SAIDP (Booklet) Final PDF

State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan
(SAIDP)
Under
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
Twelfth Five Year Plan Period
(Year 2012 to 2017)
Soil Testing Lab Agriculture Extension & Training Center
Submitted to:
Government of India
Ministry of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmer Welfare
New Delhi
Submitted by
Government of Madhya Pradesh

Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development,
State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh
INDEX
CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY 4

1.1 Major Areas of Focus 11
1.2 Objectives of SAIDP 11
1.3 Approach and Methodology for the District and State Plan 12
1.4 Steps Followed in Developing District Plans 12
CHAPTER – II RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE ECONOMY 14
2.1 Zonal Classifications 14
2.2 Geomorphologic Zones 14
2.3 Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh State 22
2.4 Operational Holdings 28
2.5 Irrigation 31
2.6 Sources of Irrigation 31
2.7 Agriculture 34
2.8 Horticulture 46
2.9 Agricultural Engineering 49
2.10 Animal Husbandry and Dairy 50
2.11 Fisheries 53
CHAPTER III STRENGTH, WEAKNESS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES 59
SWOC Analysis
3.1 Agriculture Sector 59
3.2 Horticulture Sector 62
3.3 Agriculture Engineering 65
3.4 Animal Husbandry Sector 65
3.5 Fisheries Sector 66
CHAPTER IV MADHYA PRADESH: VISION 2020 68
4.1 Indian Agriculture at a Glance 68
4.2 Emerging Trends 70
4.3 Main Issues 71
4.4 Vision 71
4.5 Challenges, Policies and Strategies 72
GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 2

Chapter V MAJOR CONSTRAINTS & DEVELOPMENT ISSUES FOR SAIDP 81

5.1 Agriculture sector 81
5.2 Agriculture Mechanization 81
5.3 Animal Husbandry 81
5.4 Horticulture 82
5.5 Fishery 82
5.6 Co-operative 82
Chapter VI ON GOING SCHEMES AND INTERVENTIONS REQUIRED FOR 83
INFRASTRUCTURE
6.1 Agriculture 83
6.2 Horticulture Development 85
6.3 Agriculture Engineering 85
6.4 Animal Husbandry 86
6.5 Fishery 87
Chapter – VII FUNDS REQUIREMENT FOR INFRASTRUCTURE 88
DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN PERIOD
FROM 2012-13 TO 2016-17
Chapter - VIII MONITORING AND EVALUATION 120

CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION: The land is blessed in all terms; such as topography, natural beauty,
population, religional culture or language. India compresses of twenty eight states and seven
union territories. The twenty eight states and the seven union territories are all unique in their
own way, having an extraordinary history and culture. All the states and union territories in
India never fail to charm its visitors with their unfolding mysteries and charisma.
1.1 Madhya Pradesh: Landlocked in the central part of the country, Madhya Pradesh is
bordered by the states of Rajasthan to the northwest, Uttar Pradesh to the north, Chhattisgarh
to the east, Maharashtra to the south, and Gujarat to the west. Madhya Pradesh had the
honor of being the largest state of the country until Chhattisgarh was carved out of it on 1st
November 2000. The state has a mixed topography that consists of both hills and plains.
The state has three predominant seasons: winter (November through February), summer
(March through May), and the monsoon season (June through September). During the winter
average temperatures range from 10° to 27° C (50° to 81° F). Summers are hot, with an
average temperature of 29° C (85° F) and a high temperature that at times reaches 48° C (118°
F). During the monsoon season temperatures average 19° to 30° C (66° to 86°). Madhya
Pradesh receives an average annual rainfall of about 1200 mm (nearly 50 in), of which 90
percent falls during the monsoon season. The capital of the state is Bhopal. The largest city
and the commercial capital of the state is Indore. Below is a table representing important facts
about Madhya Pradesh
Figure 1 Madhya Pradesh Location Map
Table 1.1 ;-Facts on Madhya Pradesh

Date of Formation Nov 1, 1956

Size 3,08,250 sq km
Population 7,25,97,565 (Census2011)
Capital Bhopal
Rivers Narmada, Tapti, Betwa, Son, Chambal
Forests & National Park Bandhavgarh NP, Kanha NP, Pench NP, Indrawati Tigar
Reserve, Kheoni WS
Language Hindi
Neighbours State Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh
State Animal Swamp Deer
State Bird Paradise Fly-catcher
Figure 1 .1 : Madhya Pradesh Physical Map

Table 1.2 :State Profile of Madhya Pradesh
POPULATION (2011 census) 7,25,97,565

MALES 3,76,12,920(51.81)
FEMALES 3,49,84.645(48.19)
GENDER RATIO (females/1000 males) 930(Census2011)
DENSITY OF POPULATION (Persons/ Square Km) 236
URBAN POPULATION % 31.16
LITERACY RATE (census 2001) in % 70.6
MALE LITERACY in % 80.5%
RATIO OF URBAN POPULATION 31.15%
FEMALE LITERACY in % 60.0
PR CAPITA INCOME (Rs at current price in 1992-93) 4,725
BIRTH RATE (PER 1000) (2002)P 30.3
DEATH RATE (PER 1000) 9.7
There are fifty one districts in Madhya Pradesh, these are clubbed under ten divisions which
are Bhopal, Jabalpur, Indore, Chambal, Gwalior, Rewa, Sagar, Ujjain, Shahdol and
Narmadapuram. The division-wise districts are indicated in the table below:
Table 1.3 :Division wise Districts in Madhya Pradesh
S. Name of Division No of Districts Name of Districts

No.
1. Bhopal, 05 Bhopal, Sehore, Raisen, Rajgarh, Vidisha
2. Narmadapuram 04 Betul, Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Harda
3. Indore 08 Indore, Jhabua, Alirajpur, Khargone,
Badwani, Khandwa, Burhanpur, Dhar
4. Ujjain 07 Dewas, Ratlam, Shajapur, Mandsaur,
Neemuch, Ujjain,Agar Malwa
5. Gwalior 05 Gwalior, Shivpuri, Guna, Ashok Nagar, Datia
6. Chambal 03 Bhind, Morena, Sheopur
7. Sagar 05 Sagar, Damoh, Panna, Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh

8. Jabalpur 06 Jabalpur, Katni, Narsinghpur, Seoni, Mandla,
Balaghat
9. Rewa 04 Rewa, Sidhi, Singraouli, Satna,
10. Shahdol 04 Umariya, Dindori, Shahdol, Anuppur
51

Fig.1.2 Madhya Pradesh District Map
Madhya Pradesh is home to about 40 percent of India's tribal population. There are three
distinct tribal groups in the state. The largest chunk is formed by the Gonds, who once ruled a
major part of the state and after whom Gondwana, the central portion of the state is known.
Western Madhya Pradesh is inhabited by the Bhils, a colourful group of warriors and
huntsmen. Eastern Madhya Pradesh is dominated by the Oraons, most of whom have now
turned Christians. Hindi is the most widely spoken language though Marathi is also
widespread. Urdu, Oriya, Gujarati and Punjabi are spoken by sizeable numbers. The Bhils speak
Bhili and the Gonds Gondi and a major chunk of the population also speak Hindi. The Gonds,
Bhils and Banjaras have several vibrant tribal dances like Phag (a sword dance), Lota (dance by
women full of water on their heads), and other stilt dances. Textiles are important but Madhya
Pradesh also has a strong traditional village handicraft industry. Handloom Chanderi and
Maheshwar silks are especially sought after.
The tribal population produces attractive handicrafts. Among the temples known throughout
the world for their erotic art are those at Khajuraho in the Chhatarpur district in the north of
the state; dating from AD 1000, they were built by the Chandela kings. The temples at Gwalior
and in its vicinity should also be mentioned. The palaces and mosque at Mandu (near Dhar),
the majestic Bandhogarh fort built in the 14th century, and the Gwalior fort--perhaps the most
impressive of the residences of the former princes of Madhya Pradesh-represent other notable
architectural achievements. The state has several well-known annual cultural events, such as
Kalidas Samaroh (for performing and fine arts) in Ujjain, Tansen Samaroh (music) in Gwalior,
and a dance festival in Khajuraho, where artists from all over India participate. In Bhopal there
is a unique multifaceted cultural complex, the Bharat Bhavan, which functions as a meeting

ground for artists from various fields. Located along the Bhopal Lake, this sprawling complex
houses a museum, a library, an open-air theatre, and a number of conference halls. The state
has important yearly religious melas (gatherings) in Mandasor and Ujjain, as well as religious
festivals like Dashhara.
Population of Madhya Pradesh The population of the state is 7,25,97,565 in the last held
census of 2011. At that point of time, Madhya Pradesh was considered to be the seventh most
populated state of India. Though Madhya Pradesh used to be a sparsely populated state
considering the huge area that it covers, yet the growth in the industries in the chief urban
areas saw a steady rise in the number of inhabitants from the previous census. The improved
gender ratio and literacy rate also speaks for the improvement of civil consciousness among
the population of Madhya Pradesh. Population in Madhya Pradesh is largely rural. About 75 %
of the total population resides in the villages. People involved in agriculture; by far; forms the
biggest occupation group in Madhya Pradesh. Nearly 71 % of the population is directly
involved in agriculture.
Madhya Pradesh's population boasts of a diverse ethnicity. Although Hindi is spoken by most
inhabitants, yet other minor ethnic groups also abound. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribal
population in India, contributing to more than 23 % of the total tribal population in India. Bhils,
Gonds, Oraons, Korkens and Kols form the major ethnic groups of Madhya Pradesh. Recently a
development has been noted in the sex-ratio and the literacy rate of these ethnic groups.
However, most of them still prefer to continue with their traditional agrarian way of life.
The Government of Madhya Pradesh has been active in strengthening its industrial base in the
last few years. That has given rise to an increasing demand for skilled labor throughout the
state. The unskilled labor of the state are centered around the chief urban centers and are
supplied by the rural areas of the state. Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals, though these
resources have not yet been fully exploited. There are large reserves of coal and important
deposits of copper ore, manganese ore, fireclay, and china clay. Diamond reserves at Panna
are of particular interest. Recent findings of large amount of Gas and Petroleum in and around
Shahdol, is a new addition.
The major industries of the state are Pharmaceutical, Electronics, Telecommunications,
Petrochemicals, Food Processing and Automobiles. The state has also taken a lead in the
production of cement. The state is also famous for its traditional handicrafts and handlooms
manufactured at Chanderi and Maheshwar. The state is well endowed with potential
hydroelectric power. Main hydroelectric projects (jointly developed with other states) are the
Babanthadi with Maharashtra, the Ban Sagar with Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the Chambal Valley
with Rajasthan, the Narmada Sagar with Gujarat and Rajasthan, and the Rajghat and Urmil
with Uttar Pradesh. The Hasdeo Bango, Bargi, and Birsinghapur thermal power projects are
also within the state.

Agriculture is the basis of Madhya Pradesh's economy. Little less than half of the land area is
cultivable; however its distribution is quite uneven because of variations in topography,
rainfall, and soils. The main cultivated areas are found in the Malwa Plateau, the Rewa Plateau,
and the Chhattisgarh Plain. The Narmada valley, covered with river-borne alluvium, is another
fertile area. The most important crops are rice, wheat, sorghum (jowar), corn (maize), pulses
(legumes such as peas, beans, or lentils), and peanuts (groundnuts). Rice is grown mainly in the
east, where there is more rainfall, while in western Madhya Pradesh wheat and sorghum are
more important.
The state is the largest soybean producer in India. Other crops include linseed, sesame,
sugarcane, and cotton, as well as minor millets, which are grown in hilly areas. The state is a
large producer of opium (in the western district of Mandasor, near Rajasthan) and marijuana
(in the southwestern district of Khandwa [East Nimar]). In fact, in Madhya Pradesh the basic
mainstay of the common people is agriculture; and it is through agriculture that the state is
growing with leaps and bounds. In Madhya Pradesh, about 74.73 % of people come from
villages who are far from the influence of industrialization.
Agriculture in Madhya Pradesh, a major part of the economy of Madhya Pradesh, also plays
an important role in the National Agricultural Production. Produced below is Madhya
Pradesh’s share in National Agriculture production:
Table 1.4 State's Share in National Agriculture Production & Their Status
CROP FIRST POSITION SECOND POSITION THIRD POSITION POSITION OF M.P. IF
GROUP STATE {%} STATE {%} STATE {%} NOT IN FIRST THREE
CROP SHARE SHARE SHARE
POSITION {%}
SHARE
TOTAL RAJ 25.37 MAH 13.56 A. P 9.18 FIFTH 8.7
CEREALS
TOTAL M.P. 21.38 U.P. 19.77 MAH 18.51 - -
PULSES
TOTAL FOOD U.P. 20.73 PUN 11.59 RAJ 8.43 FIFTH 7.43
GRAINS
TOTAL OIL GUJ 22.42 M .P. 22.10 RAJ 15.82 - -
SEEDS
RICE WB 16.61 U.P. 14.75 PUN 10.94 FOURTEENTH 1.90
JOWAR MAH 46.09 M.P. 14.11 KAR 11.03 - -
MAIZE A.P. 16.61 RAJ 13.86 M.P 12.39 - -
BAJRA RAJ 54.87 GUJ 13.20 U.P. 9.24 SIXTH 2.15
WHEAT U.P. 35.46 PUN 20.09 HAR 12.66 FOURTH 10.04
ARHAR MAH 29.11 U.P. 17.30 M.P. 11.39 - -
GRAM M.P. 40.33 U.P. 18.40 MAH 10.61 - -
MASOOR U.P. 48.54 M.P. 23.30 BIH 15.53 - -
GROUNDNUT GUJ 54.8 A.P. 12.10 TAM 11.25 SEVENTH 3.18
SOYABEAN M.P. 59.92 MAH 28.14 RAJ 8.78 - -
RAPE/MUSTA RAJ 44.19 HAR 15.48 U.P. 12.74 FOURTH 7.74
RD
COTTON GUJ 29.06 MAH 22.21 A.P. 13.65 SEVENTH 4.76
SUGARCANE U.P. 47.51 MAH 11.37 TAM 8.31 ELEVENTH 0.92
Note : Data pertains to year 2003-04 (M P – Madhya Pradesh, U. P. - Uttar Pradesh, A.P.
Andhra Pradesh, RAJ Ra

Fig. 1.3 Madhya Pradesh Agricultural Map
Agriculture continues to be the mainstay of livelihood for more than 50 per cent of the
population in Madhya Pradesh. It contributes more than 12 per cent of Net State Domestic
Product. It is the single largest private sector providing job opportunities for rural people
besides being the source of supply of food grains and other dietary staples and serving as the
prime source of raw materials for industries. Agricultural development is essential not only to
achieve self-reliance in food grains at the state level, but also for ensuring household food
security and to bring equity in distribution of income and wealth resulting in ultimate
reduction of the poverty level. In fact, high economic growth will have no meaning for the
masses living in rural areas unless agriculture is revitalized.
Realising the urgency of problems in many of the states in India, National Development
Council (NDC) resolved that a special Additional Central Assistance Scheme, named National
Agriculture Development Programme (NADP / RKVY) be launched. The NDC also felt that
agriculture development strategies must be reoriented to meet the needs of farmers and
called upon the Central and State governments to evolve a strategy to rejuvenate agriculture
with a commitment to achieve at least four per cent growth in the agricultural sector during
the 11th Five Year plan period. To achieve this, formulation of action plans by means of
developing Comprehensive District Agriculture Plans (DAP) is recommended. It is of the view
that such plans would also reflect the various felt needs of the farmers and other stakeholders.
Such District Agriculture Plans aim at moving towards projecting the requirements for
development of Agriculture and allied sectors of the district including animal husbandry and
fishery, minor irrigation projects, rural development works, agricultural marketing schemes,
schemes for water harvesting and conservation, etc. keeping in view of the natural resources
and technological possibilities in each district. These plans thus, would present the vision for
Agriculture and allied sectors within the overall development perspective of the district apart
from the financial requirement and the sources of financing the agriculture development plans
in a comprehensive way.

Preparation of District Agriculture Plan for individual district in turn follows the formulation of
State Agriculture Plan (SAP). The State Agriculture Plan integrates multiple programmes that
are in operation in the district and State, include the resources and activities indicated by the
State and combines the resources available from the other programmes also.
1.2 Major Areas of Focus
The NADP guidelines indicate the following major areas of focus. Based on these focussed
areas, interventions and detailed action plans are prepared. Few innovative schemes as per
the felt needs of the stakeholders are also proposed. The major sectors included in this
document are as follows :-
1. Infrastructure related to Natural Resources Development.
2. Pest Management and Pesticides quality control.
3. Soil Nutrient Management, Fertilizers and Bio fertilizers.
4. Marketing and Post Harvest Management.
5. Seed and its quality control.
6. Agriculture Mechanization.
7. Agriculture Extension.
8. Agriculture Research .
9. Micro- Minor Irrigation.
10. Animal Husbandry and Dairy.
11. Horticulture.
12. Fishery.
1.3 Objectives of SAIDP :-

The major objectives of developing State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan are as
follows :-
 To prepare a Comprehensive State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan
(SAIDP) through participatory process involving various organizations and stakeholders.
 To enable optimum utilization of scarce natural, physical and financial resources.
 To assess and plan for the infrastructure required to support the Integrated
development of Agriculture Consortium.
 To establish linkages with the required institutional support services, like credit,
technology transfer, ICT, research, HRD, Procurement, Quality control, etc.
 To evolve an action plan for achieving sustainable agricultural growth with food
security and Integrated farming system that will improve farmers’ income.

1.3 Approach and Methodology

Department of Farmer’s Welfare and Agriculture, Government of Madhya Pradesh, advertised
for the expression of interest from suitable agencies for the preparation of CDAPs for 11th five
plan, in January’ 2009. Adopting the transparent and step by step systematic approach, work
orders and MOUs were finally signed on 29th June’ 2009; with five most eligible agencies for
undertaking the work in 48 districts of MP. (Work orders for the preparation of CDAPs, for two
districts were allotted directly by GOI, to MANAGE, Hyderabad). The Comprehensive – District
Agriculture Plans (C–DAP) prepared by these five agencies followed the methodology
suggested by C –DAP Manual prescribed by Planning Commission, Government of India in
letter and spirit. These agencies followed the Participatory Planning Process i (PPP) and
Participatory Rural Appraisalii (PRA) tools to involve local Gram Panchayats (GP) and the
community in the grassroots planning process.
A road map was developed to achieve the desired result in the allocated time frame; by each
agency two separate teams were constituted, viz Operational Task Teamiii (OTT) comprising of
senior development professional at district and block level for consultation, coordination,
collection of information from all possible secondary sources, collating the dataset and
information to derive certain definitive appraisals of the current situation and comprehending
the proposals to be included in the final plan with active support from the functionaries of
various departments involved in agriculture and natural resource development and
management and Yojna Jankarsiv to work with GPv functionaries for developing primary
dataset, appraisal and analysis of current situation on ground zero and capturing the
aspirations and reflections of the target communities and or their constituent groups.
A Strategic Task Team (STT) comprising of senior development academics and professionals
with sufficient experience in development, planning, monitoring, capacity building and
execution from National Livelihood Resources Institutevi and field office of agencies, along with
the consultant of the department were given the responsibility of orientation training OTT
members in the entire planning processes, provide intellectual support to OTT for conducting
district and block consultation sessions with officials and functionaries of concern
departments, Janpad Panchayats at block level and Gram Panchayats. The STT comprises of a
multidisciplinary skill set and expertise and was involved in developing the final plans for
discussion with district and state officials. STT members conducted a series of internal
meetings to build the perspective plan for each allocated district, did data mining from a
variety of sources both in physical and digital format as reference material.
According to the instructions issued by Government of India, The C-DAP and SAP
developed for 11th five year plan period were revised for 12th five year plan period ,in terms
of requirement and necessities felt during 11thg plan period to be addressed during 12th plan.
As the revised guide line of RKVY issued by GoI in the year 2014, the SAIDP was also to be
developed separately in the similar manner as SAP and C-DAP are prepared.
1.4 Steps Followed in Developing SAIDP.
As the SAIDP was to be prepared departmentally with the help of all stake holders ,
therefore steps followed for preparing the SAIDP are as follows :-
(a) Internal Consultations Meeting and Orientation Training: The internal consultation
meeting – cum – orientation training of the all the stake holders involved in developing C –

DAP were given at the Directorate level.. The participants were given thorough understanding
of SAIDP , the spirit enshrined in , the scope of planning exercise, the process to be followed
along with the planning tools to be used. The orientation module included the principals of
participatory planning process, mechanisms to collect most relevant and updated information
both from secondary and primary sources, developing the vision of the State, collection of
data from Gram Panchayat, block and district and finalizing the action plan for the State.
All the stake holders are advised to visualize the factual need of their future need with
respect to nation's and state vision document.
(b) Collection of Data : Every stake holders have been advised to collect the relevant and
desired data from SAP and their statistical wing. For ex. the number of Seed Go-down
required will be with respect to the total seed to be produced in the farms and farmers fields
through seed societies in a year. Like wise other sectoral requirement has also been calculated.
(c) Reconnaissance Survey: A multidisciplinary team of experts in agriculture, natural
resources management, irrigation and watershed management, farming systems specialists,
community development specialist and senior professionals having expertise in apprising the
need of various infrastructures in various fields.
(d) District / Block Level Consultations: All the department have been advised to consult their
field functionaries for the issues like availability of land for the construction of Labs, Training
Centers, Veterinary Hospitals etc. the field functionaries have also been consulted for the
available infrastructure and future requirement , so that gaps can be identified.
(e) Desk Research: A systematic and focused desk research and internet assisted search for
relevant documents, reports reviews, appraisals, evaluations of the previous schemes, projects
and research notes were carried out to review of national, regional and local experiences in
preparing such plan. The desk review provided vital statistics and dataset from various sources
to construct the development or backwardness indices for the blocks and understand the
reasons impeding the development.
(f) Processing and Analysis: All the collected information from both primary and secondary
sources, desk reviews and research notes was analyzed and calibrated. The analyzed data have
been used develop vision document, strategy and action plan for the district.
(g) State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan: This document, named as State
Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan has already been a part of SAP but in brief.
Therefore a separate document showing the present and future requirement of Infrastructure
has been prepared .

CHAPTER – II
RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE ECONOMY
Zonal Classifications
Madhya Pradesh can be divided into three types of zonal classifications, namely
Geomorphologic zones, Agro-climatic zones and Agro-ecological zones.
2.1. Geomorphologic Zones
Agro – Climatic Zones Based on the rainfall pattern, soils types and topography Madhya
Pradesh State is divided into eleven agro-climatic zones and 5 crop zones. District-wise
classification along with soil type and normal rainfall range is as given below in table 2.1.1 (a):
Table 2.1 Agro Climatic and Crop zones of Madhya Pradesh
S. CROP/ZO AGRO- SOIL TYPE RAINFAL DISTRICTS COVERED DETAILS OF
N NES CLIMATIC L (Range PARTLY COVERED
o. REGIONS in mm) DISTRICTS
1. Rice zone Chhattisgarh Red and Yellow 1200 to Balaghat.
plains (Medium) 1600
2 -do- Northern Hill Red and Yellow 1200 to ,Shahdol, Mandla, Dindori,
Region Medium black 1600 Anuppur, Sidhi (Partly),
of Chhattisgarh & skeletal Umaria
(Medium/light)
3 Wheat Kymore Mixed red and 1000 to Rewa, Satna, Panna,
Rice Plateau and black soils 1400 Jabalpur, Seoni, Katni,
Zone Satpura Hills (Medium) Sidhi
4 Wheat Central Deep black (deep) 1200 to Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad Sehore :-Budni
zone Narmada 1600 Sehore (Partly), Raisen Tehsil.
Valley (Partly) Raisen :-Bareli
Tehsil.
5 -do- Vindhya Medium black and 1200 to Bhopal, Sagar, Damoh, Guna,
Plateau deep black 1400 Vidisha, Raisen (except Chanchoda,
(Medium/Heavy) Bareli Teh.), Sehore Raghogarh &
(except Budni Teh.), Guna Aron Tehsils.
(Partly).
6 Wheat- Gird Region Alluvial (Light) 800 to Gwalior, Bhind, Morena,
Jowar 1000 Sheopur Kalan, Shivpuri
(except Pichore, Karera,
Narwar, Khania – dana
Teh.), Guna (except Aron,
Raghogarh, Chachoda
Tehsil), Ashoknagar
7 Wheat- Bundelkhand Mixed red and 800 to Chhattarpur, Datia, Shivpuri (Karera,
Jowar: black(Medium) 1400 Tikamgarh, and Shivpuri Pichhore, Narwar
(Partly) & Khaniadhana
Tehsils).
8 -do- Satpura Shallow black 1000 to Betul and Chhindwara
Plateau (Medium) 1200
9 Cotton Malwa Plateau Medium black 800 to Mandsaur, Neemuch, Dhar :-
Jowar (Medium) 1200 Ratlam, Ujjain, Dewas, Dhar,Badnawar
Indore, Shajapur, and Sardarpur

Rajgarh and Dhar (Partly) Tehsils.
Jhabua (Partly) Jhabua :-
Petlawad Tehsil.
1 -do- Nimar Plains Medium black 800 to Khandwa, Burhanpur, Dhar Manawar,
0 (Medium) 1000 Khargone, Barwani, Harda Dharampuri and
,Dhar (Partly) District. Gandhawani
Tehsil.
1 -do- Jhabua Hills Medium black 800 Jhabua District (except Dhar:- Only
1 skeletal (Light/ to1000 Petlawad Tehsil) and Dhar Kukshi Tehsil.
Medium) (Partly)
A map showing different agro climatic zones of Madhya Pradesh is depicted below:
Figure 2.1 The distribution of Agro climatic zones in Madhya Pradesh
CHATTISGARH PLAINS
The Chhattisgarh plains zone comprising the revenue district of Balaghat. The region broadly
spread by Red and Yellow Medium soil. The rainfall in this region is in the range of 1200 to
1600 mm yearly. Rice is main crop of this region; which is grown in most part of the region.
NORTHERN HILL REGION OF CHATTISGARH
The Northern hill region of Chattisgarh zone comprises of the revenue districts of Shahdol,
Mandla, Dindori, Anooppur, Sidhi (Partly) and Umariya, Generally Skeletal medium / light, Red
and Medium black soils are found in this region. The rain fall pattern of this region is almost
same to Chhattisgarh plains; i.e. in the range of 1200 to 1600 mm yearly. Rice is the main crop
of this region too.
KYMURE PLATEAU AND STAPURA HILLS
The Kymore plateau and Satpura hills comprises of Rewa, Satna, Panna, Jabalpur, Seoni, Katni,
and Sidhi. Mixed red and medium black soil are mainly in the region. In this region rainfall is in
the range of 1000 to 1400 mm yearly. In the region wheat and rice are mainly grown.

CENTRAL NARMADA VALLEY
District Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Sehore (Partly) and partly Raisen are part of the Central
Narmada valley zone. This region is covered by Deep black high fertile soil. In this region the
rainfall recorded is 1200 mm minimum and 1600 mm maximum. Wheat is the main crop of
this region.
VINDHYA PLAREAU
The Vindhya plateau is situated in the central part of Madhya Pradesh and is comprising of
districts of Bhopal, Sagar, Damoh, Vidish, Raisen (Excluding Bareli tehsil), Sehre (Exept Budni
Tehsil) and Guna (partly), the area is covered by medium black and deep black soils. The
rainfall ranges from 1200 mm to 1400 which is mostly contributed by South west monsoon.
Wheat is the main crop of this region.
GIRD REGION
The Gird Region zone is situated in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh comprising of
districts Gwalior, Bhind, Morena, Seopur-kala, Shivpuri (Excluding Pichore, Karera, Narwar and
Khania-dana tehsil), Guna (Exept Aron, Radhogarh and Chachoda tehsil) and Ashoknagar
district. The area is covered by light Alluvial soil. The area is having main crops of Wheat and
Jowar. The rainfall ranges from 800 to 1000 mm yearly.
BUNDELKHAND
The districts of Chhattrpur, Datia, Tikamgarh and partly Shivpuri are part of the Bundelkhand
zone. The area of this zone is divided in the two part one is western part connected with Gird
region having one district and another is eastern part connected with Kymore plateau in the
eastern side and Vindhya plateau in the southern part, this region is covered by Mixed Red and
Medium black soils having wheat and Jowar as main crop, rainfall ranges from 800 to 1400 mm
in this region.
SATPURA PLATEAU
Betul and Chhindwara districts comes under the Satpura zone. In this zone the soil is medium
shallow black, mainly wheat and jowar are grown in this region. Rainfall range of this region is
1000 to 1200 mm yearly.
MALWA PLATEAU
Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Ujjain, Dewas, Indore, Shajapur, Rajgarh, Dhar (Partly) and
Jhabua (Partly) districts are comes under the Malwa plateau Zone in this zone the soil is
medium black, mainly Cotton and Jowar grow in this region, Rainfall ranges of this region is
800 to 1200 mm yearly.
NIMAR PLAINS
Khandwa, Burhanpur, Khargone, Barwani Harda Dhar (partly) and Jhabua (partly) districts
comes under the Satpura zone. The soil in this zone is medium shallow black, mainly wheat
and Jowar are grown in this region. Rainfall ranges of this region are 1000 to 1200 mm yearly.
JHABUA HILLS
The Jhabua hills zone is situated in the south western part of Madhya Pradesh, comprising of
Jhabua (excluding Petlawad Tehsil) and Dhar (partly) districts. The area is covered by Medium
Black skeletal (Light / Medium) soil with main crops of Cotton, Maize and Jowar. The rainfall
ranges from 800 to 1000 mm yearly.

2.2 Soils of Madhya Pradesh
Major portion in Madhya Pradesh is covered by deep medium black soil covering 16.21 m. ha
area; i.e. having 36.53 % area. Districts covered includes; Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Harda,
Shahdol, Umaria, Jabalpur, Katni Sagar, Damoh, Vidisha, Raisen, Bhopal, Sehore, Rajgarh,
Ujjain, Dewas, Shajapur, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Jhabua, Dhar, Indore, Khargone
Barwani, Khandwa, Guna (partly), Shivpuri (partly), Datia (partly), Sidhi (partly), Anuppur,
Ashoknagar, Burhanpur, Alirajpur and Singroli.
Mixed Red and Black soil also covers 18.30 % of total area; i.e. 8.11 m ha. The districts covered
under this category includes; Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Rewa, Satna, Panna, Chhattarpur and
Tikamgarh. Four districts are partly covered under this soil type, that includes Shivpuri, Guna,
Datia and Sidhi.
Alluvial soil is in 7.57 % area of Madhya Pradesh aving total area of 3.35 m ha.
Four districts are entirely covered with this type of soil namely; Gwalior, Morena, Sheopur
kalan and Bhind, one district which is partly covered is Shivpuri.
Shallow and medium black soil covers 6.91 % area of state, having total area 3.06 m ha. Betul,
Chhindwara and Seoni districts entirely are covered by this type of soil.
The types of soil and their availability in Madhya Pradesh are furnished in Table given below.
Table 2.2 Types of soil and area covered in Madhya Pradesh
S.No. Type of soils Area and (%) No. of Name of Districts
Districts
1 Shallow and medium Black 3 Betul, Chhindwara and Seoni
soil Area 3.06 m. ha.
(6.91%)
2 Deep medium Black soil 33 Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Harda, Shahdol,
Area 16.21 m. ha. (36.53%) Umaria, Jabalpur, Katni Sagar, Damoh, Vidisha,
Raisen, Bhopal, Sehore, Rajgarh, Ujjain, Dewas,
Shajapur, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam,
Jhabua, Dhar, Indore, Khargone Barwani,
Khandwa, Guna (partly), Shivpuri (partly), Datia
(partly) and Sidhi (partly), Anuppur,
Ashoknagar, Burhanpur, Alirajpur, Singroli
3 Alluvial soil 4 Gwalior, Morena, Sheopurkala, Bhind &
Area 3.35 m. ha. Shivpuri (partly)
(7.57%)
4 Mixed Red and Black soil 8 Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Rewa, Satna, Panna,
Area 8.11 m. ha. Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh, Shivpuri (partly), Guna
(18.30%) (partly), Datia (partly) and Sidhi (partly)
Indicated in the below mentioned table is the status of soil nutrients i.e. Nitrogen,
Phosphorous and Potash as low, medium and high. As is evident from the table majority of the
districts of Madhya Pradesh (21 to number) are having Low – Nitrogen levels, Medium
Phosphorous levels and High Potash levels.

