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Kerala Renaissance
Kerala Renaissance
His father was Madan Asan and mother was In 1888, he installed an idol of Shiva at
Kutty Amma. His was named Narayanan and Aruvippuram on the banks of Neyyar river.
was dotingly called Nanu.
As only Brahmins had ever installed an idol,
At the age of five, Nanu joined a nearby that event was dubbed as ‘Aruvippuram
school for formal education. He continued revolution’. When Brahmins challenged his
his education at home with his father and right to consecrate, he replied in his famous
uncle in Tamil, Sankrit, and other traditional quote ‚I installed my siva; not a Brahmin
subjects. His father was a teacher(Asan), was siva‛.
proficient in Sanskrit, Astrology and
At Aruvippuram these words were inscribed
Ayurveda. His uncle Krishnana Vaidyan was
on a plaque ‚Without differences of caste,
a reputed Ayurvedic physician. He was
Nor enmities of creed, Here it is, the model
taught the basics of the Tamil and Sanskrit
of an abode, where all live like brothers at
languages and traditional subjects such as
heart‛.
Siddharupam, Balaprobhodhanam and
Amarakosam. In 1891 Kumaranasan (then Kumaru) met
Guru.
He had his higher studies at Varanapally by
Kummampalli Raman pillai Asan. Sree Narayana Guru was appointed as the
first president of SNDP Yogam founded in
He showed strong affinity for poetics and
1903 with the initiative of Dr.Palpu.
reasoning, composing hymns and singing
them in praise of God. A new phase began in the Guru’s life in
1904. He decided to give up his wandering
His mother passed away when he was 15.
life and settle down at Sivagiri, about 32
Nanu spent the most part of his early youth
kms north of Thiruvananthapuram. The
assisting his father in tutoring, and his uncle
name ‘Sivagiri’ was given by Guru.
in the practice of Ayurveda, while devoting
the rest of his time for devotional practices In 1905 he organised the first agricultural
at the temples nearby. and industrial exhibition in India, at Kollam
After his studies he also began teaching in a He established many temples at different
near-by school. From that time the people parts of the Kerala. He did the prathishta of
respectfully called him ‚Nanu Asan‛. the goddess Sree Sarada at Sivagiri on April
1912.
His friendship with Chattambi Swamikal
started in 1884. Chattambi Swamikal In 1914 he established Adwaithasramam at
introduced him to Thycaud Ayyaswami, a Aluva (Ernakulam district).
distinguished yoga guru of Trivandrum.
In 1916 he met Ramana Maharshi at
From him Nanoo learned ‘yogasanas’,
Thiruvannamala, Tamil nadu.
practices like Nauli, Dhoudi, and Khadam
and Khechari mudra. Guru made his first visit to Sri Lanka in 1918.
It is the only foreign country visited by him.
Tagore recorded after his visit to Sivagiri, ‘I He was the first Keralite to be appeared on
have been touring different parts of the an Indian stamp and also the first Keralite to
world. During these travels, I have had the be inscribed on a coin of RBI.
good fortune to come into contact with
He is only Keralite whose birth day and
several saints and maharshis. But I have
death anniversary are declared holiday by
frankly to admit that I have never come
the Government of Kerala.
across one who is spiritually greater than
Swami Sree Narayana Guru of Kerala — nay, He was the only person who was exempted
a person who is on par with him in spiritual from court appearances in civil cases by
attainments. I am sure I shall never forget Government of Travancore.
that radiant face, illumined by the self
effulgent light of divine glory and those The slogan popularized by Sree Narayana
yogic eyes fixing their gaze on a remote Guru-‚One caste, one religion and one God
point on a far-away horizon.’ for mankind‛.
When Gandhiji visited Kerala in connection ‚Ask not, Say not, think not caste‛, ‚Act that
with Vaikom Satyagraha in 1925, he also one performs for one’s sake should also
visited Guru. benefit other‛.
