Topics to be covered:

 Summary
 Introduction
 Literature review
 Impact of pollution on environment
 Sources of pollution
 Types of pollution
 Research design/Methodology
 Effect & solution on environment
 Consequences of pollution on human
health.
 Effect on global warming
 Depletion of ozone layer
 Sampling size
 Control & prevention on pollution
 Hypothesis Testing
 Decomposition & biodegradable
 Data Analysis/Interpretation
 Limitation of Study
 Conclusion
 Reference
 Questionnaire

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 Summary
The Pollution Prevention Act focused industry, government,
and public attention on reducing the amount of pollution
through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and
raw materials use. Opportunities for source reduction are often
not realized because of existing regulations, and the industrial
resources required for compliance, focus on treatment and
disposal.
Source reduction is fundamentally different and more
desirable than waste management or pollution control. Source
reduction refers to practices that reduce hazardous substances
from being released into the environment prior to recycling,
treatment or disposal. The term includes equipment or
technology modifications, process or procedure modifications,
reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw
materials, and improvements in housekeeping, maintenance,
training, or inventory control.
The Committee wishes to
emphasize that our atmosphere connects all regions of the
globe, and pollution emissions within any country can affect
populations, ecosystems, and climate properties well beyond
national borders. Likewise, measures taken to decrease
emissions in any region can have benefits that are distributed
across the Northern Hemisphere.

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 Introduction

Pollution is a necessary evil of all development. Due to lack of

development of a culture of pollution control, there has resulted a
heavy backlog of gaseous, liquid and solid pollution in environment.
It has to be cleaned. Pollution control is a recent environmental
concern. Pollution is a man-made problem, mainly of effluent
countries.

The developed countries have been exploiting every bit of natural

resource to convert them into goods for their comfort, and to export
them to needy developing world. In doing so, the industrialized
countries dump lot of materials in their environment which becomes
polluted. In one-way pollution has been “exported” to developing
countries and around the world.

Pollution is an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or

biological characteristics of air, water and soil that may harmfully
affect the life or create potential health hazard of any living
organism. Pollution is thus direct or indirect change in any
component of the biosphere that is harmful to the living
components and in particular undesirable for man, affecting
adversely the industrial progress, cultural and natural assets or
general environment of living society.

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Pollutant Any substance which causes pollution is called a
pollutant. A Pollutant may thus include any chemical or geochemical
(dust, sediment, grit etc.) substance, biotic component or its
product, or physical factor (heat) that is released intentionally by
man into the environment in such a concentration that may have
adverse harmful or unpleasant effects.

A Pollutant has also been defined as “any solid, liquid or gaseous

substance present in such concentration as may be or tend to be
injurious to the environment.” Pollutants are the residues of things
we use and throw away. There are many sources of such pollutants.
The lakes and rivers are polluted by water from chemical and other
factories, and the air by gases of automobile exhausts, industries,
thermal power plants etc.

 Types of pollutant
1) Deposited matter. Smoke, tar, dust, etc.

2) Gases. Oxides of nitrogen (NO, NO,), Sulphur (SO,), carbon

monoxide, halogens, (chlorine, bromine, iodine)

3) Acids droplets. Sulphuric acid, nitric acid etc.

4) Fluorides

5) Metals. Mercury, lead, iron, zinc, nickel, tin, cadmium,

chromium etc.

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 6) Agrochemicals. Biocides (like pesticides, herbicides, fungicides,
nematicides, bactericides, weedicides etc. and fertilizers.

 Literature review
The current status of the research of report is been as on the
purpose of effect of pollution on the environment, human health
and as well as global warming. Which is directly effecting the
environment of earth and depletion of ozone layer which is being
becoming most harmful for the earth surrounding. The major issue
which is being measured on the daily basis, the graphical
measurement of increasing the pollution as in the multiple percent
of pollution in each year which is increasing a large number of
patient relate to human disease mainly in the respiratory system.

