Alcatel Lucent WIMAX

Alcatel-Lucent WiMAX
WBS Description
WBS Document
Concept and Reference Guide
Release W4
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04

BLANK PAGE BREAK
Status RELEASED
Short title bsdesc

All rights reserved. Passing on and copying of this document, use
and communication of its contents not permitted without written
authorization from Alcatel-Lucent.
2 / 124 3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04

Contents
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.1 WiMAX Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.2 Network Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.2.1 MSS, CPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.2.2 WBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.2.3 9740 WAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.2.4 9753 OMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.4.1 DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.4.2 DNS Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.5 AAA Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.6 Mobile IP Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.2.6.1 Mobile Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.2.6.2 Home Agent (HA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.2.6.3 Foreign Agent (FA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.2.7 NAT/Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.3 WBS Functional Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.1 WiMAX Base Station concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.2 General Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.3 WBS Installation Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.3.1 Power Supply Hybrid Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.3.2 Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.3.3 GPS system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.4 Base Station Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.4.1 CEBOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.4.2 External Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.4.3 Glonass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.4.4 Sun Protection Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.4.5 Fans Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.5 9710 C-WBS General Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.6 9715 L-WBS General Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.3.7 Clock Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.3.7.1 GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.3.7.2 Free Running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.3.7.3 GLONASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2 Radio Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.1 Channel Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.1.1 Physical Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.1.1.1 Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.1.1.2 Subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.2 Logical Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.2.1 General Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.2.2 Mapping Subcarriers to Subchannels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.1.2.3 SOFDMA Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.1.3 Backbone Transport Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.1.4 Channel Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.2 Cell Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.3 Sector Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.4 Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.5 Handover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.5.1 Cell Reselection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.5.2 Handover Decision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.5.3 Identify Target WBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
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Contents
2.5.4 Network Reentry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2.5.5 Termination of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3 Transmission and Supporting Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.1 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.1.1 External Interface Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.1.2 Internal Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.2 WBS Logical Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.2.1 Physical Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.2.2 Signalling Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.3 Radio Transmission Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.1 Front End Unit (FEU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.1.1 Power Amplifier (PA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.1.2 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.2 WBS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.3 Adaptive Antenna System (AAS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.3.3.1 Smart Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.3.3.2 Beam Forming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.3.3.3 RX/TX Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.3.3.4 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.3.4 Antenna Device Control (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.4 Support Equipment Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4.1 Fan Hat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4.2 Power Supply Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4 Management Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.1 State Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.1.1 Operational States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.1.1.1 Operational State Disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.1.1.2 Operational State Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.1.2 Administrative States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.1.2.1 Administrative State Locked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.1.2.2 Administrative State Unlocked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.1.3 Communication States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.1.4 State Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.2 Time Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.3 Software Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.4 Equipment Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.1 Remote Inventory Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.2 Lock/Unlock Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.3 Reset Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.4 Auto-Reset MAC/PHY/RFCO/FEU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.5 Modify Antenna Port/Antenna Network/Sector Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.6 Synchronization Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.7 WBS Remote Mode/Local Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.8 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.9 Local Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.5 Fault Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.6 Radio Configuration Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.7 Transport/Signalling Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.8 Performance Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.9 DCN Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.10 Mapping of Managed Objects to Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.10.1 Managed Objects: Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.10.2 Managed Objects: Logical Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.10.3 Mapping Modules to Logical Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5 Operations and Maintenance Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
5.1 WBS OAM Managers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
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5.2 Management by NEM-B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

5.2.1 Local Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.2.2 Remote Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.3 Internal OAM Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.4 Counter Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.5 Time Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.6 Data Persistency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.7 Module LED Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.8 Station Unit OAM Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
6 9710 C-WBS Hardware Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.1 9710 C-WBS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.1.1 Basic Hardware Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.1.2 Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.1.3 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.1.4 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.1.5 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.1.5.1 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.1.5.2 Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.1.5.3 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.1.6 Lightning and Over-voltage Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.1.6.1 AC Input Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.1.6.2 Alarm Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.1.6.3 Ethernet Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.2 9710 C-WBS Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.2.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.2.2 Dimensions and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.2.3 9710 C-WBS Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.2.3.1 Inner Module Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.2.3.2 Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.2.4 Mounting and Fastening Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.2.4.1 Mounting Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.2.4.2 Installation and Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.2.4.3 Mast or Pole Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
6.2.4.4 Connectors and Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
6.2.5 Sun Protection Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
6.2.6 Top of Cover with Fan Hat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
6.2.6.1 Fan Cassette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.2.6.2 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.3 9710 C-WBS Hardware Modules Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.3.1 9710 C-WBS Board Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.3.2 Connection Box and 9710 C-WBS Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.3.2.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.3.2.2 External Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.3.2.3 Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.3.2.4 Option: CEBOX Assembly Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.3.3 Option: External Alarms Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.3.4 9710 C-WBS and WAIN Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.3.5 Station Unit Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
6.3.5.1 Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
6.3.5.2 Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.3.6 Convertor Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.3.6.1 Uplink Signal Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.3.6.2 Downlink Signal Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
6.3.7 Transmission Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.3.7.1 Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.3.7.2 Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.3.8 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 5 / 124

Contents
6.3.8.1 AC/DC Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

6.3.8.2 AC Input Voltage Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
6.3.8.3 DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7 9715 L-WBS Hardware Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.1 9715 L-WBS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7.1.1 Basic Hardware Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7.1.2 Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7.1.3 Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.1.4 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.1.5 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.1.5.1 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.1.5.2 Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
7.1.5.3 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
7.1.6 Lightning and Over-voltage Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.1.6.1 DC Input Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.1.6.2 Ethernet Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.1.6.3 Antenna Lighting Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.1.6.4 GPS Antenna Lighting Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.2 9715 L-WBS Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
7.2.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
7.2.2 Dimensions and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
7.2.3 9715 L-WBS Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
7.2.3.1 Inner Module Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
7.2.3.2 Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
7.2.4 Mounting and Fastening Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
7.2.4.1 Mounting Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
7.2.4.2 Installation and Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
7.2.4.3 Mast or Pole Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
7.2.4.4 Connectors and Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
7.2.5 Sun Protection Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
7.3 9715 L-WBS Hardware Modules Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.3.1 9715 L-WBS Board Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.3.2 Connection Box and 9715 L-WBS Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
7.3.2.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
7.3.2.2 External Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
7.3.2.3 Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
7.3.2.4 Option: CEBOX Assembly Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
7.3.3 Station Unit Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
7.3.4 Convertor Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
7.3.4.1 Uplink Signal Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
7.3.4.2 Downlink Signal Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
7.3.5 Transmission Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
7.3.5.1 Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
7.3.5.2 Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
7.3.6 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Appendix A : Threshold Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
6 / 124 3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04

Figures
Figures
Figure 1: WiMAX Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 2: L-WBS Sun Protection Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 3: C-WBS Sun Protection Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 4: C-WBS Sun Protection Cover V2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 5: Channel with 2048 Subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 6: Subcarrier Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 7: Transmission Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 8: Frequency Interleaved Transmission Frames - Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 9: Subcarrier Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 10: OFDMA Frame with One Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 11: External Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 12: The Daisy Chain Configuration - Fast Ethernet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Figure 13: Smart Antenna Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 14: Beam Forming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 15: MIMO Illustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 16: Antenna Device Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 17: Modules Mapped to Logical Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Figure 18: OAM Managers for WBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Figure 19: Local Connection, Commissioning Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 20: Local Connection, Repair HW Extension, Reduction Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 21: Remote Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 22: 9710 C-WBS Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Figure 23: 9710 C-WBS Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Figure 24: 9710 C-WBS Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Figure 25: MOFRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 26: MOFRAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 27: Installation With Protective Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 28: Installation Using the Lifting Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 29: MMFI Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 30: MMFI Installation on a Vertical Mast or Pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 31: 9710 C-WBS Protective Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 32: Sun Protection Cover V2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Figure 33: Fan Cassette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 34: Mechanical Assembly of the Top of Cover with Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Figure 35: Sun Protection Cover V2 with Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Figure 36: CEBOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Figure 37: CEBOX Mechanical Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Figure 38: WAIN Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 39: WAIN Board Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 7 / 124

Figures
Figure 40: Component Side of WAIN with Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Figure 41: External Alarm Cable Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Figure 42: NEMO Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Figure 43: RFCO Architecture for Uplink Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Figure 44: RFCO Architecture for Downlink Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Figure 45: FEU Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Figure 46: 9715 L-WBS Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Figure 47: 9715 L-WBS Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Figure 48: 9715 L-WBS Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Figure 49: MOFRAL for 9715 L-WBS and Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Figure 50: Metal Bands Installation on a Vertical Mast or Pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Figure 51: 9715 L-WBS Protective Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Figure 52: 9715 L-WBS Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Figure 53: CEBOX Mechanical Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Figure 54: RFCO Architecture for Uplink Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Figure 55: RFCO Architecture for Downlink Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Figure 56: FEU Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
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Preface
Preface
Purpose This document describes:
The role of the WBS in a Radio Access Network (RAN) and how its
components work
The 9710 C-WBS and 9715 L-WBS modules, and its architecture and
housing.
The following naming conventions are used in this document:

The Alcatel-Lucent 9710 Compact Base Station for WiMAX will be later
referred as 9710 C-WBS (former A9116 WiMAX BS).
The Alcatel-Lucent 9715 Lightweight Base Station for WiMAX will be

later referred as 9715 L-WBS (former A9117 L-WBS)
The Alcatel-Lucent 9740 Access Control for WiMAX will be later referred
as 9740 WAC (former A9160 WAC)
The Alcatel-Lucent 9753 Operation & Maintenance Center for WiMAX
will be later referred as 9753 OMC (former A1353-WR OMC-R).
Where the procedure refers to 9710 C-WBS, and 9715 L-WBS, the common
WBS name will be used.
Your system may not have all the features described in this document.
What’s New In Edition 04

Technical improvements done in the document regarding the DC input voltage.
In Edition 03
Technical improvements done in the document.
In Edition 02
Included a section WBS Installation Material (Section 1.3.3).
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 9 / 124

Preface
In Edition 01
First official release of document.
Audience This document is intended for anyone interested in learning about WBS
functions.
Assumed Knowledge The reader must have:
General knowledge of WiMAX and especially WBS functions
Good understanding of RAN and WiMAX concepts.
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1 Overview
1 Overview
This section provides an overview of the WBS and its role in the WiMAX
network.
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1 Overview
1.1 WiMAX Overview

The following figure shows the WiMAX architecture and the logical position of
the WBS in this architecture.
Figure 1: WiMAX Architecture
1.2 Network Components

The Alcatel-Lucent WiMAX network structure depends on the specific system.
This document describes the RAN for W2, W3 and W4. In this case, the
RAN is a standalone solution working without a full core network. The RAN
has also core functionality.
1.2.1 MSS, CPE

The terms Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS) or Customer Premise Equipment
(CPE) refer to the user equipment.
The MSS is the mobile equipment by which the user connects to the WiMAX
network. It can be a card inserted in a PC (e.g. PCMCIA/PC-card or PCI-card
in a laptop). It can be also an external box linked to the PC by an USB or
Ethernet cable, and is referred to as the CPE.
1.2.2 WBS
For more information about WBS rules and functions, refer to the WBS
Functional Overview (Section 1.3).
1.2.3 9740 WAC

In WiMAX, the 9740 WAC bundles, controls and concentrates the WBS
Network Elements (NE). All 9740 WAC traffic is handled by IP protocols.
The 9740 WAC has the following main functions:
Session control function
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Data transport function.
The 9740 WAC manages the subscriber stations (MSS) of connected WBSs
that are involved in (or establishing or disconnecting) a session with the
WiMAX network.
The 9740 WAC provides all the functions needed to transport data (traffic and
control) between the 9740 WAC and the other NEs.
1.2.4 9753 OMC

The 9753 OMC provides a centralized management function for all the
elements belonging to the WiMAX access network.
The 9753 OMC collects:
Performance Counters
Alarms
Network Statistics.
The principle role of the 9753 OMC is to manage the following entities:
Topology
Transport
Software
Equipment
Radio
Security.
The 9753 OMC server hosts the DHCP, DNS and NTP servers for Alcatel
-Lucent WiMAX.
1.2.4.1 DHCP Server

A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server manages the allocation
of IP configuration information by automatically assigning IP addresses to
systems configured to use DHCP. In the WiMAX context, the 9740 WAC or other
equipment in the network may have to allocate (depending on the subscription
setup) a dynamic address to the MSS at session/connection context activation.
The range to allocate the address depends on the general rules defined by the
operators or related to the external network to be reached through the 9740
WAC. Two DHCP servers are required for resiliency purposes. One DHCP
server handles the network elements IP allocation, and the other one allocates
IPs to the MSSs connected to the system.
1.2.4.2 DNS Server

This Domain Name Server (DNS) server is used to translate names into IP
addresses. The DNS data is gathered into zones. A zone is referred to as
primary when it is the reference for the other secondary zones. The secondary
DNS zones are regularly synchronized on the primary zone.
1.2.5 AAA Server

The Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server ensures:
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1 Overview
Authentication, in that it provides the confirmation that a user who is

requesting services is a valid user of the requested network services
Authorization, in that it grants specific types of service (including ’no

service’) to a user, based on the authentication, what services they are
requesting, and the current system status
Accounting, in that it tracks the consumption of network resources by

users. This information can then be used for management, planning,
billing, or other purposes.
1.2.6 Mobile IP Entities

This section introduces the following new Mobile IP functional entities.
1.2.6.1 Mobile Node
A mobile node is a host or router that changes its point of attachment from
one network or subnetwork to another. A mobile node can change its location
without changing its IP address. It can continue to communicate with other
Internet nodes at any location using its IP address, by assuming link-layer
connectivity to an available point of attachment.
1.2.6.2 Home Agent (HA)

The Home Agent (HA) is in charge of handling the Mobile IP protocol. Each
MSS has a static IP address that is stored in the HA. As the MSS can move
around, it might be physically attached to another network than the home
network. Usually this means that it has another IP address. Therefore, the
mobile IP protocol provides two IP addresses per MSS - a static and a
dynamic one. All data from the backbone is sent to the static address. The
HA tracks the mapping of the static home IP address to the dynamic one. It
redirects/tunnels the packets to the dynamic IP address so that the MSS
actually receives the data.
1.2.6.3 Foreign Agent (FA)

In addition to the HA, the 9740 WAC also contains a Foreign Agent (FA). The
FA is a router on the mobile node’s visited network which provides routing
services to the mobile node while registered. The FA detunnels and delivers
datagrams to the mobile node that were tunneled by the mobile node’s HA.
For datagrams sent by a mobile node, the FA can serve as a default router for
registered mobile nodes.
1.2.7 NAT/Firewall
The process of network address translation (NAT) involves rewriting the
source and/or destination addresses of IP packets as they pass through
a router or firewall.
The firewall protects WiMAX entities against intrusion from untrusted networks
(like the Internet) through filtering and proper response to denial of service
attacks. It provides logical separation of traffic to corporate Intranets, using a
dedicated virtual router per Intranet, allowing overlapping private addresses in
Intranets.
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1.3 WBS Functional Overview

