Name : Angelia Secilia Sitinjak

Class : English Literature 17 B

Group :2

CHARLES SANDERS PIERCE SEMIOTIC

According to Peirce semiotics is based on logic, because logic learns how people
reason, while reasoning according to Peirce is done through signs. Signs allow us to think,
relate to other people and give meaning to what is displayed by the universe.

There are many definitions of a sign, but Pierce writes “I define a sign as anything
which is so determined by something else, called it’s object, and so determines an effect upon
a person, which effect I call it’s interpretant, that the later is thereby mediately determined by
the former”.

For Peirce, the sign "is something which stands for something in some respect or
capacity. Here is Pierce’s basic claim that signs consist of three interrelated parts:

 A sign
 An object
 An interpretant

A. Sign

On the basis of this relationship, Peirce held a sign classification. The sign associated with
the sign is divided into qualisign, sinsign, and legisign.

 Qualisign is a quality that is on a sign, for example harsh, hard, weak, soft, melodious
words.
 Sinsign is the actual existence of objects or events that are on the sign; for example
the word fuzzy or murky which is in the order of the word murky river water which
indicates that there is rain in the upper reaches of the river.
 Legisign is the norm contained by signs, for example traffic signs that indicate things
that may or may not be done by humans.
 B. Object

Based on the object, Peirce divides the mark on the icon, index, and symbol.

 An icon is a sign that the relationship between a marker and its sign is concurrent with
the natural form. Or in other words, an icon is a relationship between a sign and an
object or a reference that is similar; for example, portraits and maps.
 An index is a sign that indicates a natural relationship between signs and markers that
are causal or causal, or signs that directly refer to reality. The most obvious example
is smoke as a sign of fire. Signs can also refer to denotatums through conventions.
Such a sign is a conventional sign commonly called a symbol.
 A symbol is a sign that shows the natural relationship between the marker and the
marker. Relationships include arbitrary based on community conventions.

C. Interpretant

Based on the interpretant, divided into rheme, dicent sign or signed and argument.

 Rheme is a sign that allows people to interpret by choice. For example, a person who
has red eyes can indicate that the person is crying, or has an eye disease, or the eye
has entered the insect, or just woke up, or wants to sleep.
 Dicent sign or dicisign is a sign according to reality. For example, if there is an
accident on a road, a traffic sign is installed on the roadside, which states that there
are frequent accidents.
 Argument is a sign that immediately gives a reason about something (Sobur, 2006:
41-42).

Based on these various classifications, Peirce divides the sign into 10 types (Sobur, 2006:
42-43):

1. Qualisign, which is the quality as far as the sign has. Hard words indicate the quality
of the sign. For example, the sound is loud which indicates that the person is angry or
something is desired.
2. Inconic sinsign, which is a sign that shows similarity. Examples: photos, diagrams,
maps, and punctuation.
3. Sinsign Rhematic Indexical, which is a sign based on direct experience, which
directly attracts attention because its presence is caused by something. Example: a
beach that often takes the lives of people who bathe there will have a flag with a
picture of a skull that is meaningful it is forbidden to bathe here.
4. Sinsign dicent, which is a sign that gives information about something. For example, a
ban sign is located at the entrance of an office.
5. Iconic legisign, which is a sign that informs the norm or law. For example, traffic
signs.
6. Rhematic Indexical legisign, which is a sign that refers to a particular object, such as a
pronoun. Someone asked, "Where is the book?" And answered, "That!"
7. Indexical Dicent legisign, which is a meaningful sign of information and designates
the subject of information. The sign in the form of a red light circling above the
ambulance indicates that there is a sick person or a wretched person who is being
rushed to the hospital.
8. Rhematic Symbol or Symbolic rheme, which is a sign that is associated with the
object through a general idea association. For example, we see a picture of a tiger.
Then we say tiger. Why do we say that, because there is an association between the
image and the object or animal that we see as a tiger
9. Dicent Symbol or Proposition is a sign that directly connects with objects through
associations in the brain. If someone says, "Go!" Our interpretation directly associates
with the brain, and so we go. Even though the propositions that we hear are only
words. The words we use that form sentences are all meaningful propositions that are
associated in the brain. The brain automatically and quickly interprets the proposition,
and someone automatically and quickly interprets the proposition, and someone
immediately sets a choice or attitude.
10. Argument, which is a sign that is someone iferens to something based on certain
reasons. Someone said, "Dark." The person said dark because he considered the room
suitable to be said to be dark. Thus the argument is a sign that contains an assessment
or reason, why someone said that. Of course the assessment contains the truth.