GUIDELINES FOR THE REFINEMENT OF THE PAPER

General Format:
Paper Size: 8.5” x 11” (Short Bond Paper)
Font Style: Tahoma
Font Size: 12
Pagination: Left: 1.5”
Top: 1”
Right: 1”
Bottom: 1”
Spacing: Double Spacing
Indention: 0.5”

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM

1. Do not capitalize sub-titles.
Ex. Wrong: INTRODUCTION
Correct: Introduction
2. In the Introduction, do not forget to cite authorities.
Ex. Jones (2011) claimed that induction is …
3. In the Statement of the Problem, only the introduction should be in past tense.
Ex. This study aimed to innovate…
Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:
4. Research Hypothesis should be in the present tense form.
Ex. Wrong: The Induction Shaker was effective…
Correct: The Induction Shaker is effective…
5. The Scope and Delimitation should be in past tense form.
6. In the Significance of the Problem, still all sentences should be in the future tense.
Please write your own sentences and do not copy the example provided during the
discussion.
7. Titles of articles cited, whether in books, website, journals, etc., should be italicized.
8. The first page of Chapter I should have no page.
9. Pages should follow the usual format: Tahoma, 12
10. References should be transferred to the REFERENCES page found after Chapter V.

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

1. In the introduction of Chapter II, change the gap to be bridged by the study to gap
bridged by the study since it should be in past tense form already.
2. Do not change to past tense the sentence except for the gap bridged by the study.
Ex. Wrong: This chapter was a presentation…
Correct: This chapter is a presentation…
3. In the Related Literature and Related Studies, always use citations of authors or
online publications.
4. Use proper and appropriate transitional devices (ex. Moreover, In like manner, However,
In contrast to, etc.).
5. Do not forget to connect author’s name with the sentence.
Ex. Wrong: Likewise, Ron and Shirley (2009) hydroelectricity is the running water…
Correct: Likewise, Ron and Shirley (2009) claimed that hydroelectricity is the…
6. Titles of articles cited, whether in books, website, journals, etc., should be italicized.
 7. Follow proper writing of the Related Studies: Author, Year, Title of Study, Findings,
Similarities, and Differences.
8. There should be both 10 foreign and 10 local literature and studies.
9. Wrong: Synthesis-of-the-State-of-the-Art
Correct: Synthesis of the State-of-the-Art
10. Change Gap to be Bridged by the Study to Gap Bridged by the Study
11. The discussion in the Gap Bridged by the Study should be in past tense form.
12. Avoid vacant spaces. This happens commonly in the Theoretical and Conceptual
Frameworks. Join immediately the next sub-heading to avoid vacant spaces.
13. The Paradigms should always come after the Frameworks.
14. Do not forget the labels for the paradigms.
Proper format: Figure 1
Theoretical Paradigm
15. Conceptual Framework should be in past tense format.
16. In the Definition of Terms, Provide the Conceptual and Operational definitions.
17. In the Definition of Terms, start defining the most important terms in the title of the
study, then in the Statement of the Problem.
18. References should be transferred to the REFERENCES page found after Chapter V.

CHAPTER III RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

1. Material/Equipment not Material/Equipments
2. Write an introduction first of the Materials/Equipment.
Ex. In order to construct the Induction Shaker, the following materials were used:
3. Research Design should be in past tense form, whenever applicable.
4. Sources of Data should be in past tense form.
5. Introduction in the Data Gathering Procedures should be in past tense but the step-
by-step procedures should be written in present tense.
Ex. Several phase in the data gathering were observed in the study. The first phase was
the assembly of the innovation. Below shows the procedure in the development of the
innovation.
1. Gather all the materials.
2. Cut 2” x 2” of PVC.
6. Avoid vacant spaces after the Data Gathering Procedures. Join the Instrumentation part.
But the Flow Chart of the Procedure should be in the next page.
7. Instrumentation part should be in past tense form.
8. Likert Scales used should be in single spacing.
9. Do not cut the Likert Scales. They should always be read complete without turning to
the next page.
10. Statistical Treatment part should be in past tense form.
11. Just include formulas applicable to the study.
12. References should be transferred to the REFERENCES page found after Chapter V.

CHAPTER IV TITLE OF THE RESEARCH STUDY IN INVERTED PYRAMID

FORMAT IF TOO LONG
1. Write an introduction of the chapter in past tense form.
2. Sub-headings should be a phrase to represent every statement of the problem. Sub-
headings should be in single spacing.
 3. Tables should have numbers, titles, and the number of respondents/samples if
applicable. All tables should be on TOP of the page. Do not cut tables.
Ex.
Table 1

General Acceptability of the Induction Shaker

along Functionality
n=10

4. Please put the scale below the table for reference.

Ex.
Table 7

General Acceptability of the Induction Shaker

along Functionality
n=10

WEIGHTED ADJECTIVAL
INDICATORS 5 4 3 2 1
MEAN DESCRIPTION
1. The device produces induced current. 5 2 1 0 2 3.80 Very Good
2. Produced induced current is enough to
6 3 2 0 0 4.80 Excellent
charge a plugged in gadget.
3. There is ease in operation and the
4 2 2 1 1 3.90 Very Good
device is easy to handle.
4. Charging time does not take longer
2 2 4 1 0 3.40 Good
than expected for plugged in devices.
5. The device is able to reach a specified
2 3 5 0 0 3.70 Very Good
distance for wireless charging.
AVERAGE 3.92 Very Good
LEGEND: 4.50 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.50 – 4.49 – Very Good
2.50 – 3.49 – Good
1.50 – 2.49 – Needs Improvement
1.00 – 1.49 – Poor

5. Discussion should follow the three levels. 1st is to tell the results, 2nd is to link the result
to the literature or studies, 3rd is the implication or how the results is significant or
beneficial.

CHAPTER V SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Discussions should always be according to the statement of the problem.
2. In the conclusion part, there should be no numerical values. Just say what you can
conclude based on the findings.
3. Only the Findings should contain numerical values.
4. Recommendations should exceed the number of statement of the problem since you are
contributing to the field of knowledge.
5. Give at least 2 areas for further study.