CHAPTER 5: WORK, ENERGY AND POWER 15

RISE @ PHYSICS

1. Define Work Done

2. Define Gravitational Potential

Energy

3. Define Elastic Potential Energy

4. Define Kinetic Energy

5. State the principle of

conservation of energy

6. State work-energy theorem

7. Define average power

8. Derive Power

9. Define mechanical efficiency

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1. The variation of force that acts on an object in the direction of x with the displacement x
is shown in the graph below. Determine the work done by the force to move the object to
a displacement of 8.0 m.

F/N

x/m
2 6 8
Answer: 24 J

2. A man lifts an object of mass 1.5 kg vertically upwards through a distance of 2.0 m with
constant speed. Determine

a. the work done by the man

b. the work done by the gravitational force
c. the total work done by the two forces

Answer: (a) 29.43 J; (b) ‒29.43 J; (c) 0 J

3. A spring is stretched from 12 cm to 14 cm, find the amount of energy stored in the
spring. Given spring constant = 200 N m-1.

Answer: 4×10-2 J

4. A trolley of mass 10 kg moves with a velocity of 15 m s-1. Find the kinetic energy of the
trolley.

Answer: 1125 J

5. Find the amount of potential energy in object A if its mass is 5 kg at position 200 cm
from ground.

Answer: 98.1 J

6. A bullet of mass 1.5 g is fired with a speed of 124 m s-1 crashes through a concrete of
thickness 0.60 m. Its speed is 92 m s-1 after passing through the concrete. Determine

a. the work done by the bullet

b. the retarding force that acts on the bullet

Answer: (a) ‒5.18 J ; (b) 8.64 N

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7. In a diving competition, a competitor leaps off a 10 m high board with initial velocity of
0.80 m s-1. After completing 2 twists, he hits the water with little splash of water.

a. Calculate the velocity of the competitor when he hits the water.

b. State the assumption for your calculation above.

Answer: (a) 14 m s-1 ; (b) u think

8. A block of mass 2.0 kg moves with a velocity v towards a spring as shown in figure
below. v

The block compresses the spring by 2.0 cm. Given that the force constant of the spring
is 1000 N m-1. Determine the velocity of the block if

a. the surface is smooth

b. the surface is rough and the frictional force between the block and the surface is
3.0 N

Answer: (a) 0.45 m s-1 ; (b) 0.51 m s-1

9. A boat of mass 850 kg moves with a uniform velocity of 2.5 m s-1 on the surface of the
sea. If the thrust required to overcome frictional force is 3200 N, determine the average
power of the boat.

Answer: 8000 W

10. An electric motor is used to lift a load of 120 kg. The power of the motor is 1500 W. If
the efficiency of the motor is 60%, calculate the time taken to lift the load through a
height of 5.0 m.

Answer: 6.54 s

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