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Reactive Web Applications: Springone2Gx
Reactive Web Applications: Springone2Gx
Reactive Web Applications: Springone2Gx
WASHINGTON, DC
Unless otherwise indicated, these slides are © 2013-2014 Pivotal Software, Inc. and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
About the Speakers
• Stephane Maldini
• Reactor Project Lead
• Reactive Streams Spec contributor
• Rossen Stoyanchev
• Spring Framework committer
• Spring MVC
• WebSocket messaging (STOMP, SockJS)
Unless otherwise indicated these slides are © 2013-2014 Pivotal Software Inc. and licensed under a
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Why are you here ?
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What is Reactive ?
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Why Non Blocking Matters ?
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Non Blocking = Faster ?
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Non Blocking = Internet Scale ?
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Unless otherwise indicated these slides are © 2013-2014 Pivotal Software Inc. and licensed under a
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Reactive Web App Stack
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Servlet 3.0 Async Requests
• Async HTTP requests have been possible since Servlet 3.0
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Servlet 3.0 Async Requests: the bottom line
• A bit quirky, Servlet API wasn’t built for async
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Servlet 3.1 Non-Blocking I/O
• Read and write without blocking
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Servlet 3.1 Non-Blocking: the bottom line
• Carefully designed + it does provide non-blocking capability
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Reactive Streams Spec for the JVM
• Specification for non-blocking library interop
• governs exchange of data across async boundaries
• Collaborative effort
• Kaazing, Netflix, Pivotal, RedHat, Twiiter, Typesafe
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Reactive Streams API
onSubscribe
request(n) Subscriber
Publisher Subscription cancel()
onNext*
(onError|onComplete)?
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Reactive Back-Pressure
• A key part of Reactive Streams is back-pressure
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Reactive Streams for Network I/O
Publisher<byte[]> getBody();
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Instead of...
InputStream getBody();
OutputStream getBody();
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Reactive Streams over Servlet Runtime ?
• Servlet 3.1 provides the non-blocking capability
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Reactive Streams and Servlet 4.0 ???
• It is under discussion in the expert group
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Reactive Streams Over Netty
• Netty was designed from the ground up to be non-blocking
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Reactive Streams Network I/O
Akka HTTP, Vert.x, Ratpack, Reactor Net, RxNetty*
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Reactive
Web App Stack
Reactive Streams
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Web Framework
Reactive
Web App Stack
Reactive Streams
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Application
Web Framework
Reactive
Web App Stack
Reactive Streams
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HTTP
Reactive
Application Data
Streams
Broker
Web Framework
Reactive
Web App Stack
Reactive Streams
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HTTP
Application
? Reactive
Streams Data
Broker
?
Web Framework
API to compose
asynchronous
Reactive Streams
streams?
Netty, Servlet 3.1
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Working with Streams
• Non-blocking services return Publisher<T> instead of <T>
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Stream Operations
• Publisher represents a stream of data
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Reactor Stream
• Project Reactor provides a Stream API
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Reactive Extensions (Rx)
• Stream composition API based on Observer pattern
• originated at Microsoft, work by Erik Meijer
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RxJava and Reactive Streams
• RxJava 1.x predates Reactive Streams and doesn’t implement it directly
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Demo:
HeadFirst
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RxNetty
• RxJava as the reactive bridge to Netty IO operations
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RxNetty … what’s up
• RxNetty has introduced Backpressure support in 0.5
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Reactor Net
• Reactive Streams as the reactive bridge to Netty and ZeroMQ IO operations
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Member of the Reactor initiative
• Reactor is a maturing Reactive Streams suite of libraries
• As with a lot of the reactive libraries, observing a rapidly evolving set of API
projectreactor.io , github.com/reactor
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Demo:
Back-Pressure
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Async I/O with Reactive Streams
• Never block on Applications Queues :
Max(request) == Queue.capacity()
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Reactive Read
One read implementation : Publisher stop-read
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Reactive Write
One write implementation : Subscriber request after flush
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Serialization Concerns
• Subscription.request(n)is not absolute ( != bytes number )
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Demo:
Scatter-gather
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Spring Reactive
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Spring Reactive
• Experimental work for Spring Framework 5
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Reactive Streams Publisher
@RequestMapping("/capitalize")
@ResponseBody
public Publisher<Person> capitalize(@RequestBody Publisher<Person> persons) {
// …
}
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ 46
Reactor Stream
@RequestMapping("/capitalize")
@ResponseBody
public Stream<Person> capitalize(@RequestBody Stream<Person> persons) {
return persons.map(person -> {
person.setName(person.getName().toUpperCase());
return person;
});
}
Unless otherwise indicated these slides are © 2013-2014 Pivotal Software Inc. and licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ 47
RxJava Observable
@RequestMapping("/capitalize")
@ResponseBody
public Observable<Person> capitalize(@RequestBody Observable<Person> persons) {
return persons.map(person -> {
person.setName(person.getName().toUpperCase());
return person;
});
}
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ReactiveX On the Client Side
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RxJS
function() {
StreamService.connect("stream")
.flatMap(unpackCsv)
.subscribe(updateUI, logError, logComplete);
}
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Demo:
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