2013 2nd International Conference on Electric Power Equipment
Analysis of Seismic Performance for
High-voltage Switchgear Equipment of GIS
XIA ya!ongl, 2, xu jianyuanl, 2, LI dan 1,2 and SHEN fenghuil,2
lSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, 110870, Liaoning Province, China
2Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Safe Operation and Monitoring of Power Grid, Shenyang, 110870, Liaoning
Province, China
Abstract- According to the mechanical failure of Gas
Insulated Switchgear ( GIS) in the earthquake will cause a
great loss to the power system. This paper, by using the
three-dimension design software to build a geometric
model of 420 kV GIS, by using the finite element analysis
method to make the mode analysis, and then acquired
structural frequencies and mode features of the GIS, and
by using spectral analysis to get the stress distribution and
structure deformation in the case of IX degree earthquake
based on it. Through the simulation result of this model,
the structure of the maximum stress occurs at the bracket
where connected bus, and the maximum stress is 17.5Mpa
that far less than the yield limit that is 235MPa. The
maximum deformation occurs in the middle of the bus,
and the maximum deformation is only 0.86 mm/m that
comply with the requirements of the bus deformation is
less than 3 mm/m. The results can provide a reference for
the seismic reliability analysis of the high-voltage
switchgear equipment.
Key- GIS, seismic performance, finite element, structural
deformation, modal analysis, spectral analysis.
1. INTRODUCTION
Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is a kind of
composite apparatus which puts primary elements in
addition to the transformer in the substation such as
high-voltage circuit breakers, load-breaking switches,
disconnectors, earthing switches, current transformers,
voltage transformers, lighting arresters and other
electrical appliances and enclosed in a metal enclosure
filled with SF6 gas that has excellent arc-extinguishing
and insulating properties. Due to a series of advantages,
for example, it covers a small area and takes up less
space because it is not only closed but also combined, it
is not affected by the influence of the external
environment condition, it does not produce noise and
radio interference, it is running safe, reliable and low
maintenance workload, GIS equipment in recent years
has been a wide range of applications [1].
It is quite common that power generation and supply
are interrupted because of the high-pressure equipment
is broken or damaged. This caused significant damage
to the national economy and electricity companies, also
brought serious difficulties to the work of earthquake
relief [2]. According to the data analysis of the
Fund project: Project supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (51177104) and National Natural Science
Foundation of Liaoning province (2011220011)
May 16,2013
- Matsue, Japan
earthquakes, the damage ratio of the electric system is
incredibly high. For instance, the magnitude 7.8
earthquake happened in Tangshan in 1976 caused
substantial damages of the high voltage switchgear, the
damage of isolating breaker rate reached 30%, circuit
switch reached 58% and the arrester reached 66%
among it [3-4]. Therefore, studying the distribution and
structural deformation of GIS in earthquake stress is
very necessary. According to IEC 62271-2:2003
"High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 2:
Seismic qualification for rated voltage of 72.5 kV and
above", this article uses the response spectrum analysis
method to simulate the stress distribution and structural
deformation of the 420 kV GIS in the earthquake level
for AF5, zero period acceleration is 5m/s2 , seismic
intensity of IX degree with the finite element analysis
software.
II. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPUTATIONAL MODEL
Figure 1 shows the calculation of 420 kV GIS
structure diagram. In GIS, the diameter of the circuit
breaker 1 is 860 mm and its length is 4700 mm; the
diameter of the bus 2 is 356 mm and its length is 42500
mm; the height of the bracket 3 is 4730 mm and the
bottom four cross-section of 100 x 100 mm; the height
of the casing 4 is 4470 mm, the upper end of inner and
outer diameter are respectively 235 mm, 275 mm and
the lower end of inner and outer diameter are
respectively 445 mm, 485 mm. As can be seen from the
above parameters, the equipment in the GIS, such as
casing and others has higher center of gravity, bus,
bracket and others has slender body, the seismic
performance is greatly reduced.
Meshing include select unit data and set the meshing
parameters [5-6]. Calculation model of unit type
depends not only on the geometry of the component,
also depends on the type and direction of load. 420 kV
GIS structure is irregular entities, so using
three-dimensional solid tetrahedral elements describe its
structure to better reflect the true situation. In front of
the finite element analysis was carried out on the
geometric model, five kinds of materials are defined,
they are hot rolled steel Q235, aluminum alloy, silicon
rubber, cast aluminum alloy and T2 copper. Their
modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio and density as
shown in Table 1. Considering the accuracy and the
calculation under the premise, established the finite Where,[M] ,[K] are the mass and stiffness matrix of
element model. Figure 2 shows the local finite element the system, Let the solution of the equation having the
model. form of a simple harmonic motion, then