1. who is known as "Father of Kerala 22. The year which Dr.Palpu met Sree
Renaissance" : Sree Narayana Guru Narayana Guru : 1895 (Bangalore)
2. Sree Narayana Guru was born on : 20th 23. The book which included the lines in
August 1856 Aruvippuram temple : Jathi Nirnayam
3. House name of Sree Narayana Guru : 24. Dr.Palpu called Sree Narayana Guru as :
Vayalvarathu Veedu Periya Swammi
4. The Place where Sree Narayana Guru was 25. Dr.Palpu called kumaranasan as : Chinna
Born : Chempazhanthy Swami
(Thiruvananthapuram) 26. Aruvippuram temple society was formed
5. Sree Narayana guru's father name : in : 1898
Madan Assan 27. SNDP yogam was founded on : 15th
6. Sree Narayana Guru's mother name : May 1903
Kuttiyamma 28. Which organization was considered as
7. Sree Narayana Guru's wife Name : the predecessor of SNDP : Vavoottu Yogam
Kaliyamma 29. Full form of SNDP : Sree Narayana
8. Childhood name of Sree Narayana Guru : Dharma Paripalana Yogam
Narayanan 30. The first and Permanent Chairman of
9. Sree Narayana Guru was the discipline of : SNDP : Guru
Kunnampalli Raman Pillai Assan and 31. Headquarters of SNDP situated in :
Thycadu Ayya Kollam
10. The Yoga guru of Sree Narayana Guru : 32. The first Vice President of SNDP :
Thycadu Ayya Dr.Palpu
11. Sree Narayana Guru learned Hadayoga 33. The first General Secretary of SNDP :
Vidya from : Thycadu Ayya Kumaranasan
12. The place where Sree Narayana Guru 34. The mouth piece of SNDP :
started a school : Anchuthengu (1881) Vivekodayam
13. The place where Sree Narayana Guru get 35. The year which SNDP published
enlightenment : Pillathadam cave (in Vivekodayam : 1904
Maruthwamala) 36. The first editor of Vivekodayam :
14. Maruthwamala is situated in : Kumaranasan
Kanyakumari (Tamilnadu) 37. The official editor of Vivekodayam :
15. Sree Narayana Guru is also known as : M.Govindan
Nanu Assan 38. At present the mouth piece of SNDP :
16. The year which Sree Narayana Guru met Yoganadam
Chattambi Swami : 1882(Anniyoor Temple) 39. Shivagiri Mutt at varkala was established
17. The first temple consecrated by Sree on : 1904
Narayana Guru in : Aruvippuram (1888) 40. which year the temple of Sarada
18. Aruvippuram is situated on the banks of consecrated by Sree Narayana guru : 1912
which river : Neyyar river (Neyyattinkara) (Sivagiri)
19. The first work of Sree Narayana Guru : 41. Advaitha Ashramam at Aluva was
Gajendramoksham Vanchipattu established on : 1913
20. Sree Narayana Guru dedicated his book 42. The motto of Aluva Advaitha Ashramam
"Gajendramoksham Vanchipattu" to : : Om Sahodaryam Sarvatra
Chattambi Swami 43. Sree Narayana Guru founded Sanskrit
21. The year which kumaranasan met Sree School at Aluva in : 1916
Narayana Guru : 1891(Kayikkara)
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
44. The year which Sree Narayana Guru 66. Sree Narayana Trophy Boat race
conducted all religious conference at the conducted in : Kannetti kayal (karunagapalli)
Aluva Advaitha Ashramam : 1924 67. The temple which Sree Narayana Guru
45. The chairman of All religious conference consecrated first mirror : Kalavan Code (Om
: Justice Sivadasa Iyer Shanti written on the surface of the mirror)