A WBS provides wireless Internet access to Mobile Subscriber Stations
(MSS) which are compliant with WiMAX standard IEEE 802.16e. The WBS
conveys Internet Protocol (IP) data between the MSS and the Internet by
implementing the WiMAX air interface. This provides an equivalent DSL path to
the subscriber for Internet connection and Voice over IP (VoIP) communication.
The WBS controls the air interface between the RAN and the MSS. It
implements the physical, MAC and LLC layer. Higher layers are transparent for
the WBS.
IEEE 802.16 provides up to 50 km of linear service area range and allows user
connectivity without a direct line of sight to a WBS.
The WBS is a single RF channel/single sector WBS.
In comparison to GSM and UMTS mobile networks, a lot of the functionality
in 802.16e is implemented in the WBS. The WBS - MSS connection is
characterized by the physical and the LLC/MAC layer.
1.3.1 WiMAX Base Station concept

Alcatel-Lucent offers 2 product ranges of WiMAX Base Stations for the different
deployment needs:
Compact Base Station (C-WBS)

The Compact Base Station is a single box solution with four antenna ports,
offering single sector configurations with AAS support.
Lightweight Base Station (L-WBS)

The Lightweight Base Stations are also single box solutions with two antenna
ports, offering single sector configurations at a minimized size and weight.
1.3.2 General Functions

Telecom functions cover the following areas:
Radio transmission
Baseband transmission
WBS transmission.
Central functions cover the following areas:
Operations and maintenance
Management
Cabinet and support equipment.
1.3.3 WBS Installation Material

This section describes the various installation materials used for WBS.
1.3.3.1 Power Supply Hybrid Cable

The hybrid cable is used with C-WBS and L-WBS.
A hybrid cable is composed of a power supply cable and a transmission
Ethernet cable. It is mandatory for each BS installation. The link to the power
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1 Overview
supply network, the ground and Ethernet network is ensured with the Hybrid
connection box.
The Hybrid Connection box is optional as it could be delivered by the WBS site
responsible. This box gathers the connection to two networks and the ground.
It is applicable to C-WBS and L-WBS.
1.3.3.2 Power Cable

In combination with the Power Junction Box different cable can be used
2 2 2
(2.5mm , 4mm or 6mm ) in order to increase the maximum distance between
WBS and power supply equipment.
1.3.3.3 GPS system

A GPS synchronization system is not mandatory for a stand-alone configuration
composing a single radio signal cluster.
It is composed of a receiver GPS module embedded in the WBS (C-WBS,
L-WBS) and of an antenna, feeders and jumpers. The GPS antenna signal
splitter features 4 output ports in maximum, each applicable to connect one BS.
Two solutions are possible :
one GPS Antenna, its fixation and cables for each WBS
one GPS Antenna, its fixation, GPS splitter, its fixation and cables for each
site (up to several WBS).
1.3.4 Base Station Options

This section explains the various base station options.
1.3.4.1 CEBOX
The Connection Box (CEBox) is an option for C-WBS and L-WBS.
It is required as basic item to support some optional WBS functions like:
Optical LAN connection

External alarm option
UL compliant power connection for the North American market
WBS synchronization through Russian satellite system ’Glonass’ for

Russian market.
1.3.4.2 External Alarms

971X WBS EXTERNAL ALARMS is needed by C-WBS and L-WBS to support
external alarms (4 alarms connections), it includes a module to be installed in
the CE BOX (ordered separetly) and the cables for external devices connection.
1.3.4.3 Glonass
This option is required for the Russia market, where WBS synchronization by
GLONASS (Russian satellite system) instead of GPS is requested by regulator.
For the C-WBS and the L-WBS this option is provided by a dedicated Glonass
Receiver Kit, which can be installed in the CEBox.
The kit includes the Glonass/GPS receiver and all required cables for the
connection with the C- and L-WBS.
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If the WBS is equipped with the Glonass Receiver, a dedicated GPS/Glonass

antenna is required.
The Russian receiver features GLONASS and GPS and can be operated in
3 modes:
GLONASS only
GPS only
GLONASS and GPS in co-operative mode.
Note: Each WBS, even equipped with a Glonass/GPS receiver still features the
native GPS receiver module and allows a ’fall-back’ to the traditional GPS
subsystem used.
1.3.4.4 Sun Protection Cover

A sun protection cover can be ordered for environmental or aesthetic
constraints. It could be unnecessary in case the WBS is installed indoor; it is on
the other hand mandatory for outdoor installation, and in case fan option is
selected for the WBS.
The same Sun Protection Cover is used for the L-WBS .
Figure 2: L-WBS Sun Protection Cover
Figure 3: C-WBS Sun Protection Cover
The figures below shows the C-WBS Sun Protection Cover V1 and V2.
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1 Overview
Figure 4: C-WBS Sun Protection Cover V2
1.3.4.5 Fans Unit

For the C-WBS, a Fan Unit can be ordered for an extended temperature range
from +45C up to +55C.
The Fan Unit is an extension of the C-WBS Sun Protection Cover, which is
required for this option. It is not applicable to the L-WBS.
The solution is different between the C-WBS Sun Protection Cover v1 and v2.
For deliveries to UL market (i.e. in case the UL option is selected) the C-WBS
Sun Protection Cover v1 shall be installed and thus the Fan Unit for this cover
shall be used.
1.3.5 9710 C-WBS General Characteristics

The following table presents the radio characteristics of the 9710 C-WBS.
Radio Characteristics Supported by 9710 C-WBS
Frequency bands 2.3-2.4 GHz

2.4-2.6 GHz
3.4-3.6 GHz
Rx sensitivity Sensitivity -94 dBm for QPSK 1/2 and 5MHz channel, measured
at antenna connector
LNA noise 3,5 dB
Implementation loss 0,5 dB
Channelization 5.0, 7.0, 8.75, 10 MHz
Max RF output power (at feeder input) 35 dBm
Antenna configurations 1Rx/Tx
Co-existence with other systems GSM

UMTS
CDMA
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Radio Characteristics Supported by 9710 C-WBS
Co-existence with other WiMAX systems Operating in other frequency bands (the same frequency band
requires 9710 C-WBS synchronization for TDD operation)
Site sharing with other WiMAX systems Operating in other frequency bands (the same frequency band
requires 9710 C-WBS synchronization for TDD operation)
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1 Overview
The following table presents the physical layer characteristics of the 9710
C-WBS.
Physical Layer Characteristics Supported by 9710 C-WBS
Air interface multiple access Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA) as described in

802.16e
FFT sizes 1024

512
256, 128 only HW support
Duplex Mode TDD
Frame length HW support: 2 / 5 / 10 ms

SW support: only 5 ms
Symbol structures Downlink: PUSC, FUSC, (optional FUSC, AMC only

HW support)
Uplink: PUSC, (optional PUSC, AMC only HW
support)
DL:UL Frame ratio 1:1 to 3:1
Modulation Downlink: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM

Uplink: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM
Cyclic Prefix 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32
DL/UL Map Normal, extended, compressed
CDMA support in ranging channels Initial ranging

Periodic ranging
BW request
Error Correction Coding Convolutional coding (TB-CC): CC, CTC

Only HW support for: ZT-CC, CTC, BTC, LDPC
Repetition coding
Multiple Antenna Processing AAS and fast feedback supported

STbC, MIMO, TXDiv: supported by HW
RX Diversity for 2 antenna configurations
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The following table presents the mechanical characteristics of the 9710 C-WBS.
Mechanical Characteristics Supported by 9710 C-WBS
Power supply AC/DC between 230V and 85V

DC 48 V: This function is planned for future evolutions.
Battery backup Not provided internally
Power consumption Typical/Max 190W/250W
Temperature range Max. +45 C with convect. Cooling; max +55 C with optional
fan.
MTBF target 6 years
Environmental conditions EU: ETS 300 019-1-4, class 4.1;

IP 55US: NEBS requirements:
GR-63-Core: Physical Protection
GR-1089-Core: EMC and Electric Safety
UL-60950: ANSI standards on safety
1.3.6 9715 L-WBS General Characteristics

The following table presents the radio characteristics of the 9715 L-WBS.
Radio Characteristics Supported by 9715 L-WBS
Frequency bands 2.3-2.4 GHz

2.4-2.6GHz
3.4-3.6 GHz
Rx sensitivity Sensitivity -94 dBm for QPSK 1/2 and 5MHz channel, measured at
antenna connector
LNA noise 3,5 dB
Implementation loss 0,5 dB
Channelization 5.0, 7.0, 8.75, 10 MHz
Max RF output power (at feeder 35 dBm

input)
Antenna configurations Rx/Tx
Co-existence with other systems GSM

UMTS
CDMA
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1 Overview
Radio Characteristics Supported by 9715 L-WBS
Co-existence with other WiMAX Operating in other frequency bands (the same frequency band
systems requires 9715 L-WBS synchronization for TDD operation)
Site sharing with other WiMAX Operating in other frequency bands (the same frequency band
systems requires 9715 L-WBS synchronization for TDD operation)
The following table presents the physical layer characteristics of the 9715
L-WBS.
Physical Layer Characteristics 9715 L-WBS
Air interface multiple access Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA) as described in 802.16e
FFT sizes 1024

512
256, 128 only HW support
Duplexing TDD
Frame length HW support: 2 / 5 / 10 ms

SW support: only 5 ms
Symbol structures Downlink: PUSC, FUSC, (optional FUSC, AMC only

HW support)
Uplink: PUSC, (optional PUSC, AMC only HW
support)
DL:UL Frame ratio 1:1 to 3:1
Modulation Downlink: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM

Uplink: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM
Cyclic Prefix 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32
DL/UL Map Normal, extended, compressed
CDMA support in ranging channels Initial ranging

Periodic ranging
BW request
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Physical Layer Characteristics 9715 L-WBS
Error Correction Coding Convolutional coding (TB-CC): CC, CTC

Only HW support for: ZT-CC, CTC, BTC, LDPC
Repetition coding
Multiple Antenna Processing AAS and fast feedback supported

STbC, MIMO, TXDiv: supported by HW
RX Diversity for 2 antenna configurations
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1 Overview
The following table presents the mechanical characteristics of the 9715 L-WBS.
Mechanical Characteristics Supported by 9715 L-WBS
Power supply DC: 48 V
Battery backup Not provided internally
Power consumption Typical/Max 120W/170W
Temperature range Max. +55 C with convect. Cooling;
MTBF target 6 years
Environmental conditions ETS 300 019-1-3 class 3.2

ETS 300 019-1-4 class 4.1
IP 55US: NEBS requirements:
GR-63-Core: Physical Protection
GR-1089-Core: EMC and Electric Safety
UL-60950: ANSI standards on safety
1.3.7 Clock Synchronization

The clock synchronization is used to provide a synchronous clock to all boards
in the system. This option consists of a clock and a frame signal. The global
clock has a frequency of 26MHz and the frame signal has the same length as
the used OFDMA frame. Initially, the WBS only supports a 5 ms frame, but the
HW must be able to handle 2 ms and 10 ms frames as well.
The WBS must be synchronised with a very high precision. The synchronisation
signal is retrieved from a timing receiver and used for synchronisation of the
base station clock, TDD frame phase synchronisation and frame number
assignment within the WiMAX radio network
The different synchronisation modes are Free-running, GPS, GLONASS and
GPS & GLONASS.
1.3.7.1 GPS
By default, the WBS is synchronised by a ’1 pulse per second’ signal from the
GPS receiver, which is integrated in the base station.
If the WBS loses the GPS synchronization, the GPS alarm is sent 20 minutes
after the synchronization is lost. After 8 hours the WBS goes out of service and
the OMC operator is informed about it.
The WBS allows an operation without GPS signal for 8 hours holdover time
without performance degradation, assuming a stable GPS synchronisation for
at least 1/2 hours before GPS loss.
Within 8 hours the operator can perform a hot swap of the GPS Antenna/ Cable
/ Splitter, when the WBS will still be operational.
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1.3.7.2 Free Running

In any operational mode, there is always an oven controlled oscillator mounted
on the base station. The principle is to discipline the oscillator via an algorithm
by a reference pulse provided by the GPS module.
Free running mode can also be used in a condition as long as no interference
withother BS exist.
1.3.7.3 GLONASS
As an option, dedicated for Russian market, the WBS can be delivered with
a GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver instead of the
GPS receiver.
Glonass is a add-on feature provided by a Glonass kit for functional extensions
contained in the CE box.
The existing GPS receiver module in each BS is not touched and still
operational. The swap is maintained by a changed software initialization
and configuration.
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2 Radio Principles
2 Radio Principles
This section describes the radio principles in terms of channels, cells, sectors,
handover and RF power control.
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2 Radio Principles
2.1 Channel Organization

The radio interface between the UE and the WBS is the Uu interface. It provides
the radio interface with UE. It carries both signaling and traffic information.
This section provides an overview of the most important channels used in
the WBS.
2.1.1 Physical Channels

A physical channel is characterized by its bandwidth and the channel impulse
response. It contains carriers that are modulated depending on the modulation
scheme. Refer to the following sections for more information about the basic
terms of the 802.16 standard.
2.1.1.1 Sizes
Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) sizes point out how often a channel is
sampled in the frequency domain. Therefore, the FFT size corresponds to the
number of the subcarriers in the channel.
To cover multiple bandwidths with a similar subcarrier spacing, four FFT sizes
are possible in 802.16e:
128
512
1024
2048.
FFT sizes are limited and not every channel bandwidth has its own number of
subcarriers. This results in differences in subcarrier spacing.
The following figure shows a channel with 2048 subcarriers.
Figure 5: Channel with 2048 Subcarriers
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2 Radio Principles
The number of subcarriers also includes the guard band subcarriers. In the
example, only 1703 subcarriers are located in the actual transmission channel.
2.1.1.2 Subcarrier
A subcarrier (SCa) is the smallest physical unit in the OFDM system. It is
modulated with the data stream.
There are four different types of subcarriers:
Data SCa, used for data transmission
Guard SCa, used in the guard bands of each channel for adjacent channel
attenuation and regular signal decay
Pilot SCa, used for channel estimations
Direct Current (DC) SCa is the center frequency of the channel and
is not modulated.
The following figure presents these subcarriers.
Figure 6: Subcarrier Types
Depending on the permutation schemes, the pilot and data subcarriers are
allocated differently to logical units. For more information, refer to Logical
Channel (Section 2.1.2).
2.1.2 Logical Channel