{x} = {X}ejrvt (2)

Among them, the elements of {X} represent the

amplitude of each point, and put it into the formula (I)
can be obtained:

([K] -o?[M]){X} ={O} (3)

The only condition that this equation with non-zero

solution is the determinant of its displacement
impedance matrix [Z]=[K]-ai[M] equal to zero, that
1- Circuit breaker; 2-Bus; 3-Bracket; 4-cCasing IS

Fig. 1. The calculation of 420 kV GIS structure diagram

(4)
TABLE 1 THE MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF 420 KV GIS
[M] and [K] are positive definite matrix. Expand
Structure Modulus of Poisson's Density
above equation, the characteristic values
iV,2(r 1,2,3,...... , N) can be obtained, and these
=

elasticity(Pa) ratio ( kg/m' ) characteristic values OJr 2 is the frequency of the system.
Bracket 2.0x1Oll 0.26 7.83x103
Take each characteristic value into (4), this can be
obtained by corresponding feature vector {<l>}r' it
Tank 7.0x1OlO OJ3 2.75x103 satisfies
Casing IJ5xlOlO OJ 1.53xl03
(5)
Flange 6.16x1OlO OJ 2.7x103
This vector is the feature vector and it is called modal,
Terminal Blocks 1.08x I011 OJ2 8.9x103 since it is the deformed shape of the system modal
vibration, also called mode shape [7].
Modal analysis can determine the structural vibration
characteristics of the design, that is, the dynamic

l.. characteristics. The dynamic characteristics of the GIS

structure refers to the natural frequencies and mode
shapes of the GIS, it is also the starting point of a more
detailed kinetic analysis, such as spectral analysis [8].
In this paper, using Block Lanczos method for finite
element model of 420 kV GIS for its modal analysis.
The object has infinite order modal theoretically,
vibration is all orders of modal superposition effect, but
_1 '�O

each order modal contribution to the contribution of the

whole system is different, especially for the
Fig. 2. The local finite element model
low-frequency response, higher modes has little
influence. So only extracted 100 order modes of the 420
111. THE FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF GIS
kV GIS structure, table 2 shows the 10 order frequency
of these, and figure 3 shows the 4 order mode shape
A. Modal Analysis
corresponded to that of these.
Modal analysis technology has become an important From the first four modes of the 420 kV GIS, the
engineering technology. As an effective and reliable most serious vibration occurred on bus in GIS and its
means of testing analysis, modal analysis has become a deformation is the largest. In first-order and
common helper method in structural design. A linear second-order vibration mode of GIS, the maximum
vibration system, if not taking into account the effects of deformation of GIS occurs in the middle of the bus; in
damping, the general form of the differential equations third-order and fourth-order vibration mode, the
of motion of the free vibration, can be expressed as maximum deformation of GIS spread to the ends from
follows: the middle of the bus.

[M]{X}+[K]{x}={ O } (1) TABLE 2 THE FIRST 10 ORDER FREQUENCY VALUE OF 420 KV GIS

2
 F,(m) = S: x(t)e-iWldt
Mode number Frequency 1Hz Mode number Frequency 1Hz

5 2.4195 55 14.584
Fz(m) = ( z(t)e-imtdt
15 4.5651 65 18.146

25 6.8961 75 22.751
The last type on the Fourier transform can be
35 10.266 85 23.403 obtained:

45 12.139 95 26.057
�(m) = H(m).�(m) (7)

. m02+ i2!;m0 m
In the equatIOn, H(m)= , call it
(mo2 - m2)+ i2!;mom
the frequency response function. And because

F/m) = (im)2 F,(m)

�(m) = (im)2 �(m)
(a) First mode shape (b) Second mode shape

So

Fz = H(m).FJm) (8)

Make and

(c) Third mode shape (d) Fourth mode shape

Fig. 3. Four modal shape of GIS A(m) {LX(t)COsmtdtf {LX(t)Sinmtdtf

= + , call it

B. Earthquake Spectral Analysis

f x(t) sin mtdt
T

the spectrum of acceleration, () (m) = tg -I � ,

fa x(t) cos mtdt
In the earthquake, the vibration equation of single
degree of freedom structure is

(6) call it the phase shift.

