Social Studies

Chapter 14, section 3 outline- pgs. 361-364

“French Revolution-Napoleon Bonaparte”

Define the following terms:

King Louis XVI: the king of France who wanted to tax the nobles.

Queen Marie-Antoinette: the queen of France.

First Estate: the clergy (church officials)- members of the upper class.

Second Estate: nobles- upper class.

Third Estate: peasants- lower class

Bastille prison: a prison in Paris that people of France stormed into and set the prisoners free.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen: a document of 1789 that guaranteed French citizens their
rights and made fair taxation.

Reign of Terror: a period during which the government executed its opponents by using the guillotine.

Napoleon Bonaparte: became leader of France in 1789- he was a brilliant military commander and
restored order to France after the reign of terror.

Josephine Beauharnais: the wife of Napoleon.

Napoleonic Code: the French legal system a set of laws

Waterloo, Belgium: where Napoleon met his final defeat in 1815

Congress of Vienna: the city where European leaders met to redraw the map of Europe after Napoleons
defeat. They wanted to make sure that no country or leader in Europe ever became too powerful again.

C. The French Revolution

1. the people of France watched the events of the American revolution

Jacob Gers French Revolution Social Studies

 2. the French people were inspired by the American revolution.

3. there was anger over the differences between the social classes.

4. a king ruled over the three social classes.

5. the first estate- the clergy.

6. the second estate- the nobles.

7. the third estate peasants.

8. the third estate thought this was unfair.

9. the king and queen were very wealthy.

10. the peasants were very poor.

11. the French government was deeply in debt.

12. the king wanted to start taxing nobles to pay the debts.

13. the king called a meeting to discuss the tax increase.

14. the meeting did not go well.

15. the people who attended the meeting were familiar with enlightenment ideas.

16. the third estate wanted more of a voice in the government.

17. the third estate formed the national assembly.

18. the national assembly demanded the king sign a constitution that limited his powers.

19. ling louis refuse to sign it, and this angered the people

20. July 14, 1789, the people of France stormed into the bastille prison.

21. this act began the French revolution

22. the revolution spread from Paris to the countryside.

23. the peasants took revenge on the landlords and nobles that had always kept them down.

24. they burned manor houses and monasteries.

25. the National Assembly approved the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen.

D. The French Republic

1. a republic was created.

Jacob Gers French Revolution Social Studies

2. this did not solve the problems right away and the unrest returned.

3. in 1793 the French people executed King Louis.

4. the republic leaders began to execute those who opposed them.

5. this began the reign of terror.

6. thousands of people dies at the guillotine

7. the reign of terror ended in 1794

8. peasants did gain rights as a result

9. new schools opened across France

10. wages were improved, and slavery ended.

III. Napoleon Bonaparte

1. in 1799 France needed new leadership.

2. Napoleon Bonaparte came to power that year- he was a great French general.
3. He had supported the French revolution
4. He became popular and was crowned emperor in 1804.

A. Military Conquests and Rule

1. he was a brilliant military leader.

2. His army won many victories
3. By 1810 France ruled over much of Europe.
4. He restored order to France.
5. He created a good, efficient government.
6. Established fair taxation.
7. Created a system of public education
8. Created the Napoleonic code of laws.
9. But he often punished those who opposed him.

B. Napoleon’s Defeat

1. His army invaded Russia in 1812.

2. The invasion was a disaster.
3. The winter was bitterly cold, and the great Russian army forced hm to retreat.
4. Many of the French soldiers died.
5. Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia all came together to defeat him in 1814.
6. He went into exile after the defeat but returned to france in 1815 with a newly formed army.
7. He was defeated by England, again
8. He was forced into exile to an island called Elba.

Jacob Gers French Revolution Social Studies

 9. Napoleon died in 1821.
10. The congress of Vienna met in 1814 to ensure that no leader like napoleon was able to gain
power again in Europe.

Jacob Gers French Revolution Social Studies