2.1.2.1 General Frame Structure
TDD shares one frequency band in uplink and downlink. The directions are
only separated in time.
In contrast, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, which is planned for later
releases, has a separate frequency band for uplink and downlink. Since traffic
is considered to be mainly asymmetric, the TDD mode is favored in terms of
spectral efficiency.
Transmission Frame
As shown in the following figure, a transmission frame is the basic unit for data
transport. It is anchored in the MAC layer of the 802.16 standard.
A transmission frame has the following basic properties:
Lasts for a certain time (number of symbols) - approximately 5 ms
Each transmission frame allocates logical resources to the users
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2 Radio Principles
Each frame has a downlink and an uplink subframe wherein only downlink
or uplink data is transmitted
Each subframe has a schedule called MAP that contains information about
the location of the data inside the corresponding subframe.
Figure 7: Transmission Frame Structure
Every single data or control bit between the MSS and WBS is scheduled or
transmitted in such a frame.
Each connection in the frame is characterized by the number of subchannels
and by the number of symbols that are allocated to that connection.
Subchannel/Symbol Time Area
Visualize a connection like a plane with a symbol time and a subchannel
dimension. Increasing one of the dimensions increases the data traffic of the
connection. Figure 7 shows a very basic frame structure.
2.1.2.2 Mapping Subcarriers to Subchannels

Subchannel
A logical subchannel consists of a number of physical subcarriers. The
permutation scheme defines the pattern for mapping the subcarriers to the
subchannels. Subcarriers of a subchannel must not be adjacent.
A subchannel is the time constant unit within a transmission frame. It consists
of varying subcarriers and can be allocated to different connections over the
time. It is a logical transmission resource.
Segmentation
Segmentation is an option within 802.16 that facilitates the division of a
transmission channel into groups of subchannels:
Each segment contains a number of subchannels
The bandwidth of the transmission channel is divided by the number

of segments
Subchannels of one segment (respectively, the subcarriers) cannot be

reused in another segment
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2 Radio Principles
Segmentation is done by interleaving the subcarriers in the Frequency

Domain
Each segmentation has its own MAC instance.
Each segment has a separate transmission frame with all the elements,
including preamble, UL MAP, DL MAP. The transmission frames can be
interleaved in the Frequency Domain, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 8: Frequency Interleaved Transmission Frames - Segmentation
One subcarrier can be used only in one segment at a given time.

This is shown in the following figure, where the groups are the equivalent
of the described segments.
Figure 9: Subcarrier Mapping
Permutation
Permutation controls the mapping of the physical resources (the subcarriers) to
the logical resources (the subchannels). In order to reduce the sensitivity of a
single subchannel towards spectral fading, a subchannel uses its assigned
subcarriers only for a number of symbols. Afterwards, the subcarriers are
reallocated to the subchannels, according to the permutation scheme.
Permutation Schemes
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2 Radio Principles
802.16 defines several permutation schemes for various requirements towards

interference robustness.
Generally they are divided into:
Full and partial subchannel usage modes
Distributed and adjacent permutations

Uplink and downlink modes.
Distributed Permutations
Distributed permutations use the full spectral diversity of the subcarriers for
the permutation of a subchannel, as shown in Figure 9. This optimizes the
robustness of a network towards spectral sensitivity.
Adjacent Permutations
Adjacent permutations assign adjacent sub carriers to a subchannel. This mode
is used for fixed wireless installations and increased throughput scenarios, as
adjacent sub carriers allow faster system feedback and permutation processing.
FUSC
Fully Used SubChannelization (FUSC) applies when all sub carriers can
be assigned to each of the subchannels. This mode gets all the benefits
from spectral diversity as subchannels are distributed evenly over the entire
channel spectrum.
PUSC
Partially Used SubChannelization (PUSC) is based on the concept of
segmentation. The channel is divided into a maximum of three segments. In
PUSC mode, the sub carriers are allocated first to the segments and then to
the subchannels belonging to the dedicated segment. This mode still benefits
from spectral diversity but depends on the type of segmentation.
TUSC
Tile Usage of SubChannels (TUSC) is similar to the uplink PUSC permutation
scheme in terms of sub carrier - subchannel allocation. This schema has
some special characteristics that are mainly intended for usage within AAS
enhanced networks.
AMC
Advanced Modulation and Coding (AMC) uses adjacent sub carriers to build
a subchannel. Like the TUSC scheme, it is mainly intended for use in AAS
networks.
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2 Radio Principles
Permutation Type Uplink Downlink
Distributed PUSC PUSC
OPUSC FUSC
TUSC OFUSC
TUSC
Adjacent AMC AMC
Table 1: Permutation Modes
2.1.2.3 SOFDMA Frame Structure

This section describes the SOFDMA frame and resource allocation principles.
SOFDMA Frame
The following figure shows a SOFDMA frame with its two dimensions: the
subchannels and the symbol time. SOFDMA is an extension to OFDMA that
uses TDMA, to ensure more flexible resource allocation.
Figure 10: OFDMA Frame with One Zone
Preamble
Preambles are used in 802.16 as synchronization and equalization tools:
Preambles are transmitted on all subchannels, and always in the first

symbol of the frame
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2 Radio Principles
In the case of segmentation, a preamble only uses the subchannels

belonging to the dedicated segment
Preambles are coded in QPSK 1/2 to ensure robustness and low sensitivity
towards interference.
FCH
The Frame Control Header (FCH) is always transmitted on the first four
subchannels directly after the preamble. The FCH determines the length of
the downlink MAP and is received by all MSSs.
MAP
DL MAP and UL MAP are MAC messages that schedule the beginning
of the bursts in the OFDMA frame. They contain the coordinates of the
subchannel/symbol time area of each burst. MAP messages are broadcasts,
as each MSS needs to know when its burst will be transmitted and when
it is scheduled to transmit data. Broadcast messages are received by all
subscribers.
A DL MAP contains:
Synchronization information
DL Burst Description and beginnings
A list of Connection Identifiers (CIDs) in each downlink burst (optional)
The boost factor defines power adjustments for each burst in the range of
-12dB up to +9dB
Base Station ID (BSID).
An UL MAP contains:
UL Burst Descriptions and beginnings
The beginning of uplink grants that each burst has only one MSS in uplink.
Burst
Every data transfer in UL or DL is handled by a connection.
Each connection has parameters concerning its transmission:
Modulation Type
Forward Error Correction (FEC) class
Thresholds for entering other modulation schemes or FECs.
According to these parameters, twelve different burst profiles can be handled

by the system (vendor specific). The standard allows more profiles, however,
to reduce complexity, they are limited to twelve.
Each connection belongs to one of the burst profiles and is therefore transmitted
within that part of the frame. Burst definitions differ in uplink and in downlink.
Downlink Bursts
A burst in downlink contains the connections of one or several MSSs with the
same modulation and FEC class.
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2 Radio Principles
This is because an MSS can only handle one modulation/FEC type at a time.
The DL MAP does not indicate the beginning of the connections or Service
Flows within the burst; this management is the responsibility of the MSS.
In downlink, bursts can be as wide as the frame in the subchannel domain and
as long as the downlink subframe in the time domain.
Uplink Bursts
A burst in uplink does not contain several MSSs as, in a shared medium,
only one physical item should transmit at a time. Each burst is dedicated to
only one MSS, although the modulation and FEC class is constant for the
MSS and therefore for the burst. There may also be bursts with the same
modulation/FEC class but assigned to different MSSs.
Reduced Number of Subchannels Per User in Uplink
In uplink, the number of subchannels that are allocated to a burst in parallel
is reduced. The symbol data of a burst is located line by line into the uplink
subframe. Theoretically, an uplink burst can contain as many subchannels as
possible in an uplink subframe. A reduced set of subchannels used per MSS
results in increased power per subchannel. This is very important in terms of
link budget. An MSS has a lower transmit power than a WBS, which can be
compensated by a reduced simultaneous usage of subchannels.
TTG/RTG
The purpose of the Transmit Transition Gap (TTG) between the DL and the
UL subframe is to enable the WBS to switch from transmit to receive and
vice versa for the MSS. The Receive Transmit Gap (RTG) enables the WBS
to switch from receive to transmit.
Zones
As described above, uplink and downlink sub frames can contain multiple
permutation zones. Zones are like autonomous parts of a frame but they all
share the same preamble and Frame Control Header (FCH). As each zone has
special characteristics, it is necessary to indicate their beginning in the MAPs.
Note that in Figure 10, only the mandatory PUSC schemes are conveyed.
2.1.3 Backbone Transport Channels

The backbone provides the connection between the WBS and 9740 WAC. The
WBSs are installed at the same site and build a three-sector WBS. Each
WBS includes a 1GB Ethernet switch that is used to interconnect the WBS
to the Transport Adapter unit (TA).
The backbone presented by the Transport Adapter provides a different
bandwidth.
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2 Radio Principles
2.1.4 Channel Coding

Channel coding is performed to increase the resilience of the useful data
against the harsh conditions on the radio channel.
Channel coding is composed of three steps, applied in the following order at
transmission:
Randomization
FEC
Interleaving.
Randomization
Data randomization is performed on each allocation (downlink and uplink),
which means that for each allocation of a data block (subchannels in the
frequency domain and symbol time in the time domain), the randomizer is
used independently. This technique increases robustness against block
errors. Preambles are not randomized. The bits issued from the randomizer
are applied to the encoder. The encoding is performed by first passing the
data in block format through the RS encoder and then passing it through
the convolutional encoder.
FEC
The FEC is REED-Solomon outer code with rate compatible convolutional inner
code. Optional Block or Convolutional Turbo codes are allowed.
Interleaving
Interleaving is performed (by a block interleaver with a block size corresponding
to the number of coded bits per allocated subchannels per symbol) on all
encoded data bits
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2 Radio Principles
2.2 Cell Description

A cell is a WBS logical unit that represents the ability to support a RAN cell.
A cell is identified by a cell id. The cell id is used to uniquely identify a cell in a
WBS. The WBS rejects a cell creation if the cell already exists. At cell creation,
if the WBS has not received all the cell parameters, then the WBS uses the
default values of these parameters.
The operator may map/unmap a cell to a sector which is equivalent to the
creation/deletion of a cell.
A logical sector is the geographical area defined by the orientation of an antenna
(azimuth) on a WBS site, whereas a physical sector is a set of WBS transceiver
and antenna network equipment connected to one or more antennas.
2.3 Sector Description

A sector represents an angle in the space that defines the geographical zone
covered by one or several antennas.
The WBS creates a sector when the NEM-B local mode/remote mode operator
assigns a sector id to four antenna ports.
2.4 Power Control

Power Control (PC) is a mechanism used to minimize interference and power
consumption in a network. It can be deployed in UL and DL. In the 802.16(e)
standard, only UL PC is currently available. Controlling the TX power of the
MSS ensures that only the power level needed at the WBS is received - no
more and no less. Power control is done initially at the network entry and
periodically due to fading and MSS movement.
DL power control is definitely useful for a network to actively minimize
interference. Nevertheless, in 802.16, it can be simulated by other means. Each
MSS has a dedicated burst profile in DL. If the link budget changes, the MSS
is assigned to another burst profile fitting the new CINR values. In this way,
controlling DL power per MSS is unnecessary. The concept resembles HSDPA
in UMTS. Nevertheless, interference to neighboring cells cannot be minimized
dynamically. The DL power of the WBS stays almost constant all the time.
In order to cover power fluctuations due to varying distances or fading, an MSS
must fulfill the following characteristics:
30 dB/s reaction zone
45 dB PC spread (considered to be too low, 70 dB is preferred).
2.5 Handover
Handover (HO) is defined within the 802.16(e) standard. Generally speaking, a
handover in a WiMAX system has the most stages. For more information about
HO, refer to the following sections.
2.5.1 Cell Reselection

The MSS checks the signal level of neighboring WBSs on a regular basis,
through initial ranging. Based on these measurements, potential target WBSs
are selected and stored in a list referred to as the active set.
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2 Radio Principles
2.5.2 Handover Decision

If a dedicated threshold for a HO is violated, either the MSS or the WBS can
decide to handover a MSS from a serving WBS to the target WBS via:
The Air interface
A Service Flow
A Network Attachment.
If the WBS discovers the need for a handover, it will inform the target WBS
via backbone messaging.
If the MSS triggers the handover, the target WBS does not know anything about
the target WBS. Target WBS and MSS start communicating via initial ranging.
2.5.3 Identify Target WBS

After the decision to process a HO, the MSS needs to identify the WBSId, the
physical frequency of the target WBS, and prepare to range it.
2.5.4 Network Reentry

There are two modes in which the MSS can process ranging:
The old WBS notifies the target WBS of the ranging request of the MSS
The MSS initially ranges through the ranging area of the target WBS.
In either case, the target WBS must answer with a RNG-RSP to the MSS.
2.5.5 Termination of Service

Finally, after the previous steps, the MSS abandons all existing connections to
the previous serving WBSs, including all services and contexts.
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3 Transmission and Supporting Functions
This section describes the functional transmission architecture of the WBS ,

including the baseband, radio and interfaces.
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3.1 Interfaces
The WBS uses:
External interfaces
Internal interfaces.
3.1.1 External Interface Overview

The following figure provides an overview of the WBS interfaces.
Figure 11: External Interfaces
The RAN NE communicate through three logical interfaces (R1, R3, R6).
The transport is IP-based.
The external interfaces are:
The LAN1 and/or LAN2 interfaces towards the 9753 OMC, the file servers
and the 9740 WAC. Each of them is connected to NEMO’s Ethernet switch.
Optionally, two optical transceiver modules (SFP) can be equipped and

used instead of the LAN 1/LAN 2 interfaces.
Towards the LMT (local NEM) using the local Ethernet connector
Towards an external device (e.g. Antenna Device Controller) using the

Antenna Device interface, connected to NEMO’s Ethernet switch.
Towards the optional external alarms connector. This interface inputs alarm
information from external devices. The OAM has to manage an alarm line
latch, which is connected to the WBS internal I2C bus.
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Towards the OAM Debug interface using an RS232 connector. This

interface is only used to output debug and test information on a PC (terminal
session), but it is not relevant for any OAM management action.
Air interface towards the Subscriber Stations (MSS) using a maximum of
four Tx/Rx antennas
Air interface towards the GPS system using a GPS receiver antenna. The
GPS system is composed of several satellites spawning a network.
The External Alarm interface.
3.1.2 Internal Interfaces

