Confusing Pairs

AP Psychology-Tressa Votis (Crandon HS)

Bottom UP vs Top Down Processing
-Bottom-up refers to the way it is built-up from the Top-down processing, on the other hand, refers to
smallest pieces of sensory information. perception that is driven by cognition.
Applied Research vs Basic Research
Basic is “lab testing” and Applied takes “basic research” and
information gathered through uses it to help or treat people.
experimentation.
Quantitative Data vs Qualitative Data
Self-serving bias vs Self fulfilling prophecy
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a
prediction that directly or indirectly
causes itself to become true, by the
very terms of the prophecy itself, due
to positive feedback between belief
and behavior.
Collectivist Cultures vs individualistic cultures
Structuralism vs functionalism
Content vs construct validity
Independent Vs.
Dependent
*Independent-

What is changed

*Dependent-

What is measured
 Corpus Callosum vs cerebral cortex
-Band of fibers that connects the
two halves of the brain.
the outer layer of the
-Severed to treat epilepsy
cerebrum (the cerebral
cortex ), composed of
- “Split Brain” patients
folded gray matter. Divided
into 4 Lobes.
Hormones vs. neurotransmitters
Sensory (afferent) vs. motor (efferent)
Representative Heuristic vs availability heuristic

Trucker vs Professor??
Engineering Students?? What pops into head
first when asked
about a topic.
Accomodation of the Eye
General Intelligence vs. triarchic theory of intelligence
rTMS
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a form of brain stimulation therapy used to treat depression and
anxiety. It has been in use since 1985. The therapy involves using a magnet to target and stimulate certain areas of the
brain.
Correlations ---Can not prove causation
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Change Blindness-Failure to notice changes in Env.
Howard Gardner