Web Dynpro (WD) for ABAP is the SAP standard user interface technology

developed by SAP AG. It can be used in the development of web-based

applications in the SAP ABAP environment that utilizes SAP development
tools and concepts. It provides a front-end web user interface to connect
directly to backend SAP R/3 systems to access data and functions for
reporting.

Web Dynpro for ABAP consists of a run-time environment and a graphical

development environment with specific development tools that are
integrated in the ABAP Workbench (transaction: SE80).

Architecture of Web Dynpro

The following illustration shows the overall architecture of Web Dynpro
−
Following are a few points to keep in mind regarding Web Dynpro −

 Web Dynpro is the SAP NetWeaver programming model for user interfaces.

 All Web Dynpro applications are structured as per the Model View Controller
(MVC) programming model.

 The model defines an interface to the main system and the Web Dynpro
application can have an access to system data.

 The view is responsible for showing the data in the web browser.

 The controller resides between the view and the model. The controller
formats the model data to be displayed in the view. It processes the user
entries made by the user and returns them to the model.

Advantages
Web Dynpro offers the following advantages for application developers −

 The use of graphical tools significantly reduces the implementation effort.

 Reuse and better maintainability by using components.

 The layout and navigation is easily changed using the Web Dynpro tools.

 User interface accessibility is supported.

 Full integration in the ABAP development environment.

Web Dynpro Component and Window

The component is the global unit of the Web Dynpro application project.
Creating a Web Dynpro component is the initial step in developing a new
Web Dynpro application. Once the component is created, it acts as a node
in the Web Dynpro object list. You may create any number of component
views in a component and assemble them in any number of the
corresponding Web Dynpro windows.

At least one Web Dynpro window is contained in each Web Dynpro

component. The Web Dynpro window embeds all the views that are
displayed within the front-end web application. The window is processed
in the window editors of the ABAP Workbench.

Note
 The component view displays all the administrative details for the application
including the description, the name of the person who created it, the creation
date, and the assigned development package.

 The Web Dynpro application is the independent object in the object list of the
ABAP Workbench. The interaction between the window and the application
is created by the interface view of a given window.