Table 2.3 District-Wise Soil Fertility Status
S.No. NEUTRIENTS STATUS DISTRTS NAME OF DISTRICTS
COVERED
1 N- Low 21 Districts Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ujjain, Jhabua,
Burhanpur
P- Medium Alirajpur, Dhar, Indore, Khandwa, Dewas,
Shajapur,
K- High Raisen, Vidisha, Bhopal, Sehore, Betul,
Rajgarh, Shivpuri, Guna, Datia and Ashoknagar

2 N- Low 9 Districts. Gwalior, Bhind, Morena, Sheopurkala,
P- Medium Ratlam, Khargone, Hoshangabad,
K- High Harda and Badwani.
3 N- Low 7 Districts Narsinghpur, Jabalpur, Katni, Satna,
P- Low Rewa, Sidhi and Singroli.
K- High
4 N- Medium 3 Districts Mandla, Dindori and Sagar.
P- Low
K- Medium
5 N- Medium 7 Districts Tikamgarh, Panna, Shahdol, Umaria,
P- Low Balaghat, Seoni and Anuppur
K- High
6 N- Low 1 District Damoh
P- Low
K- Medium
7 N- Medium 2 Districts Chhindwara and Chhatarpur

P- Medium
K- Medium
Source: Compendium of Agriculture statistics: Directorate of Farmer’s Welfare & Agriculture

Development, MP

2.3 District wise spread of Rainfall in Madhya Pradesh

It could be seen from the table below, that the total average rainfall received up to
22/9/2012in the state is 992.4 and against normal rainfall of state 911.2, normally month wise
monsoon in the Madhya Pradesh is uncertain in June to September period. Mostly the rainfall
received from South west monsoon in the rainy season. The Rainfall position 2012(22-09-
2012) along with normal rainfall is furnished in table below.
Table 2.4 Rainfall Distribution in Madhya Pradesh Rainfall position 2012(22-09-2012)
Rainfall position 2012(22-09-2012)

Particulars No. DISTRICTS
EXCESS RAINFALL SINGROLI, BETUL, HARDA, SIDHI, JHABUA,
14 KHANDWA ,BURHANPUR, HOSHANGABAD,
(+20% & Above) DEWAS ,SEHORE , REWA,U JJAIN, SHIVPURI ,
INDORE.
NORMAL RAINFALL RATLAM ,MORENA., MANDSAUR, BHOPAL, DATIA,
JABALPUR, GUNA, ALIRAJPUR, CHHINDWADA,
(+19% to –19%)
RAJGARH, KATNI, BHIND, SHAJAPUR, GWALIOR.
34 NEEMUCH. MANDLA SHEOPURKALA
,KHARGONE, DAMOH, PANNA. SATNA, VIDISHA,
NARSINGHPUR, ASHOKNAGAR, RAISEN, SEONI,
TIKAMGARH, DHAR, SHAHDOL, SAGAR, DINDORI,
CHHATARPR. BALAGHAT, ANUPPUR ,
DEFICIENT RAINFALL BARWANI, UMARIA
2
(-20% to -59%)
NORMAL RAINFALL
OF STATE (mm)
911.9
ACTUAL RAINFALL
OF STATE (mm)
992.4
% INCREASE
+9%
Source Presentation; NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR RABI CAMPAIGN 2012-13 by
Go MP
From the table, it could be seen that comparatively Excess rainfall was received in 14 districts,
normal rainfall was received in the 34 districts and deficient rainfall was received in two
districts with actual rainfall of state 992.4mm against normal rainfall of state 911.9mm
2.4 LAND DEGRADATION
Land degradation, in general, implies temporary or permanent recession from a higher to a
lower status of productivity through deterioration of physical, chemical and biological aspects.
The physical processes, which contribute to land degradation, are mainly water and wind
erosion, compaction, crusting and water logging. The chemical processes include salinization,
alkalization, acidification, pollution and nutrient depletion. The biological processes, on the
other hand are related to the reduction of organic matter content in the soil, degradation of
vegetation and impairment of activities of micro-flora and fauna .
Water Erosion
Water erosion is the most widespread form of degradation and occurs widely in all agro-
climatic zones. The displacement of soil material by water can result in either loss of top soil or
terrain deformation or both. This category includes processes such as splash erosion, sheet
erosion, rill and gully erosion. The soil erosion is initiated when raindrops fall onto the bare soil
surface. The impact of raindrops breaks up the surface soil aggregates and splashes particles

into the air. On sloping land relatively more of the detached material will fall down slope
resulting in runoff. This subsequently lead to different types of water erosion depending on
the gravity of the problem, susceptibility of land and continuity of the process.
1. Sheet erosion
It is a common problem resulting from loss of top fertile soils. The loss of topsoil is often
preceded by compaction and/or crusting, resulting in a decrease of infiltration capacity of the
soil. The soil particles are removed from the whole soil surface on a fairly uniform basis in the
form of thin layers. The severity of the problem is often difficult to visualize with naked eyes in
the field.
2. Rills
When the surface runoff goes in the form a concentric flow, a tiny water channels are formed
in the field. These are small rivulets of such a size that they can be worked over with farm
machinery. Rills are generally associated with the cultivated lands and are visible in the
ploughed soil after first heavy showers. One important feature of rills is that they do not occur
at the same place repeatedly. This is a temporary concentric flow of runoff, which could vanish
after ploughing the land.
3. Gullies
Gullies are formed as a result of localized surface run-off affecting the unconsolidated material
resulting in the formation of perceptible channels causing undulating terrain. If rills are
neglected and the erosion continues for a long time, it develops in to gullies. They are
commonly found in sloping lands, developed as a result of concentrated run-off over fairly long
time. They are mostly associated with stream courses, sloping grounds with good rainfall
regions and foot hill regions. These are the first stage of excessive land dissection followed by
their networking which leads to the development of ravenous land.
4. Ravines
The word ravine is usually associated not with an isolated gully but an intricate network of
gullies formed generally in deep alluvium and entering a nearby river, flowing much lower than
the surrounding tablelands. Ravines are basically extensive systems of gullies developed along
river courses. Further classification of this category is possible based on the depth, width, bed
slope, frequency and morphology of bed material of the ravines. Based on the depth of the
ravines, which has a characteristic manifestation on the satellite image, two subcategories are
possible for delineation viz., shallow ravenous and deep ravenous lands.
Wind Erosion
It implies uniform displacement of topsoil by wind action. It can result in loss of topsoil and the
deposition of the eroded material from elsewhere . The risk of wind erosion is severe in the
arid and semi-arid areas. It includes both the removal and deposition of soil particles by wind
action and the abrasive effects of moving particles as they are transported. Not only can the
wind remove topsoil from good farmland; it can result in additional damage by burying land,
buildings, machinery, etc. with unwanted soil. It occurs when soil is left devoid of vegetation
either because of poor rainfall to support any vegetal cover or loss of vegetation due to
overgrazing. In the sand deposited areas with rainfall the sand gets stabilized partially of fully
depending on vegetal cover it establishes.

During high winds the finer, and commonly more fertile, particles are swept high in the air and
are sometimes carried for great distances as dust storms; while coarser particles are rolled or
swept along on or very near the soil surface to be piled into depressions. The process is highly
dynamic and requires careful evaluation of the site and process.
1. Sheet Erosion
It implies uniform displacement of topsoil by wind action as thin layers / sheets. During wind
storms, the dry finer soil particles which could be suspended into air will be transported longer
distances, while the heavier particles creeps on the surface and generally will be transported
to a shorter distances. It may seriously influence the infrastructures (roads. railway lines.
buildings. waterways, etc.). The uneven displacement of soil material by wind action leads to
deflation hollows and dunes. The lifted medium to coarse soil particles may reduce the
productivity of adjacent fertile land when they are deposited in the form of sand castings.
2.5 WASTELAND CLASSIFICATION
2.5.1 Culturable Wastelands
Land which is capable or has the potential for the development of vegetative cover and is not
being used due to different constraints of varying degrees is termed as culturable wastelands.
Culturable wastelands comprise the following categories.
i. Agricultural Land inside notified forest: Lands put under cultivation within the restricted
forest areas.
ii. Degraded forest – Scrub domination: Lands as noticed under the Forest Act and those lands
with various types of forest cover, in which vegetative cover is less than 20% are classified as
degraded forest land. Among the vegetative types scrubs and thorny bushes are dominated
species.
iii. Degraded land under plantation crops: This includes degraded lands containing plantations
inside and outside of the notified forest area.
iv. Degraded pastures / grazing land: All those grazing land in non-forest areas, whether or
not they are permanent pastures or meadows, which have become degraded due to lack of
proper soil conservation and drainage measures fall under this category.
v. Gullied / ravenous land: The gullies are formed as a result of localised surface run off
affecting the friable unconsolidated material resulting in the formation of perceptible channels
resulting in undulating terrain. The gullies are the first stage of excessive land dissection
followed by their networking which leads to the development of ravenous land. The world
'ravine' is usually associated not with an isolated gully but a network of gullies formed
generally in deep alluvium and entering nearby river flowing much lower than the surrounding
table lands. The ravines then are extensive systems of gullies developed along river courses.
vi. Land with or without scrub: This is the land which is generally prone to degradation and
may or may not have scrub over. Such land occupies topographically high locations in the
respective systems. This excludes hilly and mountainous terrain.
vii. Water-logged and marsh: Surface water-logged land is that land where the water is near
the surface and water stands for most of the year. Marsh is a land which permanently or
periodically inundated by water and is characterised by vegetation which includes grasses and
reeds.

viii. Salt Affected Lands (Saline / Alkaline): The salt affected land is generally characterised as
the land that has adverse effects on the growth of most of the plants due to the action or
presence of excess soluble salts or excess exchangeable sodium. The saline soils have more of
soluble salts with electrical conductivity of more than 4 dSm-1. Alkali land has an exchangeable
sodium percentage (ESP) of above 15 which is generally considered as the limit between
normal and alkali soils. The predominant salts are carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium.
ix. Sands: Sandy areas are those areas which have stabilized accumulation of sand, in situ or
transported, in tank / river bed, coastal, river line or inland areas.
x. Mining / industrial waste lands: These are lands where large-scale mining operations bring
about the degradation of land and resultant mine dumps.
2.5.2 Un cultivable Wastelands
Lands which cannot be developed for cultivation of crop are defined as un cultivable
wastelands. Un cultivable wastelands are divided into:
i. Permanent pastures and other grazing lands
ii. Land under miscellaneous trees and grooves
2.5.3. Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh State
Land use statistics in general indicate the way in which the land area is put under various uses.
Land as a scarce resource, is to be managed effectively to benefit the human race that
depends on land for its livelihood. Therefore, the details on the land use pattern in Madhya
Pradesh State as a whole and for the individual district are furnished in table 2.8 and 2.9,
respectively. Graphically the land use pattern in Madhya Pradesh is shown below:
Figure 2..2 Land use classification of Madhya Pradesh
LAND USE CLASSIFICATION OF MADHYA

PRADESH
28%
49%
11%
4% 4% 4%
Forests
Not available for cultivation
Other Uncultivated land excluding fallow land
Total Culturable waste land
Fallow land
Net area sown

The land use pattern in the State is shown in Table below:

Table 2.5 Land Utilization Pattern in Madhya Pradesh state year 2011-12
(Area in Lakh hectare)
LAND USE CLASSIFICATION OF MADHYA PRADESH
Geographical area 307.959
Forests 85.865
Not available for cultivation:-
A. Land put to non-agricultural uses. 21.196
B. Barren and unculturable land 13.407
TOTAL 34.603
Other Uncultivated land excluding fallow land.:-
A. Permanent pastures & other grazing lands 13.212
B. Land under misc. tree crops & groves. 00.214
Total Culturable waste land. 10.556
TOTAL 23.986
Fallow Land :
A. Current fallows. 5.391
B. Old fallow. 5.103
TOTAL 10.495
Cropped Area.
A. Net area sown. 153.017
B. Area sown more than once. 75.452
C. Gross Cropped Area. 228.469
Cropping intensity in % 149.3
Source:-Agricultural statistics Directorate of FW&AD From 2005-06 to 2013-14
2.5.4 Geographical Area
It could be seen from table 2.8, that the total geographical area in the State is 30.7959 million
hectares. Among the districts, Chhindwara has the maximum geographical area of 11.85 lakh
hectares and Bhopal has the minimum geographical area of 2.78 lakh hectares,
2.5.5 Forest
Further indicates that the area under forest is around 85.87 lakh hectares accounting for 28
percent of the geographical area. The district of Mandla has the maximum area under reserve
forest 5.93 lakh hectares and Ujjain has the minimum area under reserve forest with 3149
hectares only. Over years, the area under forest had increased very marginally by about 3000

hectares. However, it is pointed out that for a natural / environmental balance to receive good
rains there must be 33 percent of the geographical area under forest cover. This indicates that
aforestation must be taken up. Since, the scope for bringing more area under natural forest
cover is almost an impossible proposition, the development efforts must be dovetailed for
intensification of green cover in forest area as well as on hills and hillocks and planting tree
crops in shrub-jungles, village wastelands and farms in almost all the districts in the State.
2.5.6 Land not available for cultivation
The barren and uncultivable land & land put to non-agricultural uses is around 34.60 lakh
hectares in 2011 - 12 as compared to that of 32.00 lakh hectares in 1999 - 2000. It could be
seen that the area under this criteria is being increase over the period of 12-years could be
witnessed. This trend is not a good sign, even after having the several land development
programme etc.
2.5.7 Cultivable Waste Land
Table 2.8 indicates that the area under cultivable wastelands was 10.55 lakhs hectares in 2011-
12, while it was 10.24 lakh hectares in year of 1999-00. Thus, increase of about 0.42 lakh
hectares could be observed during the period under question. Among the districts, the
maximum area under culturable waste is found in Guna district, with 64879 hectares followed
by Shivpuri (59360 ha), Panna (40884 ha) Sidhi (30113 ha) districts in that order.
2.5.8 Net Area Sown
Table2.8, further exhibits the net sown area was 153.017 lakh hectares in year 2011-12. This
trend shows marginally increase in Net Area .This might be the cause that some increase in
lands put to agricultural uses, due to little better infrastructure in agriculture.
2.5.9 Area Sown more than once
Area sown more than once had shown a little upward trend over the period considered (Table-
2.8). This is a good sign for the improvement in agriculture practices. Infrastructure i.e.
irrigation systems and extension reform are contribute for this improvement, but the speed of
improvement is little slow which required boosting by making realistic plan & policy as well as
it’s strategically implementation in the state.
The cropping intensity for the State as a whole, as could be visualized from table 2.8, is
showing little improvement of 149.3 % (2011-12) but it is not sufficient as the ratio increased
in population of state.
The district of Khargone has the maximum cropping intensity of 225.3%, Harda (190.7
percent), Indore district 182.7 percent followed by Hoshangabad (177.0 percent) districts. and
the district of Bhind has minimum cropping intensity as 111.4 percent with Rewa as(102.6%)

Table 2.6. District wise Land Use Classification in Madhya Pradesh
LAND USES CLASSICATION IN MADHYA PRADESH FOR THE YEAR 2011-2012
DISTRICT
Forest Nt Available for Other Cultivable waste Cultivable Fallo

Cultivation uncultivable land waste land w
land land
excluding
fallow
Geograph Total % land Barran and Permanent Land under Immed Availa Un Old Curre
ical Area 4+6+8 under un cultivable pasture and Mis. trees iately ble for economic Fallo nt
non land other grazing crops and availa cultiva al patches w fallow
Agricult land groves ble for tion / land land land
ure Use (not cultiva after up to
included in tion some 2 to 5
net area improv years
sown ) ement
JABALPUR 519.8 77.7 14.9 38.8 36.9 39.7 0.1 18.7 0.0 0.0 14.5 15.6
KATNI 493.1 97.1 19.7 38.0 36.9 40.0 0.0 36.8 0.0 0.0 22.1 25.5
BALAGHAT 924.5 505.0 54.6 48.3 9.5 30.9 0.7 29.4 0.0 0.0 14.6 10.6
CHHINDWA 1184.9 476.3 40.2 50.3 20.0 53.6 0.0 39.0 0.0 0.0 27.5 18.6
RA
SEONI 875.4 328.5 37.5 49.3 12.0 20.3 0.0 31.3 0.0 0.0 19.8 16.3
MANDLA 965.6 593.2 61.4 45.6 10.8 17.3 0.1 20.9 0.0 0.0 24.9 24.2
DINDORI 358.9 25.4 7.1 28.1 11.1 13.0 0.0 15.4 0.0 0.0 28.4 33.0
NARSINGH 513.7 136.5 26.6 25.6 1.0 23.7 0.2 10.8 0.0 0.0 4.2 2.9
PUR
DIVISON 3821.3 2239. 38.4 323.9 138.2 238.5 1.2 202.3 0.0 0.0 156. 146.
TOTAL 7 1 8
SAGAR 1022.8 296.9 29.0 57.6 12.1 78.7 0.7 11.1 0.0 0.0 10.6 7.5
DAMOH 728.5 267.5 36.7 31.7 57.2 36.3 8.3 11.0 0.0 0.0 4.7 3.7
PANNA 702.9 299.6 42.6 41.4 22.8 11.1 0.0 40.9 0.0 0.0 7.0 1.0
TIKAMGAR 504.0 69.1 13.7 38.0 54.2 22.8 0.2 21.9 0.0 0.0 17.0 11.1
H
CHHATARP 863.0 213.9 24.8 45.0 1.7 64.5 0.5 56.5 0.0 0.0 30.1 22.3
UR
DIVISION 3821.3 1147. 30.0 213.7 148.0 213.4 1.6 141.4 0.0 0.0 70.0 45.5
TOTAL 0
REWA 628.7 85.4 13.6 62.0 32.6 26.9 0.2 7.3 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.2
SIDHI 471.9 195.1 41.3 37.7 3.8 5.3 0.0 30.1 0.0 0.0 12.7 17.9
SINGROLI 567.5 240.0 42.3 50.6 13.3 12.4 0.0 39.8 0.0 0.0 16.9 24.7
SATNA 742.4 203.7 27.4 70.6 14.7 22.3 3.2 44.8 0.0 0.0 17.2 17.1
DIVISION 2410.6 724.3 30.0 220.8 64.4 66.9 3.4 122.0 0.0 0.0 48.4 60.9
TOTAL
SHAHDOL 561.0 227.9 40.6 48.2 9.2 7.1 0.7 32.1 0.0 39.9 29.2 28.0
ANUPPUR 374.0 76.4 20.4 33.6 21.6 4.3 0.2 27.9 0.0 0.0 25.3 25.9
UMARIA 490.3 236.7 48.3 34.9 8.6 14.5 0.2 17.5 0.0 0.0 17.0 156.
8
DIVISION 1425.9 541.0 37.9 116.7 39.5 26.0 1.0 77.5 0.0 0.0 71.6 210.
TOTAL 7
BHOPAL 277.9 44.1 15.6 32.7 3.9 31.4 0.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 4.2 1.4
SEHORE 656.4 172.4 26.3 41.5 9.4 27.7 0.0 7.6 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.2

RAISEN 848.7 323.0 39.1 41.6 3.6 25.7 0.1 7.8 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.6
VIDISHA 730.2 109.6 15.0 39.1 11.8 23.0 2.6 9.8 0.0 0.0 2.9 1.4
RAJGARH 616.3 17.6 2.9 44.2 29.0 58.9 0.3 27.1 0.0 0.0 3.3 0.9
DIVISION 3129.5 675.7 21.6 199.1 57.7 166.7 3.0 57.4 0.0 0.0 14.1 4.6
TOTAL
INDORE 383.1 52.2 13.6 41.8 10.7 18.8 0.5 2.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 2.6
DHAR 819.5 119.7 14.6 56.7 75.8 47.3 0.0 14.6 0.0 0.0 2.8 1.9
JHABUA 293.1 11.0 3.8 32.1 35.0 4.9 0.0 18.4 0.0 0.0 8.0 1.7
ALIRAJPUR 382.7 121.1 31.7 26.2 47.7 3.3 0.0 7.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 2.3
KHARGONE 818.7 247.0 30.2 45.7 29.9 64.6 0.8 16.0 0.0 0.0 6.6 2.2
BARWANI 529.0 183.0 34.5 30.8 72.0 4.2 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.0 4.3 2.4
KHANDWA 775.6 305.3 39.4 90.5 8.2 4.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.3 2.4
BURHANPU 342.7 201.9 58.9 15.4 6.3 10.8 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.8
R
DIVISION 4345.2 1241. 28.6 339.2 285.6 205.3 1.4 65.9 0.0 0.0 37.9 17.3
TOTAL 3
UJJAIN 609.9 3.1 0.5 58.5 6.0 205.3 0.1 8.1 0.0 0.0 2.1 1.2
MANDSAUR 551.8 40.6 7.4 74.8 44.0 13.8 0.1 16.2 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.9
NEEMUCH 393.6 94.4 24.0 45.9 39.9 9.6 0.0 17.2 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.7
RATLAM 486.0 34.3 7.1 31.0 41.1 26.3 0.1 16.4 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.6
DEWAS 701.3 206.6 29.5 36.3 10.8 49.4 0.0 2.8 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.3
SHAJAPUR 616.6 6.2 1.0 54.8 39.7 47.3 0.1 12.6 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.4
AAGAR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DN. TOTAL 3361.2 385.3 11.5 301.3 181.4 179.9 0.4 73.3 0.0 0.0 7.7 4.2
MORENA 501.7 51.4 10.3 40.7 88.9 18.9 0.0 21.8 0.0 0.0 5.5 3.5
SHEOPURK 666.7 292.9 43.9 39.0 85.1 37.1 0.0 38.9 0.0 0.0 4.3 3.6
ALA
BHIND 445.2 8.8 2.0 37.4 21.5 16.8 0.6 12.2 0.0 0.0 7.0 6.0
DN. TOTAL 1613.5 353.1 21.9 117.1 195.5 72.7 0.6 72.8 0.0 0.0 16.8 13.1
GWALIOR 456.4 111.0 24.3 33.8 48.8 13.9 0.1 23.9 0.0 0.0 12.3 5.3
SHIVPURI 995.4 330.1 33.2 60.9 38.1 26.1 3.9 59.4 0.0 0.0 18.5 12.9
GUNA 630.8 101.4 16.1 34.9 62.5 30.1 0.0 64.9 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.8
ASHOKNAG 467.4 52.9 11.3 30.2 37.9 12.2 0.0 20.9 0.0 0.0 2.5 1.5
AR
DATIA 295.9 29.3 9.9 16.7 11.3 7.5 4.7 6.8 0.0 0.0 5.5 4.6
DN. TOTAL 2845.9 624.8 22.0 176.4 198.6 90.0 8.7 175.8 0.0 0.0 41.0 25.1
BETUL 1007.8 397.4 39.4 40.0 25.9 27.7 0.0 38.8 0.0 0.0 38.5 6.7
HOSHANGA 668.7 255.0 38.1 43.9 2.4 25.3 0.0 23.1 0.0 0.0 7.3 4.1
BAD
HARDA 330.6 104.9 31.7 20.7 3.5 8.9 0.1 5.3 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1
DN. TOTAL 2007.1 757.3 37.7 111.4 31.8 61.8 0.1 67.1 0.0 0.0 46.8 10.9
NON- 0.0 103.1 #DI 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
REPORTED VI/0
1
TOTAL M.P. 30795. 8586. 27.9 2119. 1340.7 1321.2 21.4 1055. 0.0 0.0 510. 539.
9 5 6 6 3 1

Source :-Agricultural statistics Directorate of FW&AD From 2005-06 to 2013-14

Table 2.6 ( Continued). District wise Land Use Classification in Madhya Pradesh
LAND USES CLASSICATION IN MADHYA PRADESH FOR THE YEAR 2011-2012
Districts Net area sown Area sown more Grossed cropped Cropping intensity
than once area in%
JABALPUR 277.7 123.2 400.9 144.4
KATNI 196.7 71.8 268.5 136.5
BALAGHAT 275.2 68.5 343.8 124.9
CHHINDWARA 499.6 176.3 675.9 135.3
SEONI 397.8 140.6 638.4 135.3
MANDLA 228.6 98.0 326.6 142.9
DINDORI 204.6 83.7 288.3 140.9
NARSINGHPUR 308.8 115.7 424.5 137.5
DIVISON TOTAL 2389.1 877.8 3266.9 136.7
SAGAR 547.5 329.5 877.0 160.2
DAMOH 316.1 134.1 450.1 142.4
PANNA 278.7 120.2 398.9 143.1
TIKAMGARH 269.8 164.8 434.6 131.1
CHHATARPUR 428.6 160.8 589.4 137.5
DIVISION TOTAL 1840.7 909.3 2750.0 149.4
REWA 411.7 10.6 422.3 102.6
SIDHI 169.2 63.6 232.7 137.5
SINGROLI 169.8 58.7 228.5 134.6
SATNA 348.8 143.5 492.3 141.1
DIVISION TOTAL 1099.5 276.3 1375.8 125.1
SHAHDOL 178.5 33.8 212.3 118.9
ANUPPUR 159.3 41.6 200.9 118.9
UMARIA 4.2 34.1 38.3 921.9
DIVISION TOTAL 342.0 109.5 451.5 132.0
BHOPAL 155.0 86.8 241.7 156.0
SEHORE 395.8 298.9 694.6 175.5
RAISEN 435.4 198.6 634.0 145.6
VIDISHA 530.1 258.3 788.4 148.7
RAJGARH 434.9 310.8 745.6 171.5
DIVISION TOTAL 1951.1 1153.3 3104.4 159.1
INDORE 249.3 206.1 455.4 182.7
DHAR 500.6 268.1 769.7 153.7
JHABUA 188.1 49.1 237.3 126.1
ALIRAJPUR 172.4 30.4 202.8 117.7
KHARGONE 403.6 5.5.7 909.2 225.3
BARWANI 263.8 48.5 275.4 121.4
KHANDWA 306.3 117.9 424.2 138.5
BURHANPUR 104.0 17.1 121.2 116.5
DIVISION TOTAL 2151.2 1244.0 3395.2 157.8
UJJAIN 497.1 398.4 886.6 178.3
MANDSAUR 360.3 230.5 590.8 164.0
NEEMUCH 185.1 116.1 301.2 162.8
RATLAM 335.0 204.3 539.3 161.0
DEWAS 393.9 296.3 690.5 175.3
SHAJAPUR 456.3 319.2 775.4 170.0
AAGAR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DN. TOTAL 2227.7 1556.1 3783.8 169.8
MORENA 271.0 104.4 375.4 138.5
SHEOPURKALA 165.8 74.8 240.6 145.1
BHIND 335.1 38.2 373.3 111.4
DN. TOTAL 771.9 217.4 989.3 128.2

GWALIOR 207.3 58.0 265.3 128.0

SHIVPURI 445.4 233.6 679.1 152.5
GUNA 334.1 149.0 483.1 144.6
ASHOKNAGAR 309.3 160.3 469.6 151.8
DATIA 209.4 52.9 252.3 125.3
DN. TOTAL 13.5.5 653.9 2159.4 143.4
BETUL 426.0 141.8 567.8 133.3
HOSHANGABAD 307.6 236.9 544.5 177.0
HARDA 186.2 168.9 355.2 190.7
DN. TOTAL 919.9 547.6 1467.5 159.5
NON-REPORTED .-103.1 -103.1 100
Total MP 18301.7 7545.2 22846.8 149.3
Source :-Agricultural statistics Directorate of FW&AD From 2005-06 to 2013-14
2.6 Operational Holdings

Operational holding often determines agricultural production and productivity. The
operational holdings as per Agricultural census are furnished in table 2.10. The results of
successive agricultural census confirm the growing imbalance and asymmetry in the
distribution of size of holdings. The number of marginal farmers in the State is 43.86 % of total
farmers having proportion 8.54 % of total land, small farmers in the state is 27.00 % of total
farmers having proportion 17.28% of total land, and semi medium farmers in the state is
18.65% of total farmers having proportion 25.18% of total land. First two category of farmers
is 71.46% having only 25.84% area of total land where as the farmers of last two category
namely Medium and Large is only 9.89% of total farmers having proportion 49.10 area of total
land.
Table 2.7. Operational Holdings as per Agricultural Census (2010-11)
Sl. No Category No Area Proportion Number wise

1. Marginal (below 1.0 Ha) 3891 1915 44
2. Small (1.0-2.0 Ha) 2449 3466 28
3. Semi-Medium (2.0 to 4.0 Ha) 1655 4510 19
4. Medium (4.0 to 10.0 Ha) 789 4545 8
5. Large (10.0 Ha and above) 89 140 1
Total 8873 15896 100 %
(Number in '000) (Area in '000 ha.)
Operational Holdings as per Agricultural Census-2010-11 (Number in '000) Large Size Group
(Area in '000 ha.)
Operational holding SC / ST and others caste wise are listed below:

Table 2..8 (a) Operational Holdings in M.P. (Number & Area)
Category S.C. S.T. Institutional Others Total %

Marginal
Area 2.19 2.70 Neg. 9.08 13.97 8.53
No. 4.42 5.43 0.01 18.52 28.38 38.56
Small
Area 3.66 5.99 0.01 18.63 28.29 17.28
No. 2.59 4.13 Neg. 12.79 19.51 26.51
Others
Area 7.69 23.74 0.31 89.72 121.46 74.20
No. 2.08 5.48 0.02 18.13 25.71 34.91
TOTAL No. 9.09 15.04 0.03 49.44 73.60

(%) 12.35 20.44 0.04 67.17 100.00
Area 13.54 32.43 0.32 117.43 163.72
(%) 8.27 19.80 0.20 71.73 100.00
Source: Agriculture census 2000-01. No. in lakh. Area in lakh hectares
Size of Holdings
The distribution of size of holdings in Madhya Pradesh is furnished in Table 2.11. It could be
seen that the average size of marginal holdings had declined from 0.41 hectare in 1976-77 to
0.37 hectare in 2000-01. However, there had been no marked differences in the size of small,
semi-medium and medium holdings over years. The size of large holdings had increased from
17.28 hectares in 1976-77 to 19.48 hectares in 2000-01. In sum, the average size of holdings in
Madhya Pradesh State had decreased from 1.25 hectares in 1976-77 to 0.89 hectare in
2000-01.

District Marginal Small Semi medium Medium Large Total

(Below 1 hect.) (1 to 2 hects) (2 to 4 hects) (4 to 10 hects) (10 hects. & above Holdings
Number Area Number Area Number Area Number Area Number Area Number Area
Jabalpur 88600 44238 48666 70139 28948 79056 14306 82860 1867 28725 182387 305018
Katni 105160 47223 39671 55510 23156 64394 10050 57852 989 14406 179026 239385
Balaghat 158046 67906 53892 74744 29565 79393 11538 65776 1293 18548 254334 306367
Chhindwara 84178 40744 73640 106588 57054 157115 33394 195092 4605 64887 252871 564426
Seoni 72089 31404 50025 73158 38821 109411 26548 157617 4472 66092 191955 437682
Mandla 78460 35038 37853 54983 28105 78602 16380 95651 1794 24364 162592 288638
Dindori 44166 21342 24526 36877 22846 64731 18118 110414 2915 41109 112571 274473
Narsinghpur 43425 23991 42543 62447 28516 80339 17231 102016 2647 38707 134362 307500
Jabalpur div. 674124 311886 370816 534446 257011 713041 147565 867278 20582 296838 1470098 2723489
Sagar 99647 51373 72808 107249 48154 134822 28522 170119 5967 98333 255098 561896
Damoh 74574 36282 38212 54393 27302 76029 16069 96587 2861 47152 159018 310443
Panna 65602 32038 44841 62833 29733 81056 15238 88011 1631 22309 157045 286247
Tikamgarh 77594 39203 48782 68782 33503 90396 12380 68607 900 12776 173159 279764
Chhatarpur 83603 45578 75067 109488 48438 130863 24264 142064 3665 55937 235237 483930
Sagar divi. 401020 204474 279710 402745 187130 513166 96673 565388 15024 236507 979557 1922280
Rewa 136911 58901 48143 69192 35349 97950 20559 119244 5236 92141 246198 437428
Sidi 112058 52393 53528 87045 40719 111216 20207 118737 4482 73487 230994 442878
Satna 124621 53736 56227 80286 37391 103420 19250 111948 2673 40718 240162 390108
Shahdol 110293 46280 46972 66928 41753 115319 25007 147821 4371 63594 228396 439942
Annupur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Umaria 37346 16418 18635 25315 15221 40978 7779 44393 1046 14989 80027 142093
Rewa divi. 521229 227728 223505 328766 170433 468883 92802 542143 17808 284929 1025777 1852449
Indore 36865 18127 30202 44119 22565 63292 15296 91760 2789 42419 107717 259717
Dhar 52914 28991 51245 74965 45165 126989 31305 189663 6545 103091 187174 523699
Jhabua 63011 36049 57369 84983 44667 124175 19541 111149 1497 19534 186085 375890
Khargon 34464 19755 53955 79926 41431 114086 26632 160965 4788 68769 161270 443501
Badwani 21087 12517 26261 38278 26894 72326 14097 84804 2122 28853 90461 236778
Khandwa 33478 19554 55767 82621 44280 122514 29590 176805 5360 79432 168475 480926
Buranpur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indore divi. 241819 134993 274799 404892 225002 623382 136461 815146 23101 342098 901182 2320511
Ujjain 44920 25202 38183 54970 35926 102227 32626 202858 8720 138631 160375 523888
Mandsaur 60738 32023 42650 62397 33564 93875 21743 131663 2819 37910 161514 357868
Neemach 39120 20568 26571 37914 18582 52743 9394 57433 1052 15899 94719 184557
Ratlam 54967 29233 42335 60716 32805 91629 19716 117883 3236 47440 153059 346901
Dewas 37379 19122 41927 59653 33338 90913 26542 155203 6433 93124 145619 418015
Shajapur 64608 34822 48362 70346 37865 107980 30751 187814 6009 91400 187595 492362
Ujjain divi. 301732 160970 240028 345996 192080 539367 140772 852854 28269 424404 902881 2323591
Morena 92126 47653 42938 61644 28664 79107 11964 66740 1021 15685 176713 270829
Sheopur 27006 15384 28503 39666 18815 51266 7546 42843 613 8755 82483 157914
Bhind 79131 40183 41766 61387 34486 97388 20591 120486 2065 28490 178039 347934
Morena divi. 198263 103220 113207 162697 81965 227761 40101 230069 3699 52930 437235 776677
Gwalior 47831 23843 28434 40948 20335 56597 11363 66740 1867 30957 109830 219085
Shivpuri 61942 34336 53324 76158 41463 115190 22733 132723 3482 54796 182944 413203
Guna 73769 39993 68501 100131 58222 160759 34385 204467 7195 117083 242072 622433

Ashoknagar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Datia 41309 20749 25804 37522 21361 58273 12478 72269 1662 23940 102614 212753
Gwalior divi. 224851 118921 176063 254759 141381 390819 80959 476199 14206 226776 637460 1467474
Bhopal 15285 7718 18760 27146 14122 38081 9479 56642 1765 26104 59411 155691
Sehore 31989 17238 37805 56663 32404 88504 25727 157188 5451 89566 133376 409159
Raisen 32460 17796 47512 69669 35635 98207 27625 166169 5417 88145 148649 439986
Vidisha 32026 16089 34692 49011 32374 92284 30226 188401 11033 194271 140351 540056
Betul 58193 21643 41488 60384 42049 114831 29795 180058 6502 93121 178027 470037
Ragarged 70437 35718 52964 73863 40510 113887 29243 174692 4809 71325 197963 469485
Bhopal divi. 240390 116202 233221 336736 197094 545794 152095 923150 34977 562532 857777 2484414
Hoshangabad 30649 17161 32922 47157 26510 73480 18704 110764 3639 61120 112424 309682
Harda 3722 2185 6778 10202 9430 26010 10570 64797 4865 87547 35365 190741
Hoshangabad 34371 19346 39700 57359 35940 99490 29274 175561 8504 148667 147789 500423
divi.
State total :- 2,837,799 1,397,740 1,951,049 2,828,396 1,488,036 4,121,70 916,702 5,447,78 166,170 2,575,681 7,359,756 16,371,308
3 8
2.7. Irrigation
Two main rivers namely Narmada and Tapti in the Madhya Pradesh State flows westward from
the Eastern Ghats and are perennial. Narmada is main river of state and called lifeline of the
state.
Sources of Irrigation
The major irrigation sources of the State are canals, tanks, wells and tube wells. The per capita
availability of water in the State is less than all – India level as 2200 cubic meters.
Table 2.10 Irrigation Potential crated and potential utilised by Large Medium &small
Projects; year wise indicated below
Year Large Medium Small Total %of potential
Potential Potential Potential Potential Potential Potential Potential Potential utilizes against
created utilizes created utilizes created utilizes created utilizes potential created
2007-08 1554 578 401 179 844 192 2799 949 35.9
2008-09 1647 631 401 178 893 168 2949 977 36.4
2009-10 1681 572 408 147 922 168 3011 887 32.4
2010-11 1747 620 410 173 982 183 3039 976 35.0
2011-12 1846 1052 416 167 1016 416 3278 1635 55.7
Source: Department of Water Resources, GoMP
Canal Irrigation in the state has increased about three folds in last seven years. In the year
2003 the area under canal irrigation was 7.5 lakh ha which today stands at 25 lakh ha. Lining of
canal has been undertaken extensively for optimum use of water. In the last three years
additional 11 lakh ha area has been covered under canal irrigation which is one of the record
achievement for the State Government.

