There are two variants of outline that you can use:

Outline 1

 Introduction. This is a general statement of what you will talk about.

 Topic 1. This one is the first topic of the contrast or the comparison. Do no mention topic 2 here.
 Topic 2. This is the second topic of the two topics. Do not mention topic 1 here.
 Topic 1 and 2 combined. This is where you now analyze both topic 1 and 2 together.
 Conclusion. This is a general summary of the paper. Make sure that you reaffirm your thesis.

Outline 2

 Introduction. This is a general quotation that will lead to the introduction of the thesis statement.
 Topic 1. This is where you discuss the comparisons of both topics. Discuss all the similarities of the
two giving an example of each.
 Topic 2. This is where you look at all the contrasts. Discuss all the differences of the two giving
differences.
 Conclusion. This is a summary of the entire paper. State the thesis once more but more confidently
this time since you have already made your point in the above topics.
3.3. Ways of expressing cause and effect
These cause/effect phrases are followed by a noun or noun phrase:

 due to

 because of

 owing to

 as a consequence of

 as a result of

 thanks to

In the following examples, the noun or noun phrase will be underlined.

Due to wild winds the ship couldn’t control its stability and finally sank.
Severe problems for commercial shipping because of high winds on the ocean
As a result of the rain, we canceled the picnic.

These cause/effect signal words are followed by a subject + verb or a sentence.

 because
 since
 as
 for
For example : As he arrived late to work, he will be fired.

A causes B
Carbon in steelmaking leads to CO2 emissions
Carbon in steelmaking gives rise to emission of CO2
Carbon in steelmaking results in furnaces emitting CO2
Carbon in steelmaking is the cause of CO2 emissions
Carbon in steelmaking is a factor in the emission of CO2

B is caused by A
CO2 emissions are caused by steelmaking process
CO2 emissions are the result of steelmaking process
CO2 emissions result from steelmaking process
CO2 emissions happen as a result of steelmaking process