Professional Documents
Culture Documents
S&T Stainless Pocket Guide bm2 PDF
S&T Stainless Pocket Guide bm2 PDF
USERS GUIDE
STAINLESS STEEL
AUSTENITIC
AUSTENITIC
316L Chemical plant and food processing An extra low carbon modification for 316,
equipment. with similar corrosion resistance. Intended
for heavier sheet or plate fabrication where
welding without subsequent heat treatment
is required. Can be welded in heavy sections
without the risk of inter-granular corrosion
[weld decay] in the as-welded condition and
also in the stress relieved condition under
most circumstances. Suitable for polishing
to a bright finish.
FERRITIC
430 Interior architecture and automotive A 17% chromium stainless steel. Good
trim; domestic appliances; resistance to normal atmospheric corrosive
conditions. Can be used with various
restaurant equipment; stove and chemicals, such as nitric acid, caustic soda,
heater components. ammonia, detergents and alkalis. Moderate
ductility for forming and drawing operations.
Not as suitable for welding as austenitic
grades, as welds tend to be brittle.
Satisfactory for resistance to scale and
oxidation up to approximately 800°C.
PAGE 5
Finish Description For Sheet & Plate
Stainless Steel Strip, Sheet & Plate
A. MILL FINISHES
FINISH
DESCRIPTION REMARKS
No.
1 Hot rolled, annealed and pickled. Generally used when smoothness
(HRAP) and uniformity of finish are not
important.
PAGE 7
Average Weights For Stainless Steel Sheet & Plate
APPROX. APPROX.
THICKNESS WEIGHT
WEIGHT FOR WEIGHT FOR
[mm] [kg/m2]
1220 x 2440 [kg] 1500 x 3000 [kg]
0.45 3.60 10.72 16.20
0.55 4.40 13.10 19.80
0.70 5.60 16.67 25.20
0.90 7.20 21.43 32.40
1.00 8.00 23.81 36.00
1.20 9.60 28.57 43.20
1.50 12.00 35.72 54.00
2.00 16.00 47.63 72.00
2.50 20.00 59.54 90.00
3.00 24.00 71.44 108.00
4.00 32.00 95.26 144.00
5.00 40.00 119.07 180.00
6.00 48.00 142.89 216.00
8.00 64.00 190.52 288.00
10.00 80.00 238.14 360.00
12.00 96.00 285.77 432.00
16.00 128.00 381.03 576.00
20.00 160.00 476.29 720.00
25.00 200.00 595.36 900.00
30.00 240.00 714.43 1080.00
40.00 320.00 952.58 1440.00
50.00 400.00 1190.72 1800.00
PAGE 8
Average Weights For Stainless Steel Bars - Metric
, .
- /
mm ø mm mm mm mm kg KG / M
1.5 12 4 15 7 20 0.038
2.0 22 4 26 8 40 0.060
3.0 26 6 32 12 90 0.150
4.0 32 8 40 16 170 0.270
5.0 35 10 45 20 260 0.430
6.0 42 12 54 24 380 0.630
8.0 52 16 68 32 670 1.100
10.0 56 20 76 40 1040 1.750
PAGE 12
Tolerances On Bars
[in millimetres]
ISO ISO
DIAMETER
h.9 h.11
0-3 -0.025 -0.060
3-6 -0.030 -0.075
6 - 10 -0.036 -0.090
10 - 18 -0.043 -0.110
18 - 30 -0.052 -0.130
30 - 50 -0.074 -0.160
50 - 80 -0.074 -0.190
80 - 120 -0.087 -0.220
C.F - Cold Formed with smooth satin finish and square edge.
H.R.A.P - Hot Rolled Annealed and Pickled (304 & 316).
S.R.E - Slit Rolled Edge.
C.F and S.R.E carried in thicknesses 3mm, 5mm & 6mm (304 & 316).
All flat bar thicknesses 9mm and over carried in H.R.A.P.