46. Theme of All religious conference: Not 68. The poet who said that guru was the
for argument but to know and Inform Second Buddha : G.Sankara Kurup
others 69. Who is responsible for the connection
47. Ayyankali met Sree Narayana Guru in : between Guru and Swami Vivekananda : Dr.
1912 (Balaramapuram) Palpu
48. Vagbhadanathan met Sree Narayana 70. Sree Narayana Guru founded Sree
Guru in : 1914 Narayana Darma Sangam in : 1928 January
49. Sree Narayana Guru met Ramana 9
Maharishi in : 1916 (Thiruvannamalai) 71. Sree Narayana Guru's last public
50. Sree Narayana Guru visited Srilanka for function was at : 1927(kottayam)
the first time in : 1918 72. Sree Narayana Guru attains Samadhi in :
51. Sree Narayana Guru met Tagore in : 20 September 1928(white dress)
1922 73. First statute of Sree Narayana Guru is in :
52. Who translated the conversation Thalassery Jagannath temple
between Tagore and Sree Narayana Guru : 74. The first Sanyasa disciple of Sree
Kumaranasan Narayana Guru : Sivalinga Swamikal
53. Sree Narayana Guru met CF.Andrews in : 75. The last Sanyasa disciple of Sree
1922 Narayana Guru : Anandatheertha swamikal
54. Sree Narayana Guru visited the vaikom 76.The disciple nominated by Sree Narayana
sathyagrahis in : 1924 Guru as his successor : Sree Bodhanda
55. Sree Narayana Guru met Gandhiji in : Swamikal
1925(Sivagiri) 77. The first European disciple of Guru :
56. Sree Narayana Guru visited Sri lanka for Ernest Kerk
the last time : 1926 78. Sree Narayana Dharma Sangam was
57. The famous Sivagiri Pilgrim Festival founded on : 9th January 1928
conducted on : December 30 to January 1 79. The lines "Act that one performs for own
58. The famous Sivagiri Pilgrim Festival first sake should also aim for the well being of
conceived by : Vallabhasseri Govindan others" are mentioned in : Athmopadesha
Vaidhyar and T.K.Kittan Sathakam
59. The first Sivagiri Pilgrimage Group from 80. The founder of Sree Narayana
the village of : Elavumthitta (Pattanamthitta) Trust(1952) : R. Shankar
60. Dress code of Sivagiri Pilgrims are : 81. The place where Sree Narayana Trust is
Bright Yellow situated : Kollam
61. The first malayale to appear in the Indian 82. he book Sree Narayana Dharma written
postal stamp : Sree Narayana Guru by : Bodhanda Swamikal
62. The first malayale to appear in the Sri 83. Guru's later literary work Atmopadesa
lankan postal stamp : Sree Narayana Sathakam written in : Malayalam
Guru(2009) 84. The novel Guru is written by
63. The only foreign country visited by Sree :K.Surendran
Narayana Guru : Sri Lanka 85. The book Brahman Sree Narayana Guru :
64. The first malayalie to be inscribed on a T. Bhaskaran
coin of Reserve Bank of India : Sree 86. Who translated the book Brahman Sree
Narayana Guru Narayana Guru into English : A.J. Thomas
65. Sree Narayana Jayanti Boat race
conducted in : Kumarakam (Kottayam)
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
87. Who translated.The book Brahman 92. The novel Narayaneeyam written by :
Sreenarayana guru into Tamil : Vijayakumar Perumbadavam Sreedaran
Kunnissery 93. The book Guru Deva karnamritham
88. Who translatedhe book Brahman written by : Killimanoor Kesavan
Sreenarayanaguru into Hindi : H. 94. The book yugapiravi written by :
Balasubramaniam K.Vasudevan
89. The book Narayana Guru Swami written 95. The lines "One Caste, one Religion, One
by : M.k. Sanu God for Man" are mentioned in :
90. The film Yuga Purushan is directed by : Jathimemamsa
M. Sukumaran 96. Who is known as "Buddha of Kerala" :
91. The Actor play the role of Sreenarayana Sreenarayana guru
guru in the film Yuga Purushan : Thalaivasal 97. International Center for Sree Narayan
Vijay Guru studies situated in : Navi mumbai
(Maharashtra)
He founded the Ananda Maha Sabha and His reformist ideas are detailed in his works
Anandamatham (religion of bliss). titled ‘Mokshapradeepam’ and
‘Anandasutram’.
He founded the Siddhasramam at Alathur.
Sivayoga Rahasyam, Sthri Vidya Poshini,
His real name was Karat Govindamenon.
Sidhanubhuthi, Mokshapradeepam,
An atheist, he denounced idol worship and Anandakalpadrumam, Ananda Suthram,
religions. Rajayoga Parasyam, Vigraharadhana,
Khandanam, Ananda Vimanam,
He propounded the theory that ananda Anandamatha Paraysyam, Anandakkummi,
(happiness or bliss) should be the Ananda Ganam and Anandadarsam are his
touchstone of any human activity. famous works.
Ayyankali was a social reformer who worked as the Untouchables. He pioneered many
for the advancement of the lower caste reforms to improve the lives of the Dalits.
Dalits known
Ayyankali was born in 1863 in Venganoor,
Trivandrum.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
Initially the land lords did not take it Ayyankali passed away on 18th June, 1941.
seriously. They tried many means and In November 1980, Indira Gandhi unveiled a
methods to defeat the workers. But, at last, statue of Ayyankali at Kowdiar square in
they were forced to concede the demands Thiruvananthapuram.
of Ayyankali and his supporters.