Hence, such kind of impact

which not only effecting the environment as well as human health in
the directly or the indirectly form. The most commonly known
difficulty which is seen every were in planet is pollution which is
being increasing in the way of increasing number of population day
by day because in such case this variant can been as one most
known-factor of increasing pollution. In the development of Indian
country there’s a lot of developing program is prepared a which is
giving birth to industrial waste on the substance of harmful
chemical, bio chemical waste and Gases. Oxides of nitrogen (NO,

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NO,), Sulphur (SO,), carbon monoxide, halogens, (chlorine, bromine,
iodine) Acids droplets. Sulphuric acid, nitric acid etc. Fluorides
Metals. Mercury, lead, iron, zinc, nickel, tin, cadmium, chromium
etc.

 Impact of pollution on environment

Along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety
of environmental effects: Acid rain is precipitation containing
harmful amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. These acids are formed
primarily by nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides released into the
atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.

Environmental pollution has existed for centuries but only started to

be significant following the industrial revolution in the
19th century. Pollution occurs when the natural environment cannot
destroy an element without creating harm or damage to itself. The
elements involved are not produced by nature, and the destroying
process can vary from a few days to thousands of years (that is, for
instance, the case for radioactive pollutants). In other words,
pollution takes place when nature does not know how to
decompose an element that has been brought to it in an unnatural
way.

Pollution must be taken seriously, as it has a negative effect on

natural elements that are an absolute need for life to exist on earth,

6
such as water and air. Indeed, without it, or if they were present on
different quantities, animals – including humans – and plants could
not survive. We can identify several types of pollution on Earth: air
pollution, water pollution and soil pollution.

 Sources of pollution
source pollution is defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) as “any single identifiable source of pollution from
which pollutants are discharged Another way of classifying
pollution is by the sector of human activity that produces it. Before
we look at the various sectors, there is an important distinction to
be made about pollution sources. Sources of pollution can be
categorized as point or non-point sources.

Point sources are identifiable points or places that you can easily
locate. An example is a diesel truck that produces visible black
exhaust fumes from its tailpipe. Liquid waste released from a pipe
into a river.

A non-point source also known as diffuse pollution is one where it

is difficult to identify the exact origin of the pollution. A good
example is floodwater that washes all types of waste from the land
(possibly including faucal matter) into a river. In this situation you
cannot identify the individual or household or establishment that
has caused the water pollution.

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 Types of pollution
1) Air pollution
2) Water pollution
3) Soil pollution
4) Noise pollution
5) Radioactive pollution
6) Light pollution
7) Thermal pollution
8) Visual pollution

Air pollution
is the contamination of the natural air by mixing it with
different pollutants such as harmful fumes and chemicals. This
contamination can be caused by gases emitted by vehicles or from
burning material or harmful fumes emitted as a byproduct of
industries. The higher the concentration of air pollutants, the harder
it to remove it effectively through natural cycles. The higher
concentrations also result in breathing problems for living things.
Some effects include increase in smog, higher rain acidity, crop
depletion from inadequate oxygen, and higher rates of asthma.
According to experts, global warming is one of the biggest side
effects of air pollution.

Water pollution
is the contamination of the water on Earth. It includes
contamination by pollutants such as chemical, bacterial or
particulate that reduces the purity of the water. Oil seepage as well
as littering is one of the most common forms of pollution. Water
pollution occurs in lakes, oceans, rivers and even underground
reservoirs. Water pollution is one of the most dangerous from of

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pollution as it decreases the amount of drinkable water that is
available. It can also reduce the amount of water that can be used
for irrigation as well as harm the wildlife that depend on the water.

Soil pollution
also known as land pollution is the contamination of
the soil or the land that prevents growth of natural life, which
includes land used for cultivating, wildlife as well as habitation.
Common causes of soil pollution include non-sustainable farming
practices, hazardous wastage and seepage into the soil, mining as
well as littering. Soil pollution can result in reduced growth of
agriculture as well as poisoning of the land and nearby water.

