FABRICATION AND A DEMONSTRATION OF

AIR COMPRESSOR

Augmented Experiment Report

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted
By
M.Naveen M.Nameeth
17341A0366 17341A0370

M.Pavan Kumar M.Praveen Shyam Raj

17341A0368 17341A0371

M.Rama Krishna M.Bhargav

17341A0369 17341A0372

Under the esteemed guidance of

Mr.K.SIMHADRI
Asst. Professor
Dept. of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
GMRIT

Department of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous institute, affiliated to J.N.T.Universitykakinada)
NAAC “A” Graded, NBA Accredited, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution
G.M.R. Nagar, Rajam-532127, A.P
2018-19
 GMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous institute, affiliated to J.N.T. University Kakinada)
NAAC “A” Graded, NBA Accredited, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution
G.M.R. Nagar, Rajam-532127, A.P

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Mini Project report titled “FABRICATION & DEMONSTRATION
OF AIR COMPRESSOR” submitted by M.Naveen(17341A0366),M.Pavan Kumar
(17341A0368),M.Ramakrishna(17341A0369),M.Nameeth(17341A0370),M.Praveen Shyam
Raj(17341A0371),M.Bhargav(17341A0372) have been carried out in partial fulfillment for the
award of B.Tech degree in the discipline of MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT of the GMRIT,
embodies original work done by them under my supervision.

Signature of the Supervisor Signature of the Head Of Department

Mr.K.SIMHADRI Dr.V.RAMBABU
Asst. Professor, Professor &HOD,
Department of MECH Department of MECH
GMRIT, Rajam. GMRIT, Rajam
Abstract:
A compressor is used to get high pressure air for many industrial and commercial
purpose. The triangular air compressor with the common compression chamber is a
reciprocating type compressor, which delivers air at high pressure with less vibration and less
power consumption than the existing ones. Triangular air compressor with common
compression chamber uses three cylinders and the entire cylinder and all the cylinders will have
their own connecting red, crank shaft, pistons and chain sprockets and it is driven by a chain
drive. During operation the pistons will move in phase from BDC to TDC and hence the air is
compressed in the common compression head. This common in the compression chamber will
have one inlet and outlet valve. From this valve, air is intake and delivered. The common
compression head will be is a triangular shape with angle of 60* from one side to another. The
compressor is mechanical equipment which is used to increase the pressure with the help of the
piston. Need to improve the performance of compressor by several methods. The main aim of
the project is to make tri-cylinder, air compressor to generate large amounts of air with less
power and low vibration. In Tri cylinder, air compressor the three cylinders are kept at 120
degrees to each other. The three cylinders are placed radically and equally apart such that the
cylinder opening tends to meet on a common triangular compression chamber. The three
pistons are made to compress air simultaneously onto the common triangular chamber over
shorter stroke and the isothermal efficiency will be better than single cylinder with one piston.
The motor is connected to the chain drive to drive the three crankshafts which are used to move
the piston. If space is smaller the pressure will be more and bigger lower. If compressor is made
to work at 1400 rpm air taken will be147.18 × 1400 = 206052 litters at 7 atmospheres pressure
.The advantage with triangular compressor will be low vibration, smaller unit giving more
output and so cheaper to make, ideal for air compressor is Air- conditioning and Refrigeration,
Vacuum pumps and general purpose usage.

Keywords: Air compressor, TDC, BDC, pneumatic cylinder, tri cylinder

Introduction:

In most industrial applications, compressed air is considered as the “fourth utility”, preceded by
the three essential utilities; water, electricity and natural gas. Typically, a simple air compressor
is an industrial device that intakes ambient air and increases the pressurewith reduction in
volume by doing work on the working fluid, namely air or gas.The primary objective of
employing a compressor is to provide high pressure air using least possible power consumption.
The compression can occur in any one of the three ways; adiabatic, isothermal or polytropic. For
an Adiabatic compression process, there is assumed to be no heat loss or gain from the system.
When the temperature of air at inlet equals temperature of compressed air at outlet, the
compression process is Isothermal. Normally, a typical compression process involves Polytropic
Compression. The pressure, temperature and volume of air it inlet and outlet vary with the
respective conditions. The least possible work of compression is achieved in an adiabatic
compression process as the net work done by the system is zero. The adiabatic efficiency is the
maximum possible compressor efficiency and compressors are designed with compressor
efficiencies such that, there is little or no variation among the two.