The headquarters of the Scheduled Caste
In 1907 Ayyankali established Sadhu Jana Development Department is named after
Paripalana Sangham (SJPS) which AyyanKali.
campaigned for access to schools and
raised funds to set up Pulayar-operated
schools in the interim.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
The original name of Thycaud Ayya He was a Yogi cum Family man. Ayya
was Subbarayan. Swamikal started inter-dining
(Panthibhojanam) in Kerala during 19th
He was born in 1814 in Nakalapuram. He century.
was the guru of Chattampi Swamikal, Sri
Narayana Guru and Ayyankali. He argued that any Yogi could install idols
in temples, which inspired Sreenarayana
Guru to install idols of Siva.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
‚Oru jathy, oru matham, oru Daivom‛ (‚Intha Swamikal visited Sri Vaikunda Padar of
ulakathile orae oru jathy than, Orae oru Nagarcoil (Swami thoppu) and visited the
matham than, orae oru kadavul than‛) is the famous Maruthwamalai.
Malayalam translation of Ayyaswamy’s
teaching. Sri Narayana Guru popularized the When his father left to Kasi, Subbarayan had
slogan. to look after the family.
His grandfather Hrishikesan and his father To obey his Guru, Ayya married
Muthukumaran were great yogis and were Kamalammal from Kollam and the couple
migrated to Tamilnadu from Pampumkadu had three sons and two daughters.
in Malabar during Tipu Sultan’s aggression.
However Ayya continued his spiritual
Lord Subramanya was their family deity. At practices while living the married life. Ayya
the age of 12, Subbarayan received spiritual was a great scholar in Tamil and gained
initiation from two Tamil Saints, good proficiency in English.
Sachidananda Maharaj and Sri Chitti
Paradeshi who used to visit Subbarayans He used to deliver spiritual discourses at the
family frequently. ‚Ashtapathana Sabha‛ in Chennai.
When he was 16, the Saints took him with Ayya was supplying goods to military camp
them to Burma, Singapore, Penang and in Chennai, where he came in contact with
Africa. the Mess Secretary Mc Gregor who learned
Tamil and Yoga from Ayya.
During this period Subbaraya acquired and
practiced yogic techniques of high order. During the reign of Maharaja Ayilyam
Returning home after 3 years he continued Thirunal, Mc Gregor became the Resident of
yogic practices, often entering the state of Travancore .He appointed Ayya as the
‚Nirvikalpa Samadhi‛. Manager of his Residency in Thycaud.
At the age of 27, in accordance with his Swamikal kept strict discipline in work and
Guru’s wishes Swamikal visited was extremely punctual. At his residence he
Kodungalloor Devi temple in Kerala and spent most of his time in meditation and in
from there he toured Travancore. initiating and instructing his disciples in
spiritual practices.
The Mother Goddess appeared in her
‚Poorna swaroopam‛ before Ayya at Ayya used to deliver lectures on Bhakthi,
Thycaud in Thiruvananthapuram, where he Yoga and Vedanta in Jnanaprakasha Sabha
destined to spend the remaining part of his at Petta, during which leading literary, social
life. and spiritual personalities in and around
Thiruvananthapuram used to meet Ayya
Swathy Thirunal, the then Maharaja of Guru.
Travancore, heard about the spiritual
eminence of Ayya, invited him to his palace Swamikal with the help of Manonmaneeyam
and became his disciple. Sundaram Pillai, the first MA holder of
Travancore, founded the famous ‚Saiva
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
He was the first to establish a printing He was born on 10th February, 1805, at
press in Kerala without foreign support. Kainakary in Alapuzha, the son of Iko
(Kuriakose) Chavara and Mariam Thoppil.
It was started at Mannanam in Kottayam.
Deepika, the oldest daily in Kerala was He was baptized on February 17, 1805, at
printed for the first time in this press (1887). Chennamkary Parish Church in Alappuzha.
He was the co-founder and first Prior In his childhood, he attended the village
General of the first congregation for men in school. There he studied language and
the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, now elementary sciences.
known as the Carmelites of Mary
He entered the seminary in 1818 in
Pallipuram where Father Thoma Palackal
was the Rector. He was ordained on
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
The name of the community was the He first introduced the system called ‚A
Servants of Mary Immaculate of Mount school along with every church‛ which was
Carmel. The foundation for the first successful in making education and
monastery at Mannanam was laid on May knowledge available for everyone for free.