Table 2.11. Source-wise Net Area Irrigated and Percentage to Total Irrigated Area. Unit-000’
hect.
Year Canals Tanks Wells & Other Net Gross % of net % of gross
tube- sources irrigated irrigated irrigated area irrigated
wells. area area. to net area area to
sown gross area
sown
1999-
1002 132 3712 815 5661 5828 37.6 28.5
2000
2000-01 808 85 2651 591 4135 4285 28.0 23.8
2001-02 881 93 3039 722 4735 4899 31.6 25.6
2002-03 748 94 2988 664 4494 4631 30.7 25.5
2003-04 949 127 3735 820 5631 5776 37.4 30.1
2004-05 1006 125 3993 918 6042 6193 40.1 30.5
2005-06 1030 134 3696 822 5682 5878 37.7 29.8
2006-07 1091 149 4196 929 6365 6543 42.9 32.4
2007-08 1051 138 4256 973 6418 6567 43.4 32.0
2011-12 1366 227 5485 1148 5640 8421 36.9 36.9
Source :- Commissioner, Land Records, M.P
Similarly District wise net area irrigated and gross area irrigated using different sources of
irrigation are indicated in the table below:
Table 2.12 District wise details of Net Area Irrigated by different sources in Madhya Pradesh
NET IRRIGATED AREA BY DIFFERENT SOURCEWISE1- Madhya Pradesh 2011-12

MADHAYA UNIT 'HECT.
PRADESH
DISTRICT CANALS TANKS TUBE WELLS WELLS OTHER SOURCES TOTAL IRRIGATED
AREA
JABALPUR 14424 140 87090 25605 21628 148887

KATNI 6193 1335 13510 32843 34065 87946
BALAGHAT 74904 29017 1067 23118 7793 185899
CHHINDWARA 14210 4593 40398 109750 19305 188201
SEONI 62789 9578 6230 44887 17927 141391
MANDLA 21862 292 0 4679 2569 29422
NARSINGHPUR 940 6 148032 43455 5914 195347
JABALPUR DN. 195322 44955 296327 284337 109201 930153
Sagar 5999 5308 49224 140841 77647 279210
Damoh 12127 1254 26211 26107 38694 104903
Panna 9696 2063 8526 23020 87122 130427

Tikamgarh 20572 19308 20817 133812 48455 101064

Chhatarpur 13520 4231 13512 178472 27998 237733
Sagar divi. 61914 31164 118290 502252 240116 953736
Rewa 18814 611 47649 18412 17567 103053
Sidhi 9362 404 16648 10000 3960 40434
Singaroli 4868 570 993 14793 6913 28137
Satna 4665 902 94467 33052 15007 151093
Division Total 40709 2487 159757 76317 43447 322717
Shahdol 5068 2858 5285 5242 8650 27123
Annupur 639 199 1158 1794 983 4773
Umaria 2339 720 7921 5127 9713 25820
Dindori 974 22 0 205 738 1939
Division Total 9040 3799 14364 12368 20084 59655
Indore 3472 2229 156406 20469 3086 185662
Dhar 20163 16221 142840 84319 47898 311441
Jhabua 8834 10376 2576 15216 16200 53202
Alirajpur 1902 2895 413 12410 8761 26381
Khargone 22140 160 22838 67588 43869 156595
Badwani 6129 0 26355 41597 24619 98700
Khandwa 22741 3083 30117 97518 18940 172399
Burhanpur 565 0 15133 24734 2515 42947
Indore divi. 85946 34964 396678 363851 165888 1047327
Ujjain 8290 6083 187490 67977 31214 301054
Mandsaur 1827 1413 15995 173322 17279 209836
Neemach 10461 1334 22542 66507 6515 107359
Ratlam 4950 3000 81940 68025 21140 179145
Dewas 8260 7030 126583 99803 17220 258896
Shajapur 11431 6744 100487 122333 22296 263291
Ujjain divi. 45219 25694 535037 597967 115664 1319581
Morena 56512 0 47062 90356 909 194839
Sheopur 55564 1750 42666 6053 17070 123103
Bhind 29355 1274 44709 74253 753 150344
Morena divi. 141431 3024 134437 170662 18732 468286
Gwalior 64666 432 55275 7007 4619 131999
Shivpuri 46469 11373 66066 112837 19305 256050

Guna 32393 1470 72532 46399 24949 177743

Ashoknagar 13282 8761 71971 25398 35871 155283
Datia 110747 0 11280 60814 1285 184126
Gwalior divi. 267557 22036 277124 252455 86029 905201
Bhopal 4637 1993 34361 31650 24395 97036
Sehore 59903 24608 71469 98185 49308 303473
Raisen 76387 7653 112243 47678 40393 284354
Vidisha 34674 7052 77137 61996 126691 307550
Rajgarh 4594 9222 56070 201514 20150 291550
Bhopal divi. 180195 50528 351280 441023 260937 1283963
Betul 10520 124 31635 74223 10546 127048
Hoshangabad 142566 920 73043 57249 24273 298051
Harda 95252 206 19781 32070 23846 171155
Hoshangabad divi. 248338 1250 124459 163542 58665 596254
MP State total 1275671 219912 2407753 2864774 1118763 7886873
Source; Agriculture Statistics of Madhya Pradesh 2011-12 Commissioner Land Records & Settlements
2.8.Agriculture
Major Crops &Cropping Pattern
The diverse agro climatic conditions and different soil types make it possible to cultivate a
range of crops indifferent crop group in the state like, cereals, pulses, oilseed and cash crops
Major crops cultivated in Madhya Pradesh are wheat ,rice, maize, and Jowar under cereals;
gram and lentil under pulses and Soybean and mustard under oilseed Introduction of Soybean
in the state in the decade of 1970s and its cultivation in the State has made a mark as the
leading soybean producer in the country
The area, production and productivity of principal crops are furnished in Table 2.17. The
upward trend in area under paddy; 2010-11 it was 15.84 lacks hectare in 2011-12 17.03 Lacks
ha. ,the area under total food grains increased by 2.28 lack hectares in 2011-12 in comparison
to 2010-11, Crop wise declining trend observed in area of Jower & Bajara( marginal) Area
under pulses crop have seen an downward trends as 4.51 lacks hectare in year of 2011-12, we
could see in the table that area under oilseed is increasing in the year of 2011-12 by 1.55 lacks
hectare area in the state.

Table 2.13 Area, Production, Productivity of Principal Crops Madhya Pradesh

Area in 000Ha, Production in 000 metric tonne, yield in kg /ha
2010-11 2011-12
CROPS
AREA PROD. YIELD AREA PROD. YIELD
PADDY(RICE) 1584 1774 1182 1703 2280 1413
JOWAR 429 599 1416 361 547 1541
MAIZE 849 1340 1590 860 1325 1551
BAJRA 202. 387 1916 201 391 1941
KODOKUTKI 248 82 329 247 82 331
OTHER CEREALS 23 9 403 34 12 364
Fv KHARIF CEREALS 3334 4191 1257 3396 4633 1364
WHEAT 4645 8227 2073 5261 14544 2770
BARLEY 77 99 1289 77 129 1672
OTHER CEREALS 5 6 1146 5 6 1261
RABI CEREALS 4727 9331 1975 5342 14679 2748
Summer Maize 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL CEREALS 8060 13522 1678 8738 19312 2210
Coarse cereal( K) 1750 2417 1381 1693 2363 1390
Coarse cereal( R) 82 104 1279 82 134 1647
Total Coarse cereal 1831 2522 1377 1774 2488 1402
TUR 642 206 318 536 338 628
URAD 447 215 385 601 163 271
MOONG 85 31 351 81 20 227
KULTHI 20 7 328 19 5 238
OTHER PULSES 4 1 326 4 1 326
KHARIF PULSES 1309 459 351 1241 527 425
GRAM 2888 2266 785 2630 2846 1083
PEAS 248 67 269 232 82 354
LENTIL 699 202 289 587 216 367
TEORA 53 30 569 53 41 759
OTHER PULSES 0 0 250 0 0 246
RABI PULSES 4 2 449 8 2 345
TOTAL PULSE(R ) 3893 2567 659 3509 3185 908
Urid ( Summer ) 6 2 388 7 2 294
Moong (Summer) 4 1 225 4 1 249
Summer pulses total 9 3 309 11 3 276
Total Pulses 5211 3029 581 4760 3715 780
KHARIF. FOODGRAINS 4642 4650 1002 4637 5160 1113
RABI FOODGRAINS 8620 11898 1380 8851 17864 2018
Summer foodgrains 9 3 309 11 3 276
TOTAL FOODGRAINS 13271 16551 1247 13499 23027 1706
GROUNDNUT 204 305 1494 226 374 1659
SOYBEAN 5552 6777 1222 5786 6497 1124
SESAMUM 361 178 493 329 172 524

NIGER 93 20 218 90 17 181

CASTOR 1 0 395 2 1 287
SUNFLOWER 0 0 438 0 0 509
KH. OILSEEDS 6210 7281 1172 6432 7060 1098
RAPE/MUSTARD 727 819 1128 664 790 1192
LINSEED 95 33 553 91 47 516
SUNFLOWER Rabi 0 0 483 0 0 450
Safflower 0 0 223 0 0 210
RABI OILSEEDS 822 853 1037 755 837 1108
Summer G.nut 0 0 0 01 0
TOTAL OILSEEDS 7032 8134 1157 7187 7897 1099
COTTON (BALES) 593 1018 926 624 1029 976
IN TONNES 599 605
SUGAR CANE (G) 48 197 4069 50 197 3971
TOTAL KHARIF 11446 12530 1095 11693 12826 1097
TOTAL RABI 9490 12947 1364 9656 18898 1957
Summer crops 9 3 309 11 3 276
Grand TOTAL 20945 25480 1216 21359 31727 1485
FFC :- FINAL FORECAST
Source;-Agricultural Statistics Kharif & Rabi crops FW&AG GoMP
District wise area (in thousand hectares), production (in thousand tonnes) and yield (in
kilograms per hectare) for cereals for the year 2011 - 12, 2012 – 13, & 2013 – 14are shown in
the table below:
Table 2.14 District wise, Year wise Area, Prod. And yield under the Cereals (Total) in
Madhya Pradesh
Area in 000Ha, Production in 000 metric tonne, yield in kg /ha
District 2011 – 12,
Area Prod Yield
Jabalpur 191.40 349.40 1825
Katni 184.30 324.20 1759
Balaghat 287.60 377.80 1314
Chhindwara 322.80 894.00 2770
Seoni 273.30 442.20 1618
Mandla 214.00 217.60 1017
Dindori 166.50 133.00 799
Narsinghpur 93.10 205.30 2205
Division Total 1733.00 2943.50 1698
Sagar 210.20 366.40 1743
Damoh 166.40 226.40 1361
Panna 147.90 223.90 1514
Tikamgarh 168.80 414.30 2454
Chattarpur 204.80 449.10 2193

Division Total 898.10 1680.10 1871

Rewa 291.90 458.80 1572
Sidhi 163.60 191.00 1167
Singroli 155.30 136.40 878
Satna 250.90 478.90 1909
Division Total 861.70 1265.10 1468
Shahdol 158.10 255.60 1617
Anupur 138.30 132.20 956
Umaria 92.60 105.30 1139
Division total 389.00 493.30 1268
Indore 117.80 506.60 4385
Dhar 234.00 507.60 2169
Jhabua 114.40 131.90 1153
Khargone 154.20 345.70 2242
Barwani 125.60 345.00 2747
Khandwa 122.70 271.40 2212

Burhanpur 29.30 62.80 2143
Alirajpur 92.92 93.40 1005
Division Total 990.90 2274.40 2295
Ujjain 158.40 409.70 2586
Mandsaur 122.40 408.00 3333
Neemuch 73.70 178.60 2423
Ratlam 147.50 295.70 2005
Dewas 166.00 500.80 3017
Shajapur 166.70 390.30 2341
Aagar 0.00 0.00 0
Division total 834.70 2183.10 2615
Murena 205.10 655.00 3194
Sheopur Kalan 113.50 428.00 3771
Bhind 144.60 396.10 2739
Division Total 463.20 1479.10 3193
Gwalior 158.10 532.60 3369
Shivpuri 240.60 597.50 2483
Guna 130.70 359.90 2754
Ashoknagar 132.40 303.00 2289
Datia 148.60 367.80 2475
Division Total 810.40 2160.80 2666
Bhopal 80.40 212.30 2641
Sehore 248.00 678.40 2735
Raisen 255.10 712.70 2794
Vidisha 248.10 477.20 1923
Rajgarh 207.30 387.00 1870

Division Total 1038.90 2468.20 2376
Hosangabad 278.00 1239.00 4457

Harda 152.20 696.80 4578
Betul 229.60 387.00 1684
Division total 660.00 2322.80 3519
Non Reported 58.20 41.70 716
MP State 8738.10 19312.10 2210
Source : Department of Agriculture, GoMP ( Area in Thousand Hectare, Production in

Thousand Tonnes and Productivity in Kg/Hectare)
Table no 2.15 Area. Production and productivity of Paddy & Wheat ( Major Cereals) in
Madhya Pradesh
Area in 000 ha Production in 000 tonnes productivity in kg per ha
Year Paddy (Rice) Wheat
Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity
2008-09 1716.80 1578.00 969 4009.80 7279.60 1895
2009-10 1603.30 1362.50 896 4471.10 8872.70 2071
2010-11 1583.70 1773.50 1182 4645.20 8227.20 2073
2011-12 1703.40 2279.90 1413 5260.50 14544.40 2770
( Source Agriculture Statistics Govt of MP FW&AD )
Paddy Production;- Balaghat district also tops the list of paddy production in the state. It is
followed by Seoni, Shahdol, Rewa and Mandla. The average productivity of paddy has
increased. In the last five years the productivity of paddy has increased from 969 (2008-09) to
2789 (2013-14(FFC) Kg per ha showing a impressive trend..
Wheat production;-The State has become the third largest wheat producing state in country
.Madhya Pradesh contributes 17.5% of the total wheat produced in the country. Sarbati and
Duram wheat has given an international identity to Madhya Pradesh. Hoshangabad and
Chhindwara are the major cereal producing districts in the state with around 6.5 % share in the
state production. Other key districts with better production of cereals are Morena, Sagar,
Sehore, Dhar, Harda, Raisen and Betul.. Wheat production in the state is concentrated in the
districts of Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Sehore, Harda and Raisen. Hoshangabad is the leading
wheat producing district with 1.18 million tonnes of wheat produced in 2011-12 &1.02 million
tonne in 2012-13.Maximum production of maize is found in Chhindwara district and other key
maize producing districts are Ratlam, Betul, Dhar and Jhabua.
Total foodgrain production in the state has nearly double in the last four years ( 2007-12).
about 11%of the total food grains production came from Madhya Pradesh. With increasing
agricultural production it has become the third largest food grain producer after UP and
Punjab with 7 % share.

Pulses Production:- ;- Madhya Pradesh is the largest pulse producing state in India accounting
for 28.65% of the country’s total pulse production .Among the pulses Gram tuar urid Moong
Masur are major crops. The Tuar (Arhar) area is showing increasing trend from 310.10
thousand ha.(2008-09) to 464.04 thousand ha.(2013-14 FFC)
Table2.16 District wise area , production and yield for Total Pulses(Kharif Rabi) crops for the
year 2011 – 12,is shown in the table below:
District 2011 – 12,
Area Prod Yield
Jabalpur 173.10 127.90 739
Katni 66.10 28.10 739
Balaghat 32.80 21.90 668
Chhindwara 92.70 154.00 1661
Seoni 113.80 61.20 538
Mandla 71.80 22.20 309
Dindori 67.10 13.60 188
Narsinghpur 215.30 210.10 976
Division 832.60 638.00 766
Total
Sagar 287.60 208.40 725
Damoh 220.00 165.80 754
Panna 178.80 119.70 669
Tikamgarh 123.60 42.10 341
Chattarpur 195.20 149.60 766
Division 1005.20 685.60 682
Total
Rewa 149.60 94.90 635
Sidhi 40.00 21.90 447
Singroli 42.90 21.80 508
Satna 159.90 63.50 397
Division 401.30 202.10 504
Total
Shahdol 22.10 7.70 348.
Anupur 33.80 10.70 317
Umaria 28.80 9.20 319
Bivision 84.70 27.60 326
total
Indore 69.30 76.00 1282
Dhar 110.90 99.10 894
Jhabua 27.20 12.30 463
Khargone 35.90 12.70 364
Barwani 25.00 6.70 268
Khandwa 32.30 21.30 659

Burhanpur 8.30 7.30 880

Alirajpur 74.60 25.90 347
Division 373.50 261.60 700
Total
Ujjain 201.50 152.50 757
Mandsaur 55.70 37.10 666
Nemuch 18.50 15.90 859
Ratlam 84.20 53.40 634
Dewas 124.60 134.60 1080
Shajapur 156.70 120.40 768
Aagar 0.00 .00 .00
Division 641.20 513.90 801
total
Murena 22.20 14.10 635
Sheopur 13.30 13.40 1008
Kalan
Bhind 32.30 26.20 611
Division 67.80 53.70 792
Total
Gwalior 22.60 26.00 1150
Shivpuri 81.50 75.80 930
Guna 80.00 91.70 1140
Ashoknagar 211.80 198.60 938
Datia 44.30 34.20 772
Division 440.20 426.30 968
Total
Bhopal 39.80 55.80 1402
Sehore 119.80 129.40 1080
Raisen 192.30 189.50 985
Vidisha 287.20 244.80 852
Rajgarh 124.10 127.50 1027
Division 763.20 747.00 979
Total
Hosangabad 32.10 42.30 1318
Harda 19.00 31.70 1668
Betul 82.60 74.50 902
Division 133.70 148.50 1111
total
Non 17.00 10.00 641
Reported
MP State 4760.40 3715.20 780

Pulses Production
Chhindwara & Vidisha tops the list of pulses production in the state, besides, Narsinghpur,
Sagar and Raisen which also fare well. Ashoknagar, Damoh, Dewas and Ujjain are the other
districts with relatively good production of pulses. In pulses, gram is the major crop grown in
the state. Vidisha, Raisen, Ujjain, Dewas and Sagar are the major gram producing districts in
the state. Moong, Urad, Massor, Gram, Arhar and Kabuli Chana have given a distinct identity
to the state. Madhya Pradesh is also the largest exporter of Dollar Gram. Madhya Pradesh is
the largest pulse producing state in the.
Table 2.17 MP State Area Production & yield of Pulses ( Total)

Year Madhya Pradesh
Area Production Productivity
2007-08 4404 2674 607
2008-09 4637 3711 800
2009-10 4797 4135 862
2010-11 5211 3029 581
2011-12 4760 3715 780
Source : Department of Agriculture, GoMP

Oil seeds Production ;-Soybean. ,Niger, Mustard, Groundnut Sesamum, Linseed are the major
oilseeds crop grown in Madhya Pradesh. District wise area (in thousand hectares), production
(in thousand tonnes) and yield (in kilograms per hectare) for Total Pulses(Kharif Rabi) crops for
the year 2011 – 12, shown in the table below:
.
Table 2.18 District wise Area Production & yield of Oilseed (Total)
District 2011-12
Area Prod Yield
Jabalpur 18.30 12.40 678
Katni 11.50 4.00 348
Balaghat 20.20 15.80 782
Chhindwara 185.00 331.30 1791
Seoni 143.90 134.40 934
Mandla 33.60 20.00 696
Dindori 54.80 20.10 369
Narsinghpur 76.40 124.00 1623
Division 543.30 662.00 1218
Total
Sagar 323.10 320.20 991
Damoh 55.10 69.20 1256
Panna 49.80 33.20 667
Tikamgarh 117.70 84.70 720
Chattarpur 169.90 66.80 393

Division 715.60 574.10 802

Total
Rewa 54.10 24.30 449
Sidhi 18.40 11.20 609
Singroli 26.90 14.30 532
Satna 64.90 30.90 476
Division 164.30 80.70 491
Total
Shahdol 18.40 6.90 375
Anupur 18.10 7.00 387
Umaria 26.10 8.20 314
Division total 62.60 22.10 353
Indore 226.80 263.50 1162
Dhar 281.30 367.20 1305
Jhabua 56.20 41.40 737
Khargone 50.20 35.50 707
Barwani 46.60 26.20 562
Khandwa 174.20 97.80 561
Burhanpur 16.10 9.30 578
Alirajpur 26.50 23.30 879
Division 877.90 864.20 984
Total
Ujjain 458.90 635.50 1385
Mandsaur 306.60 417.50 1362
Nemuch 144.30 126.80 879
Ratlam 223.60 284.40 1285
Dewas 325.20 421.10 1295
Shajapur 363.70 403.80 1110
Aagar 0.00 0.00 0
Division total 1822.30 2292.10 1258
Murena 138.90 234.20 1686
Sheopur 103.90 111.40 1072
Kalan
Bhind 182.40 207.60 1138
Division 425.20 553.20 1301
Total
Gwalior 74.50 88.9 1193
Shivpuri 323.30 403.30 1247
Guna 217.60 303.70 1396
Ashoknagar 113.40 133.80 1180
Datia 56.50 44.90 795
Division 785.30 974.60 1241
Total
Bhopal 108.30 129.60 1197
Sehore 290.70 359.20 1236

Raisen 176.00 128.20 728

Vidisha 243.50 292.20 1200
Rajgarh 318.50 273.70 859
Division 1137.00 1182.90 1040
Total
Hosangabad 221.20 141.90 642
Harda 180.50 258.70 1433
Betul 232.70 275.90 1186
Division total 634.40 676.50 1066
Non 19.50 14.80 759
Reported
MP State 7187.40 7897.20 1099
Source Agriculture Statistics Kharif & Rabi crops District wise Area Production& yield
FW&AD GoMP
Oilseeds Production {Kharif);- Among the main Kharif oilseed crops grown in MP soybean is
main year wise details as follows
Table 2.19 Soybean Area Production & Productivity 2009-10 to 2011-12
Year Soybean
Area Production Yield
2009-10 5453.70 6427.90 1180
2010-11 5552.20 6776.80 1222
2011-12 5786.30 6497.10 1124
Source Agriculture Statistics Kharif & Rabi crops District wise Area Production& yield FW&AD
GoMP
District wise Oilseed production of Soybean is highest in Ujjain and Sehore districts, while
other districts are Shajapur, Dhar and Dewas. Soyabean is the key constituent of the oilseed
group. Ujjain tops the list of soybean production in the state. Other soybean producing
soybean producing districts in the state are Sehore, Dewas, Dhar and Shajapur.
Oilseeds Production (Rabi);- In Rabi season the major oilseed crops are mustard and linseed
grown in Madhya Pradesh. In oilseed production Mustard crop of Madhya Pradesh is also
having good place on all India basis
Table no;-2.20 Mustard Area (thousand ha,) Production (in 000 Tonnes) and yield in
kg/hectare Madhya Pradesh
Year Mustard
Area Production Yield
2009-10 769.90 805.20 1047
2010-11 726.90 819.00 1128
2011-12 663.60 790.00 1192
Source Deptt of Agri GoMP

Rape seed & Mustard are grown in areas of Morena, Bhind,Sheopurkalan disticts whre as it is
also grown with good yield in tribal areas of Seoni Mandla Dindori District Other Crops
Sugrcane:- The highest sugarcane production is found in Narsinghpur district followed by
Chhindwara.
Cotton:- Cotton is cultivated in Nimar Plains agro-climatic zones of the Madhya Pradesh This
zone contributes nearly total cotton area & total production of MP having productivity
average of 531 kg lint per ha which is slightly lower than National average (552 kg lint per
ha)(2013-14)
West Nimar is the highest cotton producing district with a share of 34.8% in the cotton area of
state. Other important districts as far as cotton production is concerned are Chhindwara and
Dhar.
Area production and yields of all types of crops,;- District wise, division wise, year wise, area
production and yields of all types of crops, taken together is indicated in the table below for
the years 2011 - 12,.
Table 2.21 (e) District wise, Year wise Area, Prod. And yield under all crops in Madhya
Pradesh
{DISTRICTWISE AREA, PRODUCTION & YIELD OF FOOD GRAINS TOTAL
2011-2012
DISTRICT AREA PROD. YIELD
JABALPUR 364.50 477.30 1309
KATNI 250.40 352.30 1407
BALAGHAT 320.40 399.70 1248
CHHINDWARA 415.50 1048.00 2522
SEONI 387.10 503.40 1300
MANDLA 285.80 239.80 839
DINDORI 233.50 145.60 624
NARSINGHPUR 308.40 415.40 1347
DIVISON TOTAL 2565.60 3581.50 1396
SAGAR 497.80 574.80 1155
DAMOH 386.40 392.20 1015
PANNA 326.70 343.60 1052
TIKAMGARH 292.40 456.40 1561
CHHATARPUR 400.00 598.70 1497
DIVISION TOTAL 1903.30 2365.70 1243
REWA 441.40 553.70 1254
SIDHI 212.60 212.90 1001
SINGROLI 158.20 158.20 798
SATNA 410.80 542.40 1320
DIVISION TOTAL 1263.00 1467.20 1162
SHAHDOL 180.20 263.30 1461
ANUPPUR 172.10 142.90 830

UMARIA 121.40 114.70 945

DIVISION TOTAL 473.70 520.90 1100
INDORE 177.10 592.60 3346
DHAR 344.90 606.70 1759
JHABUA 141.60 144.50 1020
KHARGONE 190.10 358.40 1885
BARWANI 150.60 351.70 2335
KHANDWA 155.00 292.70 1888
BURHANPUR 37.60 70.10 1864
ALIRAJPUR 167.50 119.30 712
DIVISION TOTAL 1364.40 2536.00 1859
UJJAIN 359.90 562.20 1562
MANDSAUR 178.10 445.10 2499
NEEMUCH 92.20 194.50 2110
RATLAM 231.70 349.10 1507
DEWAS 290.60 635.40 2187
SHAJAPUR 323.40 510.70 1579
AAGAR 0.00 0.00 0
DIVISION TOTAL 1475.90 2697.00 1827
MORENA 227.30 669.10 2944
SHEOPUR KALAN 126.80 441.40 3481
BHIND 176.90 422.30 2387
DIVISION TOTAL 531.00 1532.80 2887
GWALIOR 180.70 558.60 3091
SHIVPURI 322.10 673.30 2090
GUNA 210.70 451.60 2143
ASHOKNAGAR 344.20 501.60 1457
DATIA 192.90 402.00 2084
DIVISION TOTAL 1250.60 2587.10 2069
BHOPAL 120.20 268.10 2230
SEHORE 367.80 807.80 2196
RAISEN 447.40 902.20 2017
VIDISHA 535.30 722.00 1349
RAJGARH 331.40 515.10 1554
DIVISION TOTAL 1802.10 3215.20 1784
HOSHANGABAD 310.10 1281.30 4132
HARDA 171.20 728.50 4255
BETUL 312.40 461.50 1477
DIVISON TOTAL 793.70 2471.30 3114
NON-REPORTED 75.20 52.60 699
M.P. STATE 13498.50 23027.30 1706

Nationally, Madhya Pradesh is the highest producer of pulses and oilseeds with around 30 %
share. The state is also a major producer of linseed, mustard, sunflower, safflower and niger.
The crops with high production during past ten years are wheat, Arhar(tur), gram, soybean and
mustard. Productivity of major crops in the state has also improved remarkably over the
period 2001-02 to 2011-12. The productivity of rice, wheat, soybean, groundnut, mustard and
cotton are showing impressive trends over the years. Average productivity of crops has
increased. In the last eight years, The productivity of food grains (Total) has increased from
1064 kg per hectare(2007-2008) to 1706 kg/ha in 2011-12 and 1689 kg/ha in 2013-14(FFC)
2.9. Horticulture
Horticulture would provide additional employment opportunities and additional income to the
farm families. The State is endowed with agro-climatic conditions conducive for growing a
wide range of horticulture crops such as fruits, vegetables, spices crops, and flowers, medicinal
and aromatic plants. The area and yield of major horticultural crops remained stagnant during
the periods 2001-2002 to 2007-2008. But from 2007-08, when awareness about both crops
and eating habits of the people changed, this sector has been witnessing an upward trend,
from 402851 ha in area in 2001 -2002 to 1425142 ha. in 2012 – 13; similarly the production
grew from 34.64 lakh tonnes(2001-2002) to 227.08 lakh tonnes in the same period (2012 – 13).
The production of vegetables registered an increase from 184950 of 2004-05to 502525.tonns
in the year2011-12 similarly, the production of spices increased from 265811(2004-05) to
2808108 tonnes in the year 2011-12, and flower production from 0.01 lakh tonne in the year
of 2004-05 to 1.51 lakh tonne in year 2011-12. The production is having positive trend.
The details of area and production of core groups in horticultural crops are furnished in Table
2.19.
Table 2.22 Area of Production of Horticultural Crops in Madhya Pradesh
Area in 000 Hac., Production in Qtls.
YEAR FRUITS VEGETABLES SPICES FLOWERS MEDICINAL GRAND TOTAL
AND
AROMATIC
AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD.
2009-10(D) 112380 2864000 248380 3242000 319350 418910 6590 5000 29085 174000 715785 6703910
2010-11(D) 132380 3373434 283680 3698640 365850 482176 7660 6000 33585 201510 823155 7761760
2011-12 (D) 164945 3762009 502525 11644137 468359 2808108 15613 150649 43596 105039 1195038 18469942
Source:_ Department of Horticulture GoMP (D)

The main fruits grown in Madhya Pradesh are mango, guava, banana, citrus fruits and melons.
The production of mango and guava is high and these fruits also have a large processing
potential for the tinned and pulp products
Mango has been traditionally grown in Madhya Pradesh, in both forests and in individual
farms.
The area (in hectare), production (in Tonnes) and productivity (in Tonnes per hectare) for fruit
crops; are indicated in the table below:

Table 2.23 Area, Production & Productivity of Fruit Crops In Madhya Pradesh
. Year 2011-12
YEAR 2011-12
CROP Area Production Productivity
MANGO 18332 1.75 9.55

