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Core Study Notes PDF
Core Study Notes PDF
1. Prepare yourself
a) Mentally
b) Physically
c) Medically
a) Clothing
(2) To orient with the north start, follow a line from the lip of
the big dipper – a distance of five times the distance between the
two aligning stars of the dipper.
c) Survival kit
(2) Matches
(6) Knife
(10) Nails
(16) Tape
(17) Candle
(9) Antiseptic
(12) Tweezers
(15) Aspirin
f) Staying put
(a) Pain
(b) Cold
(c) Fatigue
(d) Fear
(g) Loneliness
(h) Boredom
h) Fire building
i) Shelter building
j) Rescue signals
5. First Aid
a) Objectives are
b) To preserve life
A Firearm Characteristics
1. Parts of a firearm
e) Butt – the end of the stock held to the shoulder. The fore
end of the stock makes a grip for the barrel
(1) Located near the trigger – must be in the off position to fire
4. Presence of sights
C Ammunition
1. Rifle ammunition has four main parts, while a shotgun has five
components
c) Magnum Ammunition
(3) Make sure the shotgun is chambered for that length and type
of shell
7. Check for the correct ammunition for the firearm you are using
10. Be sure of your target and beyond before you pull the trigger
a) Unloaded
a) Release safety
b) Open action
e) Close action
f) Engage safety
a) Release safety
b) Open action
J Carrying positions
2. Cradle carry is another safe carry. Don’t use when walking with
someone on the same side as the muzzle is pointing
4. Always be sure of the area around your target and the space
beyond your target.
a) 30-06 over 6 km
b) .22 over 2 km
1. Am I sure of my target?
N Target identification
3. Zones of fire
A Terminology
4. Bovids – hoofed animals that have horns, which are never shed
and are not branched. Horns are present on both sexes. Includes
Bighorn and thinhorn sheep and mountain goat, cattle, sheep and
goats
12. Horn – solid, bony core which is part of the animals skull
covered by a sheath of hard fibrous horn. Horn sheath brows form
the base or skin at the skull. As new growth is formed the old
growth is forced away from the skull. Horns are never shed but
continue to grow throughout the animals life. Both males and
females have horns
B B.C. Ungulates
3. They are split into two major groups – those with horns (bovids)
and those with antlers (cervids)
4. Sheep
(1) Colour – brown with white on the belly, insides of the leg
and the rump – part of the muzzle usually is white. Tail is small
and dark, contrasting strongly with the rump
(1) Dalls are the only white wild sheep in the world. Hooves
and horns are pale with a yellowish tinge
(2) Stone sheep tend to be very dark, except for white on the
face, abdomen, inside of the legs and rump patch
a) Mule deer
(6) More curious that the white-tailed deer and are often seen in
open areas. When running for cover, they often pause to look
back
b) Black-tailed deer
(2) When running they bounce like a mule deer but usually hold
their tail straight out
(3) Antlers – male grow in forked pairs but lack the vast number
of possible tines that can grow on a mule deer
c) White-tailed deer
(1) Colour – broad, long tail that is cinnamon colour on top and
white on the underside. When the tail is raised, the deer presents
a large, flashing white rump patch and under-tail
(3) Antlers – male has antler tines that grow upward from a
single forward-growing main branch
(4) Habitat – forest, swamps and the open brushy areas nearby
d) Moose
(3) Bell hangs from under the throat – distinctive hump over the
shoulders of the moose. Hindquarters are slim and set lower
than the front quarters. Tail is short and not seen at a distance
(6) During the fall mating or rutting season, bull moose will
grunt and bellow.
e) Elk
(2) Smaller than moose, much larger than deer and only slightly
larger than caribou
(4) Calf has a high pitched squeal when in danger. Cow has a
similar squeal, also a sharp bark when travelling with a herd.
Males have a high pitched bugling call that starts with a low note
and ends with a few low toned grunts.
f) Caribou
(4) Antlers – only ungulate of which the male and female carry
antlers. Different from other deer in that one or two heavy tines
called shovels extend outward from the animals brow. Caribou
antlers are flatter and wider than those of the mule and white-
tailed deer
(5) In the Woodlands Caribou, all the males and more than half
of the females have antlers
(2) Large cat with a slender form, long cylindrical tail, short ears
and prominent whiskers. Much larger than other cats in the
province
(3) Long powerful legs have five toes on the forepaws and four
on the hind paws; each toe has long claws – which are
retractable, sharp and are strongly curved to hold living prey or
for climbing trees
b) Lynx
(1) Colour – almost solid grey and has a short grayish tail with a
definite black tip on both top and bottom
(2) Large than the bobcat. Long tassel-like ear tufts. Nocturnal
and solitary
c) Bobcat
(1) Coat is short, buffy and much spotted. Short tail is black
spotted on top with a tip that is black on top only
d) Wolf
(1) Five toes on each front foot – the inside toe is high and four
toes on each back foot
(5) Carry their tails high while running (coyotes carry their tail
below the level of their backs)
(6) Forest areas, social animals – hunt together and can kill
animals as large as deer, elk, caribou or moose
e) Coyote
(2) Long and narrow muzzle, ears are long and pointed, tail is
bushy and carried low and close to the hind legs
(4) Fraser delta and rest of B.C. east of the Coastal Mountains.
Not found on the coastal islands
f) Red Fox
(2) Large pointed ears, sharp elongated muzzles and bushy tails
that are as long as their bodies
(4) Omnivorous
g) Grizzly Bear
(2) Blond through all shades of brown and blacks. Some have
darker under hair with long blond or white guard hair on the
shoulders and back
(4) Omnivorous
h) Black Bears
B Identification Techniques
1. Habitat
2. Action
3. Protected species
a) All raptors
C Terminology
D Game Birds
1. Geese –
(4) Snow geese are white birds with black wing tips – while
swans are all white
(2) All white with black wing tips and a dark grinning patch on
the beak. Shrill Honk
(1) Brown in colour, with orange feet, a white face and a grey
white belly speckled with black patches
(1) Usually seen on the south coast, Boundary Bay and along
south-east Vancouver Island from Sooke to Campbell River