Noise pollution

is the loud noises that is created by human activity that disrupts the
standard of living in the affected area. Pollution can stem from
things such as traffic, railroads, concerts, loud music, airplanes,
fireworks etc. Any noise that disrupts the ability of a person to
perform can be termed as noise pollution. This can result in
temporary or permanent loss of hearing as well as disturbances to
wildlife.

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Radioactive pollution

This is one of the most dangerous forms of

pollution as it is extremely harmful and can even result in death. This
type of pollution has risen in the 20 th century with the rise of atomic
physics and nuclear weapons. Radioactive pollution results in the
pollution of the air and land with radioactive poisoning. It can
happen from leakages or accidents at nuclear power plants, as well
as from improper disposal of nuclear waste. This pollution results in
birth defects, cancer, deteriorating of health and even death.

Light pollution

is the over illumination of a certain area that is

considered as obtrusive It is considered pollution especially when it
interferes with astronomical observation. The most common way to
determine if an area is polluted is to look at the stars, if you can see
them your area is not so polluted. Pollution includes large lighted
cities, billboards and other advertising, and nighttime
entertainment.

Thermal pollution

is when the temperature increases in a particular

area over time. This heat is often caused by air pollution and the
release of carbon gasses in that area that traps more heat on the

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Earth. The earth has a natural thermal cycle, but excessive
temperatures can result in long term effects. The rising
temperatures can be a result of deforestation, power plants, high
carbon footprint, etc. While, slight changes in temperature is
common in nature, faster changes in the temperature can result in
loss of wildlife as well as reduction of water.

Visual pollution

Although not a life threatening form of pollution, it

can be considered as unappealing to the eyesight. This form of
pollution is when there are obstructions to views caused by
billboards, power lines, construction areas and even high rises. It
does not have immediate health effects but can have slow effects.
All pollution is interrelated and indirectly can be a cause for each
other. Such as air pollution has a direct relation to thermal pollution.
Light pollution is caused by energy companies that require burning
fossil fuels, which in turn increase air pollution, which in turn
increases water pollution. As one can see, there is a correlation
between all the types of pollution.

Fighting pollution might seem like a daunting task for one person,
even doing a little bit often helps. Reduce water wastage or
consuming less light or even not littering can result in reducing
pollution massively.

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 Research Design/ Methodology

 Effect on environment
The polluting gases mentioned above have an interesting effect
on climate. Essentially, these gases form a veil around the planet
which holds heat in, increasing the overall temperature of the
planet. The rise in planetary temperature, or global warming, is not
immediately noticeable. However, even a rise of a few degrees’
Centigrade causes catastrophic changes in weather. This is
happening now.

Pollen has increased. It is ironic, but even with fewer trees in the
world; the increase of carbon dioxide emissions induces plants
such as ragweed and many trees to produce more pollen than
ever before. This has resulted in rampant allergies across the
world, affecting the health of billions of people.
One of the solutions to tamp out carbon monoxide emissions
from coal burning power plants was and still is to use radioactive
power plants. While this does cut down on gas emissions
significantly, there is radioactive waste which causes various
cancers to bloom in major cities and small towns all around while
destroying ecosystems entirely.
Global temperature has risen significantly over the years. The
protective atmosphere is further being polluted by methane gas
released from melting icecaps. This is causing rampant weather
issues around the planet.

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 Solution of effect on environment
Gas emission pollution is being mitigated in a variety of ways with
car emission control, electric and hybrid vehicles and public
transportation systems. Not all major cities have successful
implementation and decent public transportation in place, but
the world is working on this issue constantly and we have
managed to reduce emissions profoundly over the last decade.
There is much catching up to do.