As mentioned earlier, compressed air is considered a utility because of their diverse applications
in various industrial and metallurgical operations. The compressed air supply is clean,
convenient, safe and flexible for use. Industrial uses can be attributed to when they are in
connection with compressed air motors for functioning of pneumatic tools, raw material
conveying through ducts, in connection with a reservoir for storage of compressed air for future
applications.
Types of Air Compressors:
The usage of compressed air is not limited only to industries, but they are also used in
manufacturing, welding, constructions, power plants, ships, automobile plants, painting shops,
and for filling breathing apparatus too. Thus there are so many types of air compressors used
specifically for the above purposes. Let us discuss on various types of air compressors.
Compressors are classified in many ways out of which the common one is the classification
based on the principle of operation.
1. Positive Displacement and
2. Roto-Dynamic Compressors.
Positive displacement compressors cab be further divided into Reciprocating and rotary
compressors.
Under the classification of reciprocating compressors, we have
a. In-line compressors,
b. “V”-shaped compressors,
c. Tandem Piston compressors.
d. Single-acting compressors,
e. Double-acting compressors,
f. Diaphragm compressors.
The rotary compressors are divided into
1. Screw compressors,
2. Vane type compressors,
3. Lobe and scroll compressors and other
types. Under the Roto-dynamic
compressors, we have
1. Centrifugal compressors, and the
2. Axial flow compressors.
The compressors are also classified based on other aspects like
1. Number of stages (single-stage, 2-stage and multi-stage),
2. Cooling method and medium (Air cooled, water cooled and oil-cooled),
3. Drive types ( Engine driven, Motor driven, Turbine driven, Belt, chain, gear or direct
coupling drives),
4. Lubrication method (Splash lubricated or forced lubrication or oil-free compressors).
5. Service Pressure (Low, Medium, High)
The Attached picture shows the clear classification of different types of compressors
Aim: To fabricate and demonstrate of a air compressor.

Apparatus: 12V Geared DC Motor of 300 RPM,Bicycle spokes,Cutter,Pad,Glue,

,Injection valve tubes,tube (or)Rubber pipe,12V adapater.

Making of Air Compressor Setup:

1. First,take the motor and fix it on the wooden pad using clamp or glue.

2. Then using the bicycle spoker,make winding and fix one end of winding to
the shaft of the motor and other end to the piston of injection as shown in
figure.

3. Now take one valve and fix it at top of the injection,so that compressed air
can flows through the value to the tube which is connected to the value.

4. After that,take another valve and fix it to the mouth of injection so that
compressed air can flows through the value to the tube which is connected to
the value .

5. For giving current supply to the motor,we use adapter.

6. The total set up looks like below figure.

Working:
1. When motor starts rotating,it pulls the piston backwards.It creates vaccum
(low pressue) inside the injection.Due to the pressure difference,atmospheric
air enters into injection through value 1.

2. During another revolution,piston(injection cap) compressor the air and thoin

compressed air flows through outside through value 2.

3. Thin cycle repeats as long as motor rotates .

4. We can fill the air in ballon by attaching it to the value through tube.
Precautions:
1. Make sure that there are no gaps between the valves and the injection.

2. For the free moving of piston,at the rubber which is attached to piston or
injection gap.

3. The whole set up should be stable,so that compressor works safely.

Results And Discussion :

1. The fabrication of air compressor is prepared and studied.

2. The performance of air compressor was satisfactory.

References:
1. https://www.google.com/search?client=ms-android-
samsung&q=air+compressor+project+report+pdf&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiKz-
OZs8DhAhXHfSsKHcZtCwsQ1QIoAHoECAsQCw&cshid=1554723246460&biw=360
&bih=560
2. International Journal of Science and engineering, P.Balashanmugam, Assistant Professor,
Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University