The internal interfaces are:
Analog Baseband Interface (ABI)

RF Downlink Interface (RFDI)
RF Uplink Interface (RFUI)
Clock and Synchronization Interface
I2C Interface.
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3.2 WBS Logical Units

The OAM application of the WBS manages the following logical units by
reporting and supervising the state and defining fault management for the
objects.
3.2.1 Physical Port

A physical port is defined as an interface connector for the WBS. Two Ethernet
interfaces are available. Each physical port is mapped on an interface index in
the interface table. The internal interfaces are not considered to be physical
ports. Note that the physical ports are managed by NEM only. The following
table defines the interface indexes and their mapping to physical ports.
Physical Port Interface Index
Ethernet LAN1 TRANS1
Ethernet LAN2 TRANS2
Table 2: Physical Port
3.2.2 Signalling Link

A Common Control Channel (CCCH), routed via the THFE interface and the
Ethernet switch, is used by the MCA and the 9740 WAC application to transfer
control information.
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3.3 Radio Transmission Functions

The Base Station operates in TDD Mode.
3.3.1 Front End Unit (FEU)

The Frontend Unit contains the power amplifier (PA), the low noise amplifier
(LNA), the RF filter and the Rx/Tx antenna switch to implement the TDD
mode of operation.
The RF filter is used in both Rx and Tx directions. In the Tx direction, the filter
prevents the emission of spurious out of band RF power. In the RX direction,
the filter provides sufficient adjacent channel rejection to maximize the carrier
to interference and noise ratio (CINR) at LNA input.
3.3.1.1 Power Amplifier (PA)

The power amplifier is used in the transmit path and delivers the envisaged
35dBm RF output power to the antenna connector.
3.3.1.2 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)

The low noise amplifier is used in the receive path and amplifies the received
antenna signal.
3.3.2 WBS Configuration

WBS can be connected mainly in two different configurations. They are:
Star Configuration
Daisy Chain Configuration.
The Daisy Chain Configuration has the following connections:

Fast Ethernet connection
Gigabit Ethernet connection.
Note: The physical connections between the WBS’s are Gigabit Ethernet connection,
but the rate between WBS and 9740 WAC is limited to Fast Ethernet.
The following figure shows the Daisy Chain Configuration:
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 43 / 124

Figure 12: The Daisy Chain Configuration - Fast Ethernet Connection
The GPS antenna can also be connected using a GPS Splitter.
Note: As long as the switch inside the WBS #1 is operational (powered), the WBSs
connected in the chain will also be operational. In case a WBS is completely
switched-off, the WBSs in the chain are no more reachable.
The following figure shows the Star Configuration
Required number of WBS Optical Interfaces per site:
Star configuration: Number of WBS Optical Interfaces = Number of WBS
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Chain configuration: Number of WBS Optical Interfaces = 2 x Number of

WBS –1
3.3.3 Adaptive Antenna System (AAS)

The 802.16(e) standard includes sophisticated antenna technologies to
enhance broadband service distribution.
Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) is the generic term for the various antenna
systems that aim to either increase the throughput of a mobile network system
or to increase the coverage range and therefore decrease interference.
In general, there are three different applications for smart antennas:
Beam Forming
RX /TX Diversity
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO).
3.3.3.1 Smart Antennas

A smart or adaptive antenna is an antenna with a pattern that is not fixed, but
which adapts to the current radio conditions.
A smart antenna consists of several phase-controlled dipoles that are lined up
in distances smaller than a wavelength (for beam forming, other applications
support greater distances). By controlling the phase and amplitude of these
dipoles separately, an antenna main beam can be formed towards the user
dynamically in time and space.
Typically, a smart antenna can update its pattern in dimensions of 2-3 symbol
durations. Figure 13 illustrates an example of a smart antenna structure.
The term ’smart antenna’ includes the antenna and its element and, in
particular, the processing unit which controls the antenna intelligence. Without
processing power, intelligent systems are impossible.
Figure 13: Smart Antenna Design
3.3.3.2 Beam Forming

Beam forming is the classic application of smart antennas.
In order to increase the covered distance, the WBS antenna can focus one
or several antenna beams dynamically on the directions in which the active
user is located. Consequently, users can be connected to the WBS in greater
distances. Although beam forming is performed only on the WBS side, it is
useful in the DL as well as the UL direction as the antenna gain affects both
sides of the link budget. In this way, the user terminal can stay passive.
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 45 / 124

Beam forming provides the following benefits:

Extended coverage
Higher capacity (better link quality = higher modulation schema – if cell

range stays constant)
Interference reduction (null steering of side lobes towards strong interferers
and less interference applied to other users).
The major drawbacks of beam forming are:
No cross polarization
A coherent signal is needed at the antenna array, otherwise antenna dipoles

cannot be controlled exactly in phase and amplitude
Problems may occur with extended broadcast range.
The prerequisites for beam forming are:
Limited delay spread on propagation path. A focused beam should not be

scattered too much otherwise it loses its focus (best in LoS deployment)
Rural, suburban, urban scenarios or other environments with low delay
spread characteristics
The WBS must be located higher than the reflectors in order to have LoS or
near LoS scenario.
Figure 14: Beam Forming
3.3.3.3 RX/TX Diversity

As opposed to the UMTS NodeB, the WBS cannot detect if a Tx diversity
configuration is used or not.
If a FEU is configured to send a test signal, as is done during the UMTS RFI
cabling detection scenario, the FEU’s receiver always detects this signal. In the
case of 4 FEUs, a 4Rx/4Tx configuration is always detected. Consequently, the
number of equipped FEU modules and connected antennas is not sufficient to
determine the antenna configuration.
During commissioning, the operator must decide if an AAS, 4Rx/2Tx, 4Rx/1Tx,
2Rx/2Tx, 2Rx/1Tx or 1Rx/1Tx configuration is used.
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In order to define the number of used receive antennas, which may be less than
or equal to the number of equipped FEU modules, the operator must define the
antenna port - sector mapping during commissioning, in the antenna port table.
In order to define the number of used transmit antennas, the operator has to
define the antenna port – transmitter mapping during commissioning.
The sector state calculation takes into account if several FEUs are equipped
and operational to support a single sector.
If 4 Rx antennas are configured, the WBS is configured for AAS usage in uplink.
If 4 Tx antennas are configured, the WBS is configured for AAS usage in
downlink.
3.3.3.4 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

MIMO is the most sophisticated smart antenna solution. It is based on spatial
multiplexing in addition to the other multiple access technologies such TDMA in
OFDM (OFDMA). The easiest approach to MIMO is to imagine multiple TX
and multiple RX antennas. Each of the TX antennas sends out a signal on the
same frequency. Every RX antenna receives each of those signals of the TX
antennas. Literally every signal has its own propagation path. If the propagation
characteristics between TX and RX antennas are known, the receiver can
distinguish all signals from each other although they use the same frequency.
The following figure shows the different propagation characteristics. Those
parameters can be derived via training sequences (without RX feedback) or
through RX feedback (closed loop MIMO).
Figure 15: MIMO Illustration
A special scenario with only one RX and several TX antennas is called Space
Time Coding (STC), for which the user equipment is the RX and, for the
WBS, the TX site.
MIMO provides the following benefits:
Theoretically n-times capacity with n TX antennas

RX does not necessarily need more antennas (but it is better for the SNR).
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The major drawbacks of MIMO are:

Overhead due to feedback messages in closed loop mode
A coherent signal needed at the antenna array for exact phase control
Problems with extended broadcast range, as not all users can be processed
simultaneously
Several RX antennas are needed, therefore there is no backward

compatibility to non MIMO RX equipment.
The prerequisites for RX/TX diversity are:
Gain only in strong fading areas (high multipath) that the propagation paths
coefficients differentiate in the best possible manner
Extremely dense urban areas, hot zones and other environments with
high multi path
The WBS must be located lower than reflectors in order to have high
scattering for highest possible difference between the multi paths.
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3.3.4 Antenna Device Control (ADC)

Remote control of the antenna (Tilt) device allows reduction of cell size on
demand and thereby capacity increase when required during high traffic load
times or increased WBS density in the WRAN. This is shown in the following
figure. The ADC is not seen by OAM.
Figure 16: Antenna Device Control
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3.4 Support Equipment Functions

3.4.1 Fan Hat
The fan units reduce the temperature of the modules to prevent hardware
damage due to overheating.
The Top-FAN is only partly managed by the OAM. This means that the FAN
is not switched on/off by the OAM and specifically, that the fan speed is not
controlled by the OAM. Only one alarm line (FAN_ALM) is supervised by
the OAM.
3.4.2 Power Supply Functions

The AC/DC power supply unit delivers the necessary voltages to supply the
devices of the WBS. The input is 110V/230V, 50/60Hz mains voltage.
The AC/DC power supply is used to convert AC mains to the requested DC
voltages needed within the WBS. The AC/DC power supply is only partly
managed by the OAM, meaning that no DC power can be switched on/off by
the OAM. Specifically, the FEU and RFCO units cannot be powered on/off by
the OAM. The OAM only supervises the power supply alarm line (SV_ALM).
Although two different power supplies are foreseen, only one alarm line exists
because the other one is needed to supervise the Top-FAN (FAN_ALM).
Therefore, if one power supply fails, the OAM cannot distinguish the faulty
power supply from the good power supply. Moreover, the OAM cannot detect
which of the FEUs are still usable.
The power supply unit has the following power outputs:
+6V for the NEMO board
+6V for the QUAD_RFCO boards

4 * +6V for the FEU boards
4 * +28V for the power amplifiers (PA) inside of the FEU module.
Internal battery backup is not foreseen.
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4 Management Functions
This section describes the central management functions of the WBS.
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4.1 State Management

Four states are defined:
Operational state
Availability status
Administrative state
Communication state.
A state change can be caused by a failure, a local recovery action or by an

operator interaction.
The following table shows the different states possible for managed objects.
Managed Operational Availability Administrative Communication

Object
WBS X X X
NEMO X X
MAC X X
PHY X X
RFCO X X X
FEU X X X
Logical Units:
Cell X
Sector X X
Physical Port X X
Signaling Link X
Table 3: Management States
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4.1.1 Operational States

The operational state indicates whether or not the related equipment is
performing its function.
Operational state values are Enabled and Disabled.
4.1.1.1 Operational State Disabled
Module Operational All Cells Availability Notes

State Operational Status
State
Disable WBS Disabled Disabled Powered off
Disable MAC Disabled Disabled Powered off The module is put into a permanent reset
state.
Disable PHY Disabled Disabled Powered off The module is put into a permanent reset
state.
Disable Disabled Disabled The RFCO is put into a permanent reset

RFCO state.
Disable FEU Disabled The FEU is put into a permanent reset

state.
Disable PP Disabled The alarm reporting of the PP is

suppressed; only OFF alarms are reported.
Disable SL Disabled
Table 4: Operational States, Disable Modules
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4.1.1.2 Operational State Enabled
Module Operational State Notes
Enable WBS Enabled The signalling links towards the 9740 WAC must be
re-established (CCCH).
Enable MAC Enabled
Enable PHY Enabled
Enable RFCO Enabled Alarm reporting is enabled.
Enable FEU Enabled
Enable Physical Enabled The alarm reporting of the PP is activated.

Port
Enable SL Enabled All SL and cell operational states are enabled.
Table 5: Operational States, Enable Modules
4.1.2 Administrative States

The administrative state is used to activate and deactivate the functions of
a managed object.
The administrative state is independent of the operational state. The attribute is
used to activate and deactivate the functions of a managed entity.
Possible administrative state values are Locked and Unlocked.
4.1.2.1 Administrative State Locked
Module AdministrativeOperational Availability Notes

State State Status
Lock WBS Locked Disabled All SL and cell operational states are
disabled.
All telecom traffic is no longer available.
Lock RFCO Locked Disabled Powered off’ All pending alarms are cleared and
removed from the alarm table. For each
cleared alarm, an Alarm Notification is sent
to the subscribed SNMs.
Lock FEU Locked Disabled Powered off’ All pending alarms are cleared and
removed from the alarm table. For each
cleared alarm, an alarm notification is sent
to the subscribed NMs.
Lock Physical Down Disabled The alarm reporting of the PP is

Port suppressed; only OFF alarms are reported.
Table 6: Administrative States, Lock Modules
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4.1.2.2 Administrative State Unlocked
Module Administrative Operational Notes

State State
Unlock WBS Unlock Enable WBS to establish signaling link.

Telecom traffic is available again.
Unlock RFCO Unlock Enable
Unlock FEU Unlock Enable
Unlock Physical Up Enable The alarm reporting of the PP is activated.