The cost of radioactive power plants is becoming apparent and

the days of coal power plants are nearly dead. The radiation is a
serious issue. Radioactive leakage from power plants and nuclear
testing have already contaminated oceanic life to such a degree
that it will take hundreds of years to return to normal. More
radiation solutions are in the works with various ecologically
friendly power technologies being built every day.

Solar power is a fantastic solution. Now that solar radiation is at

a climactic peak, we can reap power from the sun using solar
panel systems. These range from home systems to larger scale
systems powering entire communities and cities.

Wind power is coming into play. This may not seem like much at
first, but when you get about 100 feet off the ground, there is a
great deal of wind up there. By building wind turbines to harvest

13
 natural wind energy, electricity is produced. Wind turbine power
and solar power are both powerful forces against fossil fuel
power and radioactive power. The one problem here is power
companies. They want to stay with radioactive power plants
because they actually can’t be removed. It has become the
crusades of many individuals and small corporations to make the
switch and there are plenty of people following this as
populations cry out for help.

Electromagnetic radiation (ER) reduction. Once major

manufacturers of computers and electronic devices realized the
blatant potential for huge ER emissions directly into the eyes and
brains of users, they started to implement hardware protocols to
minimize risks and reduce ER production significantly. Newer
devices are in the lead to knock this problem out and,
fortunately, this is working.

 Consequences of pollution on human health

Some environmental poisons can cause acute illness and even death.
Others may be harmful, but the disease may take years or even
decades to appear. Air pollution mainly affects the respiratory
system.

Bronchitis, emphysema, asthma and lung cancer are some of the

chronic diseases caused due to exposure to polluted air. It is feared
that lung cancer is caused mainly due to polluted air because
carcinogens are found in it. Its mortality rate is higher in urban areas.

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shows the various effects of air pollution on the human body. Sulfur
dioxide is the most serious and widespread air pollutant. Its lower
concentration is a cause of spasms in the smooth muscle of
bronchioles and its higher concentration induces increased mucus
production.

Sulfur dioxide is also considered to cause cough,

shortness of breath, spasm of the larynx and acute irritation to the
membranes of the eyes. It also acts as an allergenic agent. When it
reacts with some compounds, sulfuric acid is formed which may
damage lungs. Carbon monoxide often affects the oxygen carrying
capacity of blood. Nitric oxide is reported to be a pulmonary irritant
and its excess concentration may cause pulmonary hemorrhage.

Hydrogen sulfide is also toxic. Lead emitted from automobile

exhausts is a cumulative poison and is dangerous particularly to
children and may cause brain damage.

On Animal & Plant:

The impact of air pollution on animals is more or less similar to that
on man. Chronic poisoning results from the ingestion of forage
contaminated with atmospheric pollutants. Among the metallic
contaminants, arsenic, lead and molybdenum are important.
Fluoride is another pollutant, which causes fluorosis among animals.

A number of livestock have been poisoned by fluorides and arsenic

in North America. Bone lesions in animals due to excessive fluorides
have also been reported.

Air pollution has caused widespread damage to trees, fruits,

vegetables, flowers and in general, vegetation as a whole. The total

15
annual cost of plant damage caused by air pollution in USA alone has
been estimated to be in the range of 1 to 2 billion dollars. The most
dramatic early instances of plant damage were seen in the total
destruction of vegetation by sulfur dioxide in the areas surrounding
smelters.

When the absorption of sulfur dioxide exceeds a particular level, the

cells become inactive and are killed, resulting in tissue collapse and
drying of leaves. Cotton, wheat, barley and apple are more sensitive
to this pollutant.

On Atmosphere:
Some of the effects of air pollution on atmospheric conditions, such
as effect on ozone layer, greenhouse effect, etc., have already been
discussed. There is an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration
in the air due to increased combustion of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide
absorbs heat strongly and the radiative cooling effect of the earth is
thus decreased.

The rising of temperatures and ozone holes are some of the

problems which have attracted the attention of the scientists all over
the world. These problems are not related to any region or a country
but are the global problems and their impact on world climate may
be hazardous to the whole world.