Wherein <!: and OJo are natural frequency and damping
ratio of 420 kV GIS respectively; j.i(t), y(t), yet)
are the reaction of the acceleration, velocity,
displacement respectively; x(t) is ground acceleration,
x(t) and x(t) are the velocity and displacement of the
ground respectively. With z(t) , i(t) , z(t)
respectively responses of absolute acceleration, velocity
and displacement of 420 kV GIS [9] , and
i(t)=y(t)+x(t)
i(t)==y(t)+x(t)
z(t)=y(t)+x(t)
Equation (6) can be turned into:
Make
According to the inverse Fourier transform principle,
(9)
In the above equation, T is the input seismic
acceleration duration, OJM is the cut-off frequency of
Fourier transform.
According to lEe 6227 I -2:2003 "High-voltage
switchgear and control gear Part 2: Seismic
qualification/or rated voltage 0/ 72.5 kV and above". In
the 420 kV GIS spectrum analysis, the damping ratio is
2 percent, seismic performance levels is AF5, zero
period acceleration is 5m/s2 , seismic intensity of IX
degree, the response corresponding spectrum is shown
in Figure 4.
C. Result and Analysis
On the basis of the modal analysis of 420 kV GIS,
take six points sequentially from the curve of the

3
spectrum shown in Figure 4 as the spectral values of the the maximum stress is 17.SMPa, far less than the yield
·
limit that is 23SMPa.
·

,
/ \ IV CONCLUSION
·
\
\. Taking the 420kV GIS high voltage switch
·

,
equipment as the research object, using
,
three-dimensional design software to establish the
Frequenc:yfth:)
mathematical model, using the finite element analysis
software to modal analysis. Based on the first 10 order
Fig. 4. The spectrum of earthquake level for AF5
modal, analyzed the seismic performance of GIS in the
spectral analysis, as shown in Table 2, using earthquake resistant level for AFS. Through the analysis
single-point response spectrum analysis to be extended of the results, get the following conclusion:
modal, using square and then prescribing to merge I. 420 kV GIS bus is the strongest vibration in
modal, to complete seismic spectrum analysis of 420 kV high voltage switch equipment, so the maximum
GIS, get the results of the analysis. Bus is most intense deformation occurs and it is 36.Smm. The deformation
in the seismic response analysis of spectrum. As shown is 0.86mm/m, and comply with the requirements of
in Figure S, it has the largest deformation with 36.S mm, deformation that less than 3 mm/m; maximum stress
and its total length of 42.Sm, so the amount of occurs in the bracket A and the value is 17.SMPa, far
deformation of is 0.86 mm/m. As shown in Figure 6, less than the yield limit that is 23SMPa of the material
the structural stress is mainly distributed in the casing of Q23S ordinary carbon steel.
the bracket, the bracket A has the maximum with 2. For the seismic performance of GIS and other
17.SMPa. high-voltage switchgear, it is suggested that the analysis
should base on the vibration table experiments and
TABLE 3 THE SPECTRUM OF EARTHQUAKE LEVEL FOR AF5 analyzed according to the analog of computers in order
to fully understand its weak points and improve its
Frequency (Hz) Acceleration (m/s')
seismic performance finally.
0.5 0.43
ACKNOLEDGMENT
1.0 0.85
Supported by the department of Science and
2.4 1.4
Technology of Liaoning Program (201122001 I);
9.0 1.4 supported by NSFC (S I 177 I 04).

20.0 0.75 REFERENCES

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Fig.S. The structure deformation Fig.6. The bracket A stress
of bus in the GIS
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switchgear is longer, and only with both ends of the
bracket are fixed, there is no fixed device for
intermediate. The maximum structural deformation
occurred in the strongest central bus vibration under
seismic load, the deformation is 0.86 mm/m bus comply
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with the requirements of deformation that less than 3 [8]
mm/m. In order to further reduce bus deformation, make
it more safe and reliable, the measures that add brackets [9]
shall be taken in the middle of the bus. Bottom of the
bracket in GIS fixed to the ground and the bus
connected with it has the strong vibration, so the joint of
bus and stent will generate obvious stress concentration, E-mail
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ofauthors:289428192@qq.com