65 2 1/2 73.03 3.05 5.260 43092 5.16 8.640 73084 7.01 11.400 99284
80 3 88.90 3.05 6.460 35508 5.49 11.300 63776 7.62 15.300 88646
100 4 114.30 3.05 8.370 27579 6.02 16.100 54468 8.56 22.300 77452
125 5 141.30 3.40 11.600 24993 6.55 21.800 47918 9.52 30.900 69678
150 6 168.28 3.40 13.300 21029 7.11 28.300 43782 10.97 42.600 67418
200 8 219.08 3.76 20.000 17754 8.18 42.500 38610 12.70 64.600 59974
250 10 273.05 4.19 27.800 15857 9.27 60.300 35163 12.70 81.500 48102
300 12 323.85 4.57 36.000 14651 9.52 73.800 30337 12.70 97.400 40557
350 14 355.60 4.78 41.400 13967
400 16 406.40 4.78 47.300 12238 *Theoretical internal bursting pressure calculated using formula P = 2ST
450 18 457.20 4.78 53.300 10859 D
500 20 508.00 5.54 68.600 11204
Stainless Steel Pipe Size Metric Conversion
ASTM Tube Specifications
[American Society for Testing & Materials]
A268 Seamless and welded ferritic For general corrosion resistance and
stainless tubing for general service. high temperature service.
A269 Seamless and welded austenitic For general corrosion resistance and
stainless steel tubing for general low or high temperature service.
service.
A270 Seamless and welded austenitic For use in food and dairy industry.
stainless steel feed water heater
tubes.
A789 Seamless and welded ferritic/ For general service with particular
austenitic stainless steel tubing emphasis on resistance to stress
for general service. corrosion cracking.
9688 Welded austenitic stainless steel For feed water heater tubes,
feed water heater tubes. including those bent, if specified, into
the form of U-tubes.
ASTM and ASME tube users may find reference to some of the above
specifications numbers prefixed by an ‘S’ e.g. ‘SA249’.
PAGE 15
Stainless Steel Tube Conditions
WD & WDA By cold drawing tube in AWA or CWA conditions, fine dimensional
[Welded tolerances are achieved, having excellent uniformity of wall thickness
Drawn] & and concentricity, uniform grain structure and hardness. For maximum
[Welded corrosion resistance this tube is supplied in the annealed [WDA]
Drawn condition.
Annealed]
S Cold drawn from seamless hollows annealed and pickled to ASTM A269
[Seamless] specification. Suitable for high pressure lines.
SURFACE FINISHES
The natural metallic lustre of stainless steel, which remains during its
extremely prolonged lifespan, can be further enhanced by polishing and
buffing. This applies particularly in applications for decorative purposes.
A number of polished finishes are available.
MF An off-the-mill finish; roll forming marks are retained and an indication of
[Mill Finish] the weld may be visible.
PAGE 17
Stainless Steel Fasteners
The Strength Factor
The third and fourth digits indicate the strength [mechanical property] class
and represent one tenth of the tensile strength expressed in newtons per
millimetre squared [N/mm2]:
50 = lowest strength class which is usually for products of softened
steel and with machined thread
70 = higher strength class resulting from cold forging and thread
rolling
80 = highest strength - attained by mainly cold forged, extruded
thread rolled parts and when specially drawn cold bars are
used. Thus:
A2-70 = austenitic 18/8 class 70 cold forged with minimum
700N/mm2 tensile strength.
5 0.80 3/16 24 32 24 32
6 1.00 1/4 20 26 20 28
8 1.25 5/16 18 22 18 24
10 1.50 3/8 16 20 16 24
12 1.75 7/16 14 18 14 20
14 2.00 1/2 12 16 13 20
16 2.00 9/16 12 16 12 18
18 2.50 5/8 11 14 11 18
20 2.50 3/4 10 12 10 16
22 2.50 7/8 9 11 9 14
24 3.00 1 8 10 8 12
27 3.00 1 1/8 7 9 7 12
30 3.50 1 1/4 7 9 7 12
33 3.50 1 3/8 6 8 6 12
36 4.00 1 1/2 6 8 6 12
- 4.00 1 5/8 5 8 6 12
48 5.00 1 3/4 5 7 - -
PAGE 19
Stainless Steel Bolts - Dimensions
/^ O
2
V
Hexagon Nuts
^
V
THREAD s e k
THREAD s e k
PAGE 23
PAGE 24
MEAN CO-EFFICIENT OF
THERMAL THERMAL
COMMON UNS EURO- DENSITY ELASTIC SPECIFIC ELECTRICAL
EXPANSION (b) CONDUC- HEAT RESISTIVITY
NAME NUMBER NORM KG/M3 MODULUS
GRADE AT TIVITY AT 0-20˚C AT 20˚C
NO. 20˚C 20-100˚C 20-300˚C 20-500˚C 100˚C W n m
Gpa (a) µm/m/˚C µm/m/˚C µm/m/˚C / m.k
301 S30100 1.4310 7900 200 16.0 17.0 18.0 15.0 500 730
304 S30400 1.4301 7900 200 16.0 17.0 18.0 15.0 500 730
304L S30403 1.4307 7900 200 16.0 17.0 18.0 15.0 500 730
310 S31008 1.4845 7900 200 15.0 16.2 17.2 15.0 500 850
316 S31600 1.4401 8000 200 16.0 17.0 18.0 15.0 500 750
316L S31603 1.4404 8000 200 16.0 17.0 18.0 15.0 500 750
321 S32100 1.4541 7900 200 16.0 17.0 18.0 15.0 500 730
409 S40900 1.4512 7700 220 10.5 11.5 12.0 25.0 460 600
410 S41000 1.4006 7700 215 10.5 11.5 30.0 30.0 460 600
430 S43000 1.4016 7700 220 10.0 10.5 11.0 25.0 460 600
Notes:
(a) 1 Gpa = 1000 Mpa
(b) µm/m/˚000C = 10-6/˚C
These properties are approximate and intended for guidance only.