The local weather conditions are highly susceptible to air pollution.

Its impact on temperature, humidity, rainfall and clouds is apparent.
The ‘smog Dom’ on large urban centers is the result of air pollution.
Due to air pollution, visibility also reduces.

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 Effect on global warming
1.Global Warming Cause Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel
burning power plants: Our ever increasing addiction to electricity
from coal burning power plants releases enormous amounts of
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 40% of U.S. CO2 emissions
come from electricity production, and burning coal accounts for 93%
of emissions from the electric utility industry. Every day, more
electric gadgets flood the market, and without widespread
alternative energy sources, we are highly dependent on burning coal
for our personal and commercial electrical supply.

2. Global Warming Cause Carbon dioxide emissions from burning

gasoline for transportation: Our modern car culture and appetite
for globally sourced goods is responsible for about 33% of emissions
in the U.S. With our population growing at an alarming rate, the
demand for more cars and consumer goods means that we are
increasing the use of fossil fuels for transportation and
manufacturing. Our consumption is outpacing our discoveries of
ways to mitigate the effects, with no end in sight to our massive
consumer culture.

3.Global Warming Cause Methane emissions

from animals, agriculture such as rice paddies, and from Arctic
seabed’s: Methane is another extremely potent greenhouse gas,
ranking right behind CO2. When organic matter is broken down by
bacteria under oxygen-starved conditions (anaerobic
decomposition) as in rice paddies, methane is produced. The process
also takes place in the intestines of herbivorous animals, and with
the increase in the amount of concentrated livestock production, the

17
levels of methane released into the atmosphere is increasing.
Another source of methane is methane clathrate, a compound
containing large amounts of methane trapped in the crystal
structure of ice. As methane escapes from the Arctic seabed, the
rate of global warming will increase significantly.

4. Global Warming Cause: Deforestation, especially tropical forests

for wood, pulp, and farmland: The use of forests for fuel (both wood
and for charcoal) is one cause of deforestation, but in the first world,
our appetite for wood and paper products, our consumption of
livestock grazed on former forest land, and the use of tropical forest
lands for commodities like palm oil plantations contributes to the
mass deforestation of our world. Forests remove and store carbon
dioxide from the atmosphere, and this deforestation releases large
amounts of carbon, as well as reducing the amount of carbon
capture on the planet.

5. Global Warming Cause: Increase in usage of chemical fertilizers

on croplands : In the last half of the 20th century, the use
of chemical fertilizers (as opposed to the historical use of animal
manure) has risen dramatically. The high rate of application of
nitrogen-rich fertilizers has effects on the heat storage of cropland
(nitrogen oxides have 300 times more heat-trapping capacity per
unit of volume than carbon dioxide) and the run-off of excess
fertilizers creates ‘dead-zones’ in our oceans. In addition to these
effects, high nitrate levels in groundwater due to over-fertilization
are cause for concern for human health.

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6. Global Warming Effect: Rise in sea levels worldwide: Scientists
predict an increase in sea levels worldwide due to the melting of two
massive ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, especially on
the East coast of the U.S. However, many nations around the world
will experience the effects of rising sea levels, which could displace
millions of people. One nation, the Maldives, is already looking for a
new home, thanks to rising sea levels.

7. Global Warming Effect: More killer storms: The severity of storms

such as hurricanes and cyclones is increasing, in Nature found.

8. Global Warming Effect: Massive crop failures: According to

recent research, there is a 90% chance that 3 billion people
worldwide will have to choose between moving their families to
milder climes and going hungry due to climate change within 100
years. One of the main causes of this will be the spread of
desertification, and its accompanying effects.