Port
Table 7: Administrative States, Unlock Modules
4.1.3 Communication States

The communication state indicates whether the NM or the remote NEM-B can
manage the WBS. It does NOT indicate if the NEM-B is connected.
Possible communication states are:
Online: The WBS can communicate with all entities (including the NM,
remote NEM-B, local NEM-B and all servers)
Offline: The WBS does not permit modification of configuration

parameters from the NM or remote NEM-B; it permits reading access
only. It is still connected to the DCN (the Code Server, NTP Server and
Backup/Restoration Servers are accessible). Normal communication with
the local NEM-B is possible. NEM-B exclusivity is guaranteed.
Offline mode can be set from NEM-B only:
During commissioning (that is, while the NE is not connected to the DCN)
If connection to the DCN is lost and the operator must go onsite to fix the
problem (for example, to install software or restore the database)
In operational situations where the NE is ‘logically disconnected from
the DCN’ to avoid disrupting the 9753 OMC operator and the O&M
task procedure.
Example: A hardware extension procedure that requires a local onsite
visit with re-cabling and/or re-plugging boards. The 9753 OMC operator
does not see the alarms. Other operators cannot interfere with this
process.
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4.1.4 State Changes

If the operational state or the availability state of a unit changes, the subscribed
NMs are notified. A state change notification is a general mechanism that
occurs each time a state changes.
A state change is caused by a failure, a local recovery action or an operator
interaction.
The following state changes can occur on managed objects during scenarios:
More than one state is possible

Not applicable
Operational state enabled
Operational state disabled
Administrative state unlocked
Administrative state locked

Availability status empty
Availability status powered off
Availability status faulty
Availability status degraded
Availability status dependency

Availability status failed
Availability status initializing.
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4.2 Time Management

The WBS provides time information for the following purposes:
Operator request (bsTime Mib object)
Alarm reporting.
Performance measurement reporting

Radio Trace files.
The standard UTC timescale is used. The WRAN provides a common time
reference, which is propagated by a NTP server located on the 9753 OMC. The
WBS acts as an NTP client. The SNM configures the information necessary
to access the NTP server (NTP Server IP address, NTP port number). The
NTP port number is 123. In order to synchronize the local clock counter to
the WRAN reference time, OAM sends NTP messages to the configured NTP
server on start-up and periodically every hour. The received time value is
stored in RAM and used as an offset to the local clock counter.
4.3 Software Management

Software management covers:
Software downloading from the code server to the WBS
Download of the WBS internal module software

Software activation
Software acceptance
Software download abort
Software rejection
Configuration Data backup
Configuration Data restore
Code server definition
FTP access.
For more information about software management using the NEM-B, refer
to the NEM-B User Guide.
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4.4 Equipment Management

For more information about equipment management via the NEM-B, refer
to the NEM-B User Guide.
4.4.1 Remote Inventory Management

With the remote inventory function, the operator can read/write inventory
information on the EEPROM of the modules connected to the external
application (NEM-B). Inventory information is required for adequate
identification of a module (for example, part number, serial number, factory
identification).
This function is designed to optimize internal operations, such as manufacturing
and repair, and is stored in the non-volatile memory. It can therefore be
accessed even if the module is powered off. Access to electronic inventory
information enables the automatic execution of inventory management of
the installed modules. In this way, the operator can perform, automatically
or upon request, a complete remote inventory of the entire WBS, without
onsite intervention.
Remote information that can be accessed in the remote inventory includes:
Inventory storage information (location and format of the inventory

information, checksum)
Board manufacturing information (factory identification, serial number,

factory release date)
Board identification (name, identification)
Board failure information (reason for failure)

Board history information (date of the delivery to the customer, exchange
identity, first in service date)
Repair history (date of last repair, number of repair cycles).
The following actions are possible:
Get remote inventory data

Write remote inventory data.
4.4.2 Lock/Unlock Module

The following managed objects can be locked/unlocked:
WBS
RFCO
FEU
PP.
To lock a unit, the administrative state is set to ’locked’ upon operator request.
To unlock a unit, the administrative state is set to ’unlocked’ upon operator
request.
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4.4.3 Reset Module

The following units can be reset:
WBS
NEMO
MAC
PHY
RFCO
FEU.
4.4.4 Auto-Reset MAC/PHY/RFCO/FEU

Because the RFCO and FEU do not own a processor, these modules
cannot perform an auto-reset. Also, the PHY does not provide an auto-reset
functionality. In case of failures, it must be reset and reloaded by OAM. Only
the MAC provides the auto-reset functionality.
4.4.5 Modify Antenna Port/Antenna Network/Sector Mapping

The operator can modify the assignment of antenna ports to antenna networks
and antenna ports to sectors.
4.4.6 Synchronization Mode

The operator can set the clock synchronization mode.
4.4.7 WBS Remote Mode/Local Mode

The communication state can be set to ’remote mode’ or to ’local mode’
from an onsite NEM-B.
4.4.8 Commissioning
WBS commissioning is divided into:
Initial configuration
Commissioning tests.
Initial configuration involves providing the following parameters to the NEMO

OAM:
IP address and subnet mask
Mapping of antenna ports to sectors
Mapping of ANR/MANRs to antenna ports

Sector azimuth values
Logical name and location name setting
Clock synchronization mode setting.
A number of independent tests and checks are defined for commissioning tests.
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These tests ensure that:

The hardware is not damaged and can perform the expected functions
The WBS is installed correctly.
Some tests require parameters (for example, frequency or power) that the
operator can enter.
Commissioning is applied for two different reasons:
To complete WBS commissioning, usually performed upon the first

installation
Commissioning for sector extension.
Commissioning involves the following:
FEU power tests
VSWR measurement.
4.4.9 Local Maintenance

For more information about the local maintenance functions using the NEM-B
terminal, refer to Management by NEM-B (Section 5.2).
4.5 Fault Management

The fault management function handles all faults, including alarms and events.
Alarms and Events Management is the domain where all faults are treated.
A fault is either an alarm or an event. This domain also manages the SNM
subscriptions. The WBS sends SNMP notifications (traps) to the subscribed
SNMs.
Faults come from the modules in the WBS and also from the OAM. The fault
management function is part of the NEMO OAM.
The WBS alarms are sent to the SNM and requested from the NEM. The CASC
contains the list of active WBS alarms.
The purpose of fault management is to:
Collect faults from the WBS modules in the WBS
Correlate the faults, if needed
Determine which WBS alarms to report
Perform the alarm flow reduction process

Trigger local software recovery actions, if needed
Update the list of WBS active alarms
Update the states of the modules and object impacted by this WBS alarm
Report the WBS alarm and state changes to the SNM.
The alarm flow reduction process reduces the number of WBS alarms reported
to the NM/NEM-B. It consists of filtering (that is, not reporting) the WBS alarms
when they are temporary or toggling.
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The following actions are specific to alarm generation:

Set alarm severity profile
Map external alarms on ports
Get/set alarm flow reduction parameter
(Un)subscribe NM.
4.6 Radio Configuration Management

Radio configuration management performs the following functions:
Read cell information
Map/Unmap cell
Lock/Unlock cell
Enable/Disable cell
Read sector information
Lock/Unlock sector
Set sectorGeographicalAzimuth.
4.7 Transport/Signalling Management

Configuration management of transport objects involves:
Physical ports
Virtual connections
Virtual paths.
4.8 Performance Management

MAC and PHY perform constant performance measurements, and start the
performance measurements as soon as they are operational. The performance
counters are hard coded in MAC and PHY.
Performance management covers:
Performance Measurement Collection by OAM
Performance Measurement Collection by SNM
Performance Counters Definition
Performance Measurement Counter Filtering Coefficients

Set pmcGranularityPeriod
Set pmcMaxResultBlockSize.
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4.9 DCN Management

The DCN Transmission configuration covers the IP settings of the WBS, either
allocated via DHCP, which is the default case, or using fixed addresses.
4.10 Mapping of Managed Objects to Hardware

Managed objects can be either modules or logical units:
A module is defined as a hardware unit that provides a remote inventory

and/or that is removable
Logical units:
Cannot be assigned to a hardware unit
Can each have a different state and be subject to different operator
actions.
4.10.1 Managed Objects: Modules

The OAM of the WBS manages the following modules:
WBS cabinet
NEMO
RFCO
FEU
AC/DC power supply
Top-FAN
WBS Connection Box.
4.10.2 Managed Objects: Logical Units

The OAM of the WBS manages the following logical units:
Cell
Sector
Physical port (PP)
Signalling link (SL).
4.10.3 Mapping Modules to Logical Units

Each WBS hardware board is called a module or a Replaceable Item (RIT).
The WBS cabinet is a special case, as although it is a logical unit, it also has RI
data, like all physical modules. For this reason, it is listed as a physical module.
The following figure shows the modules that are mapped to logical units.
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Figure 17: Modules Mapped to Logical Units
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5 Operations and Maintenance Functions
This section describes the Operations and Maintenance provided by the WBS.
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5.1 WBS OAM Managers

The following applications manage the WBS:
The SNM, for network wide operations and configuration
The NEM, for equipment related operations and configuration, and for
commissioning.
Both the SNM and NEM can run on the 9753 OMC, and the NEM also runs
on the LMT. The managers interface the OAM, which is the Operation and
Maintenance application of the WBS. It runs on the NEMO module.
The following figure shows the OAM managers for the WBS.
Figure 18: OAM Managers for WBS
5.2 Management by NEM-B

In the WiMAX context, the NEM-B can run as a local/remote maintenance
terminal (LMT/RMT) and can be embedded in the 9753 OMC as a foreign
application.
The NEM-B must support several MIB versions at its SNMP interface; at least
the original MIB and one operational MIB must be supported. Several (two)
operational MIBs may become necessary to support different WBS software
versions, especially when upgrading the network from one release to another.
The NEM-B does not support different user profiles. The 9753 OMC
authentication mechanism takes responsibility when the NEM-B is running
as an 9753 OMC client application.
The NEM-B application manages the WBSs. It performs its monitoring and
control functions in one of two ways:
From the 9753 OMC
From the LMT.
5.2.1 Local Mode

In local mode, the NEM-B is connected to the WBS NEMO board via Ethernet.
The NEM-B is part of the WBS IP subnet. The NEM-B can change the
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communication state of the WBS to allocate the configuration rights to itself.

The NEM-B also performs commissioning tasks.
Figure 19: Local Connection, Commissioning Case
An extended set of NEM-B functions is available to the operator in local mode.

These functions are required for commissioning and to execute management
operations without disturbing the site operator (for example, software
installation, hardware configuration and database restoration).
If the NEM-B is started on the 9753 OMC and detects that the WBS is in local
mode, the NEM-B informs the 9753 OMC user and forbids write access to
the WBS.
Figure 20: Local Connection, Repair HW Extension, Reduction Case
When the NEM-B is used at the 9753 OMC via the navigation service, the
number of NEM-B instances per 9753 OMC client is limited to eight.
5.2.2 Remote Mode

In remote mode, the NEM-B is connected to the WBS via the DCN network.
NEM-B functionality is limited.
A reduced set of NEM-B features is available to the operator in remote mode.
Most notably, the alarm window is not available. Remote mode with local
connection is used when local onsite intervention is required (for example, to
replace a board or to perform basic hardware tests) while maintaining WBS
operations within the RAN.
Figure 21: Remote Connection
The NEM-B covers the following functional areas:

Fault Management:
Displays WBS alarms (local mode)
Configures alarm severity/label
Defines alarm filters (remote mode/local mode).
Remote Inventory Management (remote mode)
Software Management:
Displays WBS software inventory (remote mode)
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Loads/installs/activates WBS software and configuration data (local

mode).
Equipment Management (remote mode/local mode):

Displays WBS equipment state
Locks/unlocks hardware boards for maintenance
Displays and stores hardware inventory.
Backup and restoration of WBS data (remote mode/local mode)
Commissioning (local mode) of basic hardware and DCN configuration,

radio-antenna assignment, commissioning tests.
For more information about LMT and NEM-B WBS functions, refer to the
NEM-B User Guide.
5.3 Internal OAM Interfaces

Several internal OAM communication methods are available:
I2C bus
ECPL interface
HW Control interface
HMFE interface
THFE interface
GPS Control interface

Clock Control interface
Switch Control interface.
5.4 Counter Management

The OAM interface is organized in domains. Each domain provides counters
that are incremented if an object of the corresponding domain is changed.
These counters can be used by the SNM/NEM for resynchronization. Most of
the counters are stored in a persistent way, that is, even after a WBS reset, the
manager is not forced to resynchronize the complete set of WBS data.
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5.5 Time Management

The WBS provides time information for:
Operator requests (bsTime Mib object)
Alarm reporting
Performance Measurement reporting

Radio Trace files.
The standard UTC timescale is used. The WRAN provides a common time
reference, which is propagated by a NTP server located on the 9753 OMC. The
WBS acts as an NTP client. The SNM configures the information necessary
to access the NTP server (NTP Server IP address, NTP port number). The
NTP port number is 123.
In order to synchronize the local clock counter to the WRAN reference time, on
start-up and periodically every hour, the OAM sends NTP messages to the
configured NTP server. The received time value is stored in the RAM and used
as offset to the local clock counter.
5.6 Data Persistency

All configuration data of the WBS that is required for OAM purposes is stored in
a persistent way in the NEMO non-volatile memory.
Required configuration data is data that is mandatory to bring back all the
managed objects of the WBS to an operational state enabled after a system
reset. The WBS can also backup/restore its data to/from a file server under
operator control. During a software replacement with data migration, the
persistent data is reformatted if necessary.
5.7 Module LED Management

The RFCO and FEU modules are not equipped with LEDs. For the intelligent
module NEMO, green and blue LEDs are available for the display of basic
information.
The LEDs are located on the NEMOCON connection area and on the external
alarms board.
The colors of the LEDs on the NEMOCON on C-WBS/L-WBS are as follows:
Green LED is dedicated to power
Blue LED indicate the GPS signal (1pulse/sec).
The colors of the LEDs on the WAIN/WAIN-UL are as follows:
Red LEDs indicate the particular active external alarm.
For more information about LED definitions, refer to the description of the
corresponding hardware module.
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5.8 Station Unit OAM Functions

The NEMO manages operation and maintenance for the entire WBS. It
interfaces with the 9740 WAC/NEM-B to process operator commands and to
provide alarm status information. It communicates with WBS modules and
performs supervision and configuration management.
The main functions of the OAM part of the NEMO are:
Software downloading to WBS HW modules
Configuration of WBS HW modules
WBS supervision
WBS fault management.
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6 9710 C-WBS Hardware Description
This section describes the 9710 C-WBS modules and their architecture
and housing.
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6.1 9710 C-WBS Overview

This section provides an overview of the main hardware features of the
9710 C-WBS.
6.1.1 Basic Hardware Features

The 9710 C-WBS is pure WiMAX equipment. It provides wireless Internet
access to the MSS, and is compliant with the Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX) standard IEEE 802.16e.
The 9710 C-WBS:
Implements WiMAX Time Division Duplex (TDD) with frequency bands of:
3.5GHz band: 3.4-3.6GHz
2.5GHz band: 2.5-2.7GHz
2.3 GHz band: 2.3-2.4GHz
Future evolution to below 1GHz band.
Rx sensitivity at antenna connector: -94 dBm for QPSK 1/2 and 5MHz
channel
LNA: 3.5dB
Implementation loss: 0.5dB

Channelisation: 5.0, 7.0, 8.75, 10MHz
Max RF output power (at feeder input): +35dBm
Antenna configuration:
4Rx /4Tx
4Rx /2Tx (for MIMO)
2Rx /2Tx
2Rx /1Tx
1Rx /1Tx.
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6.1.2 Hardware Architecture

The following figure shows the architecture of the 9710 C-WBS.
Figure 22: 9710 C-WBS Architecture
The main functional elements of the 9710 C-WBS are as follows:
9710 C-WBS Board Functional Architecture (Section 6.3.1)
Connection Box and 9710 C-WBS Connectors (Section 6.3.2)