Typical Physical Properties - Annealed Condition
TYPICAL ANALYSIS TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
STAINLESS TS ELONGATION
CLASSIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS C Ni Cr Mo Ti S YP % ON HB
GRADE MPa 50mm
Ferritic Magnetic. Cannot 409 0.04 - 11.5 - 0.4 - 250 450 25 140
be hardened by
heat treatment. 430 0.08 - 17.0 - - - 310 540 30 170
PAGE 25
PAGE 26
10 0 2 3 5 6 8 10 11 13 15 16
9 0 1 3 4 6 7 9 10 12 13 15
8 0 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12 13
7 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 0 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8
4 0 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6
3 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
2 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
Thermal Expansion
PAGE 27
PAGE 28
PAGE 29
PAGE 30
A micron is 1/1000mm [0.00003937"]. To the average naked eye only particle sizes as small as 40 microns [0.0057"]
are visible. When extremely fine woven cloth, covering a range from about 40 to 2 microns [nominal], is woven the number of
holes per square inch may be upward of 1 million.
These fine meshes are used predominantly for filter elements employed in fluid power systems for the purpose of removing
any impurities. Because of its hard working properties and also its corrosion resistance, Stainless Steel Woven Wire is generally
used.
Non-washable deposits. Domestic cleaning powders. Recommended Do not use steel wool. Stainless steel wool may
stainless steel cleaners such as Autosol. be used. Rub in straight lines along
the polish pattern. Avoid scratching.
Oil and greasy deposits. [a] Organic solvents such as acetone, Final wash with detergent and clean water.
methylated spirits, Xylol, Benzene. Wipe dry. Care is required with flammable
[b] Caustic soda or tri sodium phosphate solvents.
solution [5 to 10%].
Rust stains from external sources. [a] Oxalic acid, sulphamic acid [10%] Avoid scratching. Rinse thoroughly with water
[b] Abrasive cleaning paste. and detergent. Wipe dry.
[c] Nitric acid.
Finger Prints. Dilute phosphoric acid with detergent. Rinse thoroughly and wipe dry.
Welding scale. 10 to 15% by volume nitric acid with 1 to 2% As for nitric acid.
Heat tint. by volume hydrofluoric acid up to 50°C for up
to 15 mins.
Water ‘scale’ - calcium/magnesium salt Citric acid solution. Wash with detergent and warm water.
Cleaning - Recommended Procedures
Copyright
This pocket guide and contents are copyright to Steel and Tube and
permission maybe granted to reproduce the guide only with the prior written
consent of Steel and Tube Stainless.
Whilst care has been taken to ensure all information in this pocket guide is
accurate and complete, any typographical, clerical or other error or omission
in this pocket guide, including but not limited to, product information and
product specifi cations shall be subject to corrections without any liability on
the part of Steel and Tube.
To find out more about our extensive range
of products and services:
Steel Rural Products
Pipe, Fittings & Valves Industrial Products
Stainless Steel Reinforcing
Fastenings Roofing, Cladding,
Chain & Rigging Rainwater Systems
& Purlins
CONTACT US TODAY:
0800 478 335
www.steelandtube.co.nz S&T026