9. Global Warming Effect Widespread extinction of species:

According to research published in Nature, by 2050, rising
temperatures could lead to the extinction of more than a million
species. And because we can’t exist without a diverse population of
species on Earth, this is scary news for humans.
This 6th mass extinction is
really just a continuation of the Holocene extinction which began at
the end of the last ice age and has resulted in the extinction of nearly
all of the Earth’s megafauna animals, largely as a result of human-
expansion.

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10. Global Warming Effect Disappearance of coral reefs: that in a
worst case, coral populations will collapse by 2100 due to increased
temperatures and ocean acidification and its effects. The ‘bleaching’
of corals from small but prolonged rises in sea temperature is a
severe danger for ocean ecosystems, and many other species in the
oceans rely on coral reefs for their survival.

 Depletion of ozone layer

The decrease in ozone concentration in the

middle layers of the atmosphere – mainly in the stratosphere – is
extremely damaging to life on earth, and is largely caused by
emissions of halogenated hydrocarbons produced by man, CFCs,
HCFCs, halons, carbon tetrachloride and methyl bromide. For this
reason, such substances are commonly referred to as Substances
that Deplete the Ozone Layer (ODS).

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFSs)They are compounds formed by

chlorine, fluorine and carbon. They are often used as refrigerants,
solvents, and for the manufacture of spongy plastics. The most
common are CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, and CFC-115 which
respectively have an ozone depletion potential of 1, 1, 0.8, 1, and
0.6.

Chlorofluo carbons, the chemicals used as the propellant for aerosol

cans and Bromofluo carbons, Halon, are destroying the earth’s
Ozone layer. These chemicals were used in Freon and for fighting

20
fires. Manufactures thought the chemicals were inert and not
harmful to the environment.

When the chemicals reached the earth’s stratosphere, they reacted

with Ultraviolet radiation, which caused them to break down and
release Chlorine and Bromine into the earth’s ozone layer. The
Ozone layer protects the earth from UV-B Rays. The chemicals
caused a reaction, which made the ozone layer break down into pure
oxygen. The layer lost its shielding effect from the suns UV rays. The
Bromine and Chlorine kept interacting with the ozone molecules
until they eventually left the ozone layer to bond with other
compounds.

Hydro chlorofluorocarbon (HCFSs)Compounds formed by H, Cl, F

and C. They are being used as substitutes for CFCs because many of
their properties are similar and are less harmful to ozone by having
a shorter half-life and releasing fewer Cl atoms. Decreases are
between 0.01 and 0.1. But as they remain harmful to the ozone
layer, they are considered only a temporary solution and their use
has been banned in developed countries since the year 1930.

Halons They are compounds formed by Br, F and C. Because of their

ability to put out fires are used in fire extinguishers, although their
manufacture and use is prohibited in many countries because of
their ozone-depleting action. Their ability to harm the ozone layer is
very high because they contain Br which is a much more effective
atom destroying ozone than the Cl. Thus, halon 1301 and halon 1211
have ozone depletion potentials of 13 and 4 respectively.

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Methyl bromide (CH3Br) It is a very effective pesticide that is used
to fumigate soils and in many crops. Given its content in Br damages
the ozone layer and has an ozone depletion potential of 0.6. In many
countries dates have been set around 2000, from which it will be
banned.

Carbon tetra-chloride (CCI4) It is a compound that has been widely

used as a raw material in many industries, for example, to
manufacture CFCs and as a solvent. It was no longer used as a solvent
when it was found to be carcinogenic. It is also used as catalysts in
certain processes where chlorine ions need to be released. Its ozone
depletion potential is 1.2.

 Sampling size
 Control & Prevention on pollution
1.Combustible solid wastes should be burnt in incinerators. This
method does not solve the problem in a real sense because in this,
solid waste is being converted into gaseous wastes causing air
pollution. Unless it is properly controlled, incineration may cause
more nuisance.

2. Solid organic wastes including faucal matter and wastes from

tanneries should be converted into compost manure at the places
far away from the cities and human dwellings. The composting
should be done in pits or in heaps adequately covered with layers of
soil at least 8-10 cm thick to prevent fly breeding and rat menace
which are important carriers of various diseases.

