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Organ System-2
Organ System-2
English 363
February 25, 2019
Organ System
An Organ system is an internal biological structure that provides life and equilibrium
throughout the human body. The system works efficiently with each organelle working
systematically and simultaneously in order to provide growth. Each organ system has a
specialized arrangement and function. These organ systems continuously interact with one
Figure. 1 Betts,Gordon. (2013, March 06). Organ Systems of the Human Body. Retrieved from
https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/
Number of Organ Systems
Scientist categorizes the number of organ systems depending on their structure and function.
Most textbooks and educational websites state that there are a total of eleven organ systems
within the human body (2)(3)(6). However, editors may separate the immune system from the
11 Organ Systems
The organs that help carry the necessary functions of life are the heart, kidneys, lungs, blood
● Muscular system: There are over 650 muscles in the human body (5). This system allows
the body to create movement. The three types of muscles are involved in the muscular
system are smooth muscle (helps maneuver substances through organs), cardiac muscle
(helps pulsate the heart), and skeletal muscle (helps voluntary movement). Each muscle
contains different characteristics that create function and mobility within the human
organism.
● Lymphatic system: The lymphatic system and the immune system (generally incorporated
within the lymphatic system) work together to fight infection. Leukocytes are cells within
these systems that help kill pathogens (2). They are known as white blood cells. These
● Skeletal System: There are 206 bones in the adult human body (2). This system provides
the initial framework for the human body. Bones, cartilages, tissues, tendons and
ligaments are the important organs within this system that offer support and protect the
Figure 2. Roberts, A. M. (2014). Human anatomy: The Skeletal System. London: Dorling Kindersley.
● Circulatory system: This system transports blood, oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to
cells and organs that help maintain (3) (4) The main organ is the heart which pumps
● Nervous System: There are two pathways in the Nervous system; these are the central
nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The central nervous system
sends signals through the spinal cord to the brain, while the peripheral nervous system
sends signals through the nerves to the targeted organ (2) (5).
Figure 3. Roberts, A. M. (2014). Human anatomy: Cranial Nerves in Head and Neck. London: Dorling Kindersley.
his system assists with the transfer of oxygen throughout the body.
● Respiratory system: T
Gas exchange occurs between oxygen and blood. The nose, mouth, trachea, lungs and the
● Endocrine system: The endocrine system contains eight specialize glands (5). These
glands produce hormones that transfer through the bloodstream. These hormones
activate other glands in order to cause a physical reaction in the human body such as
he urinary system help balance water and salt in the human body (6).
● Urinary system: T
Kidneys filter waste products from the blood. Thus, creating urine. Urine is contained
hormones such as testosterone and estrogen. These organs allow the reproduction of a
new human organism. Males and females contain gametes which are sperm and eggs (6).
● Digestive system: This system breaks down food into smaller pieces starting from the
mouth. The stomach absorbs the nutrients and minerals from the intestines and later
fingernails, and hair are all part of the integumentary system (2). This system offers
protection from outside sources that may cause harm to the human body.
All organ systems interact with each other to maintain homeostasis (1). Examples include; the
endocrine system and the nervous system, the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system
and the reproductive system and endocrine system. If such disruption occurs between any organ
system interactions, harm may persist and eventually lead to death to the human organism.
References
doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.saddleback.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0142143
2.Biologydictionary.net Editors. (2017, April 29). Organ System - Definition and Examples.
3.Christensen, S. (n.d.). What Is an Organ System? - Definition & Pictures. Retrieved from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-an-organ-system-definition-pictures-quiz.html
4. Harwood, J., Wilkin, D., Kraus, D., Gray-Wilson, N., Brainard, J., Johnson, S., . . . Wilkin, D.
https://www.ck12.org/biology/human-body/lesson/Organization-of-the-Human-Body-MS-LS/
5. Rettner, R. (2016, March 10). The Human Body: Anatomy, Facts & Functions. Retrieved from
https://www.livescience.com/37009-human-body.html
6. Roberts, A. M. (2014). Human anatomy: The definitive visual guide. London: Dorling
Kindersley.
7. Betts,Gordon. (2013, March 06). Organ Systems of the Human Body. Retrieved from
https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank Angelina Guzman for helping me with the design and structure on this