FIELD INVESTIGATION

Site works included drilling, SPT test, disturbed and undisturbed samples sampling.

Drilling

The type of drill used was RWB. A cutting tool was attached at the lower end of the drilling rod.
Drilling can be advanced by continuously rotating the drilling rod while water or drilling mud
was pumped down the drill rods to wash soil cuttings to ground level.

Standard Penetration Test (SPT)

SPT test was carried out in accordance with BS5930:1990 to obtain rapid empirical results
which can be used estimate shear strength and bearing capacity. SPT samples were collected
for the classification of soil types.

The SPT was conducted at basically 1.5m intervals or as indicated by the employer.

The SPT consists of driving a split barrel to obtain a disturbed sample of the soil penetrated.

Recorded the initial penetration under dead-weight and if penetration is over 450mm, the N
value is recorded as zero. If less that 450m, seating drive and test drive are to be continued.

Seating drive: number of blows for first 150mm penetration. If 50blows are required before
150mm penetration is reached, record penetration ad terminate seating drive.

Test drive: number of blows for further penetration of 300mm and recorded as penetration
resistance (N) value. If 50 blows are required before 300mm penetration is reached, then
penetration for 50blows are recorded and terminated test drive.

Disturbed Samples

Disturbed samples were taken from boreholes using spoon barrel. The samples were placed
immediately in a wide mouth, air tight screw-top clear plastic jar or air-tight plastic bag. The
sample identification was then labelled properly.

Undisturbed Samples

Undisturbed samples were collected by using thin-wall sampler. The samples were cleaned
and sealed with labelling for identification of samples.
CONCLUSION

Based on the testing that conducted from field site investigation to laboratory testing, the
ground conditions of the site are concluded that the ground soil profiles are made up of very
soft sandy clay to very dense gravelly sand, medium grey to medium grey with some brownish
yellow. As referring to probable geotechnical profile as attached in Appendix B, the soil is
comprised of very soft clay and with some sand until 16.50m. Next, from soil level of 16.50m
to 22.50m, the soil is transited from soft to firm sandy clay. The soil formed from 22.50m to
the end of Borehole 2 at 39.14m is from sandy silt to very dense gravelly sand.

From the presentation of detailed results obtained, engineers are able to make appropriate
considerations on the design of foundations from different aspects such as type of foundation
used (shallow or deep foundation), depth required and etc during construction to ensure safe,
economic and sustainable of the construction to the consumers.