Digital control system overview

SAS PCP

EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL
 Possible electro-technical scope

XNetwork

XSite

XSubstation

XVoltage level

XBusbar

XBay

Not only the substation level

Mix with the functional & performance scope to be considered
2 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 2
 Possible functional scope

Alarm Disturbance Condition

MONITORING & Archives & Quality monitoring

Auto-reclose Interlock Load shedding

CONTROL & Synch-check & sequences & Volt reg.

Line Busbar & Generator

PROTECTION & Transformer Circuit breaker & Motor

3 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 3
 Key Interfaces

Process
Process SCADA
SCADA or
or EMS
EMS
interface
interface
CT / VT / AI I/Os CT / VT / AI
s
I/O
PC GTW

Digital
Digital Control
Control System
System
CT / VT / AI
I/Os

IEDs

Electrical
Electrical process
process
4 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 4
 Key Interfaces
X Process interface
Š Number and type of physical I/O
Š Filtering (Inputs) and control (outputs) requirements
Š Voltage circuits (polarity & power supply source used)
X Remote access
Š Control center protocol
Š Maintenance center (setting, disturbance recording,
maintenance)
Š Communication infrastructure
X IED interface
Š Re-use of existing or qualified IEDs
Š Functional level (I/O, MV/AI retrieval, setting)

5 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 5
 Key parameters when designing a DCS
architecture

Functions (kind of protection …)

Process distribution Performances

(space, distance …) (Nbr of I/Os, MV/AI …)

Imposed choices Process interface Other interfaces

(refurbishment, SCADA (wiring, comm. Bus …) (Centralized, local …)
constraints, automation …)

Cubicle integration

6 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 6
 OVERVIEW
DATA DCS Construction
X Single line diagram X Determine each bay

X Substation layout X Decide on the IED content of

each bay
X Functional X Define the cubicles
specification X Define the central parts

X Performance X Define the communication

specification between central parts and bay

cubicles
X Installation layout

DCS Specification
7 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 7
 IEDs Recoveries

PROTECTIONS

BAY COMPUTERS MEASUREMENT

/PLCs/RTU DEVICES

8 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 8
 BAY COMPUTER vs. PROTECTIONS

X Protection devices may be sufficient to perform all bay tasks,

mainly for <66 kV
X Special attention shall be paid to:
Š Inputs filtering capabilities
Š Event time tagging resolution and accuracy
Š Counter management
Š Measurement accuracy
Š Power quality
Š Automation (synchro-coupling, sequences)
Š Transformer management
Š Local/remote management
Š Local HMI capabilities

9 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 9
 BAY COMPUTER vs. MEASUREMENT DEVICE

X Specific measurement devices may be needed when:

Š Sophisticated measurement types are needed
Š Sophisticated disturbance recording are needed
z Triggering capabilities, memory size, number of channels
(>4CT/4VT)
Š Sophisticated power quality information are needed
z High harmonic content (>H15) etc.

10 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 10
 FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION

IEDs

X A device can contain one or

more protection, control and
monitoring functions
X Benefits:
Š reduction of number of boxes
Š size
Š wiring …etc.
X Drawbacks:
Š missing specific features
Š CPU limitations … etc.

11 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 11
 PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION

X Devices can be interconnected by

communication network globally
performing the function
X Benefits:
Š Local installation minimising process I/O
wiring
Š No common operational modes between
components
X Drawbacks:
Š Communication performance constraints
(length, speed, nbr of datas …)
Š Integration needed (protocol, physical
support …)

Communication is a key issue in DCS

12 EUG November 2005 – Basic Principles on DCS Created by Luc HOSSENLOPP – Marketing Manager PCL 12