Anchor bolt design

Design of all structural components is a must and anchor bolts are no exception.

A] Square placement of bolts

Four bolt case

Mx - - is moment along X direction

d - - is the distance c/c of bolts along x dir
Then Tensile force on Two bolts on tension side = Mx/d
Tensile force on each bolt on tension side =0.5* Mx/d

Multi bolts case can also be seen accordingly

Possibility of wind blowing in diagonal direction must be seen

in case of SQ/rectangular placement of bolts

In four bolts case If Mx =M same in all directions

then wind along diagonal may have only 2 bolts effective at 1.414 *d
Tension on each bolt =M/(1.414d) = 0.707 M/d

B] Circular placement of bolts (as in high masts , poles etc)

N - - is the total nos of bolts in circular placement

D - - is the PCD of bolts (pitch center dia i.e. c/c of bolts diameterically)
R= D/2
M - - - - is the moment on system at base plate

Max tensile force on bolt = M/(N*R/2) = 2*M/(N*R)

C] Design of bolt dia

This need to be based on effective dia of bolt = 0.75 *Actual dia to account for
threadings
D] Bond length /Anchor length of bolts
This needs to be calculated based on bond stress of pedestal concrete and max
tension in bolt
(But a minimum of 40 *dia may be kept if design requirements are less based on
force in bolt)

E ] shear check and combined axial and shear checks also needed

best regds