Option: External Alarms Board (Section 6.3.3)
Convertor Equipment (Section 6.3.6)
Transmission Equipment (Section 6.3.7)
Power Supply (Section 6.3.8).
6.1.3 Options
The options available for the 9710 C-WBS are:
Sun Protection Cover (Section 6.2.5) is mandatory for outdoor use (for sun
and vandalism protection) and is optional for indoor use.
Top of Cover with Fan Hat (Section 6.2.6) for hot environmental conditions
up to +55 0C
Option: External Alarms Board (Section 6.3.3) with 4 external alarms.
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6.1.4 Interfaces
The external interfaces of the 9710 C-WBS are terminated in the connection
box (CEBOX) except for hybrid cable connection, antenna connection and
GPS connection.
Refer to Processor (Section 6.3.5.2) for a detailed description of the external
interfaces.
6.1.5 Environmental Conditions

6.1.5.1 Operation
The 9710 C-WBS is designed to operate in the following environmental
conditions:
Ambient temperature range without -40 0C - +45 0C

optional top fan unit
Ambient temperature range with -40 0C - +55 0C

optional top fan unit
Relative humidity range 15 % - 100 %

3 3
Absolute humidity range 0.26 g/m - 25 g/m
Temperature change rate ≤0.5 C0/min
Air pressure 70 kPa - 106 kPa
Table 8: Environmental Conditions for Operation
The internal temperature in the C-WBS modules will be much higher than
the ambient temperature. The temperature of the different C-WBS modules
can be viewed through NEM-B. This is shown in section Display Hardware
Module Status of NEM-B UserGuide.
Different C-WBS internal modules will have different threshold temperatures
and when this threshold is exceeded, the C-WBS will raise an alarm. There
are different levels of alarms available for different module temperatures. The
threshold temperature for the different WBS modules after which an alarm is
raised are available in Threshold Temperatures (Section A). The description of
these alarms can be found in WBS Alarm Dictionary.
6.1.5.2 Transportation
The 9710 C-WBS is designed to be transported in the following environmental
conditions:
0 0
Ambient temperature range -40 C - +70 C
High relative humidity range max. 95 %

3
High absolute humidity range max. 60 g/m
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Temperature change rate 0.5 0C/min
Low air pressure 70 kPa
Table 9: Environmental Conditions for Transport
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6.1.5.3 Storage
The 9710 C-WBS is designed to be stored in the following environmental
conditions:
Ambient temperature range -45 0C - +45 0C
High relative humidity range 100%
High absolute humidity range max. 30 g/m3

0
Temperature change rate ≤0.5 C/min
Table 10: Environmental Conditions for Storage
6.1.6 Lightning and Over-voltage Protection

Both the live and neutral conductors of the AC input are lightning-protected.
6.1.6.1 AC Input Protection

Both the live and neutral conductors of the AC input are lightning-protected.
Maximal voltage Vmac 280 VAC, 47 ... 63 Hz
Maximal voltage Vmdc 358 VDC
Operational current Imax 3.5 A ( at 85V )
Arrester rated voltage Vr 900 Vsym./ 1500 Vdiff.
Leakage current to PE with Vn < 1 uA
Nominal discharge current (8/20)us 1.5 kA
Max. surge current (8/20)us 5.0 kA
Table 11: AC Input Protection
The protection elements are installed inside the 9710 C-WBS CEBOX unit.
6.1.6.2 Alarm Protection

Four different alarms are available on the external alarms board. These alarms
are used for external alarm inputs, and are protected by a gas-filled surge
arrester against lightning.
The nominal voltage Vn is 90 V, and the nominal impulse discharge current
wave (8/20)us is 5 kA.
6.1.6.3 Ethernet Protection

The lightning protection of the Ethernet lines from the hybrid cable are installed
on the ETHLP board.
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6.2 9710 C-WBS Assembly

This section describes the 9710 C-WBS housing, cover and fastenings.
6.2.1 Overview
The 9710 C-WBS unit consists of two to four separate components:
The housing unit with CEBOX
Mounting equipment (MOFRA)

An optional cover
An optional top fan unit
An optional alarm board
The following table lists the installation components and describes their
purpose in the assembly.
Component Purpose
9710 C-WBS housing with 9710 C-WBS functional component container and CEBOX with external
CEBOX interface.
MOFRA Mounting point for 9710 C-WBS
Protective cover Environmental protection for the 9710 C-WBS is used for sun protection
and consists of two parts (back and front). This cover is optional for
indoor installations and mandatory for outdoor installations. For protection
against vandalism, it is recommended to also install the cover for indoor
installations.
Protective cover with top fan Environmental protection for the 9710 C-WBS in an extended temperature
0
range, which is used for operation in high temperatures up to +55 C.
Table 12: Installation Assembly Components
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6.2.2 Dimensions and Weight

The following table describes the 9710 C-WBS dimensions and weight.
Mechanics Size [mm] Weight [kg] Volume [l]

[H*W*D]
C-WBS w/o CE box 645 x 395 x 140 23.7 35.1
CEBox 115 x 180 x 80 1 1.7
MOFRA 2.8 -
MOFRAL 630 x 265 x 50 1.3 -
C-WBS Sun Cover v1 818 x 450 x 190 5.8 63.0
C-WBS SC + Fan unit v1 960 x 450 x 190 8.8 73.9
C-WBS Sun Cover v2 783 x 447 x 205 3.9 63.5
C-WBS Fan Unit v2 3.0
C-WBS SC + Fan unit v2 970 x 447 x 205 6.5 73.9
Indoor C-WBS no CEBox 645 x 395 x 190 25.0 35.1
Indoor C-WBS with CEBox 745 x 395 x 190 26.0 36.8
Outdoor C-WBS (SC v1) 818 x 450 x 190 33.3 63.0
Outdoor C-WBS + Fan (SC v1) 960 x 450 x 190 36.3 73.9
Outdoor C-WBS (SC v2) 783 x 447 x 205 28.9 63.5
Outdoor C-WBS + Fan (SC v2) 970 x 447 x 205 31.5 73.9
6.2.3 9710 C-WBS Housing

The 9710 C-WBS housing includes:
The NEMO board

The Quad RF Converter (RFCO)
The Frontend Unit (FEU)
The AC/DC power supply
Additional service interfaces (e.g. Ethernet for NEM-B, Top Fan connection
Board for FAN connection).
In the case of a hardware failure inside the 9710 C-WBS housing, the entire
9710 C-WBS must be replaced. No onsite intervention for repair is foreseen.
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Figure 23: 9710 C-WBS Housing
6.2.3.1 Inner Module Assembly

The following figures show the module assembly inside the 9710 C-WBS
housing.
Figure 24: 9710 C-WBS Assembly
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6.2.3.2 Labels
The following table lists the labels attached to the 9710 C-WBS.
Label Content
1 Mnemonic and 3BK code + bar code
2 Factory serial number + bar code
3 Power supply voltage, power consumption + product identification
4 Hot surface warning
5 High voltage warning
6 Alcatel-Lucent label
7 Antenna connector
Table 13: 9710 C-WBS Label Definitions
6.2.4 Mounting and Fastening Equipment

The 9710 C-WBS can easily be fastened (with additional mounting devices)
directly onto a wall or pole in small confined spaces, by two people.
6.2.4.1 Mounting Frame
The MOFRA mounting frame fastens the 9710 C-WBS to a wall or a mast.
The mounting frame contains a hook for mounting the 9710 C-WBS. In the
bottom part, the MOFRA contains two clamps for fixing the 9710 C-WBS.
This is shown in the following figure.
The Mounting Frame is called:
MOFRA, if Sun Cover v1 is used
MOFRAL, if Sun Cover v2 is used.
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Figure 25: MOFRA
Figure 26: MOFRAL
6.2.4.2 Installation and Fastening

The 9710 C-WBS is installed using:
A lifting ring
An optional four-section protective cover.
The housing is fastened to the MOFRA as follows:
The 9710 C-WBS is hoisted into position using the lifting ring
The 9710 C-WBS is fastened into position at the mounting points on the
top edge of the MOFRA.
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Figure 27: Installation With Protective Cover
Figure 28: Installation Using the Lifting Ring
6.2.4.3 Mast or Pole Fastening

The mast fastening can be done:
Using MMFI brackets

The MMFI is used to mount the 9710 C-WBS on a mast or pole, when a
suitable wall is not available. The MMFI front brackets are first fastened
to the MOFRA and optional cover. This assembly is then bolted to the
mast or pole, using the rear MMFI brackets and suitable fasteners.
The MMFI brackets are designed to grip a mast or pole 80 mm to 160
mm in diameter. They are manufactured from heavy-duty steel plate.
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Figure 29: MMFI Brackets
Figure 30: MMFI Installation on a Vertical Mast or Pole
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Using metal bands

The metal bands are used to mount the 9710 C-WBS on a mast or pole.
For a 30.5m band, the minimum mast diameter is 80 mm and the maximum
mast diameter is 2.3m.
6.2.4.4 Connectors and Cables

The Ethernet cable, the hybrid cable, the interconnection cable and the antenna
cables can be easily connected and disconnected.
If the sun protection cover is mounted, unauthorized persons cannot disconnect
the cables.
6.2.5 Sun Protection Cover

The cover is mandatory for outdoor applications and optional for indoor
applications.
The cover is used for outdoor sun and vandalism protection.
The protective cover is comprised of a:
Front
Back
Bottom
Front without or with fan hat.
The top of the standard cover can be replaced by a FAN unit cooling fans
for extreme environments.
Figure 31: 9710 C-WBS Protective Cover
The figure below shows the Sun Protection Cover V2
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Figure 32: Sun Protection Cover V2
6.2.6 Top of Cover with Fan Hat

The top of cover with fan is only used for the 9710 C-WBS in an extended
temperature range. The 9710 C-WBS can be used without a fan up to an
0 0
ambient temperature of +45 . For peak temperatures above +45 C (up
0
to +55 C), additional fans must be installed to avoid extreme temperatures
inside the 9710 C-WBS.
The top of the cover with a fan is divided into three main parts:
Fan cassette (containing fans and temperature sensors)
Fan board (for temperature monitoring)

Plastic housing (for the fan cassette and for the fan board).
The protective cover is mandatory for the top of cover with fan installation.
The AC/DC converter provides a single output voltage of 24 VDC, used to
supply the fans. A linear regulator provides +5 VDC from the 24 VDC output to
feed the monitoring circuit.
The monitoring circuit on the fan board generates an alarm if one of the fans or
the power supply malfunctions. The monitoring circuit switches the fans on and
off, depending on the temperature.
If the fans are switched on, the speed of the fans is regulated as follows:
If the temperature on the top of the 9710 C-WBS reaches +53 0C (ambient
0 0
temperature 25 C ... 30 C, maximum power on the antenna outputs) the
fans are switched on. The fans are switched off with a big hysteresis at +30
0
C at the top of the 9710 C-WBS.
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0
If the temperature on the top of the 9710 C-WBS reaches +56 C, the fans
run on full speed (2300 r.p.m.). If the temperature is below +33 0C, the fans
run on half speed (lowest possible fan speed, 1150 r.p.m.).
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6.2.6.1 Fan Cassette

The fans have their own control loop, performed with an temperature sensor.
Figure 33: Fan Cassette
A sensor located close to the fans measures the temperature and sends the
result to the fan board, where the fans are switched on/off and where their
speed is controlled.
Hot insertion of the fan cassette is possible without disconnection of the mains
of the top of cover with fan.
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6.2.6.2 Mechanical Assembly

The top of a cover with fan housing is part of the protective cover and contains
the fan cassette and the fan board.
The lower part of the top of the protective cover is fastened to the front
protective cover of the 9710 C-WBS by three retaining screws. The top of the
protective cover is fastened to the lower part by two hinged joints on the front.
The top of the cover is locked by a bolt at the back.
Figure 34: Mechanical Assembly of the Top of Cover with Fan
The figure below shows the Sun Protection Cover V2 with Fan.
Figure 35: Sun Protection Cover V2 with Fan
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After the Fan Hat is assembled to 9710 C-WBS, the Fan Hat cable must be
connected to the 9710 C-WBS; see section Connect Fan Hat from 9710
C-WBS Installation and Commissioning manual.
If the Fan Hat is assembled to 9710 C-WBS and it’s not connected, the
temperature of 9710 C-WBS exceed the operational limits and 9710 C-WBS
can be damaged.
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6.3 9710 C-WBS Hardware Modules Description

This section describes the hardware modules of the 9710 C-WBS, as well the
optional external side support cabinet.
Refer to the 9710 C-WBS and 9715 L-WBS Maintenance Handbook for detailed
corrective maintenance descriptions.
6.3.1 9710 C-WBS Board Functional Architecture

The WBS Board for the 9710 C-WBS provides the processing resources for
UL/DL- dedicated and common channels.
The main hardware blocks of a 9710 C-WBS are:
The NEMO unit, which is responsible for higher layer functions:

Downloading
Configuration
9710 C-WBS supervision and configuration management
Channel coding (randomization, FEC encoding, bit interleaving,
modulation)
The RFCO unit, which is responsible for:

Up signal conversion for four transmit paths
Down signal conversion for four receive paths.
The MPU is connected only to the DDDM.
The AC/DC power supply unit, which is used to convert AC mains to the
requested DC voltages needed within the 9710 C-WBS
The FEU unit, which is responsible for:

In downlink, it boosts the RF signal coming from the RFCO to the
necessary transmit power
In uplink, it provides low noise amplification of the received signal,
which is forwarded to the RFCO
Filter section for downlink and uplink direction.
6.3.2 Connection Box and 9710 C-WBS Connectors

In the the bottom part of the 9710 C-WBS can be installed a Connection Box
(CEBOX) where terminates all external interfaces. As opposed to the GSM
and UMTS equipment practice, the CEBOX is not fixed installed at a certain
location. It is treated as a part of the whole 9710 C-WBS cabinet and is
mounted or replaced together with the 9710C-WBS. Consequently, it no longer
contains the BS RI EEPROM. This EEPROM is now a part of the NEMO board.
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6.3.2.1 Functional Description

The CEBOX provides a set of connectors for the connections to the outside
and is linked to the NEMO board. This area can be divided into the following
connector subsets:
Access to LAN ports (electrical/optical Gigabit Ethernet)
Local/remote interfaces to provide external access to the NEMO board