GUVAVA;’ 16450 2.55 15.50
BANANA 24783 13.79 55.64
ORANGE 44197 6.48 14.66
LIME 9546 1.30 13.62
SWEET LIME 1435 0.17 11.85
GRAPES 61 0.002 3.28
PAPAYA 10186 2.74 26.90
OTHER FRUITS 38874 7.25 18.65
TOTAL FRUITS 163864 36.032 21.99
Vegetables
POTATO 87975 18.17 20.64
ONION 89955 21.77 24.20
TOMATO 55311 13.50 24.41
BRINJAL 30747 5.33 17.34
CABBAGE 19033 3.76 19.76
CAULIFLOWER 30434 4.77 15.67
OKRA 23582 3.10 13.14
PEAS 47302 4.52 9.56
SWEET POTATO 2180 0.24 11.01
OTHER VEGETABLE 117880 25.75 21.84
TOTAL VEGETABLE 504409 100.91 20.01
SPICS
GINGER 14399 2.66 18.47
RED CHILLIS 116479 2.69 2.31
GREEN CHILLIES 3.68 3.16
TURMERIC 4371 0.92 21.05
GARLIC 94945 11.50 12.11
CORINDER 184527 4.89 2.65
OTHER SPICES 53983 2.57 4.76
TOTAL SPICES 468704 28.91 6.17
FLOWER 15613 1.51 9.67
MEDICINAL& 43594 1.05 2.41
AROMATIC PLANTS
GRAND TOTAL 1196184 168.41 14.08
Detail observations indicates that the districts that are contributing to cultivation of
horticulture crops in the state, shows that it is the Malwa region where horticulture has

flourished to a great extent and the seven districts, namely, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Guna, Rajgarh,
Shajapur, Jabalpur and Chhindwara have comparatively higher share of area as a proportion to
the state level area under horticulture crops . The other nine districts with comparatively fair
share of area under horticulture crops include, Neemuch, Ujjain, Dhar, Indore, Barwani, West
Nimar, East Nimar, Sagar and Chhatarpur. Further the growth in Horticulture sector noticed in
Area expansion of crops like Mango crop area increase from 7098 ha (Maximum during 2002-
07) to 18332 ha in the year 2011-12 Orange crop area increase from 16235 ha (Maximum
during 2002-07) to 44197 ha in the year 2011-12 Banana, area increase from 7588 ha (2006-
07) to 24783 ha in the year 2011-12 Increase in Productivity.
The productivity of the Mango crops remain stagnant 9.00 tonne per ha. during 2002-07and
increase to 9.55 tonne per ha during the period 2011-12
The productivity of the Guava crops remain stagnant 20 tonne per ha. during 2002-07and
increase to 15.50 tonne per ha during the period 2011-12
The productivity of the lime crops remain stagnant 16 tonne per ha. during 2002-07and further
decrease to 13.62 tonne per ha during the period 2012-13.
The productivity of the Banana crops remains stagnant 40 to 64.36. tonne per ha. during 2002-
07and increase to 55.64 tonne per ha during the period 2012-13.
The productivity of the Papaya crops remains stagnant 27 to 49. tonne per ha. during 2002-
07and it has marginal increase to 26.90 tonne per ha during the period 2011-12.
Vegetable;
Among vegetables, potato, onion, tomato and green peas are the major crops in terms of area.
Vegetable cultivation is one of the fast growing activities in the state due to higher demand in
urban and semi-urban areas and also due to diversity in number of crops. Some of the
vegetable crops have distinct identity i.e. potato produced in the Malwa region has gained a
good reputation for production of potato chips.
Spices;-
The major spices grown in Madhya Pradesh are Chillies, Coriander, Turmeric, Ginger, and
Garlic. In almost all the spices there is an upward trend in production, and productivity.
Horticulture Training Centers in M.P. Horticulture Training Centers in M.P. : The department is
running four training centres, at, Pachmari, Rehli (Sagar district), Govindgarh (Rewa district)
and Indore. While the centre at Pachmari is for training officers, the other three centres are for
training gardners.
1 PACHMARHI - OFFICERS TRAINING

2 REHLI (SAGAR) MALI TRAINING
3 GOVINDGARH (REWA) - MALI TRAINING
4 INDORE - MALI TRAINING

Horticulture Nurseries in M.P. Horticulture Nurseries in Madhya Pradesh: To promote and
encourage horticultural crop growth in the state, the department is running 307 nurseries and
farms; that includes; 253 nurseries; 45 station gardens and 9 vegetable seed farms.
1 NURSERIES 253
2 STATION GARDEN 45
3 VEGETABLE SEED FARM 9
TOTAL NURSERIES & FARMS 307
Food Preservation Training Centres A Food Preservation Training Centre is also being run at
Indore, where food processing trainings for making Jam, Jelly and pickles etc. are imparted.
The centre also provide class/campus trainings, which is need based
2.10. Agricultural Engineering
The mechanization ensures reduction of drudgery associated with various farm operations as
also to economize the utilization of inputs and thereby harnessing the potential of available
resources. The priorities for mechanization are decided aASDs per the actual requirement of
various agro-climatic zones and involve land preparation equipment and crop production
techniques for cereal crops, cash crops, oil seeds, pulses, horticultural crops, etc.
The constraints in the promotion of mechanization include the varied requirement of
equipments for each agro-climate zone, the small and fragmented land holding, low
investment capacity of the farmers, inadequate irrigation facilities, know how status of the
farmers, repairs and maintenance facilities, etc.
However, there has been an upwards trend in adapting to various mechanized devices in
agriculture, as is evident from the table below. The uses of tractors have increased from
186404 to 284532, i.e. almost doubled. Similarly erratic supply and shortage of electricity has
proved to be a boon for the increased use of diesel pumps, again increasing from 194662 in
1999 – 2000 to 15,50,000 in 2013 -14. In case of sugarcane crushing farmers are shifting from
bullock driven to power driven crushers. It is only the ploughs, where people still prefer
wooden ploughs and iron ploughs are not encouraged.
Table 2.24 : Use of Mechanized devices for agricultural practises
2011-12
YEAR PUMPS TRACTORS SUGARCANE PLOUGHS
CRUSHERS
ELECTRIC DIESEL POWER BULLOCK WOODEN IRON

DRIVEN DRIVEN ( ' 000 ) ( ' 000)
(Number) (number) (OOO) (ooo)
2011-12 1698110 372478 337102 1126.2 11.1 2850 693
Source;-Agricultural Statistics of Madhya Pradesh 2011-12 Commissioner Land Record &
Settlement MP.

2.11. Animal Husbandry and Dairy
The Animal Husbandry and Dairy sectors play a significant role in supplementing family
incomes and generating gainful employment in the rural sector, particularly among the
landless labourers, small and marginal farmers and women, besides providing cheap
nutritional food to millions of people. Livestock are the best insurance against the vagaries of
nature like drought, famine and other natural calamities. Animal Husbandry activities
contribute significantly to GSDP and have tremendous scope for further expansion to serve as
sustainable source of income for rural population.
Under the Animal Husbandry sector the infrastructure is developed as follows
Table2.25 Institutions for Veterinary Health Services in Madhya Pradesh
Sr no Name of Institution Number

1 State Level Veterinary Hospital 1
2 Veterinary Hospitals 795
3 Animal Dispensary 1666
4 Chal (Mobil ) veterinary units 38
5 Chal Virujalaya 27
6 Disease investigating Laboratoris 22
7 Foot & Mouth Disease Iinvestigating units 1
8 Animal Heath &Jaivik utapad Sansthan 1
9 Semen Sansthan 1
10 Up sanchalak Matha Mahamari ( State Level) 1
11 Pasu Janch Chaoki 19
12 Anugami Units 10
13 Vigilance units 7
14 Saghan Tikakaran ekai (Intensive tikakarn Units) 7
15 Rog Shaman Dal (Disease investigation Units) 2
16 Animal Quarantine Station 1
17 Frozen Bull Semen Station 1
18 Frozen Semen Bank 5
19 Mukhya Gram Yojona 38
20 Mukhya Gram Ekai (Units) 380
21 NIyantrit Pasu Prajanan Karyakram (Regulated Animal Breeding Programme) 4
22 NIyantrit Pasu Prajanan upkendra (Regulated Animal Breeding sub units) 125
23 Artificial Insemination centre State pattern 16
24 State Pattern Kritim Raten Kendra 141
25 Gahan Pasu Vikas Pariyojona (Intensive Animal Development Projects) 17
26 Gahan Pasu Vikas Kritim garbhadan Kendra (Intensive animal insemination 60
Centre
27 Gahan Pasu Vikas Kritim garbhadan Up KendraI(Intensive animal insemination 904
Sub)Centre
28 Kritim Garbhadhan Prasiksan Kendra (Artificial Insemination Training Centre 2
29 Assistant Veterinary Services officers Training Sansthan 1
30 Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University 1
31 Veterinary Science College 3
32 Veterinary Science Correspondence college 5

Cattle is the most important economic asset in the rural agrarian sector of the state where
76% people live in villages and majority of them are involved in livestock activities either as
producers or as hired labourers. For upliftment of socio-economic status of the tribal and the
weaker sections of the society, including small and marginal farmers, animal husbandry has
played a significant role. Most of the rural poor and landless population is engaged in non-crop
farming activities. Livestock rearing has helped the rural people through remunerative self-
employment. The livestock rearing provides gainful employment through subsidiary
occupations at the locality itself and makes better utilization of essentially utilizable family
labour comprising older people, women and children.
Activities allied to agriculture viz., Animal Husbandry & Dairy, Fisheries and Poultry provide
supplementary occupation to the people besides contributing to Gross State Domestic
Product. The dependence on the agricultural sector for supporting livelihood is well known
while the allied sectors offer scope for absorbing surplus labour from the agriculture sector.
Cattle Population:-With a cattle and buffalo population of 199 lakhs and105 lakhs as per the
live stock census 2007 the state accounts for 11% of cattle and 8.67% of buffalo population of
the country.
Table 2.28 Number of live stock in Madhya Pradesh

Year 2011-12
th
As per 18 Live stock As per 18th Live Compression of
Census 2007 stock Census 2007 Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh India with India in
Percentage
1 Cows & bullocks 2.19,15,438 19,90,75,005 11.01
2 Buffaloes 91,29,152 10,53,42,644 8.67
3 sheep’s 3,89,863 7,15,58,232 0.54
4 Goats 90,13,587 14,05,37,405 6.41
5 Horses & Ponies 27,191 6.11,386 4.45
6 Mules 2,617 1,37,123 1.91
7 Donkeys 20,199 4,37,937 4.61
8 Mithun 0 264309 NA
9 yok 0 83,169 NA
10 Camels 4,456 5,16,828 0.86
11 Pigs 1,92,941, 1,11,33,566 1.73
12 Total 4,06,95,544 52,96,97,604 7.68
Source;-As per 18th Livestock Cencus.2007 Appendix 1
This huge population of animals can change the economy of state by increasing their
productivity and performance, it can provide us the sufficient quantity of milk and meat,
however there are potential to use of bullock quantum in the agriculture for reducing the
labour cost as well as by product of animals as dung can provide us the organic manure and
power for farm and domestic purpose by proper utilization of by product.

Dairy Development;-Madhya Pradesh is the sixth largest producer of milk in the country. Milk
production in the state has increased steadily over a ten year period from 657lakh tons
during2007-2008 to 881.9 lakh tonnes during 2011-12. It grew at an average of 4%per annum
.during 2008.09 to 2010-11 and thereafter at 8.5 per annum during 2011-2012 as against 4%
to 5% registered for the country as whole.
The Madhya Pradesh recorded a growth rate of 6.1% in Milk production during 2008-09 to
6.7% during 2012-13 which was highest in the country (India’s growth rate was 3.5%)
surpassing Maharashtra in terms of total milk production.
Per capita milk availability in MP has also increased from 264 gm in 2007-08 to 282 gm in2011-
12 compare to 295 gm/day for the country and recommendation of ICMR is 280 gm/day. Thus
there is adequate scope for increasing the productivity of local animals through upgrading
using proven fires (Male)
Poultry;- Egg production marginally decreased from 9747 lakhs(number) in 2007-08 to 7981
lakhs in 2011-12. Meat production on the other hand has gone up close to two times from 20.6
thousand tonnes in 2007-08 to 39.7 thousand tonnes in 2011-12.
Table2.29 ;-District wise production of milk, egg & meat Production Year 2011-12
Sr no District Milk production Egg production Meat Production Wool
(000 M.Tonns) (In Lakh) (000 M.Tonns) Production
1 Jabalpur 311.2 2364.6 7.0 4.0
2 Katni
3 Bhalaghat 97.4 125.4 0.6 0.0
4 Chhindwara 135.0 278.3 0.6 0.6
5 Seoni 96.0 77.6 0.3 0.2
6 Mandla 92.3 121.6 0.5 0.7
7 Dindori
8 Narsinghpur 97.5 10.9 0.2 0.3
9 Sagar 230.2 159.2 0.6 0.5
10 Damoh 134.0 46.4 0.2 5.1
11 Panna 126.8 17.5 0.2 5.8
12 Tikamgarh 218.3 46.2 0.3 64.4
13 Chattarpur 210.8 31.6 0.3 23.7
14 Rewa 270.1 19.2 0.1 14.7
15 Sidhi 220.7 145.4 0.6 18.4
16 Singroli
17 Satna 239.4 31.0 0.2 15.4
18 Shahdol 163.3 109.2 0.3 8.8
19 Anuppur
20 Unaria
21 Indore 302.7 689.9 4.4 0.6
22 Dhar 302.7 689.9 4.4 0.6
23 Jhabua 135.7 346.1 0.8 10.0
24 Alirajpur
25 Khargone 279.2 433.3 1.2 8.0
26 Badwani
27 Khandwa 147.3 68.3 0.9 18.2
28 Burhanpur
29 Ujjain 375.4 48.2 0.7 4.9
30 Mandsaur 359.5 34.0 0.4 26.7
31 Neemuch

32 Ratlam 163.4 47.6 0.9 5.5

33 Dewas 252.8 83.0 2.6 0.0
34 Shajapur 243.8 247.3 0.9 0.8
35 Gwalior 243.2 47.2 0.3 30.5
36 Murena 567.2 23.6 0.4 26.3
37 Sheopur
38 Bhind 250.6 7.2 0.2 13.8
39 Shivpuri 295.7 46.7 0.3 76.7
40 Guna 267.3 37.8 0.3 4.1
41 Ashok Nagar
42 Datia 139.4 7.2 0.2 13.1
43 Bhopal 140.0 1501.6 7.3 0.3
44 Sehore 232.5 48.2 1.1 1.4
45 Raisen 144.2 58.6 0.6 0.3
46 Vidisha 185.3 21.0 1.5 3.4
47 Betul 139.2 113.4 0.6 3.4
48 Rajgarh 227.7 218.3 1.3 2.3
49 Hosangabad 186.1 52.1 0.2 0.3
50 Harda
Madhya Pradesh Total 8149.4 7981.0 39.7 413.1
2.12 Fisheries:-Geographically, land locked situation of Madhya Pradesh favours inland fish
production in the state. Major fish producing districts are located in the eastern part of the
state except Dhar. Districts with top fish production are Dhar, Balaghat, Shahdol, Rewa and
Seoni. The other districts in the state where fish production is one of the key livelihood
activities are Mandsaur, Indore, Satna, Katni, Tikamgarh, Anuppur, Jabalpur, Mandla,
Chhattarpur and Umaria.
Fish production:-There is 4.01 lakh ha of water area available in the state in the form of ponds
and tanks, out of which 3.92 lakh ha (98%) area has been brought under fisheries activities.
There are as many as 172 fish species found in Madhya Pradesh. Fish production in the state
has increased in the past few years from 47457 tonnes in 2001-02 to 85235 tonnes in 2012-
13and further rose to 96257 tonnes in2013-14 . Fish production supplements the earnings of
poor families in the state besides providing them with food and nutritional support.
Fish Seed Davelopment;-The fish seed production is also being developed in the state
concerned, and efforts are being launched for developing them both in government and
private sector. Fish seed farms are also increasing its production and conservation by using
seasonal rural ponds and bore pits at both sides of the main irrigation canals. The activity of
promotion of Fisheries Co-operatives in Madhya Pradesh is also undertaken.
Fisheries Cooperative:-In Madhya Pradesh there are total 2067 fisherman including 46 women
fishermen Cooperative societies formed till 2013-14with membership of 77811 fishermen and
1251 fisher women.
2.12 Agriculture Marketing
The entire thrust and efficiency of Agriculture sector is dependent on marketing support so
that the farmer’s risk is minimized besides getting assured and fair returns. An efficient
marketing system holds the key to the success of diversification of agricultural production.
Market intelligence has a vital role to play.

A Well organised Marketing network of regulated market, wholesale markets (Krishi Upaj
Mandi) and Sub Mandi is established where farmers are marketing their product .There are
517 regulated markets in Madhya Pradesh serving the purpose of agriculture marketing. Out
of which 251 main wholesale markets having elaborate infrastructure also known as Krishi
Upaj Mandi and remaining 286 having lower level of infrastructure known as Sub Mandi . In
addition to these there are 1321 haat bazars in the rural areas where farmers and other
people congregate periodically to sell their marketable surpluses from farm and buy essential
requirements. Besides, around 126 mandis have been notified for marketing of horticultural
produce in Madhya Pradesh. The corporate and private sector are also operating their market
channel on regulated basic.
The Agriculture Export zones (AEZ) for export of wheat, potato, onion. Garlic, seed spices,
pulses and for horticulture crop orange are activated with MP state Agro Industries
Development Corporation . Similarly Food Parks have also coming up in Boregaon,
Jaggakhedi, Nimrani, Malanpur, Maneri and Piparia for which about 422 acre land has been
allotted in each district and special packages have been announced for industrialization
Agricultural commodities, viz., cereals, oilseeds, pulses, cotton, turmeric etc. were notified.
The prices of crop year wise detail are furnished in Table 2.12
Table 2.30. Farm Harvest Prices (Weighted Average) Of Principal Crops in Madhya Pradesh
(Rs. in \qts)
S. NAME OF CROP 2011-12
NO.
1 Paddy
SUPERIOR 2735.94
MEDIUM 2051.80
INFERIOR 1858.64
2
KHARIF 297.91 454.12 407.25
RABI 302.65 568.59 438.70
3 BAJRA 345.43 397.24 387.23
4 MAIZE 253.18 383.52 302.97
5 KODON- 312.96 394.30 347.26
KUTKI
6
EARLY 983.60 1257.06 1433.52
LATE 907.26 1293.66 1612.27
7 WHEAT 419.38 422.29 462.47
(MEDIUM)
8 GRAM 951.39 830.05 881.02
9 BARLEY 337.54 376.63 341.72
10 GROUNDNUT 987.17 1209.33 1310.61
11 SESAMUM 1353.74 1752.98 2031.56
12 LINSEED 1008.57 1132.40 1298.79
13 RAPE & 1016.26 1195.44 1070.59
MUSTARD
14 COTTON 1402.23 2213.43 1893.85

Storage ;- The storage of agriculture commodities conducted as and when in state sector
mainly by the Madhya Pradesh Warehousing and Logistic Corporation which has presently, 281
branches in the state. The Madhya Pradesh Warehousing and Logistic Corporation has
achieved the total storage capacity of 58.58 lakh MT. It is also commendable that the
occupancy levels against the 30 total capacity achieved with maximum efficiency at 94%.
Madhya Pradesh Warehousing and Logistic Corporation is appointed as a nodal agency for
wheat procurement as per the procurement policy of the state government.
Agriculture Research and Extension;- Agriculture research is expected to coordinate location
specific, strategic and anticipatory research focused on increasing the productivity, profitability
and sustainability of agricultural and allied sectors under the area and jurisdiction of the State.
The JNKVV and RVSKVV these two state Agricultural universities also undertake
administration, planning, budgeting, coordination, evaluation, monitoring and publication of
research outputs of need based production oriented agricultural research with maintenance
breeding of crop varieties, breeder seed, production and quality production of planting
materials.
2.13. Agricultural Inputs
Among the improved agricultural technologies, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides are the most
important ones. The improved seeds have more genetic vigour for high yield potential and the
fertilizers and the balanced nutrient management trigger the potentials for increasing the yield
levels. Therefore, the timely and adequate availability of these inputs, that too at affordable
prices to farmers, are the essentials to keep agriculture growing. The details of agricultural
inputs supplied to the farmers in the State over a period of five years from 2001-02 to 2005-06
are briefly discussed in this section.
i) Seeds :-Seed is important for higher productivity of crop and its demand and
distribution is increasing year by year-
Table 2.31 The quantities of seeds distributed over five years period from 2007-08 to
2011-12
Year Distribution of quality seed (in lakh tonnes)
2007-2008 11.57
2008-2009 14.67
2009-2010 18.37
2010-2011 23.56
2011-2012 30.09
Source ;-Department of Agriculture GoMP
It could be discerned from the table that seeds distribution for both kharif and rabi crops have
nearly tripled from 1157 thousand quintals (2007-2008) to 3009 thousand quintals (2011-12)
Madhya Pradesh has also become the top Certified Seed Producing State in the country, both
in Private and Cooperative sector. In this context intervention was established to attain self-
sufficiency through Co-operative Seed Production Programme. Seed production under
cooperative sector was started to increase the seed replacement rate in the state. State
cooperative seed societies were created in 2002 and in the year 2004, the Apex Maha sangh
for seed was constituted. The state has 2313 seed producing registered co-operatives. The
cooperative network has speeded up the seed production programme and the seed

replacement rate has also gone up. Today Madhya Pradesh has become the largest certified
seed producer in the country with total certified seed production of 43.95 lakh quintal in 2013.
Fig 1.5: Certified Seed production in States
(Seed Replacement Rate:- To increase the productivity of crops, another factor that plays an
important role is SRR (Seed Replacement Rate). Indicated below in the table 2.13 (b) are the
seed replacement rates for various types of crops. In cases such as Cotton the replacement
rate is 100 percent (owing to replacement of cotton seed with BT cotton. The other crop
where replacement rate was high is Bajra, where it is 51 percent. Seed Replacement rates for
most the main crops as Paddy, dwarf wheat, Gram Soyban varies almost around 10 to 31
percent only during 2011-12.
Table 2.32 Seed Replacement by Crops - Percentage to Total Cropped Area
Seed Replacement Rate ( in percentage)
Sr Crop Year 2011-12
1 Paddy 16.85
2 Soybean 31.21
3 Dwarf Wheat 30.24
4 Gram 9.97
Source Presentation;NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR RABI CAMPAIGN 2012-13 by
Go MP
The above table indicates the need for increasing seed production Programme particularly in
State seed farms and in Seed Cooperative Societies. Moreover, in the recent years, the
farmers buying behaviour with reference to seeds have changed towards the use of more and
more quality /certified seeds from the seed Market. This trend again reinforces the need for
production and distribution of more quality seeds each year through organised sector of
cooperative, Seed Corporation & rivate seed producers.
ii) Fertilizers:- Crops respond significantly to fertilizers on most of the soil types. There has
also been a shift in the consumption of fertilizers over the years, as given in the
following table. This is mainly due to a shift in cropping pattern from food grains to
oilseeds, cash crops and cultivation of horticulture crops and also growth in
irrigation facilities in the state.
Table 2.33 – Fertilizer consumption in Madhya Pradesh (kg /Ha)
YEAR Fertilizer consumption in Madhya Pradesh
2007-08 63.44
2008 -09 70.71
2009-10 77.21
2010-11 89.19
2011-12 88.28
Source; Department of Agriculture GoMP
Kg. per ha. Fertilizer consumption;-The per hectare use of fertilizer consumption in the state
has steadily increased from 63.44 kg per ha in 2007-08 to 88.28 kg per ha in 2011-12.
Sustained efforts are being made to further increase the area under irrigation, which is a pre-
requisite for fertilizer consumption and providing timely supply of all chemical fertilizers at the
primary agricultural cooperative level. ( Source :Fertilizer Statistics of India and Compendium
of Agriculture Statistics)

Farmers training for fertilizer application;- The farmers have to be educated and trained in
the application of proper proportions of NPK in the crop fields. Introduction of bio-fertilizers is
yet another recent land mark that adds to the increased crop productivity with the least cost.
However, it is yet to gain momentum among farmers and hence a special thrust in the plan
may be given for popularizing bio-fertilizers among the farmers of Madhya Pradesh. The
Integrated Fertilizer Management (IFM) through the use of judicious mix of organic manure,
bio-fertilizers, green manures and chemical fertilizers require urgent attention for minimizing
the adverse environmental effects in the long run. Similarly, the effective implementation of
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) should be there to internalise the pesticides externalities
at the farm level.
iii) Pesticides
. Table2.34;-The particulars on pesticides consumption in the State over a period of 5 years

From 2007-2008 to 2011-12.
Pesticide Consumption (Technical Grade in MT)
S. No. Year Target Achievement
1 2007-2008 729 696
2 2008-2009 731 663
3 2009-2010 729 645
4 2010-2011 723 633
5 2011-2012
Perusal of the details in the above table, clearly exhibits the fact that the utilization of
pesticides was around 2606 metric tonnes in 1990-91 and it started declining thereafter
drastically reaching 633 tonnes of technical grade in 2010-11. The drastic reduction in the
pesticides use was primarily due to the advocacy of the concept of Economic Threshold Level
(ETL) and the concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as well. The introduction of bio
pesticides also reduced the chemical uses. Thus, the need-based plant protection measures
are becoming popular among the farmers in the State, so as to reduce the cost of production
of the crops and the unnecessary environmental pollution with chemicals. However, to make
the concepts of ETL and IPM more popular among all categories of farmers, effective extension
education with field demonstrations are the need of the hour, on which the planned activities
have to be focused in the future. Use of bio-pesticides on the other hand, is gradually
increasing and organizations like NABARD, etc. are not only advocating but slowly encouraging
and introducing use of Bio pesticides in their WADI like programmes.
iv) Agriculture Markets and Storage There are 517 regulated markets in Madhya Pradesh
serving the purpose of agriculture marketing. Out of which 251 main wholesale
markets having elaborate infrastructure also known as Krishi Upaj Mandi and
remaining 28 286 having lower level of infrastructure known as Sub Mandi . In
addition to these there are 1321 haat bazars in the rural areas where farmers and
other peple congregate periodically to sell their marketable surpluses from farm

and buy essential requirements. Besides, around 126 mandis have been notified for
marketing of horticultural produce in Madhya Pradesh.
Table2.34 : Mandi Arrivals and Income Generated in Madhya Pradesh

Years Total Mandi % increase in Income % increase in
Arrivals arrivals generated from income
(in Lakh Ionnes) Mandi fes @2%
( Rs In Crore)
2006-07 147.25 370.23
2007 -08 173.74 17.99% 466.36 25.96
2008 -09 169.49 -2.45% 478.23 2.55
2009- 10 171.57 1.23% 571.16 19.43
2010 -11 217.52 26.78% 742.78 30.05
2011 -12 233.99 7.57% 763.50 2.79
(Source ;Madhya Pradesh Agriculture Marketing Board GoMp)

CHAPTER III
STRENGTH, WEAKNESS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
SWOC ANALYSIS
Informative analysis on Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges, serve as
management tools for strategic decision-making as well as a diagnostic technique which
catalyses in streamlining the future projections and applications. This analysis has been used in
corporate management but now a day it has become an integral component in majority of
operational fields of life. SWOC analysis pertains to agriculture and allied sectors and other
related sectors is a very effective tool in understanding the emerging challenges of farming
and different ecosystems and integrating them with production requirements in right
perspectives. SWOC analysis of four major sectors viz., agriculture, horticulture, animal
husbandry and fisheries for Madhya Pradesh state is given below:
3.1 Agriculture Sector

Strengths
 Round the year bright sun-shine and average rainfall of 1100 mm are the boons to the
living of human beings, the animal and plant kingdom on this State of India.
 The State possesses 11 agro-climatic zones ranging from arid, semi-arid climatic
conditions and 5 crop regions.
 Two agricultural universities,10 Agricultural colleges +one Engineering college and 44
KVKs in almost every district with sound back-up support of research and extension
services.
 4500 PACS, Mandi Board having 256 Mandi,s and 282 sub mandis spread throughout
the state.
 The major types of soils like red, black cotton, alluvial, loamy and sandy loam found in
the State are highly suitable for growing a variety of crops.
 Functional Narmada Development Authority for exploiting irrigation waters for
agricultural productivity. Large acreage of agriculturally productive land in Narmada,
Tawa, Wainganga, Denwa, Betwa, Pench, Hirri, Sagar, Ken, Son, Johila, Budner, Haloan,
Pench, Jam and Machna basins and catchments areas.
 Irrigation Schemes implemented to raise ground water level and enabling efficient use
of rain water
 A wide range of crops such as cereals, pulses, oilseeds, spices and condiments, fruits,
vegetables and other crops are cultivated under varied agro-climatic conditions in the
State.
 People in the State, though majority of them are poor, are hard-working and hence a
modern technological back-up can go a long way in improving agricultural production.
 57% of total area of soybean of country is concentrated in MP. Well-developed agro-
based soybean industries are the added strengths for the rapid growth of the economy.

 Perennial rivers are the boons for fresh water aquaculture with existence of heritage
water tanks and village ponds. This indicates the high growth potential of fishery sector
in the State.
 There exists very good potential for boosting production of milk and goat / poultry
meat in the State through scientific feeding, breeding and health management. This is
more evident from the sizable livestock population the State.
 The rail as well as road transport systems, which are essential for agricultural
development, are fairly – knitted in the State.
 Well established warehousing system by the CWC, SWC and co-operatives with three-
tier approaches adds strength to the marketing system in the State and
 Changing life style and food habits of the people especially in the context of
urbanization, industrialization and Information Technology revolution.
 Credit distribution of short term loan at 0% interest
Weaknesses
 Sixty five percent of the landholders in the state area are marginal small farmers
owning 26 percent of the cultivable land. The state has 20 percent of the nation’s tribal
population, the largest in any state. Poor in financial resources, however dedicated,
these farmers would need continued special attention and incentives to adopt modern
farming practices.
 Water is the primary requirement for successful agriculture. Frequent monsoon
failures, low, erratic and uncertain rainfall and its skewed distribution affect the
momentum of agricultural growth.
 Major area under cultivation is rainfed. Some of the irrigation reservoirs are in pathetic
situation due to their limited maintenance resources. Irrigation tanks and water ways
are highly silted and filled with the growth of obnoxious aquatic weeds. Improper up-
keep of canal and river bunds results in severe water losses or non-availability of water
at the requires time results in decreased agricultural productivity
 Devoid of significant entrepreneur activities /industries due to poor power availability
in the rural hinterlands.
 The state has not been able to support a large seed replacement programme.
 Absence of market led extension services
 Lack of information and communication Technology (ICT) at village level
 Absence of concept of farm entrepreneurship development
 No proper attention to market based research for value addition
 Inadequate marketing infrastructure
 Presence of innumerable intermediaries between farmers and consumers increase the
cost of marketing and reduce farmers share in the consumer’s rupee.
 Post-harvest glut and consequent low prices of agricultural commodities
 Ineffective storage structures at the farm level and consequent losses of agricultural
produce due to storage pests, including rats and dampness.

 Minimum Involvement and negligible coordination of corporate and Private sector for
agriculture development activities
Opportunities
 Raising majority of field and horticultural crops round the year throughout the State
due to sufficient precipitation pattern.
 Market demand for better quality agricultural products and perishable foods like milk,
fruits and vegetables is getting increased primarily due to urbanization. This
necessitates the enhancing the yield per unit of land besides milk and meat production
in the years to come.
 Ample scope exists for opportunities for agro-processing units due to increased
demand for ready-to-cook as well as ready-to-eat foods.
 The red, black, alluvial and loamy soils found in the State are highly productive and
their capabilities can be sustained through proper and planned soil fertility
management practices.
 As the labour availability is becoming scarce, especially during peak agricultural
operations like transplanting, harvesting etc., the farm mechanization is on the
increase. However, the high investment requirement and non-affordability by the
individual farmer, especially the marginal and small, give way for custom services and
evolution of small agri-business entrepreneurs in the State
 Acceptable adoption of organic farming in predominantly low agro-chemicals
consuming districts in tribal belts.
 With production and productivity plateauing in irrigated areas elsewhere in the
country, the rain-fed areas of the state can be the vanguard of the second agriculture
revolution.
 Industry based cultivations of wheat including export purpose for different purpose like
flour, bakery etc.
Challenges
 Rural Population dependent on Agriculture:- Overall population depend on agriculture
was 71.5 % in 2001 which has reduced slightly to 69.8% in 2011. However the
proportion of rural population depending on agriculture has remained unchanged at
85.5% Thus from the livelihood perspective, the situation in Madhya Pradesh differs
greatly from that of national level due to high dependency of its population on
agriculture and allied sector as prime source of income and employment generation
.Surprisingly, the situation has not changed much in even decade
 Low and skewed distribution of rainfall especially during monsoon and consequent
droughts and floods occurring often and inadequate infrastructure to control such
calamities, damages the standing crops heavily and affects the production.
 Lack of Storage facility due to Increased Production :- It has been observed that though
the production and productivity of major crop in the state has increased over the years
but, again suffering due to in adequate storage facilities for procured food grain.