11, 1831, and the trio took vows to form a Thus schools in Kerala are also called
religious community. ‘pallikudam’(‘palli’ means church).
Chavara took the additional name of ‚Elias‛, Chavara, in collaboration with Father
from the Carmelite tradition of his having Leopold Beccaro, O.C.D., founded the first
been their founder. Palackal and Porukara native religious congregation for women in
died in 1841 and 1846, respectively. India, the Sisters of the Mother of Carmel
(C.M.C.), in 1866.
Chavara became Vicar General for the Syro-
Malabar Catholic Church in 1861. Chavara died on 3rd January, 1871, aged 65,
at Koonammavu, of natural causes.
He defended the ecclesial unity of the
Church, which was threatened by schism Kuriakose Elias Chavara was canonized by
due to the consecration by Thomas Rochos Pope Francis in 2014 November.
of Nestorian bishops.
18. A school along with every church" was 26. Kuriakose Elias Chavara was Beatified on
introduced for ? - Give free education and ? - 1986 February 8 (John Pole second)
knowledge for every one 27. Kuriakose Elias Chavara was Canonized
19. The First Indigenous Congregation of in ? - 23 November 2014
women ? - CMC(Congregation of the 28. Kuriakose Elias Chavara was Canonized
Mothers of Carmal) by ? - Pop Francis(St Peters Square)
20. The year which CMC started in ? - 1866 29. The year which Indian Postal
21. In wich year Kuriakose Elias Chavara Department published postage stamp in the
Died in ? - 3 January 1871(Koonammavu) memory of Kuriakose Elias Chavara ?- 20
22. Kuriakose Elias Chavara's Mortal kept in December 1987
? - St Joseph Monastery (Mannanam) 30. The book "Jeevitham thanna Sandesham
23. The book "Chavara Achan : Oru Rekha : Vishudha Chavarayuda Jeevitham "written
Cithram" written by ? - K.C.Chacko by ? - M.K.Sanu (biography of Kuriakose
24. Important books of Kuriakose Elias Elias Chavara)
Chavara ? - 31. The book "Akashadeepangal Sakshi"
1. Athmanuthapam, written by ? - John Antony
2. Nalagamagale, 32. The book "A Pearl Truly Indian" written
3. Anathasyayudae Rakthasakshyam, by ? - F.R.Thomas Panthaplackal
4. Nalla Appante Chavarukal, 33. Who introduced PIDIYARI SYTEM in
5. Dhyanasallapangal Kerala ? - Kuriakose Elias Chavara
25. Kuriakose Elias Chavara get the Status of
Venerable in ? - 1984 (John Pole second)
Ayya Vaikundar called the rule of the British His theory and practice like ‘samathva
as ‘Ven Neechan’ and the rule of king of samajam’ , ‘sama panthi bhojan’ , ‘thottu
Travancore as ‘The Neechan of namam podunkal’ were much enough to
Ananthapuri’. cultivate a thought of equality and unity in
Indian minds.
They initially named the child Mudisoodum Ayya Vaikundar discouraged slaughtering of
Perumal, meaning ‚Lord Narayanam with a animals in the name of sacrifice. He
crown‛. discouraged keeping Hundis in temples and
also giving Kanikka (offerings).
But due to the heavy protest of upper castes
the name had to change as ‘Muthukutty’ Ayya Vaikundar organized ‘Sama Panthi
because at that time only upper castes were Bhojana’ in each and every place of worship
allowed to use the names of gods as their in the name of ‚Annadanam’.
names.
In 1836 Ayya Vaikundar organized a massive
Ayya Vaikunda Nather stayed at movement named ‘Samathva Samajam’. To
Swamithoppu and sent his disciples far and propagate his concept of equality and
wide to carry his message to the masses. dignity of all human beings this
organization led a significant role.
He mainly had five disciples named with
Pancha Pandavas as Mailady Sivathaanu During the ‘Chariot Festival’ of
(Dharma Cheedar), Kailasapuram Sucheendram temple Ayya Vaikundar
Pandaaram ( Bheeman Cheedar), captured the chariot thread (Kampa vadam)
Pillayarkudiyirippu Arjunan (Arjunan along with his followers and ready to pull
Cheedar), Kulachal Subbayyan (Nakulan the chariot along with the high caste.
Cheedar ) , Thamarakkulam Harigopalan
(Sahadevan Cheedar ). He declared that the low castes including
him have the right to pull the temple
He asked his five disciples to preach his chariot. This act provocated the high caste
principles and lead a holy life . He gave a authorities.