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3. Non-combustible solid waste materials like ash, rubbish, tins, glass
pieces if not recoverable for usual purposes should be disposed of
by landfill method in low-lying areas.

4. Anaerobic septic tank treatment can be used for individual houses

or small communities. Besides, aerobic biological treatment systems
including trickling filters, activated sludge treatment and oxidation
ponds can also be used for liquid wastes or sewage disposal.

5. Automobiles must be either made to eliminate use of gasoline and

diesel oil or complete combustion is obtained in the engine so that
noxious compounds are not emitted. The automobiles, trucks and
other transport systems must have an antismog device. In some
countries factories are using devices like scrubbers, cyclone
separators or electrostatic precipitators to minimize pollution.

6. There should be cut back in the use of fertilizers, herbicides,

pesticides and other agrochemicals as far as possible.

7. Excessive and undesirable burning of vegetation should be

stopped.

8. Sponges and towels should be used in place of paper towels and

also the use of paper cups and plates and similar materials should be
stopped.

9. Little use of electric appliances and motor-nm appliances will

reduce thermal pollution.

10. Washing soda and scouring pad should be used instead of

detergents.

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11. Waste management is based on principle of ‘3Rs’ i.e. Reduce,
Recycle and Reuse. Used boxes, bags, plastics and bottles should be
reused whenever possible.

12. Since about 40% of the phosphates in water pollution comes

from detergent, it has been suggested that only detergents low in
phosphates should be used.

13. Shampoos, lotions and similar products should not be bought in

plastic bottles. It has recently been suggested that use of plastic
containers and glasses may cause cancer.

14. Smoking should be stopped (there is 5, 00,000-ton tobacco

pollution annually).

15. Proper attention should be given by the government to make

people realize the implications of environmental problem.

Hypothesis Testing

 Decomposition & Biodegradable

Decomposition The wastes, which have explosiveness, toxicity,
infectious, and possibility to cause damage to other people's health
and environments, are provided the special management municipal
wastes or the special management industry wastes. All the
treatment processes from collection to disposal is done under strict
management. In this report, we focus on the inorganic and organic
experimental waste fluid and the infectious waste among the special

24
management municipal waste or industry waste, because of the
similar toxic and chemical characteristics to that of biological and
chemical weapons. Understanding how the decomposition and
treatment of these wastes are actually done, we clarify the issues of
the hazardous waste management and discuss on the possibility to
develop the new degradation and treatment method for biological
and chemical weapons.

Biodegradable These unwanted, harmful components make the

environment polluted. This is called pollution. Thus, any undesirable
change of the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of the
environment, which is harmful to man directly or indirectly through
animals, plants, industrial units or raw materials, is called pollution.
The substance which contaminates air, water and soil are called
pollutants.

The pollutants can be classified into two groups:

1. Biodegradable pollutants: Those pollutants which can be broken

down into simpler, harmless, substances in nature in due course of
time (by the action of micro-organisms like certain bacteria) are
called biodegradable pollutants. Domestic wastes (garbage), urine,
faucal matter, sewage, agriculture residues, paper, wood, cloth,
cattle dung, animal bones, leather, wool, vegetable stuff or plants
are biodegradable pollutants.

2. Non-biodegradable: pollutants: Those pollutants which cannot

be broken down into simpler, harmless substances in nature, are
called non-biodegradable pollutants. DDT, plastics, polythene, bags,
insecticides, pesticides, mercury, lead, arsenic, metal articles like

25
aluminum cans, synthetic fibers, glass objects, iron products and
silver foils are non-biodegradable pollutants.