 Low in Income Sector:-With the Line of discourse at the national level share of
agricultural and allied sector in state GDP has declined over the years and stood at
24.4%in 2012-13 at 2004-05 constant prices, although it has shown outstanding
performance in recent past .But due to poor backward and forward linkage availability
the cultivation process and also allied sector is becoming uneconomical.
 Lack of Irrigation facility;- Though there is improvement in irrigation facilities in the
state in the recent past. as, the Gross Irrigated Area in Madhya Pradesh has increased
from 44.94 lakh ha in 2002-03 to 89.66 lakh ha in 2012-13 which is 38.58% of the Gross
Cropped Area in the State in 2012-13. It is very low compared to agriculturally
prosperous states like Punjab, Haryana and UP where irrigation facility is more than
50%.
 Quitting agricultural profession due to price volatility with high fluctuations and non-
remunerative farm products and consequent non-profitability of the farm business.
 The out – breaks of pests and diseases are often recurring in certain endemic areas of
the State. These pose the threat to the crops leading to complete loss to many farmers.
 Depletion of ground water;-In the recent years, due to heavy pumping of ground-water
especially in summer and early Kharif seasons, the reversal of ground water flow
results in high cost for irrigation.
 Fragmentation of Land holding:-Fast urbanization and industrialization and
indiscriminate conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural purposes; pose a great
threat of contraction of land put to agricultural uses and consequent reduction in
production. Fragmentation of land holding into smaller units is another cause of
concern ,resulting in increase in number of small and marginal farmers from 65% in
2000-01 to 71.5 in 2010-11
 Spurious/substandard input material supply
 Volatile prices / wide price fluctuations are the major threats that make the agricultural
proposition non-profitable and perforce the farmers to exit agricultural profession,
once for all and
 Increasing quality parameters and food safety standards in domestic and export
markets
 Training farmers on scientific farming.
 Ensuring adequate supply of quality agro-inputs
 Crack down on spurious farm products
 Improve power and irrigation facilities
3.2 Horticulture Sector

Strengths
 Horticulture crops in general are high value crops in the State.Soil and climatic
conditions are highly favourable for raising varied horticultural crops.

 The Department of Horticulture in the State has got the entire needed technical where-
withal, supported by a separate Horticulture College and Horticulture Research
Stations in the State.
 Increasing industrialization and urbanization and consequent per capita income
increase create an effective internal and external demand for horticultural products,
which are supposed to be the protective foods in human nutrition.
 The state has a very good potential of high value spices and condiments crops.
 The state support for horticulture development in the form of National Horticulture
Mission and Spices Board is an added strength to grow a variety of horticultural crops.
 Suitable land for all semi-arid tropic fruits orchards.
 State Govt. has number of horticultural nurseries and vegetable seed production farm
 Changing life style and food habits of the people especially in the context of
urbanization, industrialization and Information Technology revolution.
 Popularizing use of green houses in horticultural crop production promotion to
innovations (greenhouse) at field level
Weaknesses
 The major weakness is the high-cost of cultivation of high value horticultural crops
 Most of the fruit crops are highly season-bound and hence the year-round production
is not possible
 Lack of adequate demand for processed fruit and vegetable products and
infrastructure for processing value-added products
 Inadequate network of horticultural extension machinery in the State
 Highly perishable nature of horticulture products
 Absence of advance research centre for fruit, vegetables and spices crops in the state.
 Non-availability of potato seeds of farmer’s choice
 Inadequate supply of quality planting material
 Unscientific management of orange orchards
 Non-existence of specialized training programmes for horticultural crops
 Limited attention to market based research for value addition
 Absence of appropriate insurance policies for vegetables /flower growing in protected
cultivation in poly houses and fruits crops also,
 Large number of marginal and small farms
 Majority of the farmers are having resource poor
 Perishable nature of the farm products and the information asymmetry about market
and price trend favour the intermediaries and weaken the bargaining power of the
farmers. Ineffective storage structures at the farm level and consequent losses of
agricultural produce due to storage pests, including rats and dampness
 The post-harvest losses have been estimated at 30 per cent for fruits and vegetables
where as 10 percent for food grains
 Agri-processing Industries are yet to develop in a big way, and

 Encouraging farmers to adopt micro irrigation system in best way .
 Absence of cold chain development
Opportunities
 As the urbanization, industrialization and the family income have shown an increasing
trend in the recent years, the effective demand for protective foods is growing. Hence
there exist ample opportunities to increase the fruit and vegetable production in the
State
 Natural undulating land topography provides opportunities for development of
horticulture crops in the State
 The tempo of liberalization of the economies in the world and the functioning of WTO
give impetus to the export of horticultural products
 Season-bound production, highly perishable nature of products and the year round
demand provide excellent opportunity for the agro-processing entrepreneurs
 Crop diversification from low-return field crops to high value horticultural crops is
another possible opportunity
 Strengthening the existing marketing organizations
 Deregulation of marketing activities
 Construction of more Onion Storage pack houses at village level
 Developing effective communication network
 Capacity building among farmers through training and exposure visits
 Development of cold chains for perishables
 Strengthening storage system at farm level especially Pack Houses
 Tapping the export markets and
 Encouraging farmers for setting up green houses and MIS.
Challenges
 High-cost of high-tech cultivation of horticulture crops and low financial investment
capability of majority of farmers
 Presence of rocky sub-soils and lack of awareness among the farmers pose severe
threat to many orchard farmers
 High perish ability and inadequate post-harvest care also pose threat to grow
horticultural crops
 Post-harvest glut of season-bound fruits and highly fluctuating prices are the other
threats confronted by horticultural farmers
 Supply of good quality planting materials and input
 Unstable market
 Gap between supply and demand
 Volatile prices / wide price fluctuations are the major threats that make the agricultural
proposition non-profitable and perforce the farmers to exit agricultural profession,
once for all, and

 Increasing quality parameters and food safety standards in domestic and export
markets
 Climatic change & low rainfall leads to insufficient irrigation facilities.
3.3 Agriculture Engineering

Weakness
Lower level of resource management due to low farm power availability
Challenges
Low Level of Farm Mechanization
Production and productivity of crop in a particular area is directly related to level of farm
mechanisation level in the area Due to fragmented holding .poor economic conditions and
reluctance in accepting modern technology the mechanisation level in the state could not
improved to a desired level, At the end of the year2010-11 the farm mechanisation level could
not reach to 1.15 kw/ha only Therefore improving the scenario of farm mechanization will be
on of the major challenges before our state
3.4 Animal Husbandry Sector

Strengths
 Sizeable cattle population in the State
 Increasing cross-bred cows population
 Eagerness of SHGs on dairying
 Readily available bank credit
 Ready market for fluid milk and its by-products
 Involvement of private dairy is also on the increase in milk procurement and
distribution
 Very high export potential for hides and skins
 The availability of fairly large number of veterinary institutions along with
infrastructure facilities
Propensity of dairy farmers to market the surplus milk through co-operatives and excellent
network of dairy co-operatives Availability of superior germ plasm with high exotic blood levels
and Availability of fairly a large number of Artificial Insemination Centres in the State.
Weaknesses
 Shortage of green fodder to the tune of above 80 per cent of the requirement
 Lack of adequate knowledge on enriching the available dry fodder with nutrient
supplements
 Lack of knowledge among the farmers on hygienic milk production, scientific rearing of
calves and management of cross bred cows during advanced pregnancy period
 Insufficient cold chain management of vaccines
 Poor quality control system
 Problems in controlling the disease out-breaks
 Improper housing and frequent incidence of diseases

 Poor slaughter facilities
 Non-availability of veterinary services within the easy reach of the farmers due to
insufficient technical manpower
 Delayed conceivement, shy bearing in buffaloes and limited percentage of artificial
insemination success and
 Decreasing buffalo population
Opportunities
 Constantly increasing demand for milk and milk products from both domestic and
export markets
 The performance of genetically up-graded non-descript local breeds are quite
promising in terms of increased milk productivity
 Financial institutions, especially the commercial banks, are liberal in extending credit
facilities for starting mini-dairy farms
 Technological empowerment on scientific dairy farming among farmers / rural women
to boost milk production
 Presence of well – knit SHGs all over the State and
 Availability of well-knit co-operative milk marketing system and the growth of private
procurement and distribution business units
Challenges
 Diminishing grazing land area in the recent times
 High incidence of mastitis and loss of milk productivity
 Increasing cost of feeds
 Non-availability of labour and high labour cost and
 Sudden outbreaks of diseases like Anthrax, black quarter, foot and mouth disease, etc.
3.5 Fisheries Sector

Strengths
 Madhya Pradesh is blessed with good number of perennial rivers viz., Narmada, Tawa,
Wainganga, Denwa, Betwa, Pench, Hirri, Sagar, Ken, Son, Johila, Budner, Haloan, Pench,
Jam and Machna
 Diversified flora and fauna to support sweat water psiculture
 The inland fishery sprawls over vast water spread area comprising reservoirs, major
irrigation and long seasonal tanks, short seasonal tanks and ponds
 Many fishermen cooperatives are functioning in the State. The fisheries policy of the
state is cooperatives based. The state has 1617 primary cooperatives societies and one
apex body, i.e. Madhya Pradesh Fisheries Federation, which is engaged in fisheries
development in the state
 Sizable fishermen / fisher women population in the State and

 The state has one fisheries training centre, one research unit of fisheries development
and various research station of the Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)
provide research, extension and training support to the state fisheries department
from time to time.
Weaknesses
 Majority of water bodies received water only during monsoon season
 Inadequate infrastructure facilities for seed production, rearing, and marketing
 Fish culture in natural and small water systems is being practiced by stock and harvest
method and not by scientific culture method
 Insufficient post-harvest facility like cold storage and fish processing unit near the site
 Low fish productivity of tanks
 Inadequate fish seed production and non-availability of stock size quality fish seeds
throughout the year
 Insufficient funds to fish seed rearing centres
 Inadequate training packages on fish culture, breeding and seed rearing, feed
formulation and fish diseases diagnosis, etc.
 Insufficient area for fish seed production
 Lack of hygienic handling of fish in marketing
 Low infrastructure support for artisanal fisherman impede the growth in fish
production
 Under-utilization of short seasonal tanks and
 Conflicting demand on available water
Opportunities
 Large scale river aquaculture is possible
 Ample opportunities for developing fish product based industries on large scale with
greater rigor.
 Effective utilization of short seasonal tanks and ponds in the network of inland water
ways for fish production and
 Establishment of large scale seed production and supply centres.
 Integrating fish farming with rain-water harvesting.
 Challenges
 Frequent monsoon failures, are the natural hazards that pose major threats to the
growth of the fishery industry as a whole
 Inadequate infrastructure for seed production discourages the farmers in taking up
fresh water fish culture
 High siltation of tanks and water ways and lack of periodic de-silting activities.
 Managing conflicting demand for water.

CHAPTER IV
MADHYA PRADESH: VISION 2020
Vision Statement
“IMPROVING LIVELIHOOD OF RURAL HOUSEHOLS BY REBALANCING AGRICULTURE
THROUGH CONSERVING AGRICULTURE AND AN INTEGRATED DIVERSIFIED FARMING
SYSTEM”
India has made impressive strides on the agricultural front during the last three decades. Much
of the credit for this success should go to the several million small farming families that form
the backbone of Indian agriculture and economy. Policy support, production strategies, public
investment in infrastructure, research and extension for crop, livestock and fisheries have
significantly helped to increase food production and its availability. During the last 30 years,
India’s food grain production nearly doubled from 102 million tons in the triennium ending
1973 to nearly 264.77 million tons (mt) in the year 2013-14. Virtually all of the increase in the
production resulted from yield gains rather than expansion of cultivated area. The per capita
net availability of food grains was 444 grams per day in 2009, 437.1 grams per day in 2010 and
462.9 grams per day in 2011, even as the country’s population is growing.
The Indian agriculture sector accounts for 13.9 per cent of India's gross domestic product
(GDP) and employs just a little less than 54.6 per cent of the country's workforce. The
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation under the Ministry of Agriculture is the nodal
organization responsible for the development of the agriculture sector in India. The Immediate
challenge to the Ministry of Agriculture is to sustain the increasing agricultural output of the
country in the coming years.
4.1 Indian Agriculture at a Glance

Agriculture continues to be the backbone of Indian economy.
 Agriculture sector employs 54.6% of the total workforce.
 The total Share of Agriculture & Allied Sectors (Including Agriculture, Livestock, and
forestry and fishery sub sectors) in terms of percentage of Gross Domestic Product is
13.9 percent during 2013-14 at 2004-05 prices. [As per the estimates released by
Central Statistics Office]
 For the 12th Plan (2012-17), a growth target of 4 percent has been set for the
Agriculture Sector
 As per the 4th Advance Estimates of Production of food grains for 2013-14, total food
grain production is estimated to be 264.77 Million Tonnes. Availability of food grains
per person was 444.0 grams per day in 2009, 437.1 grams/day in 2008, 453.6 grams a
day in 2011 before plunging to 450.3 grams per person per day in 2012, increased from
452 gm/capita/day to over 476 gm/capita/day, even as the country's population almost
doubled, swelling from 548 million to nearly 1000 million.

 Increased agricultural productivity and rapid industrial growth in the recent years have
contributed to a significant reduction in poverty level, from 55 percent in 1973 to 26
percent in 1998. Despite the impressive growth and development, India is still home to
the largest number of poor people of the world. With about 250 million below the
poverty line, India accounts for about one-fifth of the world’s poor. Child malnutrition
extracts its highest toll in this country. About 25% children suffer from serious
malnutrition. More than 50 percent of the pre-school children and pregnant women
are anaemic. The depth of hunger among the undernourished is also high.
 India has high population pressure on land and other resources to meet its food and
development needs. The natural resource base of land, water and bio-diversity is under
severe pressure. The massive increase in population (despite the slowing down of the
rate of growth) and substantial income growth, demand an extra about 2.5 mt of food
grains annually, besides significant increases needed in the supply of livestock, fish and
horticultural products. Under the assumption of 3.5% growth in per capita GDP (low
income growth scenario), demand for food grains (including feed, seed, wastage and
export) is projected in the year 2020 at the level of 256 mt comprising 112mt of rice,
82mt of wheat, 39mt of coarse grains and 22mt of pulses. The demand for sugar, fruits,
vegetables, and milk is estimated to grow to a level 33mt, 77mt, 136mt and 116mt
respectively. The demand for meat is projected at 9mt, fish 11mt and eggs 77.5 billion
(Table 1).
 Future increases in the production of cereals and non-cereal agricultural commodities
will have to be essentially achieved through increases in productivity, as the
possibilities of expansion of area and livestock population are minimal. To meet the
projected demand in the year 2020, country must attain a per hectare yield of 2.7 tons
for rice, 3.1 tons for wheat, 2.1 tons for maize, 1.3 tons for coarse cereals, 2.4 tons for
cereal, 1.3 tons for pulses, 22.3 tons for potato, 25.7 for vegetables, and 24.1 tons for
fruits. The production of livestock and poultry products must be improved 61% for milk,
76% for meat, 91% for fish, and 169% for eggs by the year 2020 over the base year TE
1999. Average yields of most crops in India are still rather low.
Table 4.1: Demand for Agricultural Commodities
Item Achieved TE 1997-99 Demand in 2020 Yield target in
(million tons) 2020
Area Production Yield LIG HIG LIG HIG
(Million (Million (Kg/ha)
ha) tons)
Rice 42.2 85.7 1903 112.4 111.9 2664 2652
Wheat 26.2 69.1 2582 82.3 79.9 3137 3045
Coarse cereal 30.7 30.4 1041 38.9 37.3 1268 1214
Cereal 99.1 185.2 1814 233.6 229.0 2357 2311
Pulses 21.7 13.8 608 22.3 23.8 1029 1095
Food grains 120.8 199.0 1595 255.9 252.8 2119 2092
Edible oil 28.6 6.4 269 10.8 11.4 379.7 399

Potato 1.2 21.6 17188 27.8 30.6 22279 24566

Vegetables 5.3 74.5 14204 135.6 168.0 25673 31812
Fruits 3.2 43.0 13437 77.0 93.6 24064 29259
Sugarcane 3.7 26.9 7006 32.6 33.7 8788 9088
Gur
Milk - 71.2 - 115.8 137.3 - -
Meat - 5.0 - 8.8 11.4 - -
Eggs number - 2873 - 7750 10000 - -
Fish - 5.3 - 10.1 12.8 - -
Source: Food Production and Demand in South Asia. Agril. Econ. Res. Rev. 13(1):1-24.
LIG: Low income growth 3.5% per capita GDP growth
HIG: High income growth 5.5% per capita GDP growth
Demand includes export 4.7mt rice, 3.6 mt wheat, and vegetables 2.2 mt fruits 1.4mt And fish
0.49 mt.
4.2 Emerging Trends
 The agriculture sector recorded satisfactory growth due to improved technology,
irrigation, inputs and pricing policies. Livestock, poultry, fisheries and horticulture are
surging ahead in production growth in recent years and will have greater demand in
the future. Industrial and service sectors have expanded faster than agriculture sector
resulting in declining share of agriculture in national accounts. Despite the structural
change, agriculture still remains a key sector, providing both employment and
livelihood opportunities to more than 70 percent of the country's population who live
in rural areas. The contribution of small farmers to the national and household food
security has been steadily increasing. The water availability for agricultural uses has
reached a critical level and deserves urgent attention of all concerned.
 Madhya Pradesh too just like other states of the country has high population pressure
on land and other resources to meet its food and development needs. The natural
resource base of land, water and bio-diversity is under severe pressure. Food demand
challenges ahead are formidable considering the non-availability of favourable factors
of past growth, fast declining factor productivity in major cropping systems and rapidly
shrinking resource base.
 Vast uncommon opportunities to harness agricultural potential still remain, which can
be tapped to achieve future targets. There are serious gaps both in yield potential and
technology transfer as the state average yields of most of the commodities are low,
which if addressed properly could be harnessed.
 Concentration was on enhanced production of a few commodities like rice and wheat,
which could quickly contribute to increased total food and agricultural production. This
resulted in considerable depletion of natural resources and the rainfed dry areas having
maximum concentration of resource poor farmers remained ignored, aggravating
problems of inequity and regional imbalances. This also led to a high concentration of
malnourished people in these rainfed, low productive areas. This era also witnessed

rapid loss of soil nutrients, agro-biodiversity including indigenous land races and
breeds.
 The agriculture policy must accelerate all-round development and economic viability of
agriculture in comprehensive terms. Farmers must be provided the necessary support,
encouragement and incentives. It must focus both on income and greater on-farm and
off-farm job and livelihood opportunities.
4.3 Main Issues

In State priority setting, the following recurring and emerging issues for sustainable
agricultural development and poverty alleviation must be considered:
 Population pressure and demographic transition;
 Resource base degradation and water scarcity;
 Investment in agriculture, structural adjustment and impact on the poor;
 Globalization and implication on the poor;
 Modern science and technology and support to research and technology development;
and
 Rapid urbanization and urbanization of poverty, and deceleration in rural poverty
reduction.
 While addressing the above issues, a statement on agriculture must take note of the
following uncommon opportunities:
 Conservation of natural resources and protection of environment.
 Vast untapped potential of our soil and water resources, and farming systems
 Technology revolution especially in the areas of molecular biology, biotechnology,
ecology and management.
 Revolution in informatics and communication and the opportunity of linking farmers,
extension workers and scientists with the national and international databases
4.4 Vision
The Agriculture vision document of Madhya Pradesh must articulate a clear vision on following
few basic parameters of the agricultural sector around which a doable framework must be
developed.
 Organization of agriculture: A clear long-term vision where inter-sectoral linkages are
explicit.
 Sustainability and natural resource management: Prescription must lie in the domain of
political economy. Otherwise, allocating funds for agriculture and allied sector, and so
on will not produce desired results.
 Institutional involvement: document must spell out new approaches and involvement
of corporate institutions free from the shackles of bureaucratic and self-help
framework.
 Investment priorities: There is a need to develop a consensus on investment themes,
priorities and policies. Document must lend strength to the claim for greater

investment in rural areas, and also re-examine its programmes in the light of
complementarities.
 Incentives: Document must articulate a clear vision on the incentive framework.
 Innovation & Risk management
4.5 Challenges, Policies and Strategies

(a) Enhancing Yield of Major Commodities: Yield of major crops and livestock in the region is
much lower than that in the rest of the country. Considering that the frontiers of expansion of
cultivated area are limited in the region, the future increase in food production to meet the
continuing high demand must come from increase in yield. There is a need to strengthen
adaptive research and technology assessment, refinement and transfer capabilities of the
state so that the existing wide technology transfer gaps are bridged. For this, an appropriate
network of extension service needs to be created to stimulate and encourage both top-down
and bottom-up flows of information between farmers, extension workers, and research
scientists to promote the generation, adoption, and evaluation of location specific farm
technologies. Ample scope exists for increasing genetic yield potential of a large number of
vegetables, fruits as well as other food crops and livestock and fisheries products. Besides
maintenance breeding, greater effort should be made towards developing hybrid varieties as
well as varieties suitable for export purposes. Agronomic and soil researches in the region
need to be intensified to address location specific problems as factor productivity growth is
decelerating in major production regimes. Research on Rice/Wheat, coarse grains, pulses and
oilseeds must achieve a production breakthrough. Hybrid rice, single cross hybrids of maize
and pigeonpea hybrids offer new opportunities. Soybean, sunflower will help in meeting
future oil demands successfully. Forest cover must be preserved to keep off climatic
disturbances and to provide enough of fuel and fodder. Milk, meat and draught capacity of our
animals needs to be improved quickly through better management practices.
(b) Integrated nutrient management: Attention should be given to balanced use of nutrients.
Phosphorus deficiency is now the most widespread soil fertility problem in both irrigated and
unirrigated areas. Correcting the distortion in relative prices of primary fertilizers could help
correct the imbalances in the use of primary plant nutrients-nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash
and use of bio-fertilizers. To improve efficiency of fertilizer use, what is really needed is
enhanced location-specific research on efficient fertilizer practices (such as balanced use of
nutrients, correct timing and placement of fertilizers, and, wherever necessary, use of
bio/organic nutrients, micronutrient and soil amendments), improvement in soil testing
services, development of improved fertilizer supply and distribution systems, and
development of physical and institutional infrastructure.
(c) Arresting deceleration in total factor productivity: Public investment in irrigation,
infrastructure development (road, electricity), research and extension and efficient use of
water and plant nutrients are the dominant sources of TFP growth. The sharp deceleration in
total investment and more so in public sector investment in agriculture is the main cause for
the deceleration. This has resulted in the slow-down in the growth of irrigated area and a

sharp deceleration in the rate of growth of fertiliser consumption. The most serious effect of
deceleration in total investment has been on agricultural research and extension. This trend
must be reversed as the projected increase in food and non-food production must accrue
essentially through increasing yield per hectare. Recognising that there are serious yield gaps
and there are already proven paths for increasing productivity, it is very important for Madhya
Pradesh to maintain a steady growth rate in total factor productivity. As the TFP increases, the
cost of production decreases and the prices also decrease and stabilise. Both producer and
consumer share the benefits. The fall in food prices will benefit the urban and rural poor more
than the upper income groups, because the former spend a much larger proportion of their
income on cereals than the latter. All the efforts need to be concentrated on accelerating
growth in TFP, whilst conserving natural resources and promoting ecological integrity of
agricultural system. More than half of the required growth in yield to meet the target of
demand must be met from research efforts by developing location specific and low input use
technologies with the emphasis on the regions where the current yields are below the
required national average yield.
Literacy had a positive and significant relation with crop productivity and a strong link exists
between literacy and farm modernisation. A study some time back, conducted by IARI , has
shown that literacy emerged as an important source of growth in adoption of technology, use
of modern inputs like machines, fertilisers, and yield. Recognising that in the liberalised
economic environment, efficiency and growth orientation will attract maximum attention.
Literacy will play a far more important role in the globalised world than it did in the past.
Contribution of literacy, through TFP, will be substantial on yield growth and domestic supply.
As future agriculture will increasingly be science-led and will require modern economic
management, high return to investment on education is expected.
The investments that are good for agricultural growth-technology and its dissemination, rural
infrastructure (roads), education and irrigation - amount to a 'win-win' strategy for reducing
rural poverty by also increasing the non-farm economy and raising rural wages. Creating
infrastructure in less developed areas, better management of infrastructure and introduction
of new technologies can further enhance resource productivity and TFP. Generation and
effective assessment and diffusion of packages of appropriate technologies involving system
and programme based approach, participatory mechanisms, greater congruency between
productivity and sustainability through integrated pest management and integrated soil-
water-irrigation-nutrient management should be aggressively promoted to bridge the yield
gaps in most field crops. Besides this, efforts must be in place to defend the gains and to make
new gains particularly through the congruence of gene revolution, informatics revolution,
management revolution and eco-technology.
Many observers have expressed concern that technological gains have not occurred in a
number of crops, notably coarse cereals, pulses and in rainfed areas. Recent analysis on TFP
growth based on cost of cultivation data does not prove this perception (Table 2). In all the 18
major crops considered in the analysis, several states have recorded positive TFP growth. This
is spread over major cereals, coarse grains, pulses, oilseeds, fibres, vegetables, etc. In most

cases, in the major producing states, rainfed crops also, showed productivity gains. There is
thus strong evidence that technological change has generally pervaded the entire crop sector.
There are, of course, crops and states where technological stagnation or decline is apparent
and these are the priorities for present and future agricultural research. Farming system
research to develop location specific technologies and strategy to make grey areas green by
adopting three-pronged approach - watershed management, hybrid technology and small
farm mechanisation will accelerate growth. It is necessary to enlarge the efforts for promoting
available dry land technologies. Promoting efficient fertiliser practices, improving soil-testing
services, strengthening distribution channel of critical inputs specially quality seed and
development of physical and institutional infrastructure will help resource-poor farmers.
(d) Bridging Yield Gaps: Vast untapped potential in the yield exists for all crops in most of the
districts accounting for more than three-fourths of crop area. Emphasis must be given to the
districts in which current yield levels are below the state average yield.
For wheat we must focus mainly on Hoshangabad, Vidisha, Sehore, Raisen, Rewa, Ashoknagar,
which are accounting for 68% of wheat area. Similarly Balaghat, Katni, Mandla, Seoni are the
priority districts accounting for 66% of rice area which need emphasis on bridging yield gaps to
attain target demand and yield growth. For coarse cereals, major emphasis must be given
Guna, Gwalior, Ashoknagar, Betul etc. To meet the demand for pulses greater emphasis is
needed in almost all the districts with particular focus on Chhattarpur, Tikamgarh,
Narsinghpur, Dindori etc. which have three-fourths of total pulse area. The target growth in
pulse yield from these districts annually must be more than 6 per cent; otherwise the state
and nation will experience shortage of pulses for all times to come. The task of attaining self-
sufficient in pulses production looks difficult without area expansion and irrigation. In cases of
oilseeds greater emphasis is needed on districts to increase the yield by about 4 per cent. The
possibilities of developing processing industry for extracting edible oils from non-oilseeds
commodities, like rice bran, etc, needing to be explored. The introduction of palm cultivation
for oil production may release pressure on traditional oilseeds crops to meet future edible oil
demand.
In case of sugarcane, political willingness of the government and research and development
efforts are to be strengthened in the state, to increase the yields per hectare by about 4% per
annum. The demand for sugar can also be met by developing mini sugar mills so that
substantial sugarcane production can be diverted from Khandsari to sugar production. This
may also help release some sugarcane area to other crops. Cotton crop requires greater yield
improvement emphasis on 81 per cent of the cotton area Khargone, Barwani and Burhanpur.
(e) Climate change and Agriculture Development: Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate
Change has projected that by the end of this century, global earth temperature is likely to
increase by 1.8o to 4.0°C. This would lead to more frequent hot extremes, floods, droughts,
cyclones, and recession of glaciers. Dynamics of pests and diseases would be significantly
altered. The projected increase in these events will result in greater instability in food
production and will threaten farmers’ livelihood security. Producing enough food for increased
demand against the background of changing climate scenario is a challenging task for

agricultural research & development. This would require increased adaptation and mitigation
research & development interventions, capacity-building, changes in policies, regional and
national as well as global co-operation.
(f) Water for Sustainable Food Security: Madhya Pradesh just like other states will be
required to produce more and more from less and less land. This will be possible with tapping
more water resources for agriculture production.. Alarming rates of ground water depletion
and serious environmental and social problems of some of the major irrigation projects on one
hand, and the multiple benefits of irrigation water in enhancing production and productivity,
food security, poverty alleviation, as mentioned earlier, are well known to be further
elaborated here: In India, water availability per capita was over 5000 cubic meters (m3) per
annum in 1950. It now stands at around 2000 m3 and is projected to decline to 1500 m3 by
2025. Further, the quality of available water is deteriorating. Also, there are gross inequalities
between basins and geographic regions.
Agriculture is the biggest user of water, accounting for about 80 percent of the water
withdrawals. There are pressures for diverting water from agriculture to other sectors. A study
has warned that re-allocations’ of water out of agriculture can have a dramatic impact on
global food markets. It is projected that availability of water for agricultural use in India may be
reduced by 21 percent by 2020, resulting: in drop of yields of irrigated crops, especially rice,
thus price rise and withdrawal of food from poor masses. Policy reforms are needed from now
to avoid the negative developments in the years to come. These reforms may include the
establishment of secure water rights to users, the decentralization and privatization of water,
management functions to appropriate levels, pricing reforms, markets in tradable property
rights, and the introduction of appropriate water-savings technologies.
The needs of other sectors for water cannot be ignored. Therefore it is necessary that an
integrated water use policy is formulated and judiciously implemented. Several international
initiatives on this aspect have been taken in recent years. Our state should critically examine
these initiatives and develop its state - specific system for judicious and integrated use and
management of water. An institution should be established to assess the various issues,
regulatory concerns, water laws and legislations, research and technology development and
dissemination, social mobilization and participatory and community involvement, including
gender and equity concerns and economic aspects.
(g) Emphasis on Rainfed Ecosystem: Resource-poor farmers in the rainfed ecosystems practice
less-intensive agriculture, and since their incomes depend on local agriculture, they benefit
little from increased food production in irrigated areas. To help them, efforts must be
increased to disseminate available dry land technologies and to generate new ones. It will be
necessary to enlarge the efforts for promoting available dry land technologies, increasing the
stock of this knowledge, and removing pro-irrigation biases in public investment and
expenditure, as well as credit flows, for technology-based agricultural growth. Watershed
development for raising yields of rainfed crops and widening of seed revolution to cover
oilseeds, pulses, fruits and vegetables crops.. Farming system research to develop location
specific technologies must be intensified in the rainfed areas. Strategy to make grey areas

green will lead to second Green Revolution, which would demand three-pronged strategy -
watershed management, hybrid technology and small farm mechanisation.
(h) Accent on Diversification of Agriculture and Value Addition: In the face of shrinking
natural resources and ever increasing demand for larger food and agricultural production
arising due to high population and income growths, agricultural intensification is the main
course of future growth of agriculture in the region. Research for product diversification
should be yet another important area. Besides developing technologies for promoting
intensification, the country must give greater attention to the development of technologies
that will facilitate agricultural diversification particularly towards intensive production of fruits,
vegetables, flowers and other high value crops that are expected to increase income growth
and generate effective demand for food. The per capita availability of arable land is quite low
and declining over time. Diversification towards these high value and labour intensive
commodities can provide adequate income and employment to the farmers dependent on
small size of farms. Due importance should be given to quality and nutritional aspects. High
attention should be given to develop post-harvest handling and agro-processing and value
addition technologies not only to reduce the heavy post-harvest losses and also improve
quality through proper storage, packaging, handling and transport. The role of biotechnology
in post-harvest management and value addition deserves to be enhanced.
(i) Accent on Post-Harvest Management, Value Addition and Cost-Effectiveness: Post-harvest
losses generally range from 5 to 10 percent for non-perishables and about 30 percent for
perishables. This loss could be and must be minimized. Let us remember, a grain saved is a
grain produced. Emphasis should therefore be placed to develop post-harvest handling, agro-
processing and value-addition technologies not only to prevent the high losses, but also to
improve quality through proper storage, packaging, handling and transport. With the thrust on
globalization and increasing competitiveness, this approach will improve the agricultural
export contribution of India, which is proportionately extremely low. Cost-effectiveness in
production and post-harvest handling through the application of latest technologies will be a
necessity. The agro-processing facilities should preferably be located close to the points of
production in rural areas, which will greatly promote off-farm employment. Such centres of
processing and value addition will encourage production by masses against mass production in
factories located in urban areas. Agricultural cooperatives and Gram Panchayats must play a
leading role in this effort. In doing so, the needs of small farmers should be kept in mind.
(j) Increased corporate/Private Investment in Agriculture and Infrastructures: The public
investment in agriculture has been declining and is one of the main reasons behind the
declining productivity and low capital formation in the agriculture sector. With the burden on
productivity - driven growth in the future, this worrisome trend must be reversed. Private
investment in agriculture has also been slow and must be stimulated through appropriate
policies. Considering that nearly 70 percent of India still lives in villages, agricultural growth
will continue to be the engine of broad-based economic growth and development as well as of
natural resource conservation, leave alone food security and poverty alleviation. Accelerated
investments are needed to facilitate agricultural and rural development through:

