8 - 5 = 3. 29

17. 36 Gategory:Geometry
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:Whena geometryproblemprovidesmoreinformation thanits
accompanying figure,add the additional
information
to thefigureto makethe
problemmoreconcrete.
Gettingto the Answer:

't+,otla,oi
?o,or
Draw in OA, then drop a perpendicularfrom point4 (4, 6) to the x-axis.The
perpendicular meetsthe x-axisat (4, 0), dividingthe quadrilateral
into righttriangle
OAD and rectangleABCD. To find the area of OABC,first find the areas of OAD
and ABCD.
The endpointsof the triangle'sbase are (0, 0) and (4, 0), so its lengthis 4. The
endpointsof the triangle'sheightare (4,0) and (4, 6), so its lengthis 6. The areaof
thistriangle t+ltOl(l)= rz.
is therefore
\zl
Nowfindthe areaof the rectangle. The endpoints of the rectangle's
baseare (4, 0)
and(8,0),so its lengthis 4. The rectanglehasthesameheightas thetriangle, 6.
Theareaof the rectangle 4 x 6 = 24 andthe areaof quadrilateral
is therefore
OABCis 12 + 24 = 36.

18. 2 < d < 6

Category:Geometry
Difficulty:High
StrategicAdvice:Whena geometryproblemdoesn'tincludea figure,drawyour
own.lf therearemultiple possibilities,
drawmultiple figures.
Gettingto the Answer:Thecircumference of a circleis 2rrr.circleA's
circumferenceis 4rr,so its radiusmustbe 2. CircleBs circumference is 8rr.so its
radiusmustbe 4.

lf thetwocirclestouchedat justonepointwithcircleA insideof circle8, the

distancefromthe centerof circleA to the centerof circleB wouldbe 4 - 2 = 2.
ShiftingcircleA slightly
to therightwouldresultin thecirclesintersecting
at two
pointsand a distancegreaterthan2.