EET305 Power System Fundamental

Tutorial 6

1. Equipment ratings for the four bus power system shown in Figure 1 are as
follows:

Generator G1 : 500 MVA, 13.8 kV, X” = 0.2 p.u.

Generator G2 : 750 MVA, 18 kV, X” = 0.18 p.u.
Generator G3 : 1000 MVA, 20 kV, X” = 0.17 p.u.
Transformer T1 : 500 MVA, 13.8/500 kV, X = 0.12 p.u
Transformer T2 : 750 MVA, 18/500 kV, X = 0.10 p.u
Transformer T 3 : 1000 MVA, 20/500 kV, X = 0.10 p.u
Each 500 kV line : X1 = 50 Ω

A three-phase short circuit occurs at bus 1, where the prefault voltage is 525 kV.
Prefault load current is neglected.

(a) Draw the reactance diagram in per-unit on 1000 MVA, 20 kV, base in the zone of
generator G3.
(b) Determine the Thevenin equivalent impedance at the fault
(c) Determine the subtransient fault current in per-unit and in kA r.m.s.
(d) Determine contributions to the fault from generator G1 and from line 1–2.

[answer: (b) ZTh = j0.2670 p.u.; (c) IF = –j3.933 p.u.= 4.541 kA; (d) Ig = –j1.641 p.u,
= 1.896 kA; Iline 1-2 = –j2.292 p.u. = 2.647 kA]

Figure 1

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 1

EET305 Power System Fundamental
Tutorial 6

2. For the power system given in Question 1, a three-phase short circuit occurs at
bus 2, where the prefault voltage is 525 kV. Prefault load current is neglected.
Determine the

(a) Thevenin equivalent impedance at the fault

(b) Subtransient fault current in per-unit and in kA r.m.s.
(c) Contributions to the fault from lines 1–2, 2–3, and 2–4.

[answer: (a) ZTh = j0.1975 p.u.; (b) IF = –j5.3155 p.u.= 6.1379 kA; (d) I1-2 = –j1.25p.u.
= 1.443 kA; I2-3 = –j2.234 p.u. = 2.58 kA; I2-4 = –j1.8315 p.u. = 2.115 kA]

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 1

EET305 Power System Fundamental
Tutorial 6

3. Equipment ratings for the five bus power system shown in Figure 2 are as
follows:

Generator G1 : 50 MVA, 12 kV, X” = 0.2 p.u.

Generator G2 : 100 MVA, 15 kV, X” = 0.2 p.u.
Transformer T1 : 50 MVA, 10/138 kV, X = 0.10 p.u
Transformer T2 : 100 MVA, 15/138 kV, X = 0.10 p.u
Each 138 kV line : X1 = 40 Ω

A three-phase short circuit occurs at bus 5, where the prefault voltage is 15 kV.
Prefault load current is neglected.

(a) Draw the reactance diagram in per-unit on 100 MVA, 15 kV, base in the zone of
generator G2.
(b) Determine the Thevenin equivalent impedance at the fault
(c) Determine the subtransient fault current in per-unit and in kA r.m.s.
(d) Determine contributions to the fault from generator G2 and from transformer T2.

[answer: (b) ZTh = j0.1733 p.u.; (c) IF = –j5.772 p.u.= 22.21 kA; (d) Ig2 = –j5 p.u,
= 19.245 kA; IT2 = –j0.7716 p.u. = 2.970 kA]

Figure 2

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 1

EET305 Power System Fundamental
Tutorial 6

4. For the power system given in Question 3, a three-phase short circuit occurs at
bus 4, where the prefault voltage is 138 kV. Prefault load current is neglected.
Determine the

(a) Thevenin equivalent impedance at the fault

(b) Subtransient fault current in per-unit and in kA r.m.s.
(c) Contributions to the fault from transformer T2 and lines 3–4.

[answer: (a) ZTh = j0.2398 p.u.; (c) IF = –j4.1695 p.u.= 1.744 kA; (d) IT2 = –j3.333 p.u,
= 1.395 kA; I3-4 = –j0.836 p.u. = 0.35 kA]

5. In the system shown in Figure 3, three-phase short circuit occurs at point F.

Assume that prefault currents are zero and that the generators are operating at
rated voltage. Determine the fault current.

[answer : I F  1.674 - 82  878.6 A]

Figure 3

6. A three-phase short circuit occurs at the generator (bus 1) for the system shown in
Figure 4. Neglecting prefault currents and assuming that the generator is operating
at its rated voltage, determine the subtransient fault current. Choose base values of
25 MVA and 13.8 kV on the generator side.

[answer: IF = –j8.025 p.u.]

Figure 4

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 1

EET305 Power System Fundamental
Tutorial 6

7. The one-line diagram of a simple four-bus power system is shown in Figure 5.

Each generator is represented by an e.m.f. behind the transient reactance. All
impedance are expressed in per unit on a common MVA base. All resistances and
shunt capacitances are neglected. The generators are operating on no load at their
rated voltage with their e.m.f. in phase. A bolted three-phase fault occurs at bus 4.
Using Thevenin theorem, obtain the impedance to the point of fault and the fault
current in per unit.

[answer: (a) ZTh = j0.5 p.u.; IF = –j2 p.u.]

j0.2 j0.15

j0.2 j0.2

1 j0.5 2
1

j0.2 j0.3

3
1 j0.19

4
2
Figure
1 5

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 1

EET305 Power System Fundamental
Tutorial 6

8. Using a common base of 50 MVA, determine the reactance of the current limiting
reactor, Xr to limit the short circuit capacity of 100 MVA when a three-phase
short circuit occurs at the point of fault in three-phase system shown in Figure 6.

[answer: Xr = j0.05 p.u. = 17.424 Ω]

G1 Xr

50 MVA
33 kV T
X = 0.15 p.u.
10 MVA
G2 33/132 kV
X = 0.08 p.u.
F
25 MVA
33 kV
X = 0.1 p.u.

Figure 6

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 1