 Productivity increasing varieties of crops, breeds of livestock, strains of microbes and
efficient packages of technologies, particularly those for land and water management,
for obviating biotic, a biotic, socio-economic and environmental constraints;
 Yield increasing and environmentally -friendly production and post-harvests and
value-addition technologies;
 Reliable and timely availability of quality inputs at reasonable prices, institutional and
credit supports, especially for small and resource-poor farmers, and support to land
and water resources development;
 Effective and credible technology, procurement, assessment and transfer and
extension system involving appropriate linkages and partnerships; again with an
emphasis on reaching the small farmers;
 Improved institutional and credit support and increased rural employment
opportunities, including those through creating agriculture-based rural agro-processing
and agro-industries, improved rural infrastructures, including access to information,
and effective markets, farm to market roads and related infrastructure;
 Particular attention to the needs and participation of women farmers; and
 Primary educations, health care, clean drinking water, safe sanitation, adequate
nutrition, particularly for children (including through mid-day meal at schools) and
women.
 The above investments will need to be supported through appropriate policies that do
not discriminate against agriculture and the rural poor. Given the increasing role of
small farmers in food security and poverty alleviation, development efforts must be
geared to meet the needs and potential of such farmers through their active
participation in the growth process.
 Government should facilitate and support community level action by private voluntary
organizations, including farmers groups aimed at improving food security, reducing
poverty, and assuring sustainability in the management of natural resources. In
addition, governments should enhance efforts to ensure good nutrition and access to
sufficient food for all through primary health care and education for all.
 Increased attention will also have to be given to development of sustainable systems
that protect the natural resource base. Recent evidence of resource degradation and
declining productivity in some intensively cropped areas is of particular concern. Also
population driven intensification of agriculture without the use of external inputs, is
leading to a serious problem of mining soil fertility
 Mobilize the best of science and development efforts (including traditional knowledge
and modern scientific approach) through partnerships involving national and
international research institutions, NGOs, farmers' organizations and private sector in
order to tackle the present and future problems of food security and production.
 Donors and Government must urgently increase funding for agricultural research
targeted at the needs of the rural and urban poor, and every effort must be made to

ensure the free flow of information, technology and germplasm so that a proper
sustainable agriculture can be achieved.
(k) Accent on Empowering the Small Farmers: Contributions of small holders in securing
food for growing population have increased considerably even though they are most
insecure and vulnerable group in the society. The off-farm and non-farm employment
opportunities can play an important role. Against expectation under the liberalized
scenario, the non-agricultural employment in rural areas has not improved. Greater
emphasis needs to be placed on non-farm employment and appropriate budgetary
allocations and rural credit through banking systems should be in place to promote
appropriate rural enterprises. Specific human resource and skill development programmes
to train them will make them better decision-makers and highly productive. Human
resource development for increasing productivity of these small holders should get high
priority. Thus, knowledge and skill development of rural people both in agriculture and
non-agriculture sectors is essential for achieving economic and social goals. A careful
balance will therefore need to be maintained between the agricultural and non-agricultural
employment and farm and non-farm economy, as the two sectors are closely inter-
connected.
 Raising agricultural productivity requires continuing investments in human resource
development, agricultural research and development, improved information and
extension, market, roads and related infrastructure development and efficient small-
scale, farmer-controlled irrigation technologies, and custom hiring services. Such
investments would give small farmers the options and flexibility to adjust and respond
to market conditions.
 For poor farm-households whose major endowment is its labour force, economic
growth with equity will give increased entitlement by offering favourable markets for
its products and more employment opportunities. Economic growth if not managed
suitably, can lead to growing inequalities. Agrarian reforms to alleviate unequal access
to land, compounded by unequal access to water, credit, knowledge and markets, have
not only rectified income distribution but also resulted in sharp increases in
productivity and hence need to be adopted widely. Further, targeted measures that
not only address the immediate food and health care requirements of disadvantaged
groups, but also provide them with developmental means, like access to inputs,
infrastructure, services and most important, education should be taken.
 Identification of need-based productive programs is very critical, which can be explored
through characterisation of production environment. We have to develop demand-
driven and location-specific programs to meet the requirements of different regions to
meet the nutritional security of most vulnerable population in the rural areas.
Improved agricultural technology, irrigation, livestock sector and literacy will be most
important instruments for improving the nutritional security of the farm-households.
Watershed development and water saving techniques will have far reaching
implications in increasing agricultural production and raising calorie intake in the

rainfed areas. Livestock sector should receive high priority with multiple objectives of
diversifying agriculture, raising income and meeting the nutritional security of the poor
farm households. Need based and location-specific community programs, which
promise to raise nutritional security, should be identified and effectively implemented.
Expansion of micro credit programmes for income-generation activities, innovative
approaches to promote family planning and providing primary health services to
people and livestock and education should enhance labour productivity and adoption
of new technologies. Development of the post-harvest sector, co-operatives, roads,
education, and research and development should be an investment priority. A
congenial policy environment is needed to enable smaller holders to take the
advantage of available techniques of production, which can generate more incomes
and employment in villages. For this poor farmer needs the support of necessary
services in the form of backward and forward linkages. Small-mechanised tools, which
minimise drudgery and do not reduce employment, but only add value to the working
hours are needed to enhance labour productivity. Special safety nets should be
designed and implemented for them. Can agricultural co-operatives internalise and
galvanize these marginal and excluded people? Off-farm employment provided
through co-operatives will go a long way in pulling them out of the state where poverty
breeds poverty. Therefore, investment in the empowerment of the small landholders
will pay off handsomely. Let us create rural centres of production and processing by
masses through co-operatives or empowerment of Gram Panchayats to promote co-
operatives. This will improve efficiency of input and output marketing and give higher
income. There is need to disseminate widely post-harvest handling and agro-processing
and value addition technologies not only to reduce the heavy post-harvest losses but
also improve quality through proper storage, packaging, handling and transport.
Panchayati Raj institutions and co-operatives can play significant role in all these
directions. Giving them power over the administration, as contemplated under the 73 rd
and 74th Amendment of the Constitution has not been implemented seriously so far in
any of the states.
(l) Disaster Management: The frequency and intensity of disasters such as floods, droughts,
cyclones and earthquakes have increased in the recent years. The devastating earthquake in
Gujarat has brought untold miseries to the whole state and caused a national disaster.
 Special effort should be made to develop appropriate technologies for increasing
preparedness to predict and to manage the disasters.
 Effective and reliable information and communication systems, contingency planning
and national and international mobilization of technologies and resources are a must.
 Experiences of other countries in prevention and management of the disasters should
be shared.
(m) Exploiting Cyberspace: Information is power and will underpin future progress and
prosperity. Efforts must be made to strengthen the informatics in agriculture by developing
new databases, linking databases with international databases and adding value to

information to facilitate decision making at various levels. Development of production models
for various agro-ecologically regimes to forecast the, production potential should assume
greater importance. Using the remote sensing and GIS technologies, Natural and other
agricultural resource should be mapped at micro and macro levels and effectively used for land
and water use planning as well as agricultural forecasting, market intelligence and e-business’,
contingency planning and prediction of disease and pest incidences.

Chapter V
MAJOR CONSTRAINTS & DEVELOPMENT ISSUES FOR SAIDP
Madhya Pradesh is endowed with varying climatic condition soil and diverse cropping
pattern as its natural base has done significant progress and development in Agriculture and
allied sector. The constraints and development issues with respect to Infrastructure
Development in Agriculture and allied sectors are identified and many of them have been
included in the state plan and also made the part of this document. These constraints and
developmental issues need to be addressed in RKVY being part of SAIDP. The major constraints
and developmental issues can be summarized as follows :-
5.1 Agriculture sector
 Agriculture holdings are small and marginal in nature, resulting low paying capacity of
the farmers.
 Approximately 65% cropped area is rain fed.
 Vagaries of Monsoon and frequent natural calamities.
 Lack of training facilities for farmers and extension functionaries.
 Heavy runoff with Soil erosion.
 Depletion of ground water.
 Lack of quality control laboratories for all inputs like Seed, Fertilizer ,Pesticides etc.
 Lack of adequate mechanism for determining soil health.
 Unorganized and dilapidated Government farms for seed production.
 Dissemination and transfer of agriculture technology is inadequate
 Less Mechanization
 Lack of IT facilities at Village or at least Block level.
 Lack of HRD facilities at state to support updating officers of Agriculture and allied
departments.
5.2 Agriculture Mechanization:-
 Agriculture holdings are small and marginal in nature, therefore advanced mechanized
farming practices can not be implemented.
 Inadequate implement testing facilities in the state.
 Lack of skill development facilities.
 Lack of fabrication units and facilities at rural level to facilitate farmers.
 Inadequate repairing facilities in rural areas for tractor and implements.
5.3 Animal Husbandry :-
 Acute shortage of green fodder and silage.
 Diminishing pasture and grazing lands.
 Infertility problems specially in cross breed animals.
 Lack of animal treatment centers.
 Inadequate net work of Dairy Network in the state.
 Inadequate facilities for processing and milk chilling plants

 Lack of marketing infrastructure for dairy products.
5.4 Horticulture:-
 Inadequate storage facilities for perishable and non perishable horticulture produce.
 Lack of training facilities for extension functionaries and farmers.
 Lack of marketing network and cold storage.
 Lack of seed production technology and nursery infrastructure required for seed and
planting material production.
 Lack of advance production related infrastructure.
5.5 Fishery :-
 Improvement of processing infrastructure facilities
 Development of cold / refrigerated / insulated transport facilities
 Development of retailing services and retail points
 Provision of fishing gadgets at subsidized prices
 Lack of training facilities to fish farmers.
 Strengthening infrastructural facilities for fish landing
 Reduction of post-harvest losses
 Encouragement of integrated fish farming, cage farming and several leg fish Farming
and Production of artificial reefs
 Lack of adequate and appropriate infrastructural facilities in catching and landing
 Seasonal water availability in the inland water bodies and Inadequate marketing
infrastructure including retail outlets.
5.6 Cooperative:-
 Inadequate funds availability for Strengthening of infrastructure facilities for PACS.
 Inadequate storage facilities for food grain procurement.
 Inadequate funds availability for the strengthening of FPO/FPC in the regular budget.
 inadequate funds availability for other infrastructures.

Chapter- VI
ON GOING SCHEMES AND INTERVENTIONS REQUIRED FOR
INFRASTRUCTURE
6.1 Agriculture:-
6.1.1 On-going Schemes
The different broad based schemes having latest trend of interventions are being implemented
with Centre and State finances and assistance. The following listed Missions & Schemes are
implemented for increasing productivity of different crops and cropping system. The subsidies
and other benefits included in these Missions & schemes are passed on to the farmers for
achieving the trend of higher productivity
The schemes sponsored by the State and Central Governments as implemented by the
Department of Agriculture in Madhya Pradesh are given in below.
Centre Sponsored Schemes and Missions
1. National Food Security Mission comprising rice, wheat and pulses(mfsm)
2. National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)
3. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas yojana (RKVY)
4. Bundelkhand Drought Mitigation Package
5. National Mission on sustainable Agriculture
6. Sub Mission on Rain fed area development
7. Sub mission on soil health Management
8. Sub Mission on Farm water Management
9. Mini Mission on Technology on cotton
10. Mission on climate change and sustainable agriculture monitoring modelling and net
work
11. National Mission on Agriculture extension and technology (NMAET)
12. Sub Mission on agriculture Extension ( ATMA)
13. Seed Village Schemes
14. National e governance Plan
15. Sub Mission on seed planting material
16. National Agriculture Development Yojana (RKVY )
17. Drilling of Tube wells
18. Subsidy on Certified Seed Distribution
19. Assistance By Agriculture Department to Patta Dharak Schedule Tribes cultivators
20. National Project on Organic Farming .
21. National e- governance Project in Agriculture
22. Strengthening and Infrastructure Development of SEED Sector
The Schemes under State Sector
1. Balram Tal Yojana
2. Minor Irrigation (Tube well)
3. Soil Health Card

4. Subsidy on Bullock cart
5. Information & Communication support Agriculture Production Program
6. Information Technology in Agriculture
7. Suraj Dhara Schme
8. Annpurna Yojana
9. National Agriculture Insurance Scheme
10. Strengthening Of Machine Tractor Station
11. Staff Training for Agriculture Engineering Directorate
12. Subsidy on Bullock cart.
13. .Chief Minister Farmer Trith Yojona
14. Participation of women in Madhya Pradesh Agriculture (Mapwa)
15. Mera khet-meri Mati Up- yojana
16. Mukhya Mantri Kisan Videsh Addhyan yojana
17. .State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training(SIAET)
New Schemes
1. Organic cultivation in MP
2. New fertilizer & Seed Quality Laboratory
3. Project On Agro Climatic Zones of MP
4. State Micro Irrigation Mission
5. Krishi Mitra Training Programme
6. Kaushal Vikas Training Programme
7. Soil Health Card
8. Strengthening and Infrastructure Development of Seed Sector
9. Training Programme for Krishak Mitra
10.National e-Governance in Agriculture
11.Scheme for Promotion of Farm Mechanization
12.Interest & Compensation on Storage of Fertilizer
Special Programme
1. Schedule Cast and Schedule Tribes up yojana
2. Quality Improvement of inputs
3. Seed Quality Control
4. Fertilizers Quality Control
5. Pesticides Quality Control
6. Farm Development
7. Advance arrangements of fertilizers
8. Broadcasting of Hallo Gram Shaba
9. Publication of Technical Knowledge
10. Karmachari Kalyan Prakost
6.1.2 Interventions Required

6.1.2.1 Agriculture practices and crop productivity enhancement:-

Enhance production & productivity level to sustain high growth in Production;-
Production and productivity shall be enhanced through better soil health management,
strengthening the network for timely availability of inputs Integrated pest
management’ and Integrated nutrient management, with modernizing the extension
services with strategy for development of Mechanization for small farms Especial
emphasis for Integrated rice productivity improvement programme (IRPIP) and pulse
development
6.1.2.2Expanding the access of farmers for supply of Inputs by Cooperatives Societies which
are to be strengthened and professionally upgraded. The private sector participation is
to be enhanced with regulatory measures for assuring quality and assured after sales
services.
6.1.2.3 Strengthening of soil testing and pesticide testing laboratories
6.1.2.4 Integration of farmers and farmer groups in FOP and FPC for seed multiplication and
seed processing along with go downing.
6.1.2.5 Strengthening infrastructure facilities in State Seed Farm and departmental seed
producing farms.
6.1.2.6 Provision of community thrashing floor .
6.1.2.7 Strengthening of Parasite Breeding Stations.
6.1.2.8 Precision farming by sprinkler
6.1.2.9 Strengthening of seed , fertilizer, and pesticide testing laboratories
6.1.2.10Establishment of model farms to demonstrate latest technologies
6.1.2.11Developing Infrastructure for Transfer of technology and Human resource
development.
6.1.2.12 Establishment of Krishi Gyan Kendra and Farmers Resource centre in the state.
6.1.2.13 Up gradation of farmers training centers
6.1.2.14 Establishment of automatic weather stations
6.1.2.15 Establishing agri-clinics-cum-mini portable soil testing laboratories
6.1.2.16 Harnessing solar power .
6.1.2.17
6.2 Horticultural development
6.2.1 Establishment of cold storage unit for chillies & other perishable items.
6.2.2 Establishing and strengthening of Horticulture nursery .
6.2.3 Strengthening of small scale horticultural produce storage structure at rural level.
6.2.4 Establishing infrastructure for marketing network,
6.2.5 Provision of Poly Houses/ Net house structure;
6.2.6 Development Plan for existing nursery on modern lines
6.2.7 Installation of Solar energy Based Irrigation System
6.2.8 Development of Cold Storage Infrastructure
6.2.9 Distribution of Horticulture Inputs viz Plastic crates (Banana, & Vegetable
6.3 Agricultural Engineering
6.3.1 Interventions Recommended

6.3.1.1 Development and strengthening of rural infrastructure facilities in area of farm
mechanisation through creation of custom hiring centres rural workshop service
centres and skill development Training centres and providing incentive for establishing
facilities for mechanization activities
6.3.1.2 Establishment of high tech custom hiring system
6.3.1.3 Strengthening of departmental infrastructure for facilitating farmers.
6.3.1.4 Developing infrastructure for training and technology to farmers.
6.4 Animal Husbandry .
6.4.1. Ongoing Schemes of Animal Husbandry Sector
Livestock rearing is an important economic activity for the rural people. It generates more
value both economically and socially. The growth in human population, availability and cost of
agricultural lands, limited water sources and introduction of better yielding livestock have led
farmers to shift to some kind of livestock rearing to earn their livelihood. Hence to provide
employment, to enhance the participation of the poor in livestock rearing and as a part of
poverty alleviation programmes, the Department is implementing various livestock oriented
schemes.
The interventions by the department in the area are:
 Delivery of veterinary services and breeding support to livestock reared by farmers in
untapped areas by establishing Veterinary Units, thus utilising the services of
unemployed veterinary graduates
 Improving the quality in delivery of veterinary services and diagnosis by strengthening
the essential and needy infrastructure of veterinary institutions
 Utilising the high-yielding frozen semen straws for artificial insemination.
 Increasing the availability of green fodder by bringing more area under fodder
cultivation.
 Ensuring total health care and improving the conception rate by conducting Infertility
cum total health care camps and distribution of mineral mixture, and Improving the
know-how level of farmers on best animal husbandry practices / techniques by
conducting various information, education, communication.
6.4.2 Interventions Recommended
The interventions recommended are Automation of Milk processing Plants with larger
handling capacities. Development of infrastructure to achieve various aims.
 Strengthening of veterinary institutions with basic facilities
 Need conversion of District level veterinary Hospitals into Polyclinics
 Renovation of existing veterinary dispensaries
 Diseases Investigation with latest diagnostic Instruments
 Strengthening and expansion of Milk processing, milk drying, milk product
manufacturing and marketing network facilities
 Establishing of Quality Control Labs Solar Water Heating system at Dairy Plant and
Chilling centre
 Establishment of new and expansion of existing cattle feed plant capacities

 Establishment of new and revival of defunct milk cooperatives Automatic Milk
Collection Units, DPMCUs, Milk testing facilities at primary level milk cooperatives
 Installation of Bulk milk coolers and expansion of cold chain facilities
 Strengthening of training centres for milk farmers orientation
 Strengthening of buffaloes breeding farm
 Strengthening of pig breeding farms.
 PC based automatic milk collection stations to IDF villages / milk producers cooperative
societies and Semi intensive sheep / goat farming to improve meat production by SHGs
 Infrastructure improvement of veterinary institution
 Establishment of AIDU along with mobile veterinary diagnostic laboratories.
 Strengthening of infrastructure for sheep and goat at VC & RI, to distribute germ plasm
 Processing facilities for cattle and buffalo Milk and Mobile input units
 Strengthening of veterinary institution with basic facilities and Semi-intensive sheep /
goat farming to improve meat production by SHGs.
 Strengthening of Instruments & equipments with latest technology
 Establishment & strengthening of modern livestock farms.
 Strengthening of Production, storage & distribution system of LN2 to maintain the cold-
chain.
 Strengthening of Central Semen Station & Semen Banks.
 Development of infrastructure & necessary support for enhancing the milk production
through breeding & feeding & management.
 Strengthening & expansion of milk processing capacity of M.P.C.D.F.
6.5. Fisheries Sector
Interventions Recommended
 Repair and renovation of fish seed farm
 Creation of additional nursery space
 Developing Marketing Infrastructure for value added product
 Creating Infrastructure for Ornamental Fish Park
 Setting of modern retail outlet for fish and Supply of moped with ice box for fish
marketing
 Development of post harvest infrastructure in selected landing centres
 Artificial rocks and sustain / retain the existing infrastructure facility for aquaculture
 Repairs to existing rearing nurseries & government fish seed farms
 Infrastructure development for modern market
 Establishment of wholesale markets
 Development of market strategies for fish.
 Complete renovation of old department fish seed farm with infrastructure facility

CHAPTER – VII
FUNDS REQUIREMENT FOR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FIVE
YEAR PLAN PERIOD FROM 2012-13 TO 2016-17.
Madhya Pradesh with its large area enjoys diverse agro climate base and soil condition suitable
for increasing agriculture production and productivity of broad range of crops. Agriculture and
allied sector forms the backbone of state economy. The Planning lays emphasis not only on
economic growth but also on eliminating social, spatial and sectoral imbalances. Based on the
interventions recommended, strategies identified projects are formulated, many projects are
implemented, further planned to implement and thus projects are made viable for growth of
state economy on sustainable basis
7.1 Agriculture Sector
Based on the development issues identified, various projects both in the state and district
sectors have been identified and proposed in the State Agriculture Plan(2012-17) Madhya
Pradesh . The Infrastructure Development part has been depicted as State Agriculture
Infrastructure Development Plan. Further, these major recommended interventions have been
projectized in the form of action plans of the concerned CDAPs. A brief description of the
major interventions recommended is given below:
7.1.1 Upgradation of block offices as Krishi Gyan Kendras :- The office of the Senior
Agriculture Development Officer at every block level is the backbone of the department as all
the farmers always keep close contact with this office. from the beginning ,the responsibility of
publicity of various schemes has been entrusted to the block level extension functionaries .
Therefore it has been decided to upgrade this office in all 313 blocks with internet connectivity
along with a training hall and a separate hall for storing the various inputs to be distributed to
farmers. This office will work as a knowledge dissemination center.
7.1.2 Strengthening of Agriculture Extension & Training Centers :- There are 19 AETCs in the
state established at various locations. Each AETC covers approximately 2-3 districts to fulfill
the requirement of training of farmers and lower level extension functionaries. These centers
were established approximately 50 years ago ,therefore all are in a dilapidated condition.
Therefore it has been proposed to develop these centers with modern lodging and boarding
facilities along with IT training facilities.
7.1.3 Strengthening of old Soil Testing Labs :- there are 24 soil testing labs owned by
department and remaining are from Mandi board. All these labs need to be not only renovated
but also to be strengthened with respect to latest equipments. Therefore all labs have been
proposed to be strengthened from RKVY in 12th five year plan.
7.1.4 Construction of New Soil Testing Labs :- As GoI has declared the policy to distribute the
soil health card to each and every farmers , and the present capacity is not enough to prepare
such a huge soil health card. Therefore state government has decided to establish new soil
testing labs at every block H.Q. and also furnish it with latest equipments and required

furniture. As per the availability of funds in RKVY , the construction may be supplemented
from Mandi funds.
7.1.5 Strengthening of State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training (SIAET)
State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training (SIAET) , is not only a autonomous
training Institute but also a apex body in the Department of Farmer's welfare and Agriculture
Development to look after training and extension activities in the state. Though the building
infrastructure of the SIAET was almost completed in the year 1998 but it was properly
established in the year 2006, when GOMP has sanctioned 49 post in the institute on
11.05.2006. Later on looking to the need of departmental autonomous body to handle the
budget released by GOI in "Off Budget" Schemes , this institute has been declared as
Autonomous on 22.12.2007. Since than it is functioning as a Apex Training institute under the
department of FW&AD.
The mandates of the Institute in brief are as follows;
 To prepare HRD plan for the officers and extension functionaries of various line
department under Agriculture Consortium.
 To organize state level workshops, Seminars and conferences.
 To prepare latest literature for extension functionaries and farmers along with
preparation of CD's and documentaries.
 To conduct impact assessment studies and periodical evaluation of various schemes
being implemented in the department.
 To participate on behalf of state department In the National level workshops and
seminars etc.
 To facilitate and work as knowledge centre through KCC.
 To implement state level activities under ATMA and other Off Budget schemes.
 To act as a Financial Hub for all Off Budget schemes.
 To coordinate with all leading training institutes in the country, MANAGE and GOI.
 To run post Graduate Diploma in Agriculture Extension Management (PGDAEM) and
Diploma in Agriculture Extension services for input dealers financed by GOI.
 Since the theme of constructing this training institute was developed in the year 1992
and accordingly as per the then need the required infrastructure was developed, later
on when this institute became autonomous the outcome expected from it became
much larger than it was thought upon during 1990s. As per the mandate of the
institute , it was not only required to cater many more trainings at a time but as this
institute also became a financial hub for all GOI supported "off Budget '' schemes ,
more staff was required for the smooth functioning of all such schemes.
Simultaneously PGDAEM and DEASI programme have also started from 2008-09 in the
institute. To fulfil the emerging demand it was badly required to strengthen the
present infrastructure by creating more space for trainees in the hostel, more class
rooms, and better congenial & learning atmosphere for trainees, along with a specious
and big auditorium so as to accommodate 300 to 400 people for state level
conferences.

7.1.6 Strengthening of old, and construction with refurbishment of new Seed Testing
laboratory :- In order to make available the quality seed to farmers additional (Laboratories)
are being established in all the nine divisions.
In order to provide high quality seed of standard level , presently there are 4 seed quality
control testing labs are working, 2 of which are seed certification agencies & one is of Oilseed
Corporation. Departmental lab at Gwalior is being strengthened in view more sample are
coming for quality check under seed Act 1966. State Government has decided to establish at
least one lab at every divisional headquarter . Therefore along with the strengthening of old
Lab 9 labs will be constructed with all necessary equipment and furniture etc.
7.1.7 Strengthening of old , and construction with refurbishment of new fertilizer testing
labs:-
The Farmers must get the quality fertilizer for getting higher yields from their fields .In
Madhya Pradesh, about 25-30 lakh met. Tons of fertilizer is distributed every year. There are 4
fertilizers testing laboratories for analyzing fertilizer samples. There are located at Bhopal,
Indore, Jabalpur & Gwalior and about 6000-8000 samples of fertilizer are tested here every
year. But four Testing laboratories are not sufficient for such large number of samples. Six
more Laboratories for quality testing of Fertiliser is being established at Hosangabad, Ujjain,
Reva, Shahdol, Murena, Sagar.
7.1.8 Strengthening of Seed Producing Government farms :- There are 48 seed farms in
M.P., owned by the State Government, which are basically meant for producing breeder to
foundation seeds in large quantities. To maintain the quality of these farms, it is required to
provide some inputs on technological up-gradation related to equipments and machines, etc.
This will support in effective transfer of technology. The up gradation will be taken up in
phased manner, initially 30 Farms and 10 thereafter. Numbers of tube wells, dug wells, Water
tanks, stop dams along with irrigation equipments and infrastructure will be developed to
provide better irrigation facilities for the seed production. Inputs related to better farm
mechanization will also be provided to develop model farms.
The activities that will be taken up includes:
 Development of Irrigation Source (digging tube wells, Tanks for Deepening, water
harvesting tanks, etc.)
 Irrigation Equipment (such as Sprinklers, meter pipeline, submersible pump sets, Mono
block Electric, Rain gun, Diesel pump etc. will be provided as equipments for irrigation.)
 Improved Farm Machinery (such as Threshers, air blaster, Rotavators, Seed cum
Fertilizer drills, reaper Cult. & leveller will be provided on different Seed producing
farms for mechanization. )
 Infrastructure Facility (Like Threshing Floors, Machinery shed, straw Godown, Fencing,
Tractor shed etc on these farms.) Project for Establishment of seed grader Seed
godown of 100 mt capacity on 25 farms may be initiated
7.1.9 Construction of Agri- Solution centers :- This project is basically made for Agriculture
Marketing Federation (Markfed) of tha state , who has been assigned the work of food grain
procurement along with other agencies. As Markfed does not have enough storage capacity ,

therefore with the help of this project not only storage capacity will be created but, also
farmers will be facilitated to purchase other inputs from the shops made as a integral part of
Agri Solution Centers. Markfed has made the plan in such a way so that in various location in
each districts this structure can be made.
7.1.10 strengthening of Seed Testing lab of State Seed Certification Agency :- State Seed
Certification Agency has the responsibility of certifying the seed produced by various farmers
as well as agencies. The agency has proposed the project to develop the efficiency of certifying
the seed. The agency will develop as many Lab as required in proportion to seed produced.
7.1.11 Research related Infrastructure Projects under JNKVV, Jabalpur and RVSKVV,
Gwalior:-
The Madhya Pradesh has two Agriculture university in the state . one is established at Jabalpur
and another is at Gwalior. Both the SAU are entrusted the responsibility of not only producing
the quality seed but also to conduct various operational research programme to facilitate the
farmers and extension functionaries of the state. The Director Research services of both the
SAU are responsible for the preparation of RKVY projects and put them before the SLSC for
approval. The provisional has been made in the SAIDP to create all necessary infrastructure in
both the SAU.
7.1.12 Infrastructure related projects of State Seed and farm Vikas Nigam :-
The Scheme is formulated for creation of infrastructure facilities relating to seed cleaning,
grading, processing, seed treating, packaging and storage with the Beej Nigam. This assistance
is primarily for low value and high volume seeds. M P state Seed & farm Dev Corporation is
the nodal agency for implementation of this scheme. In order to establish/strengthen
infrastructure facilities for production and distribution of quality seeds, assistance for creating
facilities of seed cleaning, grading, processing, packing and seed storage is provided.
Assistance for strengthening of the existing sanctions of seed corporation with respect to
above mentioned infrastructure is also considered .
The States Corporation has the flexibility to establish/strengthen seed processing plants of the
required capacity/capacities as assessed by them
This Scheme for supply of seed and planting material to the Beej Nigams’ is being
implemented for multiplication of high yielding certified/quality seeds of all crops and
subsequently supply of quality seed to the farmers. Although the existing scheme has
contributed in doubling the availability of certified seed It will improve the availability of
quality seeds to the farmers and at a reasonable price in a time bound manner
Project for Development of Beej Nigam Farms and Processing Plants.
 The Nigam has its own farms 40 in number having a total area of 2798 hectares out of
which 2043 hectares is cultivable. In the farms a lot of infrastructure developmental
work has been carried out in last three years. The Nigam farms are equipped with new
irrigation facilities like sprinklers and other farm equipments of latest technology. The
Nigam mostly uses its farm for multiplication of Breeder seed into foundation seed
.Seed processing plants are equipped with grading machines but need is there for up
gradation of these units for successful cleaning & grading operations.

 This will assist in providing certified seed to Farmers
 Projects formulated for Further strengthening the seed processing facilities and
establishment of seed storage godown with Dehumidified Refrigerated seed Storage
innovation
 Project for MP Seed certification Agency development and certification infrastructure
may be initiated for making available certified seed to small /marginal farmers at
subsidised rates for enhancing the productivity of crops and their betterment
7.1.13 Strengthening of state level monitoring cell for RKVY :- The guideline of RKVY
reveals that DFW&AD is the nodal department for implementation of RKVY in the state. The
projects sanctioned in the RKVY are connected with various sections of directorate. Therefore
to make the working more congenial this provisional has been proposed for 12th five year plan
as and when required.
7.1.14 Infrastructure related project of Beej Sangh:- Beej Sangh has been developed by the
state government as a apex body of various seed growing societies registered in the state. As
seed is a vital factor for increasing production and productivity in the state, the beej sangh
requires the necessary infrastructure to run the activities assigned to them. The project of Beej
Sangh will be approved during 12th five year plan period as and when required.
7.1.15 Strengthening opf Insecticide Testing Lab :-
Central and State Government are making concerted efforts to ensure timely availability
of quality pesticide to the farming community. For this purpose, there is a need for effective
implementation of the provisions of the Insecticide Act, 1968 and the Rules framed there
under and therefore state govt. has setup a new Insecticide Quality control laboratory at
Obedullaganj, Raisen with a view to extend the facility of quality testing of pesticide in
Madhya Pradesh..
Presently , there is only one Laboratory in the state for monitoring the quality of pesticide
with a capacity to analyze about 1500 samples per annum .Keeping in view of manufacturing
/ formulating units and about 8000 MT of total pesticide consumption in the state ,present
set up of one laboratory for monitoring the quality status of pesticide is inadequate. Therefore
the setting and establishment of new pesticide testing laboratory is required to enhance the
analysis facility of pesticide in state considering the number of licenses issued to
manufacturer/ formulators/ distributors/sale points as per the Insecticide Act 1968 and the
rules framed there under.
7.1.16 Construction of grain storage godown under cooperative:- As the cooperative
department has the responsibility of procuring the food grain in both the season, it was a felt
need of the department to create storage capacity . During 2011-12 it was analysed that gap
between quantum to be procured and storage capacity was huge . Therefore Honarable Chief
minister has announced that special project should be sanctioned under RKVY for 12th five
year plan period to fulfill the need .Therefore provision has been made to create such
infrastructure in the state through Cooperative Department.
7.1.17 Solar Energy based Infrastructure :- Now a day the use of Solar power is a felt need of
all the state as electrical power generation through Irrigation dams is becoming uncertain due

to climate change. Therefore to cop up the need of energy sufficient provision has been
proposed in the plan . This funds will be used in consultation of Energy department.
7.1.18 Construction and Furnishing of Pesticide Residue Lab :-
the mandate of the laboratory is to study pesticide residues in food, feed and environmental
samples, metabolism of pesticides in plants, insects and soil and mechanism of insecticide
resistance to insecticides. The laboratory may also develop standardization of analytical
methodology for newer pesticides; It provides analysis facilities to all agencies who are to
presenting their proposals for approved for recommendation to the farming community as
per norms set by the Government for betterment of farming community. This project may
supervised field trials carried out to study the persistence of pesticides on different crops
.based on the data obtained, waiting periods are to worked out for the safety of consumers.
The data generated in these trials may also be useful for the National Regulatory Authorities
to take appropriate decisions regarding safe use of pesticides in the country, Similarly project
on Pest management & pesticide quality control comprising of laboratory for production of bio
control agents, State pesticide testing units and Eco pesticide testing lab may be formulated.
1.00. Mobilization of Field Staff under RKVY Program RKVY Program is being implemented in
the state and for covering the areas under this Program; the mobilization factor plays a very
vital role. The topography of the M.P is un dilative, vast and department resources for
mobilization are restricted and scanty.
There can be a scope to use the vehicles for mobilization but these are not available
everywhere and every time. To give boost to this Program, provision is proposed to hire
vehicles as and when required. Accordingly, provision to hire vehicles is being made.
7.1.19 Construction and Furnishing of Post Entry quarantine Lab :-
Plant Quarantine regulatory measures are operative through the ‘Destructive Insects & Pests
Act, 1914 (Act 2 of 1914) in the country. The purpose and intent of this Act is to prevent the
introduction of any insect, fungus or other pest, which is or may be destructive to crops. The
import of agricultural commodities is presently regulated through the Plant Quarantine
(Regulation of Import into India) Order, 2003 the provisions of New Policy on Seed
Development, 1988. Further, the significance of Plant Quarantine has increased in view of
Globalization and liberalization in International trade of plants and plant material in the wake
of Sanitary and Phyto sanitary (SPS) Agreement under WTO. The phytosanitary certification of
agricultural commodities being exported is also undertaken as per International Plant
Protection Convention (IPPC), 1951.
 In line with the New Policy on Seed Development, 1988 and the provisions of PQ Order,
2003, the specified planting material for propagation (viz., cuttings, saplings, bud
woods, etc.) require growing under Post Entry Quarantine (PEQ) for a specified period.
The import permit for such planting material is granted based on a certificate from
Designated
 Inspection Authorities of the concerned jurisdiction stating that the importer possesses
the post entry quarantine facility for the imported planting material. Such
consignments are released with the intimation to the concerned Inspection Authorities

for conducting further PEQ inspections and the final clearance is granted based on the
PEQ Inspection Report. The pest risk analysis is mandatory for all the plants/plant
material prior to its import into India as per PQ Order, 2003. The risk of exotic pests
and diseases is minimized by identifying the potential pests which can get into the
country with the specified commodity and seeking export certification for their
freedom/pest free area status, etc. from the exporting country. Inspection of
agricultural commodities meant for export as per the requirements of importing
countries under International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) 1951 of FAO which’s
now replaced by revised text of IPPC as per the model certificates prescribed under
IPPC and issue Phytosanitary Certificate. The export inspections are carried out to
facilitate certification of exportable plants and plant material as per the requirement of
importing country in line with the above Convention. The export inspections involves
sampling and detailed laboratory tests in case of seeds and planting material for
propagation whereas visual examination with hand lens and washing tests, etc are
carried out for plant material meant for consumption. The export inspections are
conducted at exporters’ premises also to facilitate exports for agricultural commodities
meant for consumption.
7.1.20 Establishment of Farmers Resource Centers :- As already stated in the previous pages
that department has 48 seed producing farms . To make full utilization of these farms as a
modal for the farmers , it has been thought that these farms and office of the SDO or ASCO ,
where farmers are frequently visiting should be developed as farmers resource centers.
Therefore sufficient provision of funds has been made in the plan.
7.1.21 Construction and furnishing of Advance Communication Center at JNKVV campus:-
 The Project for the Centre for Knowledge Communication develops advanced
technology to improve teaching and learning in agriculture sciences. Current focus is on
the psychology of human learning, strategies for effective teaching, and the dynamics
of human-machine interactions. Researchers build computer systems that encode a
deep understanding of effectively train, explain and advise to the farmers/users.
Extended multimedia capabilities which are integrated with knowledge about the
Farmer/user, domain and dialogue to produce real-time performance support and on-
demand advisory and tutoring systems. The tutoring systems use intelligent interfaces,
inter facing mechanisms, cognitive models and modifiable software to improve a
computer's communicative abilities. These systems have been tested with learners,
trainers and other client bases, deployed in Agriculture and allied sector
 Knowledge Centre focuses on knowledge generation, information gathering, analyzing
and dissemination of them in order to create meaningful change in the favour of poor
and marginalized people. We employ following strategy to achieve above.
 The Agriculture Knowledge Centre provides agriculture information and advice to
farmers, and the agriculture industry on topics ranging from crop and livestock
production to new research and technology, government programs and services, and
farm business management.