Pathiram (guideline for a systematic life
based on his principles ) to them and When the King, Swathi Thirunal, was visiting
insisted to adhere it strictly. a nearby place , they complained to him
that Vaikundar was deceiving the masses in
People congregated at Swamithoppu to get the name of God. As they had full influence
his blessings and called ‘Ayya’. He used the over the King and the State, they convinced
holy mud - Namam - and the holy the King to arrest Vaikundar. The King
watermunthiri patham to cure the people of believed the words of the high caste
their illness and absolve them from sins. chieftains and consequently sent a troop to
arrest Ayya Vaikundar.
He preached a new prayer which his
followers called as Pothippu. People came The troop arrested Ayya Vaikundar from
to him with their first produce like banana Swamithoppu.
bunch, arecanut bunch, paddy, betal leaves
and flowers. Ayya was brought before the King.The King
ordered to take Ayya Vaikundar to
Ayya Vaikundar advised his followers to Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of
practice Dharma. ‘Annadhanam’ was Travancore.
considered as the important form of
Dharma. At Thiruvananhapuram Ayya Vaikundar was
punished with imprisonment for some
Ayya Vaikundar’s preaching about temple months and put in the jail at Singarathoppu
worship was of great significance. He from November 1838.
discouraged idol worship.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
King later ordered to release Ayya An young Nadar lady came to market by
Vaikundar by signing an agreement forcing wearing a blouse at the place called
him to be only the leader of the people of Kottaram near Kanya kumari.
his caste only . But Ayya Vaikundar refused
to sign such an agreement . The high caste chieftains tore her blouse
and captured her wedding chain with thaali.
He said that he has no caste or creed and From this incident onwards , this market is
was common to every body. He also told known as Thaali Aruthaan Chanthai.
the King that he would leave the jail only
when he desires to do so. The men of Nadar community protested
against this. The agitation spread over to
On the 19th day of Tamil month Masi different places. Several social workers
(March 3, 1839) Ayya Vaikundar decided to intervened in this issue. The London
go back to Swamithoppu. Missionary Rev.Charles Mead went to the
Court against this anti-human activity.
With all glories, his followers carried him
back to Swamithoppu overnight and Straight fights between low caste and high
reached there on 20th day of Masi. This day caste men became common. The Govt.
is very auspicious to all his devotees and authorities stood on the side of high caste
now every year this day is celebrated as men.
Masi procession.
They were not ready to consider the Court
During that period , Nanchi nadu was the Verdict. So the Nadar men finally decided to
storehouse of the paddy in Travancore. break the hands of those who tear the
These paddy fields were taxed heavily. At blouses of their ladies. Strong fights went
the same time the land cultivators had to on.
pay two types of taxes. One for land and
other for trees. The majority of the land Observing this severity of the agitation, the
owners were high caste people. Even then Govt. decided to permit Nadar women to
Ayya Vaikundar entered in this issue. He wear the blouse.
told that the tax can be given to land only
and organized hundreds of farmers of But they were not permitted to put a shawl
Nanchi nadu and proceeded to over the blouse. Ayya Vaikundar strongly
Thiruvananthapuarm. Addressing the opposed this and lead the agitation which
farmers agitation at Thiruvananthapuram , was known as Mel Mundu Samaram.
Ayya Vaikundar asked the King to stop
treetax which was an additional one. He also As he foretold earlier Ayya Vaikundar
pointed out that only if the farmer toil in the attained Nirvaana on a Monday mid-noon
mud , the King can eat in the golden plate. 2nd of June 1851.
This event may be the first agitation of After the period of Ayya, many of his
farmers against a Kingdom in the history of prophecies came to reality. Thousands of
India. people became his followers.
This part of the 19 th century witnessed His spiritual thoughts turned into a new way
cruelty against women . They were not of life – Ayya Vazhi.The people who
allowed to cover their breasts and below the criticized him while he was alive, had
knee in Travancore. recognized his way of thought-that is Ayya
Vazhi.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
Bhattathiripad was born on March 26, 1896 and conservatism that existed in the
to Thuppan Bhattathiripad and Sridevi Namboothiri community.
Andarjanam on the banks of river Nila in
south Malabar. He belonged to the family of Agnihothri on
his father's side and had the lineage of Adi
Vellithuruthi Thazhathu Karutha Patteri Sankara on his mother's side.