(external alarms).
Figure 36: CEBOX
6.3.2.2 External Interfaces

The external interfaces of the 9710 C-WBS are located on the lower side,
facing the mounting frame. The interfaces of the entity are connected to the
CEBOX, where most of the external cables are terminated. There are three
categories of external interfaces.
Depending on the category, the interfaces of different types are terminated in
different locations (the entity itself or the connection box):
Type 1: Interfaces terminated as bare wires on clamp strips in the CEBOX of

the 9710 C-WBS (i.e. LAN interface, optical interface, external alarms, ...)
Type 2: Interfaces terminated on the 9710 C-WBS entity itself (i.e. antenna
connectors)
Type 3: Interfaces needed for maintenance only (i.e. NEM).
LAN interfaces
Two LAN interfaces (TRANS1, TRANS2) ensure connection in a chain
configuration. These interfaces permit connection to the 9740 WAC, another
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9710 C-WBS, or the 9753 OMC. These are Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet
interfaces with an RJ45 connectors.
NEM interface
This interface permits the connection of the NEM-B terminal and is used for
O&M configuration and transmission. This is an Ethernet 10/100Mbit interface
with an RJ45 connector located in the CEBOX.
Aux Interface
This interface permits direct connection at the MAC unit of the NEMO board.
This is an Ethernet 10/100Mbit interface with an RJ45 connector located
in the CEBOX.
OPT interface
The OPT 1 and OPT 2 interfaces are also connected to the NEMO’s Ethernet
switch and provide connection in a outdoor chain configuration and indoor
star configuration.
GPS Interface
The GPS interface is used to exchange configuration and status information
between the OAM application software and the GPS receiver unit.
RS232 Interface
The RS232 connector is an OAM Debug interface. This interface is only used
to output debug and test information on a PC (terminal session), but it is not
relevant for any OAM management actions.
Antenna connector interface
There are four antenna connection interfaces.
Interface with external alarms
This interface provides four lines to connect external alarm inputs.
A current of approximately 1 mA flows from the alarm input to ground if the
alarm input is pulled to ground.
An alarm line must remain in active status longer than 10 seconds to be
detected as active.
As the inputs and outputs have common ground (GND) potential, no galvanic
isolation is provided.
LEDs
The colors of the LEDs on the WAIN/WAIN-UL are as follows:
Red LEDs indicate the particular active external alarm.
6.3.2.3 Power Distribution

The 9710 C-WBS has an onboard central power supply. The power supply
module is supplied by an AC/DC-converter. The AC/DC converter is used to
convert AC mains to the requested DC voltages needed within the 9710 C-WBS.
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6.3.2.4 Option: CEBOX Assembly Overview

A protective plastic cover is fitted over the mating face of CEBOX to prevent
damage to the connection interface from the environment and access of
non-authorized persons.
Figure 37: CEBOX Mechanical Outline
6.3.3 Option: External Alarms Board

The external alarms board contain following:
Power LED
Four external alarms connectors
NEMOCON connector
Four board protections
Four external alarms leds.
This interface provides four lines to connect external alarm inputs.

A current of approximately 1 mA flows from the alarm input to ground if the
alarm input is pulled to ground.
An alarm line must remain in active status longer than 10 seconds to be
detected as active.
As the inputs and outputs have common ground (GND) potential, no galvanic
isolation is provided.
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Figure 38: WAIN Board
In the next figure is a description of the connectors:
Figure 39: WAIN Board Connectors
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Figure 40: Component Side of WAIN with Connectors
Terminal blocks X102 and X103 with external alarm inputs 1 to 4 is presented in
the following tabel:
X102 X103
Input 1 Input 3
Ground 1 Ground 3
Input 2 Input 4
Ground 2 Ground 4
Table 14: Terminal Blocks X102 and X103
6.3.4 9710 C-WBS and WAIN Mechanical Assembly

To connect the external alarm cable:
1. Open CEBOX.
2. Label the alarm cable routing.
3. Insert one side of the alarm cable in the NEMOCON connector and the other
side of the cable to the 9710 C-WBS.
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Figure 41: External Alarm Cable Connection
6.3.5 Station Unit Module

The station unit module, referred to as the NEMO, provides interfaces between
the 9710 C-WBS, the 9740 WAC and the 9753 OMC.
There is one NEMO per 9710 C-WBS.
The three main functions implemented in the NEMO board are 802.16e
MAC and PHY layers and the OAM. The OAM software runs on a dedicated
processor as well as on the MAC layer which is implemented on a network
processor. The PHY layer includes all required digital signal processing and is
implemented on a combination of DSP and FPGA. The interface from the PHY
layer to the RFCO boards is baseband digital IQ.
The NEMO board can optionally be equipped with a GPS receiver to
synchronize with the other 9710 C-WBSs in the network. The NEMO board
also hosts an IP/Ethernet transport functionality which provides the L3/L2
transport to and from the RAN, 9753 OMC, and RADIUS server, as well
as to other chained base stations.
6.3.5.1 Functional Architecture

The following figure shows a block diagram of the NEMO.
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Figure 42: NEMO Architecture
6.3.5.2 Processor
Several applications, protocol stacks and interface drivers run on the OAM
processor (Motorola Power QUICC processor), to manage the 9710 C-WBS.
The main application is the OAM software, which manages the operation
and maintenance and the clock generation for the complete 9710 C-WBS. It
interfaces with the SNM/NEM to process operator commands or to inform about
the alarm situation. It communicates with all the modules of the 9710 C-WBS
and provides supervision and configuration management. The MAC control
application (MCA) software also runs on this processor.
6.3.6 Convertor Equipment

The RFCO consists of two boards, the RF converter board (RFCO board) and
the IF converter board (IFCO board).
The RFCO provides the up/down signal conversion for four transmit and
receive paths. From an OAM point of view, 3 PLLs, 16 attenuators, 4 filters, 1
temperature sensor and 1 EEPROM, containing RI and calibration data, as well
as an RFCO reset line and hardware alarm information must be managed.
6.3.6.1 Uplink Signal Conversion

The following figure shows the uplink signal conversion path.
Figure 43: RFCO Architecture for Uplink Path
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6.3.6.2 Downlink Signal Conversion

The following figure shows the downlink signal conversion path.
Figure 44: RFCO Architecture for Downlink Path
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6.3.7 Transmission Equipment

The front end unit operates in TDD mode and is shown in more detail in Figure
45. The block diagram should be seen as one possible implementation of
the functions provided by the FEU.
The following figure shows a block diagram of the FEU.
Figure 45: FEU Architecture
Other implementations are also possible.

The FEU comprises the following main functional blocks:
Power Amplifier (PA)
The PA boosts the incoming signal at TX in during the transmit timeslot to the
required RF output power. During the receive timeslot, the PA is switched off
in order not to generate noise and spurious events at its output which might
disturb low level reception, and also to lower the power consumption.
RF filter
The RF filter suppresses the out of band spurious events of the transmitter
and rejects out of band interferers which might block the receiver. A
circulator in front of the RF filter is used to perform the duplex function.
Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
The low noise amplifier (LNA) amplifies the incoming antenna signals
during the receive time slot and feeds the down converter located on the
RFCO, via the RXOut connector.
FEU control section

The FEU control section routes the control signals applied to the control
interface to the appropriate hardware components. Such control signals
are the TX on/off signal and the switch control signals for the selectable
operation modes. The control section also stores the remote inventory and
factory calibration data, which can be retrieved via the control interface.
6.3.7.2 Performance Characteristics

The following table contains the FEU performance features.
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Item Specification
Frame duration 2.5, 5 and 10 ms
Downlink Subframe (TX timeslot) 25 - 75% of frame
Uplink Subframe (RX timeslot) 25 - 75% of frame
TX on/off setup time 11 us min.
TX on/off hold time 2 us min.
Switch control setup with respect to TX on/off 2 us min.
Switch control hold with respect to TX on/off 2 us min.
Switch control setup with respect to RX 2 us min.

operational
Switch control hold with respect to RX 2 us min.

operational
Receive Time Gap 15 us < RTG < 50 us
Transmit Time Gap 15 us < TTG < 50 us.
Table 15: FEU Performance Characteristics
6.3.8 Power Supply

The 9710 C-WBS supports various power supplies, depending on network
requests:
AC: between 230V and 85 V
DC: -48V.
6.3.8.1 AC/DC Conversion

The AC/DC power supply is used to convert AC mains to the requested DC
voltages needed within the 9710 C-WBS.
The power supply converts a three-wire AC voltage into four DC output voltages.
The input values are:
Input voltage range (AC): between 85V and 230V

Nominal voltage (AC): 230V
Frequency (Hz): 47 - 63 Hz.
The power supply is fed by a three-wire system:
L = Phase (Line)
N = Neutral
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PE = Protective earth.
6.3.8.2 AC Input Voltage Supervision

The following table lists the AC Power supply supervision features.
AC input voltage DC output voltage
85V - 230V ON
< 85V OFF
> 270 V OFF
Table 16: AC Input Voltage Supervision
6.3.8.3 DC Input Voltage

The power supply works also with DC voltage at the input. The input voltage
range (DC) is -35 V to -80 V.
Note: If the input DC voltage is higher than 80 Vdc, there are varistor devices and
fuses as protection devices which are installed. The fuse is a one shot device.
If the input DC voltage is lower than 35 Vdc, then the WBS will not start up.
After connection to a nominal voltage it will start up again
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7 9715 L-WBS Hardware Description
This section describes the 9715 L-WBS modules and their architecture
and housing.
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7.1 9715 L-WBS Overview

This section provides an overview of the main hardware features of the
9715 L-WBS.
7.1.1 Basic Hardware Features

The 9715 L-WBS is pure WiMAX equipment. It provides wireless Internet
access to the MSS, and is compliant with the Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX) standard IEEE 802.16e.
The 9715 L-WBS:
Implements WiMAX Time Division Duplex (TDD) with frequency bands of:
3.5GHz band: 3.4–3.6GHz
Future evolution to below 1GHz band.
Rx sensitivity at antenna connector: -94 dBm for QPSK 1/2 and 5MHz
channel
LNA: 3.5dB
Implementation loss: 0.5dB

Channelisation: 5.0, 7.0, 8.75, 10MHz
Max RF output power (at feeder input): +35dBm
Antenna configuration 1Rx /1Tx.
7.1.2 Hardware Architecture

The following figure shows the 9715 L-WBS functional modules.
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Figure 46: 9715 L-WBS Architecture
The main functional elements of the 9715 L-WBS are as follows:
9715 L-WBS Board Functional Architecture (Section 7.3.1)
Connection Box and 9715 L-WBS Connectors (Section 7.3.2)
Convertor Equipment (Section 7.3.4)

Transmission Equipment (Section 7.3.5)
Power Supply (Section 7.3.6).
7.1.3 Option
The option available for the 9715 L-WBS is Sun Protection Cover (Section
7.2.5). The sun cover is mandatory for outdoor use (for sun and vandalism
protection).
7.1.4 Interfaces
The external interfaces of the 9715 L-WBS are terminated in the CEBOX
(connection box) except hybrid cable connection, antenna connection and
GPS connection.
7.1.5 Environmental Conditions

7.1.5.1 Operation
The 9715 L-WBS is designed to operate in the following environmental
conditions:
Ambient temperature range -330C - +55 0C
Relative humidity range 15 % - 100 %
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Absolute humidity range 0.26 g/m3 - 25 g/m3
Temperature change rate ≤0.5 C0/min
Air pressure 70 kPa - 106 kPa
Table 17: Environmental Conditions for Operation
The internal temperature in the L-WBS modules will be much higher than
the ambient temperature. The temperature of the different L-WBS modules
can be viewed through NEM-B. This is shown in section Display Hardware
Module Status of NEM-B UserGuide.
Different L-WBS internal modules will have different threshold temperatures
and when this threshold is exceeded, the L-WBS will raise an alarm. There
are different levels of alarms available for different module temperatures. The
threshold temperature for the different WBS modules after which an alarm is
raised are available in Threshold Temperatures (Section A). The description of
these alarms can be found in WBS Alarm Dictionary.
7.1.5.2 Transportation
The 9715 L-WBS is designed to be transported in the following environmental
conditions:
Ambient temperature range -400C - +700C
High relative humidity range max. 95 %

3
High absolute humidity range max. 60 g/m
Temperature change rate ≤0.5 0C/min
Table 18: Environmental Conditions for Transport
7.1.5.3 Storage
The 9715 L-WBS is designed to be stored in the following environmental
conditions:
Ambient temperature range -45 0C - +70 0C
High relative humidity range 100%
High absolute humidity range max. 30 g/m3
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Temperature change rate ≤0.5 0C/min
Table 19: Environmental Conditions for Storage
7.1.6 Lightning and Over-voltage Protection

Both the +V DC and -V DC of the DC line are lightning-protected.
7.1.6.1 DC Input Protection

Both the +V DC and -V DC of the DC line are lightning-protected.
Maximal voltage Vmdc 80 V
Operational current Imax 5A ( at -33VDC )
Arrester rated voltage Vr 900 Vsym./ 1500 Vdiff.
Leakage current to PE with Vn < 1 uA
Nominal discharge current (8/20)us 1.5 kA
Max. surge current (8/20)us 20 kA
Table 20: DC Input Protection
The protection elements are installed inside the 9715 L-WBS CEBOX unit.
If the input DC voltage is higher than 80 Vdc, there are varistor devices and
fuses as protection devices which are installed. The fuse is a one shot device.
If the input DC voltage is lower than 35 Vdc, then the WBS will not start up.
After connection to a nominal voltage it will start up again
7.1.6.2 Ethernet Protection
The Ethernet interfaces (TRANS1, TRANS2, NEM) must be protected by Zener
Diodes between the lines.
The lightning protection of the Ethernet lines from the hybrid cable are installed
on the LETHLP board.
7.1.6.3 Antenna Lighting Protection

The antenna lightning protection must be integrated in the antenna connector.
7.1.6.4 GPS Antenna Lighting Protection

The antenna port for GPS must be protected with a surge arrestor.
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7.2 9715 L-WBS Assembly

This section describes the 9715 L-WBS housing, cover and fastenings.
7.2.1 Overview
The 9715 L-WBS unit consists of two to four separate components:
The housing unit with CEBOX
Mounting equipment (MOFRAL)