 A toll free line puts you in touch with resource agents and specialists who are
knowledgeable about the agriculture industry, and who are linked to regional and
provincial specialists from across the Ministry of Agriculture. The Agriculture
Knowledge Centre is committed to providing expert technical information and
excellence in client service delivered by friendly and experienced staff.
7.1.22 Projects related to Infrastructure for other Research Institutes to be established in
MP:-
This provision has been made to support advanced research through other than SAUs centers
in the state. As it very much likely that many renounced Research Organizations are opening
their outlets in MP. Therefore if all such institutions are found in line with RKVY guideline than,
they will also be supplemented by RKVY funds.
7.1.23 Any other Infrastructure required to increase the efficiency of the Agriculture
functionaries in the State:-
As it is well known fact that five year plan is always a plan which can be deviated at any point
of time similarly , any other need can also be generated during the course of plan period . To
take care of such need this provision has been made in the plan.
7.1.24 Any other infrastructure required to constructed for the other line department for
which funds are being transferred from Agriculture budget.:-
The Cooperated department, Forest Department, Sericulture Department , etc are getting
funds for their projects from the budget of Agriculture department , therefore in anticipation
of future requirement this provision has been made in the plan.
7.1.25 Distribution of Sprinkler, Drip, Pipe Line and other assets to famers on subsidy :-
Department of FW&AD is facilitating farmers by the distribution of Sprinklers, Drip Sets, Pipe
Line Set, Rain Gun, Diesel & Electric Pump Sets, on Subsidy. This Programme will continue in
RKVY for 12th five years plan also.
7.1.26 Creation of Irrigation Resources on Govt. & Private lands.
Irrigation is proved to be a vital Input for enhancing agriculture productivity. Though WRD is
working hard to create additional irrigation capacity, but still irrigation in flot lands is
depending on locally made small irrigation structure on small Nala/tributaries. Similarly Tube
well & Dug Well also supplement Irrigation, but at present digging of these structure are also
becoming costly affair. Therefore many farmers can not afford it.
Looking to the importance of creating irrigation resources it has been planned to construct
Minor Irrigation Tank & percolation tank on project cost. Similarly Tube well & Dug wells are
also being distributed on Subsidy to the farmers.
7.1.27 Saving of Crop due to interference of wild animals by using Solar power :-
Damage of crop by wild animals particularly in the villages situated near by National Park/tiger
Reserves. The damage of crop is quite high in M.P. Therefore it has been proposed to create
provision in 12th five year plan under RKVY.
7.1.28 Saving of electricity by the use of Solar Power :-
Normally farmers are using diesel and electric pumps to lift the water from its source for
saving the electrical energy & reducing air pollution the solar water pumps are being

introduced for 12th plan. Period on Subsidy the rate of Subsidy will not be more than 50% as
per RKVY Norms.
7.2 Agriculture Mechanization :-
7.2.1 Development of Haldhar Sewa Kendra :- The ministry of Agriculture GoI is pressing
hard to motivate the farmers to use the farm implements and machines. GoI has also started
Sub Mission on Agriculture Mechanization in the state. The requirement which could not be
fulfilled from the mission funds , will be met from the RKVY funds. To facilitate the farmers
regarding use of latest agriculture implements GoMP has planed to establish Haldhar Sewa
Kendra in various part of the state.
7.2.2 Development of Hi-Tech Training Centers :-

These are being established in every districts of the state. In these centers farmers as well as
field functioneries will be trained to use latest and advanced agriculture implements and
machines.
7.2.3 Strengthening of Agriculture Engineering workshops :- Directorate of Agriculture
engineering has their 32 mechanized workshops in the state . It has been decided to develop
all these workshops with all latest implements and tools to provide best and all time services
to farmers . These workshops will be facilitated by renovation of building infrastructure , IT
facilities and training facilities at each workshop.
7.2.4 Strengthening of Directorate and its field units :- As directorate has its own building
therefore to create congenial working atmosphere in the office and its field units development
works would be taken up to facilitate the functionaries . The separate projects will be
developed as per the requirement during 12th plan period.
7.2.5 Agricultural Machinery Custom Hiring Centres (CHC):_Indian agriculture is undergoing
a gradual shift from dependence on human power and animal power to mechanical power
because increasing cost for upkeep of animal and growing scarcity of human labour. Further,
use of mechanical power has a direct bearing on the productivity of crops apart from reducing
the drudgery and facilitating timeliness of agricultural operations. Thus there is a strong need
for taking farm mechanization.
Objectives:  To make available various farm machinery / equipments to small and marginal
farmers  To offset the adverse economies of scale due to high cost of individual ownership 
To improve mechanization in places with low farm power availability  To provide hiring
services for various agricultural machinery/implements applied for different operations.  To
expand mechanized activities during cropping seasons in large areas especially in small and
marginal holdings.  To provide hiring services for various high value crop specific machines
applied for different operations.
Custom Hiring Centres CHCs are basically a unit comprising a set of farm machinery,
implements and equipment meant for custom hiring by farmers. Though certain implements
and equipment are crop specific, the traction units like tractors, power tillers etc., and self-
propelled machinery like combine harvesters etc., are used in common. Therefore, an ideal
model envisaged in this project comprise farm machinery that are commonly used for tillage
operations for all crops, multi crop equipment and a minimum of crop specific machinery
,Another set of equipment and machinery can b included as pt the progress of work continued
Provision of a workshop shed may be made for parking the machinery, carryout day-today
repair, maintenance and service works .Budget .for publicity may also be included in the
project

7.3 Animal Husbandry Sector:-
Depending on the development issues identified, the policy has been opted and hence the
specific interventions have been recommended for the development of Animal Husbandry
Sector, as detailed below. These major recommended interventions have been projectized in
the action plans of the CDAPs. A brief description on the Progress, existing & major
interventions, recommended is given below:
1. Strengthening of Districts and Block level Veterinary Hospital;- The efforts for animal
Health services are listed below
( Number in lakh )
Sr Item 2010-2011 1011-2012
No
1 Animal Treatment 47.42 64.13
2 Medicine Distribution 38.12 41.25
3 Immunization (TIKAKARAN) 120.23 118.03
4 Testing of Samples 3.44 3.45
Source Administrative Reporting Animal Husbandry adept Go MP 2012-2013
This shows that the veterinary assistance in increasing year to year basis. In last two decades
the advancement in the field of biomedical engineering has been adopted in veterinary field
and various sophisticated diagnostic and clinical instrument and technologies, such as
radiography, ultrasound, laser therapy, electro & echo cardiography, polymers chain reaction,
cell culture ,fluorescent microscopy have become a routine not only in the western world but
also in some of the states of India. However due to lack of these instruments students of
veterinary college are not keeping pace with their contemporaries. This needs to equip and
Strengthening of Districts and Block level Veterinary Hospital and services in phased manner A
project formulation will assist the welfare of animal wealth by some interventions as .
 Strengthening of various faculty laboratories with making available equipments for
veterinary anatomy, veterinary physiology, veterinary pharmacology, veterinary
microbiology, veterinary physiology, veterinary proctology, veterinary pathology,
veterinary public health, veterinary surgery & radiology, animal genetics & breeding etc.
 Purchase of various laboratory equipment for various faculty of veterinary college.
This project will be implementing by Dean of respective veterinary college. The overall
outcome of all this infrastructure will improve the quality of veterinary
teaching which will in future make improvement in the health and production of livestock
sector.
2 Establishment of Milk Chilling Centre at Damoh
At present there is no dairy cooperative societies in Damoh district for collection of milk from
Pashupalak. The survey is going on and there is possibility of organise the dairy cooperative
societies to collect the milk from farmer. For this milk there is necessity of milk chilling centre
to store and prevent the detoriation of milk.

 Establishment of milk chilling centre, building and necessary equipment for milk
chilling.
 Building for milk chilling centre including store.
 Equipment for milk chilling centre
 Milk chilling Unit.
 Weighing machine
 Milk cans
 Milk Storage Tanks
 Other equipment for milk chilling
3. Establishment of Milk Testing lab at Gwalior

Due to seasonal variation it is normal phenomena during summer, the milk production reduce
upto 40% of the milk production in flush season. Still the 80% of milk production is in the hand
of unorganised dairy sector. This unorganised dairy sector fulfilled the demand of milk and
milk product by opting several method of adulteration such as adding urea, mineral oil, animal
fat, colour paint, water and caustic soda which is dangerous for mankind.
To protect and ensure safety of human health care, there is urgent need to create
infrastructure facilities for testing of milk and milk product which is afford for sale for
consumption to human being.
There is a need of milk testing laboratory and equipment for this laboratory.
Component :
 Building.
 Centrally air conditioned plant.
 Milk & milk product testing lab equipments
 Chemical and microbiology instruments.
4 Introduction of new training programme and Strengthening of State level training

centre
There are three training centres in the state as follows-
State Level Training Centre, Bhopal
 Training Centre, Mandla
 Training Centre, Shivpuri
 First two training centres are exclusively for artificial insemination trainings, while for
practical training participants are sent to field veterinary institutions due to lack of
facilities for practical training in these training institutions.
 Various Skill Development Initiatives to provide training to people to develop skilled
manpower in various items of, animal husbandry may be formulated and making it
available to the community engaged in this sector

 Capacity building is one of the major issues to be taken up in the department. Despite
advances in the technology and concept of the development, orientation and
sensitization programmes have not been taken up in the department, especially that of
the machinery on the cutting edge. On the other hand, multiplicity in responsibilities in
the field of animal husbandry calls for different specialized trainings.
 Trained manpower available for better quality and cost effective service delivery.
 Effective implementation of departmental schemes.
 Existing training centres do not have the broad spectrum coverage of training needs
and require strengthening in order to expand the coverage. State level AI Training
centre will be taken up as a centre of excellence and other centres will be strengthen in
a specific stream. This will be done through out-sourcing identification of training
needs, designing training modules and involving resource persons. This training centre
will be useful foe in-house capacity building.
 Components of the project
 Strengthening infrastructure
 Designing Trainings and training modules
 Equipments and Furniture
 Strengthening Library
 Consultancy Fee
 Van for exposure visits
 Strengthening existing State Level AI Training Centre situated in Bhopal for overall
trainings in different fields of specialization. Coverage will be the whole state.
 Department of Animal Husbandry will be implementing this project.
5. Goat Breeding Farm :- Goat Breeding Farm :-Gwalior established with the following
details
Sr Name of the Govt Farm wise information
no Farm Establishment Breed Total animal Land
year Available Strength Available in
acre
1 Govt. Goat Breeding 1980 Jamanapari 380 312
Farm
Aron ( Gwalior)
Similarly Sheep breeding farms are available at the following Location
1 Govt, Sheep Breeding 1954 Hy Merino 69 141
Farm Basakhdi Kauridel
Mandsaur
2 Govt. Sheep Breeding 1975 Rambulet 175 3500
Farm
3 Govt. Sheep Breeding 1958 Rambulet 340 356
Farm Pandora Shivpuri Kauridel
4 Govt. Sheep Breeding 1980 Jamanapari 380 312
Farm Aron Gwalior
5

6. Establishment of Integrated organic Goat Breeding Farm, Kiratpur, Hoshangabad.

Madhya Pradesh is one of state which attained highest growth in goat population from 1997-
2003. The growth is M. P. state was 25.84% Whereas in India the growth the same period was
1.33%. Goat are mostly reared by schedule cast, schedule tribal and Backward population of
M.P. Nine district out of 48 district, contributes about 40% of goat population of the state
most of them are tribal district. M.P. state is developing as goat state, because (a) Short
Generation Interval, (b) Prolific Breeder, (c) Easy Marketing, (d) Gainful employment of about
184, 309 and 437 labour man days in small unit (1-8) medium (9-16) and large units.
Contribution of children & woman is upto 88-91% in all groups., & (e) ATM for poor people in
village.
The body weight of non-descript breed goat at the age of 1 year is 18-20 Kg. and the body
weight of other Indian breed, Jamunapari 36 Kg., Barbari 25 Kg., Sirohi 34 Kg., whereas in Boer
Goat 80 Kg. Male produced at the farm will be given to goat farmer for breed improvement.
Goat in Madhya Pradesh contributes Rs. 500 Crores to State GDP. By introducing breed
improvement programme and the contribution to state GDP will be increased & the profit to
farmer will also be increased by 25-30 percent.
 Farmers will be trained in Goat management.
 Cattle Breeding farm Kiratpur District Hosangabad has 200 Acres of uncultivable land,
where pesticides & chemicals has not been used for the feed & fodder, the same will
be grown in 100 acres of land, which is at present is uncultivable, which will be made
cultivable.
 For treatment Ayurvedic medicine will be used.
 Five Breeds of Goat – Jamunapari, Barbari, Jakrana, Sirohi & Boer will be maintained at
Cattle Breeding Farm, Kiratpur, District Hosangabad.
 In Madhya Pradesh 8 Lakh family are rearing goat. They all will get benefit of the
scheme. The goat of farmer will be improved & they will get more prices due to higher
body weight. The organized farmer will be able to sale the goat milk, thus increasing
their income.
7. Establishment of automated monitoring system
Department is implementing various schemes, programmes & routine activities. There is lack
of effective monitoring of the above said programmes. The reason for this is lack of timely
reporting, inaccuracy of data & incomplete data for compilation.
For timely reporting & accuracy of reports establishment of automated monitoring system is
required. For this software will be prepared in which data will be entered directly & reports
will be generated as per the requirement of the department. Following activity will be
undertaken for this -
 Development of data collecting formats.
 Development of Web enabled monitoring system.
 Component of Project:
 Development of data collecting formats.

 Web enabled software for monitoring system.
 Implementation Agency:;-For establishment of automated monitoring system formats
for collection of data will be prepared by the department. Based on these formats web
enabled software for generating reports will be developed by MP State Electronic
Development Corporation (MPSEDC). Complete project will be implemented by the
department.
8. Strengthening of Feed Analysis laboratory at Bhopal

The total productivity of the animal depends upon the quality of the feed which they have
been fed by the farmer. Most of the farmers purchase the feed from market which may be of
inferior quality. This type of inferior quality feed can be checked by strengthening of this Feed
Analysis laboratory.
9. Strengthening of laboratories, vety. Collages (Mhow & Jabalpur )

 In last two decades the advancement in the field of biomedical engineering has been
adopted in veterinary field and various sophisticated diagnostic and clinical instrument
and technologies, such as radiography, ultrasound, laser therapy, electro & echo
cardiography, polymers chain reaction, cell culture, fluorescent microscopy have
become a routine not only in the western world but also in some of the states of India.
However, due to lack of these instruments students of veterinary college are not
keeping pace with their contemporaries.
 Strengthening of various faculty laboratories like veterinary anatomy, veterinary
physiology, veterinary pharmacology, veterinary microbiology, veterinary physiology,
veterinary paracetology, veterinary pathology, veterinary public health, veterinary
surgery & radiology, animal genetics & breeding etc.
Projects undertaken;-Projects were undertaken by the Animal Husbandry Department from
the year 2012-16
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Projects undertaken During 2012-16

1 Conversion of district-level Veterinary Hospitals to Polyclinic
2 Expansion of Disease Investigation Facilities in M.P.
3 Establishment of New Integrated Livestock Development Centers
4 Small Holder Poultry egg production No. of Beneficiaries
5 Infertility eradication program in animal
6 Liquid nitrogen plant units at various stations
7 Solar Water Heating System at Indore, Ujjain, Gwalior & Jabalpur
8 Establishment of Quality Control Labs at Dairy Plants & Chilling Centers
9 Strengthening of Mandsaur Dairy Plant
10 Strengthening of Ratlam Dairy Plant
11 Strengthening of Milk Dairy Plant at Indore.
12 Establishment and certification of Advanced Animal feed Quality Testing Laboratory

13 Establishment of Indigenous Cattle Research Centre for Development of Panchgavya Products

14 Strengthening of Animal Biotechnology Centre for improvement of livestock in Madhya
Pradesh
15 Strengthening of Instrument and Equipment facilities at College of Veterinary Sc. And A.H., JBP
16 Establishment and certification of Advanced Animal feed Quality Testing Laboratory
17 Establishment of Advance Large Animal Clinic Cum Diagnostic Centre At Imalia Farm, Imalia,
Jabalpur
18 Survey Indicators of birth & mortality of cattle & buffalo under RKVY
19 A Study on disease incidence & prevalence in cattle and buffalos
20 Strengthen of Dairy Plant at Banmore (District Morena) (I)
21 Project on Establishment of Liquid Nitrogen Plant Units at various stations (I)
22 Conversion of district-level Veterinary Hospitals to Polyclinic
23 Expansion of Disease Investigation Facilities in MP (PG
24 Provision of Travis & Shed for Expansion of Vet. Services to Gram Panchayat Level. (I)
25 .Strengthening Of Poultry farms (PG)
26 Strengthening and Modernization of State Veterinary Hospital, Bhopal (I)
27 Up grading the local non-descript goat population using Sirohi and Barbari breeds of goat in
Narsingpur district of Madhya Pradesh” (PG)
28 .Establishment of Automatic Flavored milk filling line (Plastic Bottle) at Ujjain (I)
29 .Strengthening Livestock Farmers’ Residential Training Programmes (PG)
30 .Strengthening of Chindwara Dairy Plant (I)
31 .Strengthening of Jabalpur Dairy (I)
32 .Mass De worming PPR disease control and Nutritional enhancement programme for Sheep
and Goat in Bundelkhand region (PG)
33 .Production of high quality embryos by OPU-IVF technology for improving productivity and
conservation of indigenous breeds of cattle and buffalo (PG)
34 . Establishment of Cattle Feed Plant at Kiratpur Itarsi, Distt. Hoshangabad (I)
35 Strengthening of Milk Chilling Plant Multai by making milk-can free dock
36 Developing one Milk Can Free Route of Ujjain Dairy Dock through installation of Bulk Milk
Cooler
37 Developing Milk Can Free Raw Milk Reception Dock (RMRD) at Mandsaur Dairy plant through
installation of Bulk Milk Cooler
38 Expansion of Disease investigation facilities in M.P.
39 Upgrading the local non descript goat population using Sirohi and Barbari breeds of goat in
Narsinghpur district of MP
40 Strengthening of 5 Milk Chilling plants in Malivaya, Pachore, Silwani,
41 Milk Packing Station at Khandwa Chilling Station
42 Establishment of Nucleus Pig Farm
43 Automation of Bhopal Dairy Plant
10. Project for establishing Poly Clinics in all the district of MP & already established poly
clinics will be stream lined so as investigations with latest equipments and treatment facilities
can reached to the Pasu Palak living in tribal & remotest place

11. Project for Laboratories for Investigation of animal diseases may be established in the
entire district in MP
12. The production of semen liquid with GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) and
GLP(Good Laboratory Technique)would be produced in Institute of Animal Health & Veterinary
Biological. Mhow This Institute Is being Strengthened and modernized with focus on some
of the fundamental quality management issues as observed in such laboratories with aim to
build a service with ‘quality’ as its focus, These type of institutes are having incorporation of
quality resources (facilities, personnel, equipment), documentation management , control risk
management and the evaluation of service quality as key elements. Arrangement for cold
chain for storing and transportation of frozen Semen is to be made
13. The production of semen liquid with GMP;-The project formulated with the aims to
provide breeding, feeding and management services at the door steps of the dairy farmers in
the project area. These services will be provided through "Integrated Livestock Development
(ILD) Centers". Under this project new A.I. Centers will be proposed to developed. Each of
these A.I. centers will be operated by a local educated unemployed youth called as "GOPAL
"with the technical guidance of Veterinary Department.
14. Strengthening of newly established Veterinary Dispensaries
In the state livestock healthcare service delivery system is primarily institution based. Though
the services are needed to be delivered at the famers' door step, the facility to store biological
products, medicines, procurement and maintenance of equipments, place to perform surgical
/ gynaecological interventions need an institution. Similarly a place for farmers to contact the
veterinary health care personnel is highly required. Within the state it has been observed that
those places where there is comparatively higher density of veterinary institutions, the
services are rendered quickly to farmers and hence, these areas have become more productive
areas, over a period of time, as far as, livestock is concerned.
The livestock economy of our state is dominated by cattle followed by poultry, goats, buffalo's
pigs and lastly sheep. Almost every household in the state who has some access to cultivable
land owns cattle, although the productivity of different livestock species is abysmally low due
to several constraints. The actual production potential of the animals cannot be realized unless
they are protected against diseases and disease causing parasites can cause huge losses due to
morbidity and mortality resulting into loss of production. To avoid production losses, there
should be a well developed animal- health delivery system. Veterinary health care institutions
in the state include hospitals and polyclinics, dispensaries and mobile dispensaries. On an
average, there are 16,000 livestock units per veterinary institution and 31,000 livestock units
per veterinarian which is for more than the recommendations of National Agriculture
commission.
Due to the apparent shortfall in the number of veterinary institutions as compared to the
dependent livestock units, there arises the necessity to construct and start more number of
Veterinary Institution all over the state and, strengthen the existing veterinary institutes to
perform at full capacity. Priority is given for an area where public livestock service delivery

converges is poor and, those high potential areas where the demand lies for superior quality
services.
Land required to initiate and sustain the activity is available. Selections of 203 para vets
(Assistant Veterinary field Assistants) have been done and are inducted in AHD. Additional 385
parapets are likely to be selected and put in place in near future. The budgetary allocations
under AHD state plan is in a position to meet the requirement of medicines, vaccines and
projected recurring expenses. Assistance from ASCAD in diagnostic sector and from NPCBB in
Breed improvement sector can meet projected requirements in these sectors.
15. Establishment of Nucleus Pig Farm
Pig is one of the most popular animals among the tribal as they have been rearing these
animals since ages as a source of their subsidiary occupation or income. Madhya Pradesh is the
largest state in terms of tribal population. India is endowed with enormous livestock and
poultry wealth with variety of breeds of livestock and poultry constituting a rich and vital
resource for the country which may help in the alleviation of poverty and generation of
employment. The state is mostly dependent on agriculture without irrigation facilities. Most of
the land is infertile; unemployment problem is increasing day by day. The demand for meat
and meat products is also increasing. In coming decade the demand supply gap will be
accentuated. Pigs are neglected species of animal. The pig population in Madhya Pradesh is
175 thousand as per livestock census 2012 and the district Shivpuri of Madhya Pradesh has
high potential for pig rearing. Any new venture in pig breeding or in processing will get assured
success. The proposed venture therefore, is a step towards prosperity of farmers of the state.
The project aims at providing the improved germplasm for advanced pig farming to the
farmers of the state which will improve the socio-economic status of the rural and tribal
farmers, rural youth and women of Madhya Pradesh. The project will also improve the
nutritional status of people of the state through supply of high quality protein at lower cost.
The animals will attain maturity at 8 months of age and 2 furrowing can be practiced in a year.
Average litter size is 10 and farmer can earn income within 8-9 months. Females will be bred
to generate next generation piglets. (Average litter size at birth is 10 and 2 furrowing can be
practiced in each year as mentioned above.) The number of piglets born from 40 females will
be 400 per furrowing and in one year there will be two furrowing giving rise to 800 piglets per
year. These will be distributed to 200 beneficiaries in the ratio of two females and one male.
The rest of the piglets will be raised to replace the stock taking the mortality into
consideration. Pigs of 4-5 month age will be supplied to farmers as per the norms of Govt. of
India.
The farmers of the state will be provided with the improved germplasm. Training programs for
pig husbandry practices including pig breeding and rearing at the nucleus pig farm at the
Padora Farm, Shivpuri would in turn impart skill development. Receipts will be generated by
sale of pigs to the farmers, and other weaker sections of the rural areas. The project will help
the beneficiaries of the rural areas to increase the productive and reproductive efficiency of
pigs along with uplift of overall socio-economical status of the farmers of the state
Projects that can be funded under RKVY(Infrastructure & Assets) stream

15. Project for Semen collection& artificial Insemination;-
a)Present status,- For improvement of animal wealth and better breeding programme the
progress with Artificial Insemination units is as follows
Sr Particulars 2010-2011 2011-2012
No
1 Artificial Insemination 9.09 11.41
2 Fertilisation with Artificial Insemination 2.66 3.48
3 Natural Insemination 1.99 3.04
4 Fertilisation with Natural Insemination 0.84 1.40
5 Sterilization 3.82 5.81
The progress by artificial and natural insemination is showing a positive trend. This need
infrastructure addition which will provide much needed Artificial Insemination & veterinary
support services to all the dairy farmers in the project area. As mentioned the objective of the
project is to provide integrated services in breeding, feeding and animal management, in order
to create an appropriate economic and production environment to the dairy holders, who
have very poor access to the existing services. Moreover this will help in the internal
generation of dairy stock by dairy farmers. This would translate into more milk and more
income to the dairy farmers, thus meeting our objective of reducing malnutrition, alleviate
poverty and increased employment opportunities to the rural youth as Gopals.
15. Dairy
In the state the MP state Cooperative Dairy Federations is looking after the Dairy Development
in MP with three stage infrastructure development in cooperative sector, The Progress under
this sector as follows
Table Physical and Financial achievement under Cooperative Dairy Development Programme
Sr. no Particulars 2010-11 2011-12
1 `Active Milk Cooperative Societies 4116 4637
(Number)
2 Active Milk Cooperative Societies 176419 197374
Membership (Number)
3 Collection of Milk (Litre per Day ) 5.86,913 7,20,317
4 Marketing of Milk (Litre per Day 4,94,641 5,24,276
5 Marketing of Animal feed (Metric tonne) 77,999 94,977
6 Artificial Insemination (Number) 1,89,169 2,05,167
7 Payment to Milk Producers( Rs in Corer) 482.27 669.58
8 Collection from Milk Marketing( Rs in 728.17 915.90
Corer)
15.1 Milk Collection Centers & Infrastructure;-Automatic Milk Collection Station is a

specially designed integrated unit which is a combination of several units i.e. Milk Weighing
System, Electronic Milk Testing, Personal Computer with printer and battery.
The capacity of Automatic Milk Collection Stations is to analyse 120 to 150 samples per hour.
The sequence of operations require insertion of smart card/identity number, pouring of milk
in a weighing container, collection of milk samples at the time of pouring, measurement of fat
content and calculation of payment and printing of payment slip.

Since the process is simple, no technical collaboration is envisaged for the project, however
the Milk Unions/Private Dairy Plants would be providing guidance to the societies/collection
centres in purchase and installation of Automatic Milk Collection Stations and also training of
manpower in operations and maintenance. The equipment also helps the milk co- operatives /
milk collection centers in maintaining summary of milk collected and supplied together with
the rate on a daily, monthly and yearly basis. The Cost of Automatic Milk Collection Unit
( ) 127000/-
The Automatic Milk Collection Stations can be established with the following objectives.
 To increase the efficiency and accuracy of fat testing in milk. To test for other
constituents of milk like SNF%, Water % etc,.
 To reduce the staff of the society/collection centre through automation and economise
the operations by avoiding manual registers.
 To gain confidence of milk producers through transparent systems and thereby
increasing the milk procurement.
 Potential areas: Many of the milk processing plants in cooperative as well as private
sector introduced the Automatic Milk Collection Stations in their procurement
network. These stations can be financed in most of the societies/milk collection
centres where daily milk procurement is more than 350 litres.
Beneficiaries: These units can be established by the Milk Cooperative Societies of the
Cooperative Milk Union or Milk Collection Centre of private dairies. Alternatively individuals
also can be encouraged to set up these stations in tie up with organized dairies.
15.2 Purchase of Milking Machines (Single & Double Bucket) Milking Machine as
Portable is important equipments for today's dairy industry, it is widely used in small, medium
and large Dairy farms. Also personal use is more and more common. Milking machine consists
of vacuum pump, milk pulsator, electric motor, milk bucket etc. And the motor could be used
as electric motor, diesel motor and gasoline motor. Milking Machine Features with mobile
wheel, flexible and convenient to move the milk. Having Both operation and maintenance as
simple. motor to meet& use in different uses voltage Low noise and for high milk production.
Saving labor and improving economic of units. Unit cost may vary from Rs 9000to 15000 (US
$800-1500 for one Set))
15.3 Setting of Milk Chilling/Bulk Milk Cooling Centres The Bulk Milk Cooling Unit
comprises of bulk cooling tank with accessories, DG set, weighing machine, weighing bowl,
roller conveyor, can wash tub, Automatic Milk Collection Unit (AMCU), water storage tanks etc
with the capacity of Bulk Milk Cooling Units ranging from 500 to 10000 litres. The bulk milk
cooling centres with the following objectives can be established.
 To arrest bacterial growth, retain freshness and enhance the keeping quality of milk.
 To avoid economic losses to the producers due to spillage/sourage of milk.
 To make available quality milk for production of quality products for export as well as
to meet the domestic requirements.

