Abbigale Campbell

Lab#: 8
Date: February 2, 2019

Title: Plan and Design

Problem Statement: Keisha was paying her friend, Patsy a visit while she was doing her
laundry. Keisha was commending Patsy on how pristine her whites were, when Patsy decided
to recommend her favourite brand of chlorine bleach .Still, Keisha insisted that her brand was
better at brightening her whites. As a cape student, on passing Patsy’s yard overheard there
dispute and now you are required to plan and design an experiment to determine which brand
of bleach is more effective.
Theory: A redox titration will be carried out to determine the concentration of both brands of
bleach
Hypothesis: The brand chlorine has the highest concentration level
Aim: To find out if chlorine bleach is more concentrated than Ajax Bleach

Apparatus: Conical flask, burette, pipette, pipette filler, sodium thiosulphate solution,
Bleach, volumetric flask
Procedure:

1) Prepare a solution of sodium thiosulphate with a concentration of 0.1 M in 250ml by

calculating the mass of sodium thiosulphate by using the formula the mass of one mol
of sodium thiosulphate multiplied by 25 an divided by 1000.
2) Pour a 100ml of each brand of bleach in beakers labelled A and B
3) Set up a volumetric titration apparatus.
4) Use a pipette and pipette filler to measure 25ml of the bleach labelled ‘A’ and place it
in a volume metric flask of 250ml.
5) Added distilled water to the volume metric flask up to the calibration mark. Place a
stopper on the flask and shake vigorously to dilute the Bleach
6) Pour the solution in a beaker and pipette 25ml. Transfer into a conical flask.
7) Add 2ml of 0.1 mol sulphuric acid and Three grams of potassium iodide in the conical
flask, swirl until an orange- red colour is seen.
8) Poured Sodium thiosulphate in the burette using a filter funnel up to the 1 ml mark.
9) Placed the conical flask under the burette and titrate the bleach against the sodium
thiosulphate (shake between additions) until the first permanent colour is
observed.(pale yellow)
10) Add three drops of starch indicator to the conical flask containing the bleach solution,
blue black colour will be seen.
11) Continue the titration until the blue-black colour disappears and becomes colourless
12) Record the volume at which the solution became colourless by reading the current
volume on the burette.
13) Repeat Steps four to ten at least twice for bleach A to achieve desired results.
14) Repeat Steps four to eleven for bleach B.
15) Record the results in the table shown below for both brands of bleach
Variables:
 Controlled – Volume of bleach used
 Manipulated – Brand of Bleach Used
 Responding – Concentration of the brands of bleach
Expected Results:
The brand that is more concentrated will require less of the Na2S2O3 for neutralization

TABLE SHOWING VOLUMES OF SODIUM THIOSULPHATE USED TO NEUTRALIZE

CHLORITE BLEACH (BLEACH A)

Chlorite Rough 1 2

Initial
Final
Volume used

TABLE SHOWING VOLUMES OF SODIUM THIOSULPHATE USED TO NEUTRALIZE AJAX

BLEACH (BLEACH B)

Ajax Rough 1 2

Initial
Final
Volume used

Calculations:

 Average Volume
 Number of Moles
 Balanced Equations
 Mole Ratio
 Number of Moles I2
 Number of Moles chlorate
 Concentration of diluted and undiluted bleach

Precautions:
1) Ensure that the volume is read from the bottom of the meniscus
2) Ensure that the apparatus is washed before using
3) Ensure that the pipette is completely filled with liquid to avoid air bubbles