An optional cover.
The following table lists the installation components and describes their
purpose in the assembly.
Component Purpose
9715 L-WBS housing with 9715 L-WBS functional component container and CEBOX with external
CEBOX interface.
MOFRAL Mounting point for 9715 L-WBS
Protective cover Environmental protection for the 9715 L-WBS is used for sun protection
and consists of two parts (back and front). This cover is optional for
indoor installations and mandatory for outdoor installations. For protection
against vandalism, it is recommended to also install the cover for indoor
installations.
Table 21: Installation Assembly Components
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7.2.2 Dimensions and Weight

The following table describes the 9715 L-WBS dimensions and weight.
Mechanics Size [mm] Weight (kg) Volume (l)

(H*W*D)
L-WBS w/o CE box 620 x 260 x 153 16.5 24.3
CEBox 115 x 180 x 80 1.0 1.7
MOFRAL 630 x 265 x 50 1.3 -
L-WBS Sun Cover (v1) 780 x 320 x 215 2.2 46.7
Indoor L-WBS no CEBox 630 x 265 x 203 - 24.3
Indoor L-WBS with CEBox 720 x 265 x 203 - 26.0
Outdoor L-WBS no CEBox 780 x 320x 215 - 46.7
Outdoor L-WBS with CEBox 780 x 320x 215 - 46.7
7.2.3 9715 L-WBS Housing

The 9715 L-WBS housing includes:
The NEMO board
The Dual RF COnverter (RFCO)
The Frontend Unit (FEU)
The DC/DC power supply

Additional service interfaces (e.g. Ethernet for NEM-B, Antenna, GPS).
In the case of a hardware failure inside the 9715 L-WBS housing, the entire
9715 L-WBS must be replaced. No onsite intervention for repair is foreseen.
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Figure 47: 9715 L-WBS Housing
7.2.3.1 Inner Module Assembly

The following figures show the module assembly inside the 9715 L-WBS
housing.
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Figure 48: 9715 L-WBS Assembly
7.2.3.2 Labels
The following table lists the labels attached to the 9715 L-WBS.
Label Content
1 Mnemonic and 3BK code + bar code
2 Factory serial number + bar code
3 Power supply voltage, power consumption + product identification
4 Hot surface warning
5 High voltage warning
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Label Content
6 Alcatel-Lucent label
7 Antenna connector
Table 22: 9715 L-WBS Label Definitions
7.2.4 Mounting and Fastening Equipment

The 9715 L-WBS can easily be fastened (with additional mounting devices)
directly onto a wall or pole in small confined spaces, by two people.
7.2.4.1 Mounting Frame

The MOFRAL mounting frame fastens the 9715 L-WBS to a wall or a mast.
The mounting frame contains a hook for mounting the 9715 L-WBS. In the
bottom part, the MOFRAL contains two clamps for fixing the 9715 L-WBS.
Figure 49: MOFRAL for 9715 L-WBS and Components
7.2.4.2 Installation and Fastening

The 9715 L-WBS is installed using:
A lifting ring
An optional four-section protective cover.
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The housing is fastened to the MOFRAL as follows:

The 9715 L-WBS is hoisted into position using the lifting ring
The 9715 L-WBS is fastened into position at the mounting points on the
top edge of the MOFRAL.
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7.2.4.3 Mast or Pole Fastening

The mast fastening can be done using metal bands.
The metal bands are used to mount the 9710 C-WBS on a mast or pole.
For a 30.5m band, the minimum mast diameter is 80 mm and the maximum
mast diameter is 2.3m.
Figure 50: Metal Bands Installation on a Vertical Mast or Pole
7.2.4.4 Connectors and Cables

The Ethernet cable, the hybrid cable, the interconnection cable and the antenna
cables can be easily connected and disconnected.
If the sun protection cover is mounted, unauthorized persons cannot disconnect
the cables.
7.2.5 Sun Protection Cover

The cover is mandatory for outdoor applications and optional for indoor
applications.
The cover is used for outdoor sun and vandalism protection.
The protective cover is comprised of a:
Front
Back
Bottom.
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Figure 51: 9715 L-WBS Protective Cover
7.3 9715 L-WBS Hardware Modules Description

This section describes the hardware modules of the 9715 L-WBS, as well the
optional external side support cabinet.
Refer to the WBS Maintenance Handbook for detailed corrective maintenance
descriptions.
7.3.1 9715 L-WBS Board Functional Architecture

The 9715 L-WBS Board for the 9715 L-WBS provides the processing resources
for UL/DL- dedicated and common channels.
The main hardware blocks of a 9715 L-WBS are:
The NEMO unit, which is responsible for higher layer functions:

Downloading
Configuration
9715 L-WBS supervision and configuration management
Channel coding (randomization, FEC encoding, bit interleaving,
modulation)
The RFCO unit, which is responsible for:

Up signal conversion for two transmit paths
Down signal conversion for two receive paths.
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The MPU is connected only to the DDDM.
The DC power supply unit

The FEU unit, which is responsible for:
In downlink, it boosts the RF signal coming from the RFCO to the
necessary transmit power
In uplink, it provides low noise amplification of the received signal,
which is forwarded to the RFCO
Filter section for downlink and uplink direction.
7.3.2 Connection Box and 9715 L-WBS Connectors

In the the bottom part of the 9710 C-WBS can be installed a Connection Box
(CEBOX) where terminates all external interfaces. As opposed to the GSM
and UMTS equipment practice, the CEBOX is not fixed installed at a certain
location. It is treated as a part of the whole 9715 L-WBS cabinet and is
mounted or replaced together with the 9715 L-WBS.
7.3.2.1 Functional Description
The CEBOX provides a set of connectors for the connections to the outside
and is linked to the NEMO board. This area can be divided into the following
connector subsets:
Access to LAN ports
Access to optical ports.
7.3.2.2 External Interfaces

The external interfaces of the 9715 L-WBS are located on the lower side,
facing the mounting frame. The interfaces of the entity are connected to the
CEBOX, where most of the external cables are terminated. There are three
categories of external interfaces.
Depending on the category, the interfaces of different types are terminated in
different locations (the entity itself or the connection box):
Type 1: Interfaces terminated as bare wires on clamp strips in the CEBOX of

the 9715 L-WBS (i.e. LAN interface, optical interface, external alarms, ...)
Type 2: Interfaces terminated on the 9715 L-WBS entity itself (i.e. antenna
connectors)
Type 3: Interfaces needed for maintenance only (i.e. NEM).
LAN interfaces
Two LAN interfaces (TRANS1, TRANS2) ensure connection in a chain
configuration. These interfaces permit connection to the 9740 WAC, another
9715 L-WBS, or the 9753 OMC. These are Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet
interfaces with RJ45 connectors.
NEM interface
This interface permits the connection of the NEM-B terminal and is used for
O&M configuration and transmission. This is an Ethernet 10/100Mbit interface
with an RJ45 connector located in the CEBOX.
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Aux Interface
This interface permits direct connection at the MAC unit of the NEMO board.
This is an Ethernet 10/100Mbit interface with an RJ45 connector located
in the CEBOX.
GPS Interface
The GPS interface is used to exchange configuration and status information
between the OAM application software and the GPS receiver unit.
RS232 Interface
The RS232 connector is an OAM Debug interface. This interface is only used
to output debug and test information on a PC (terminal session), but it is not
relevant for any OAM management actions.
Antenna connector interface
There are two antenna connection interfaces.
Interface with external alarms
This interface is not used for 9715 L-WBS.
Figure 52: 9715 L-WBS Connectors
7.3.2.3 Power Distribution

The 9715 L-WBS has an onboard central power supply.
7.3.2.4 Option: CEBOX Assembly Overview

A protective plastic cover is fitted over the mating face of CEBOX to prevent
damage to the connection interface from the environment and access of
non-authorized persons.
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Figure 53: CEBOX Mechanical Outline
7.3.3 Station Unit Module

The station unit module, referred to as the NEMO, provides interfaces between
the 9715 L-WBS, the 9740 WAC and the 9753 OMC.
There is one NEMO per 9715 L-WBS.
The three main functions implemented in the NEMO board are 802.16e
MAC and PHY layers and the OAM. The OAM software runs on a dedicated
processor as well as on the MAC layer which is implemented on a network
processor. The PHY layer includes all required digital signal processing and is
implemented on a combination of DSP and FPGA. The interface from the PHY
layer to the RFCO boards is baseband digital IQ.
The NEMO board can optionally be equipped with a GPS receiver to
synchronize the 9715 L-WBS with other 9715 L-WBSs in the network. The
NEMO board also hosts an IP/Ethernet transport functionality which provides
the L3/L2 transport to and from the RAN, 9753 OMC, and RADIUS server, as
well as to other chained base stations.
7.3.4 Convertor Equipment

The RFCO consists of two boards, the RF converter board (RFCO board) and
the IF converter board (IFCO board).
The RFCO provides the up/down signal conversion for four transmit and
receive paths. From an OAM point of view, 3 PLLs, 16 attenuators, 4 filters, 1
temperature sensor and 1 EEPROM, containing RI and calibration data, as well
as an RFCO reset line and hardware alarm information must be managed.
7.3.4.1 Uplink Signal Conversion
The following figure shows the uplink signal conversion path.
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Figure 54: RFCO Architecture for Uplink Path
7.3.4.2 Downlink Signal Conversion

The following figure shows the downlink signal conversion path.
Figure 55: RFCO Architecture for Downlink Path
7.3.5 Transmission Equipment

The front end unit operates in TDD mode and is shown in more detail in Figure
56. The block diagram should be seen as one possible implementation of
the functions provided by the FEU.

The following figure shows a block diagram of the FEU.
Figure 56: FEU Architecture
Other implementations are also possible.

The FEU comprises the following main functional blocks:
Power Amplifier (PA)
The PA boosts the incoming signal at TX in during the transmit timeslot to the
required RF output power. During the receive timeslot, the PA is switched off
in order not to generate noise and spurious events at its output which might
disturb low level reception, and also to lower the power consumption.
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 119 / 124

RF filter
The RF filter suppresses the out of band spurious events of the transmitter
and rejects out of band interferers which might block the receiver. A
circulator in front of the RF filter is used to perform the duplex function.
Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)

The low noise amplifier (LNA) amplifies the incoming antenna signals
during the receive time slot and feeds the down converter located on the
RFCO, via the RXOut connector.
FEU control section

The FEU control section routes the control signals applied to the control
interface to the appropriate hardware components. Such control signals
are the TX on/off signal and the switch control signals for the selectable
operation modes. The control section also stores the remote inventory and
factory calibration data, which can be retrieved via the control interface.
7.3.5.2 Performance Characteristics

The following table contains the FEU performance features.
Item Specification
Frame duration 2.5, 5 and 10 ms
Downlink Subframe (TX timeslot) 25 - 75% of frame
Uplink Subframe (RX timeslot) 25 - 75% of frame
TX on/off setup time 11 us min.
TX on/off hold time 2 us min.
Switch control setup with respect to TX on/off 2 us min.
Switch control hold with respect to TX on/off 2 us min.
Switch control setup with respect to RX 2 us min.

operational
Switch control hold with respect to RX 2 us min.

operational
Receive Time Gap 15 us < RTG < 50 us
Transmit Time Gap 15 us < TTG < 50 us.
Table 23: FEU Performance Characteristics
7.3.6 Power Supply

The 9715 L-WBS can be operated with DC supplied (product variants with
LWBSDPS). AC supplied to 9715 L-WBS is not foreseen in the recent design.
The 9715 L-WBS supports various power supplies, depending on network
requests:
120 / 124 3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04

DC: between -33V and -75V

DC: -48V typical.
3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 121 / 124

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Appendix A : Threshold Temperatures
Appendix A: Threshold Temperatures

The alarm threshold temperatures for the different WBS modules are as
shown below:
Alarm Threshold Parameter Name Temperature in 0C
NEMO_BOARD_TEMP_WARNING_THRESHOLD 75
NEMO_BOARD_TEMP_URGENT_THRESHOLD 80
NEMO_FPGA_TEMP_WARNING_THRESHOLD 100
NEMO_FPGA_TEMP_URGENT_THRESHOLD 110
NEMO_WP_TEMP_WARNING_THRESHOLD 105
NEMO_WP_TEMP_URGENT_THRESHOLD 115
NEMO_RCFE_TEMP_WARNING_THRESHOLD 100
NEMO_RCFE_TEMP_URGENT_THRESHOLD 110
NEMO_RFCO_TEMP_WARNING_THRESHOLD 80
NEMO_RFCO_TEMP_URGENT_THRESHOLD 85
NEMO_FEU_TEMP_WARNING_THRESHOLD 80
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Appendix A : Threshold Temperatures
BLANK PAGE BREAK
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3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04

Short title bsdesc

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3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 3 / 124

2.5.4 Network Reentry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

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5.2 Management by NEM-B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 5 / 124

6.3.8.1 AC/DC Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

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Figure 40: Component Side of WAIN with Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

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The following naming conventions are used in this document:

The Alcatel-Lucent 9715 Lightweight Base Station for WiMAX will be

What’s New In Edition 04

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Assumed Knowledge The reader must have:

General knowledge of WiMAX and especially WBS functions

Good understanding of RAN and WiMAX concepts.

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1.1 WiMAX Overview

Figure 1: WiMAX Architecture

1.2 Network Components

1.2.1 MSS, CPE

1.2.3 9740 WAC

Session control function

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Data transport function.

1.2.4 9753 OMC

1.2.4.1 DHCP Server

1.2.4.2 DNS Server

1.2.5 AAA Server

3BK 21731 AAAA TQZZA Ed.04 13 / 124

Authentication, in that it provides the confirmation that a user who is

Authorization, in that it grants specific types of service (including ’no

Accounting, in that it tracks the consumption of network resources by

1.2.6 Mobile IP Entities

1.2.6.2 Home Agent (HA)

1.2.6.3 Foreign Agent (FA)

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1.3 WBS Functional Overview

1.3.1 WiMAX Base Station concept

Compact Base Station (C-WBS)

Lightweight Base Station (L-WBS)

1.3.2 General Functions

Central functions cover the following areas:

Operations and maintenance

1.3.3 WBS Installation Material

1.3.3.1 Power Supply Hybrid Cable

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1.3.3.2 Power Cable

1.3.3.3 GPS system

1.3.4 Base Station Options

Optical LAN connection

UL compliant power connection for the North American market

WBS synchronization through Russian satellite system ’Glonass’ for

1.3.4.2 External Alarms

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If the WBS is equipped with the Glonass Receiver, a dedicated GPS/Glonass

GLONASS and GPS in co-operative mode.

Temperature range Max. +55 C with convect. Cooling;