 Data Analysis/Interpretation

EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON HUMAN

POLLUTION WITH NUMBER OF VEHICLE

26
NUMBER OF POLLUTED CITIES

27
Table showing the amount of Pollutant generated due to
Bio-Mass burning across various States of India

28
 Limitation of Study
Due to time and cost constraints we could not deploy a primary
source for data collection. We were not in a position to deploy
primary pollution data collection by deploying near ground level
monitoring system that are typically used in advanced countries
for such Pollution studies.
They help accur ately capture the level pollution contri buted
maximum by plastic, garbage etc.
we had to live with a very small data size rendering the data
unusable for any kind of analysis.
Since the Analysis & Mode ls were built specifically for all state
level of pollution.
Since the Models were built on rather small data size (about a
year), the models need to be strengthened with data. Till then,
the Models are likely to work in a larger range, the variance is
likely to be higher.

29
 Conclusion
The only reason of these research report is to improve the
environment condition is being getting damage day-by-day with
hazardous, bio product and chemical waste which is being produced
in such harmful way. In current 21th century and our upcoming
generation has to face such thing if they have not taken a serious
action against such issue, and this is going to create a lots of trouble
and harmful damage to human health as well as environment of the
earth.
Since, the causes of pollution have some lots demerits which
can bring a dangerous and destruction consequences for our life.so,
the only reason of this report on seeing the pollution of surrounding
to take a prevention over pollution and create an eco-friendly
environment and stop using plastic bags and stop cutting down the
three and from now we will plant a one tree to protect us and our
coming generation and earth.

 Reference
The source of this research is been prepared from book POLLUTION-
Opposing viewpoint, internet and survey in the local area of Kanpur
city which is one name from the list of most polluted city just
because this is the junkyard of old lather producing company and
they were collapse due to some reason. In current time the problem
related with the pollution and pollutant which is nowhere days
become a big problem.

30
 QUESTIONNAIRE

All THE ANSWER SHOULD BE MADE IN

(√) Yes Or (×) No

RESPONDENT

1.The research data of these report is measured in which form

of the sources:
[ ] Primary Data research sources
[ ] Secondary Data research sources
[ ] Other
[ ] None of the above

31
PERSONAL PROFILE

Name: Arvind Kumar Arya Age: 20

Address: C.S.J.M.U Campus Boys Hostel
Kanpur, Pin Code-208024 Department: MBA (F.T) 2nd Sem
Occupation: (PGDM) Student Sex: Male

1.are you an:

[ ] Self-owned Business
[ ] Employer
[ ] Employee
[ ] Student
[ ] None of above.

2.What is your income level: (per Month)

[ ] Below Rs.10, 000
[ ] Rs 10,000- Rs 20,000
[ ] Rs 20,000- Rs 30,000
[ ] Rs 30,000- Rs 40,000
[ ] Rs 40,000- Rs 50,000
[ ] None of above

3.Are You agree with above detail?

[ ] Yes [ ] No

32
Question

1.which type of research report is these:

[ ] Briefly
[ ] Merits & Demerits
[ ] Analytical & Graphical
[ ] Control
[ ] All of the above

2. What is it that attracts part of report. Give reasons to

support your answer:
[ ] Detailed
[ ] Analytical
[ ] None of above

3. How much you agree with detail:

[ ] Very strong [ ] Strong

[ ] Moderate [ ] Weak

33
OBJECTIVES

1.To make a control over effect, causes & merits, demerits

of pollution:

[ ] Describes the effect of pollution

[ ] Merits & Demerits
[ ] Make control over pollution
[ ] Decomposition
[ ] All of the above

2.Do you think this is much sufficient:

[ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Maybe

MEASUREMENT

1.The report covers the pollution analysis in

Following:

[ ] Increases in
[ ] Decreases in
[ ] Both
[ ] Decomposition
[ ] All of above

34
ENDORSE SATISFACTION

As Per yours need of satisfaction level give your opinion

remarks;

[ ] BAD [ ] NOT BAD [ ] GOOD

[ ] VERY GOOD [ ] EXCELLENT

[ ] AMAZING

35
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