 To reduce the transportation cost by regulating transportation of the milk on
alternative days or once in day for two collections and also through reduction in
expenditure on purchase and maintenance of cans.
 To ensure clean milk production
Potential areas: Bulk Milk Cooling Units are now taken up in all parts of the country. The
scheme has potential to finance in Operation Flood programme (OFP) and also In non- OFP
districts under Govt., private and cooperative sectors.
Beneficiaries: Village Milk Cooperative Societies of Cooperative Milk Unions or Milk Collection
Centres of private Dairies or. units. Producer Companies, SHG Federations, individuals in tie up
with private dairies can also take up the activity. The bulk cooling units are also considered as
part of large dairy farms and processing units. :
The capital cost varies with the capacity and the specifications of the Bulk Milk Coolers.
However, two models can be considered i.e. 2000 and 5000 litres capacity, whose unit costs
(approximate) may be Rs. 12.80 lakhs and 20.00 lakhs respectively.
Setting up /modernization/strengthening of milk processing units :-Organized dairy sector
(both cooperatives and private) is presently handling only 10-12 percent of total milk
production in the country. The target and achievements of milk production, procurement and
processing in cooperative sector indicates, there is a wide scope for processing of milk and
manufacture of E Export performance: Dairy products form one of the fastest growing
segments in the livestock product export. The major products exported are malted milk foods,
ghee and cheese (to some EXPORT POTENTIAL AND MARKEST;-
Bangladesh, United Arab Emirates, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Oman are the potential countries for
export of malted milk products, butter and ghee. The export of milk and milk products to
currently existing markets would increase to Rs.285 million and to new markets to Rs. 155
million. Thus the exports is likely to touch Rs.440 million (APEDA estimates) by the turn of the
century. The GATT agreement further gave a boost to the dairy industry, as India has a c 5.
The objective of these scheme is to enhance the keeping quality of milk and also to avoid
economic losses to farmers. For manufacturing various milk products to make it available for
the domestic market as well as for export markets. comparative cost advantage in regard to
milk production.
i).TYPE OF PROJECTS
The type of milk processing projects that are normally considered for financial assistance
are: Milk Chilling plants:
It involves collection of milk from the villages, chilling the milk to 3-4 degree Celsius and
transporting to the main dairy for further processing and manufacture of products;
ii). Market Milk Plants:
It involves procurement of milk from the villages, chilling, pasteurization, homogenization,
packing of milk of various brands (whole, standard, toned and double toned milk) and
supplying them to the consumers. The surplus fat is converted into ghee or table butter or sold
as cream to bakeries;

iii). Composite Milk Processing Plants:

The project involves the collection of milk and processing into market milk and products like
milk powder, cheese, butter, ghee, etc.
PC based Automatic Milk Collection Unit at Milk Collection Center:- PC based AMCU
comprises of Computer ,Bi-Lingual DudhGanga Software, Milk Analyzer ,Churner. Electronic
Weighing Scale, Digital Display, Printer, UPS, Batter, Splitter etc.
Milk is collected at the Milk Collection Centers (MCC) located in villages. Number of milk
farmers supply milk to these Milk Collection Centres. .PC based Automatic Milk Collection Unit
(PC based AMCU) that automates the milk collection process at Milk Collection Centers. The PC
based AMCU helps in improving the day-to-day activities at these Milk Collection Centers. It is
a complete milk collection setup in which the Weighing Scale & Milk Analyzer is integrated
with PC along with bi-lingual Dudh Ganga dairy management software
The purpose of PC based AMCU is to support the Milk Collection Centres for collecting better
quantity of quality milk in timely fashion. Reduced waiting period of farmers & elimination of
unfair practices are the results. Preparation of milk receipt & timely payments to farmer can
happen on shift basis with the use of DudhGanga software.
Working: Farmer brings milk in variety of containers and cans. At the MCC, a unique
identification number is given to each farmer. The operator enters the farmer code number in
the DudhGanga dairy software & takes a sample of milk for quality checking with Milk
Analyzer. It analyses parameters like FAT, SNF, added water & Temperature. The values are
automatically taken in the DudhGanga software and also displayed on the digital display to
farmer. Now Farmer pours milk into the Milk Can on weighting Scale. The weight is also
displayed on the Digital Display. It is also automatically taken into the DudhGanga software.
According to the rate chart basis, DudhGanga software calculates the milk rate & finally a
regional language receipt printout with all details is given to the farmer for the payments.
7.4 Horticulture Sector
Considering the development issues identified, the policy has been opted and the specific
interventions have been recommended for major horticulture crops, as detailed below. These
major recommended interventions have been projectized into action plans of the concerned
CDAPs. A brief description of the major interventions recommended is given below:
7.4.1 Infrastructure development in Seed production Farms

It is of utmost significance that there should be constant infrastructure development in the
farms belonging to the Directorate of Horticulture & Farm Forestry, Madhya Pradesh for
vegetable & spices seed production, so that improved services can be provided and fulfil the
state seed demand in different scheme. The infrastructure development will be done in the
farms, where seed production of potato and vegetables will be done. Observatory, improved
implements, testing machine, grading & packing machine etc will be provided.

7.4.2 Improvement of farms and nurseries

The Directorate of Horticulture & Farm Forestry, Madhya Pradesh is operating 307 nurseries in
the state. There is a constant demand being created in different schemes as well as scope for
open sale of fruit plants.
A scheme is being proposed for the development of nurseries. As per this scheme, a fixed
number of nurseries will be selected for development. It is intended to produce fruit plants to
fulfil the demand created in different schemes and for open sale.
7.4.3 Farmers Training Centre
Strong training infrastructure is current need in every district head quarter. So many training
activities are carried out round the year from different sources. Many schemes provide only
training expenses. Proper training infrastructure is not available at the district level. Due to
lack of suitable training programmes not prove effective.
 It is proposed that training infrastructure with training hall, hostel along with other
essential facilities a training centre should be established at every district.
 Some training centres in selected districts are proposed every year.
7.4.4. Project On Strengthening Of Bio-Fertilizer Plant And Adoption of New Technology For
Production Of Liquid Bio fertilizers (By Agro Industries Development Corporation)
Madhya Pradesh Government is pioneer in Organic farming and launching a separate policy to
support organic farming in the state very soon. Strengthening of Bio- Fertilizer Plant and
Adoption of New Technology for Production of Liquid Bio- Fertilizers will support the policy by
enhancing the availability of these bio-fertilizers in the state. Reducing the use of chemical
fertilizers will help the farmers in reducing the input cost along will reduction of huge amount
of subsidy bill on chemical fertilizers. In addition to these savings, use of bio-fertilizers may
also help in protecting the natural resources like soil and water by improving soil structure and
reducing water pollution.
 The existing plant which was established and whose production of bio-fertilizers were
commenced from the year 1986 the most of laboratory equipments and plant
machineries depreciation value has lessen down to zero and few are out of order and
cannot be repaired and that such equipments are far off from modern technologies.
Secondly that looking towards the awareness of organic farming amongst the farmers
of the state our plant needs expansion.
Strengthening of Bio- Fertilizer Plant and Adoption of New Technology for Production of
Liquid Bio- Fertilizers
 It is therefore proposed to consider this project for Strengthening of Bio- Fertilizer
Plant and Adoption of New Technology for Production of Liquid Bio- Fertilizers under
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY). The strengthening of existing plant is proposed
with a view of procuring equipments and plant machineries with recent technologies
which would replace the obsolete machines. This will increase the capacity and
qualitative production of the plant. Introduction of new technology will also support
the plant to produce the liquid bio-fertilizer in the state. Additional storage facilities,

for raw and finished product, with advanced and modern technology have been
proposed to facilitate the delivery mechanism of the products in the state.
 This project will be for a value of Rs. 450 lakhs..
7.4.5. Cold Storage
 Cold storage is a vital component in helping the farmers preserve their produce and sell
them in off season, hereby getting a better price. As per Norms of NHM construction
cost Rs. 6,000/- per M.T. An amount of Rs. 120 Lakhs or 40% subsidy is required for
construction of maximum 5,000 M.T. capacity of cold storage.
7.4.6. Establishment of Analytical Laboratories:- Suitable analytical laboratories need to be
established in the state to assess and evaluate the quality of inputs. Research and
development on upgrading compost quality, biomass production, bio-fertilizers and bio control
measures should be the mandates of all agricultural research centres in the country.
 These laboratories have the facility for INM/IPM infrastructure such as Disease Forecasting
units, Plant Health Clinics, Leaf Tissue Analysis Lab. and Bio control Laboratories.
7.4.7 Projects on Development of post harvest management viz grading, packaging Storage
and Marketing; - Projects of marketing opportunities and appropriate post harvest
management technological i.e. grading, packing, storage, transportation. Marketing of input
are to be encourage for maximizing benefit to farmers and to increase
present productivity – be formulated
7.4.8 Setting up of new cold storage infrastructure Pre cooling / Refrigerated Van, Cold chain
infrastructure etc; For the proper storage of Horti produce setting up of new cold storage
infrastructure ,with Pre cooling / Refrigerated Van is very productive Cold chain infrastructure
with multi-chamber cold storage units with technologies having energy efficient with provision
for thermal insulation, humidity control, advanced cooling systems, automation, etc., gives
longer storage to horticultural produce
7.4.9 Micro Irrigation :-
Drip Pine Line, and Rain guns are widely used to increase productivity in Horticultural crops.
Accordingly to the RKVY guideline these items will be distributed to the farmers on subsidy.
7.4.10 Pack House
 Generally 25-30 percent fruits and vegetables are lost during its post harvest handling.
This results in huge loss of revenue, which otherwise could have been earned and this
loss could have been curtailed
 There is a need to increase the number of multipurpose Pack houses The total capacity
of cold Storage facilities is over 7 lakh tonnes out of this , about more than 50% of total
capacity utilised by potato it self
 To reduce these losses, it is intended to establish pack houses in each districts in those
areas where fruits and vegetables are grown in large areas. These should be multi-
chamber cold storage units with technologies which are energy efficient with provision
for thermal insulation, humidity control, advanced cooling systems, automation, etc.,
having specifications and standards approved by Govt.

 An amount of Rs. 4.00 lakhs per pack house is being proposed for Govt Nursery & as
per NHM norms for farmers 50 % of capital cost or maximum Rs 2.00 lakhs Grant is
proposed.
7.4.11 Onion Storage
Lack of onion storage facility push farmers to sell their farm produce at minimum rate in peak
season consequently, they cannot increase their earnings. Even though, if they want to store
the crops produced, they do not have the facilities to protect onion from moisture and wet
conditions at large.
 The scheme is designed to provide facilities to the onion growers to store their produce in
storage house which will be installed as demonstrated at district head quarter nursery in
each district having a capacity of 50 M.T. each. Assistance will be provided 50% or
maximum Rs. 1.60 lakh and 25 MT capacities with assistance of Rs 0.80 lakhs to farmers for
the construction of onion storage Increasing earning of onion grower
Protect farmers crop at their farm level from wet and monsoon environments for the
coming year and assistance norms are fallowed as per MIDH guidelines Increase in
earning of Onion grower farmers. Protect farmers’ crop at district level from wet and
moisture environment
7.5 Fisheries Sector
Fisheries department is responsible for fisheries development and conservation the state, for
which the department has resolved to continue through the available resources. Waters
reservoirs, ponds and tanks are spread over 3.45 lakh hectares area in the state, from which
area under waters reservoirs is 2.88 million hectares and area under rural ponds and puddle is
0.57 million hectares. Total area of 3.36 million hectares has been brought under fish culture
which include 2.86 million hectares of water reservoirs and 0.50 million hectares of rural lakes
and ponds. From above mentioned area, 12 water reservoirs spread over 1.71 million hectares
have been transferred to Madhya Pradesh Fisheries Federation, 45 water reservoirs spread
over 0.134 million hectares are subject to the department and 2575 irrigation waters
reservoirs, spread over 0.89 million hectares with average of 1,000 hectares have been
transferred to Panchayat Raj Institutions as per order number 1548/2008/36 dated 08.10.2008
by Department of Fisheries, State government of Bhopal.
Depending on the development issues identified, the policy has been opted and hence the
specific interventions have been recommended for the development of Fisheries Sector, as
detailed below. Further, these major recommended interventions have been projectized in the
action plans of the CDAPs. A brief description on the Schemes & major interventions
recommended are given below:
A. Fish Seed Production:
Fish seed is the main input in fish culture. The fish production & productivity is largely depend
on quality fish seed stocking. The present available water area is 3.43 lakh hectare and out of
this3.35 lah ha. Water area has been brought under fish culture. Till the end of 11th Five Year
Plan, an additional 0.77 lakh hectare would be available for fish culture (3.74 lakh hectare total
availability of water area till the 11th Five Year Plan). The estimated requirement o the fish

seed in the State is 6100 lakh fry against the present fish seed production level of the state is
5235 lakh standard fry, It is obvious that the availability of quality fish seed in adequate
quantity is the essential for fish culture. To bridge the gap between requirement and
production, to the large extent the construction of new hatcheries, development of rearing
space, strengthening of existing fish farm, and renovation of rearing space is proposed to
utilize fish production infrastructure upto optimum level.
To get self sufficiency in fish seed production, there is proposal for strengthening of existing
resources, construction of hatcheries & new rearing area, renovation of existing farms in Govt.
sector. To promote fish seed production in the Private sector, there is proposal to develop four
rearing spaces in each of the district in the private sector.
To mitigate the regular power cut in the rural areas there is proposal to install Solar LED
Based Lighting System, Installation of Solar Energy System in selected fish seed production
units. To meet out the demand of Fish Seed, it is proposed to have; strengthening of Existing
Fish Farms and construction of additional rearing area of the Department as well as
Federation. Additionally it is also proposed to have development in the Private sector. Another
additional activity at be taken up is Installation of Solar Based Light System in Fish Farms.
B. Training
The Fisheries of M.P. State is promise to contribute a vital share in rural economy employment
generation upliftment of socially & economically ST/SC & backward class people , those are
earning their livelihood from fisheries activities and provide fish to the food basket.
The fish farmers are mostly illiterate and belongs backward class, due to lack of technical
know-how of fish culture practices, they are not getting optimum fish production from the
tanks. Previously fish culture training had been given under the centrally sponsored scheme.
The scheme stopped since 2009-10. Hence the training of fish culture proposed under the
RKVY scheme, for augmentation of fish production and productivity, to the beneficiaries of
FFDA. The water bodies (village ponds and tanks) are leased out to local fishermen for 10 years
lease, the bonefishes will be training in fish culture activities in the district. There is a condition
in Bank financing for concerning beneficiaries, they should be a trained in fish culture, so that
the 2500 fish farmers every year will be trained of different district under the scheme in the
year 2009 - 10, 2010-11 and 2011 - 12 . The expenditure will be Rs. 1100/- per fishermen for 10
days training programme. Total expenditure will be 27.50 lakh as per NABARD norms. these
trainings of FFDA beneficiaries will be conducted in the concerning district, who has taken
village pond / tanks for long term years lease. The training will be conducted at the fish seed
farm / reservoirs .
C. Development of Reservoirs/Fish Ponds
Reservoirs are large water bodies, in which mainly the capture cum culture techniques is
applied. The total available water area 3.43 lakh ha. is available for fish culture. out of which
2.87 lakh ha. water area in the reservoirs i.e. 82% so that the state fisheries mainly reservoirs.
Only the adequate quantity of quality seed can enhance the production and productivity of the
reservoirs . So that the fish seed stocking is limiting factor for the reservoirs development. The
present productivity reservoirs is 52 kg/ha/ryr. can be enhance up to the 100/kg/ha/yr.

Fisheries Policy of the state the power of water bodies, management and development given
to 3 Tier Panchayat by expanding the land area. Panchayat Raj bodies, detail are given below
Sl. Category of Water Bodies (in Management Authority
No. hectare)
1 0 - 10 Gram Sabha
2 > 10 – 100 Janpad Panchayat
3 > 100 – 2000 Zila Panchayat
4 Above 2000 M.P. Fisheries Federation
As the fisheries policy, reservoirs are the leased out to primary cooperative societies on
priority basis for 10 year lease. The proposal submitted @ 1000 fingerlings / ha ( 70 to 100
mm size ) the total areas will covered 42945 has out of which 1425 reservoirs of Janpad
Panchayat 39267 & 160 reservoirs of Zila Panchayat 43,678 ha and 9 reservoirs of M.P.
Fisheries Federation 1,72,618 ha. The total fish seed required 1043 lakh fingerlings. The
requirement of fish seed fingerlings of Department and Federation will be 828 lakh & 215 lakh
respectively .
As per the norms approved No .of Stocking Cost of Subsidy of

National Fisheries Development water in lakh the fish 50% in lakh
Board, , the cost of fingerlings will area seed in
be Rs. 1/ each , so that ,the total (ha.) lakh
cost of fish seed fingerlings is Rs.
1043 lakh .and as per the
proposed scheme maximum 50%
given as subsidy under the
scheme. The full amount of seed
procurement to the M.P. Fish
Federation
1 Department
Janpad. 39267 392 392 186
Zila Panchyat 43678 436 436 218
Total 85945 828 828 414
2 M.P. Federation 172216 215 215 215
Total of 1+2 2,55,563 1043 1043 629
Fish seed will be stocked in the Janpad Panchyat, Zila Panchyat & Federation reservoirs .The
seed will procured from Govt.& private fish seed farms. Fish Seed stocking in Reservoirs of
M.P. Fisheries Federation. There are 10 reservoirs under the jurisdiction of M.P. Fisheries
Federation to stock the fish seed in the reservoirs @ 500 fingerlings/ha . As per approval of
National Fisheries Development Board, the cost is Rs. 1/- per fingerling expenditure. The
total expenditure will be Rs. 215.00 lakh demanded in the year 2010-11.
d. Renovation of Pondi Fish Farm -
Fish seed production is the main input for Fisheries Development. Pond fish farm is an assets
to the Department of Fisheries. About 20% of the fish seed production, comes through this
farm. In order to enhance the fish seed production of farm, it needs and immediate earth work

& maintenance of farm. In this connection fencing, renovation and electrification work of
Pondi farm are proposed under RKVY Project. For this sum of Rs. 47.00 lakhs is an absolute
demand under this scheme for year 2008-09.
e. Establishment of hatchery for Magur and ornamental fish
The proposal on the establishment of hatchery for Magur, Prawn, Ornamental fishes,
Mahasheer and strengthening of training facilities for capacity building of Department of
Fisheries.
f. Establishment of Information, Training-cum-Research Centre -
The state is endowed with rich and varied expansion of water resources, including Rivers,
Village pond, tanks and Reservoirs. The fisheries activities in these water bodies are playing an
important role in rural economy. Fish culture is bound to increase the present and future
requirement of food, health and livelihood security, which can be addressed only by insuring
their sustainable use. The Department of Fisheries proposes to develop infrastructure for
technology transfer, solve the local problem, facing by fishermen through research unit, to
increase interest in fish and fishery to educate personnel and provide information regarding
Bio-Diversity to students of College and Universities. The proposal submitted to establishment
of Information, Training-cum-Research Centre
To develop the Human Resources Development a training centre is to be established. All the
above mention centre i.e. Information, Training-cum-Research Centre proposed to
establishment in one place with the financial assistance of RKVY.
g. Upgradation Of State Training Institute
State training institute established in the year 1961-62 at Nowgong Distt. Chhatarpur perform
the Asstt. Fisheries Officer & fisheries Inspector's 10 months training, also organized short
term oriented or refreshal course programme for department field officer and fishermen. The
head of the Training Institute i.e. Principal is Dy. Director of fisheries & senior Asstt. Director of
Fisheries are posted as lecture in the training institute. To provide hi-tech training and
effective fish culture programme, existing training institute need some upgradation.
h. Upgradation Of Research Unit
The State research unit situated at Patra Fish Seed Farm Bhopal The main purpose of research
unit is to investigate how to increase the fish productivity, how to control the fish disease and
effect of aquatic weed on production of fish. Productivity of the ponds is effected by physio-
chemical condition of water and soil. Research unit examine the pond water and soil &
biomass, and suggest the treatment and feed of fish for fish culture. Research unit also suggest
the measure parameter, how to increase the productivity of water bodies and prevent the fish
disease. The State research unit required some hi-tech digital devises for physical and
chemical analysis of water., soil biomass, nature of fish diseases etc
I. Boat, Net and Cycle with Insulated Box
About 698 fishing boat, 6980 Kg. fishing net, 212 No. of insulated box with cycle have been
provided to fishermen, to promote the efficiency and value addition of the reservoir. These
activities, to enhance the present fish productivity 52 Kg/ha/year to 100 Kg/ha/year and also
improved the socio-economic condition of fishermen.

II. Mechanized Boats: -

Reservoirs are larger bodies, where mainly the captures cum culture techniques are applied. It
is necessary to provide mechanized boats to fulfill the targets of fish production. These boats
will also be used for monitoring or checking of illegal fishing, and conservation of fish during
the close season. For improving the management of reservoir, an efficient technical staff and
control of reservoir are the key.
III Watchman hut cum weighing centre

The scheme on development of reservoirs is being proposed and aimed to provide
infrastructure facilities such as weighing centre, storage cum landing sheds for proper storage,
transport and marketing of fish from reservoirs.
j. Development of Reservoirs/Fish Ponds
Reservoirs are large water bodies, in which mainly the capture cum culture techniques is
applied. The total available water area 3.43 lakh ha. is available for fish culture. out of which
2.87 lakh ha. water area in the reservoirs i.e. 82% so that the state fisheries mainly reservoirs.
Only the adequate quantity of quality seed can enhance the production and productivity of the
reservoirs . So that the fish seed stocking is limiting factor for the reservoirs development. The
present productivity reservoirs is 52 kg/ha/ryr. can be enhance up to the 100/kg/ha/yr.
Fisheries Policy of the state the power of water bodies, management and development given
to 3 Tier Panchayat by expanding the land area .Panchayat Raj bodies, detail are given below
Sl. Category of Water Bodies (in Management Authority

No. hectare)
1 0 - 10 Gram Sabha
2 > 10 – 100 Janpad Panchayat
3 > 100 – 2000 Zila Panchayat
4 Above 2000 M.P. Fisheries Federation
As the fisheries policy, reservoirs are the leased out to primary cooperative societies on
priority basis for 10 year lease. The proposal submitted @ 1000 fingerlings / ha ( 70 to 100
mm size ) the total areas will covered 42945 has out of which 1425 reservoirs of Janpad
Panchayat 39267 & 160 reservoirs of Zila Panchayat 43,678 ha and 9 reservoirs of M.P.
Fisheries Federation 1,72,618 ha. The total fish seed required 1043 lakh fingerlings. The
requirement of fish seed fingerlings of Department and Federation will be 828 lakh & 215 lakh
respectively .

As per the norms approved No .of Stocking Cost of Subsidy of

National Fisheries water area in lakh the fish 50% in lakh
Development Board, , the cost (ha.) seed in
of fingerlings will be Rs. 1/ lakh
each , so that ,the total cost of
fish seed fingerlings is Rs.
1043 lakh .and as per the
proposed scheme maximum
50% given as subsidy under the
scheme. The full amount of
seed procurement to the M.P.
Fish Federation
1 Department
Janpad. 39267 392 392 186

Zila Panchyat 43678 436 436 218
Total 85945 828 828 414
2 M.P. Federation 172216 215 215 215
Total of 1+2 2,55,563 1043 1043 629
Fish seed will be stocked in the Janpad Panchyat, Zila Panchyat & Federation reservoirs .The
seed will procured from Govt.& private fish seed farms. Fish Seed stocking in Reservoirs of
M.P. Fisheries Federation. There are 10 reservoirs under the jurisdiction of M.P. Fisheries
Federation to stock the fish seed in the reservoirs @ 500 fingerlings/ha . As per approval of
National Fisheries Development Board, the cost is Rs. 1/- per fingerling expenditure. The
total expenditure will be Rs. 215.00 lakh demanded in the year 2010-11.

Funds Requirement for the Infrastructure Development for the period

of 12th five year plan
Rs. in Crores
S.No Activities related to Infrastructure Development Proposed Plan
Physical Financial
A Agriculture
1 Upgradation of block offices as Krishi Gyan Kendras 313 110.00
2 Strengthening of Agriculture extension and Training Centers 19 40.00
3 Strengthening of old Soil testing labs 51 35.00
4 Construction of new soil testing Labs 262 80.00
5 Strengthening of State Institute of Agriculture Extension & 1 12.00
Training
6 Strengthening of old, and construction with refurbishment of new 10 11.00
seed testing labs.
7 Strengthening of old, and construction with refurbishment of new 10 20.00
Fertilizer testing labs.
8 Strengthening of Seed Producing Government farms 48 28.80
9 Construction of Agri- Solution Centers 102 154.00
10 Strengthening of seed testing lab of State Seed Certification 5 1.50
Agency
11 Research related Infrastructure Projects under JNKVV Jabalpur and 50 90.00
RVSKVV, Gwalior
12 Infrastructure related projects of State Seed and Farm Vikas Nigam 40 40.00
13 Strengthening of State level Monitoring Cell for RKVY 1 20.00
14 Infrastructure related projects of Beej Sangh 25 15.00
15 Strengthening of Insecticide testing Lab 5 7.50
16 Construction of grain storage Go-down under cooperative 200 135.00
17 Solar Energy based Infrastructure 100 10.00
18 Construction and furnishing of Pesticide Residue Lab 5 25.00
19 Construction and furnishing of Post Entry quarantine Lab 1 5.00
20 Development of Farmers Resource Centers 51 20.40
21 Construction and furnishing of Advance Communication Center at 1 4.00
JNKVV, Jabalpur
22 Projects related to infrastructure for other research institutions to be 5 50.00
establish in MP
23 Any other infrastructure required to increase the efficiency of the - 50.00
agriculture functionaries
24 Any other infrastructure required to be constructed for the other - 50.00
line department for which funds are being transferred from
Agriculture budget during plan period
25 Minor Irrigation tank 204 71.40
26 Percolation Tank 510 25.50
27 Sprinkler 60000 50.80
28 Drip 20000 85.40
29 Pipeline 30000 45.00

30 Rain Gun 2550 4.00

31 Tube Well 15000 60.00
32 Dug Well 600 4.80
33 Diesel/Electrical Pump 50000 50.00
34 Solar Fencing 300 5.76
35 Solar Photo Voltaic Pump 500 48.00
36 Extension Infrastructure 75.00
Total:- Agriculture 1539.86
B Agriculture Mechanization
1 Development of Haldhar Sewa Kendra 51 25.50
2 Development Hi- Tech Training center 10 25.00
3 Strengthening of Agriculture Engineering Workshops 51 15.30
4 Strengthening of Directorate and its field units 52 7.80
5 Custom Hiring Centers 600 100.00
6 Mechanised Harvestors 20 10.00
7 Distribution of Implements and tools on subsidy 600000 160.00
8 Distribution of Equipment and Machines 150000 40.00
Total :- Agriculture Mechanization 383.60
C Animal Husbandry& Dairy
1 Maintenance of cold chains 50 15.00
2 Strengthening of existing Vet. Hospitals 10 2.50
3 Strengthening of State level Training Center 1 5.00
4 Strengthening of Cattle breeding farms 15 5.25
5 Establishment of Goat breeding farms 5 25.00
6 Strengthening of cattle feed units 5 40.00
7 Strengthening of cattle feed analysis Labs 5 8.00
8 Strengthening of District and block level Vet. Hospitals 400 60.00
9 Strengthening of Labs of Veterinary colleges 2 6.00
10 establishment of Milk Testing labs 5 5.00
11 Strengthening of veterinary Hospitals 90 13.50
12 Establishment of Vet. policlinics at Divisional level 10 9.00
13 Establishment of Buffalo breeding farms 5 10.00
14 Establishment of Vet. policlinics at Districts level 51 51.00
15 Establishment and strengthening of Dairy plants 51 204.00
16 Strengthening of frozen cemen station at Bhopal 1 5.00
17 Strengthening of Training centers 2 10.00
18 Purchase of Equipments and Machines 20 40.00
19 Conversion of Vet. Hospital in to policlinics 30 25.00
20 Establishment of Liquid Nitrogen Plants 4 12.00
21 Solar water Heating systems 10 10.00
22 Strengthening of Poultry farms 15 15.00
23 Establishment of Quality Control Labs 5 5.00
24 Strengthening and Modernization of State Vet. Hospital 1 6.00
25 Strengthening and upgradation of Vet. hospitals at remote areas. 300 7.50
Total - Animal Husbandry 587.25

D Horticulture
1 Strengthening of farmers Training centers 3 75.00
2 Improvement of farm and Nurseries 120 54.00
3 Establishment of Bio fertilizer plant 1 5.00
4 Construction of Small cold storage 17850 15.00
5 Micro Irrigation 10000 90.00
6 Plug Type Seedling technology 20 20.00
7 Any other items comes under Asset category like poly house, crates 2,20,000 10.00
etc.
8 Onion Storage 4000 60.00
Total - Horticulture 329.00
E Fishery
1 Upgradation of State level Information and Training Center 1 7.00
2 Upgradation of Research Unit 2 4.00
3 Upgradation of Fish seed farms and farmers training centers 350 23.25
4 Construction of Retail Fish markets 200 6.00
5 District level marketing Infrastructure 51 51.00
6 State level Fish Aquarium 1 10.00
7 Fishing Assets viz. Net, Boats and allied material 50000 7.00
8 Development of Reservoirs and ponds 5 1.50
Total- Fishery 101.25
Grand Total 211.00

Chapter-VIII
Monitoring and Evaluation
All the Infrastructures which are proposed in the RKVY State Infrastructure
Development Plan are according to the guide line issued by Government of India in the
beginning of RKVY. Every project covered under this category will have definite and
measurable output and outcome. The construction agency will be fixed by the various
department of state government , as PWD , RES, and other works department are already over
burdoned . The responsibility of issuing the technical sanctions will be of the construction
agency and administrative sanction will be issued by the respective department as per the
prevailing financial powers of different officers. The responsibility of quality control will be
entrusted to the concerned agency and time to time supervision will also be made by the
departmental officers.
Third party Impact Evaluation studies will also be conducted in due course of time after
the completion of the project.

Annexure A
ABBREVIATIONS
ACABC Agri Clinic & Agri Business Centre
ATMA Agricultural Technology Management Agency/Sub Mission on
agriculture Extension
AETC Agriculture Extension & Training Centre
AMCU Automatic Milk Collection Units
CADA Command Area Development Agency
C-DAP Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan/s
CB Central Bank
DCB Dairy Cooperative Society
DEASI Diploma In Agricultural Extension Services for Input Dealers
DPMCU Data Processor & Milk Collection Unit
DPC District Project Coordinator
ETL Economic Threshold Level
ELISA Enzyme-linked immune -sorbent assay (ELISA)
FAO Food & Agriculture Organisation
FGD Focus Group Discussion
FSSAI Food Safety and Standards Authority of India
FFDA Fish Farmers Development Authority
FYM Farm Yard Manure
GCA Gross Cropped Area
GoI Government of India
GDP Gross Domestics Product
GoMP Government of Madhya Pradesh
Ha/ha Hectare
HYP High Yielding Varieties Programme
IFM Integrated fertilizer Management
IPM Integrated Pest Management
IPCC International Plant Protection Convention
ILD Integrated Live stock Development Centre
IARI Indian Agriculture Research Institute
ICAR Indian Council Of Agricultural Research
JNKVV Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa vidhyalaya
KVK Krishi Vigyan Kendra
MGNEREGA/MNREGA Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act/ Yojana
MPNSRP MP Water Resource Department Scheme
MPSOCA Madhya Pradesh State Organic Certification Agency
MAPWA Participation of Women in Madhya Pradesh Agriculture
MCC Milk Collection Centre
MPWLC Madhya Pradesh Warehousing & Logistics Corporation
MT Metric Tonnes
m/mtr Meter

NADAP N.D. Pandharipande (Nadepkaka) (method of composting) living in

Maharashtra (India).
NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
NABL National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories
NFSM National Food Security Mission
NMSA National Mission Sustainable Agriculture
NMMI National Mission on Micro Irrigation
NMOOP National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm
NMAET National Mission on Agriculture Extension &Technology
NAIS National Agricultural Insurance Schemes
NGO Non Government Organization
NIA Net Irrigated Area
PEQ Post Entry Quarantine
PGDAEM Post Graduate Diploma in Agriculture Extension Management
PDDL Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL)
PSL Priority Sector Lending
PACS Primary Agriculture Credit Society
PPP Public Private Partnership
PPP Participatory Planning Process
PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal
RKVY Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
RVSKVV Rajmata Vijiyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya
RRB Rural Regional Bank
SIAET State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training
SC/ST Schedule Caste/ Schedule Tribes
SHG Self Help Group
SPS Sanitary & Phyto Sanitary Agreement under WHO
SWOC Strength Weakness Opportunities and Challenges
SLSC State Level Sanctioning Committee
SRI System of Rice Intensification.
SF/MF Small Farmer/Marginal Farmer
SHG-BLP Self Help Group with Bank Linkage Programme
TFP Total Factor Productivity
TFI Total Financial Lending
VC&RI VETERINARY COLLEGE AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
WADI Wasteland Agriculture Development Initiative
WSHG Women Self Help Group
Zp Zila Panchayat

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State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan

Soil Testing Lab Agriculture Extension & Training Center

Government of Madhya Pradesh

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY 4

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 2

Chapter V MAJOR CONSTRAINTS & DEVELOPMENT ISSUES FOR SAIDP 81

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 3

Table 1.1 ;-Facts on Madhya Pradesh

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 4

Date of Formation Nov 1, 1956

Figure 1 .1 : Madhya Pradesh Physical Map

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 5

Table 1.2 :State Profile of Madhya Pradesh

POPULATION (2011 census) 7,25,97,565

Table 1.3 :Division wise Districts in Madhya Pradesh

S. Name of Division No of Districts Name of Districts

7. Sagar 05 Sagar, Damoh, Panna, Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 6

Fig.1.2 Madhya Pradesh District Map

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 7

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 8

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 9

Fig. 1.3 Madhya Pradesh Agricultural Map

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 10

1.3 Objectives of SAIDP :-

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 11

1.3 Approach and Methodology

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 12

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 13

RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE ECONOMY

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 14

Figure 2.1 The distribution of Agro climatic zones in Madhya Pradesh

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 15

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 16

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 17

Rajgarh, Shivpuri, Guna, Datia and Ashoknagar

K- High Harda and Badwani.

3 N- Low 7 Districts Narsinghpur, Jabalpur, Katni, Satna,

P- Low Rewa, Sidhi and Singroli.

P- Low Balaghat, Seoni and Anuppur

7 N- Medium 2 Districts Chhindwara and Chhatarpur

Source: Compendium of Agriculture statistics: Directorate of Farmer’s Welfare & Agriculture

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 18

2.3 District wise spread of Rainfall in Madhya Pradesh

Rainfall position 2012(22-09-2012)

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 19

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 20

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 21

Figure 2..2 Land use classification of Madhya Pradesh

LAND USE CLASSIFICATION OF MADHYA

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 22

The land use pattern in the State is shown in Table below:

2.5.4 Geographical Area

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 23

2.5.6 Land not available for cultivation

2.5.7 Cultivable Waste Land

2.5.8 Net Area Sown

2.5.9 Area Sown more than once

GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 24

Table 2.6. District wise Land Use Classification in Madhya Pradesh

LAND USES CLASSICATION IN MADHYA PRADESH FOR THE YEAR 2011-2012

Forest Nt Available for Other Cultivable waste Cultivable Fallo