Raman Bhattathiripad (1896-1982),
popularly known as V. T. Bhattathiripad or He encouraged widow marriage in the
simply V. T. Brahmin society and tried to reform the
conservative practices of the "Namboodiri
He was an Indian social critic, well-known community".
dramatist and a prominent freedom fighter
who was a key figure in removing casteism He conducted the first mixed-race marriage
in the Brahmin society.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
17. Ezhava Memorial was submitted to - 28. Dr.palpu called kumaranasan as - Chinna
Sree Moolam Thirunal Swami
18. Ezhava Memorial was submitted on - 3 29. Who is known as "Political Father of the
September 1896 Ezhavas" - Dr.Palpu
19. The leader of Second Ezhava Memorial - 30. Who describes him as the "Political
Dr.Palpu Father of the Ezhavas" - Ritty Lukose
20. Second Ezhava Memorial was submitted 31. Dr.Palpu was died on - 25 January 1950
in - 1900 32. The founder of sree Narayana
21. Second Ezhava Memorial was submitted Gurukulam (situated in Nilgiris) - Dr.Nataraja
to - Lord Curzon Guru (Son of Dr.Palpu)
22. The book "Treatment of Thiyyas in 33. The book "Dr.Palpu" was written by -
Travancore" was written by - Dr.Palpu Velayudhan Panilasherri
23. The Article "Thiruvithamkotte Theeyan" 34. The book "Dr.Palpu Dharmabodhathil
was written by - Dr.Palpu (In Madras Mail Jeevicha Karmayogi" was written by -
Daily) M.K.Sanu
24. Dr.Palpu met Swami Vivekananda in - 35. The book Dr.Palpu was written by -
1882 (Mysore) T.K.Madhavan
25. Dr.Palpu met Sreenarayana Guru in - 36. The winner of first Dr.Palpu Memorial
1895 (Bengaluru) Award 2012 - Dr. M.R.Rajagopal
26. The founder of Malabar Economic Union 37. The winner of Dr.Palpu Memorial Award
- Dr.Palpu 2013 - M.K.Sanu
27. Dr.palpu called Sreenarayana Guru as - 38. The winner of Dr.Palpu Memorial Award
Periya Swami 2014 - V.M.Sudheeran
In 1937 he led a hunger march from Kannur His tomb is situated at Payyambalam Beach
to Madras. 39 persons were participated in in Kannur.
this march.
The National Headquarters of CPI(M) in
Kerala is also called as AKG Center.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
C V Kunhiraman
C V Kunhiraman was Born Kunhichali.
in 1871, Mayyanad, Kerala. He stopped his schooling at the eighth
He was the son of standard, He started a school for low caste
Velayudhan and Hindus at Vellamanal, Mayyanad, Quilon.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
Valmiki Ramayanam, was his first work to C.V. has been hailed for his role behind the
come out in print, in 1901. historic Temple Entry Proclamation (1936).
K.P. Karuppan was born on 24 May 1885, at Pandit Karuppan was a poet, dramatist, and
Cheranelloor, near Ernakulam, Kerala. social reformer emerged from Ernakulam of
Cochin State as a relentless crusader against
His full name was Kandathiparambil Paapu untouchability and social evils.
Karuppan.
He was called the "Lincoln" of Kerala" for
He was born to Paapu and Kochu Pennu steering socio-economically and
and the family was known for its skills in educationally backward communities to the
toxicology and for treating snakebite forefront.
victims.
As the first human rights activist of the
The Malayalam meaning of Karuppan is Cochin State, he campaigned for the rights
"person of black colour," but, ironically, of lower-caste people, who at that time
Karuppan had a very fair complexion. were not even permitted to enter
Ernakulam.
His childhood name was Sankaran, the
name Karuppan was given to him by a Tamil His first poem was Sthothramandaaram, he
Gosai who was a family friend. The name wrote Lankamardanam at the age of 12 with
Karuppan was suggested because meaning slokas styled in Shardoolavikreeditham.
of Karuppan is "a learned person" in Tamil.
Karuppan studied Sanskrit Kavyas under
Mangalappillil Krishnan Asan of Cherai and
returned to Cheranelloor to study with
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala
Annamanada Rama Pothuval. The most became popular among the poor, he was
significant period of his education was at then a 19-year-old student.
Kodungalloor. The Kodungallur Kovilakam
was a place of learning, due to the resident He stated his teaching career at Caste Girls'
luminaries. High School at Ernakulam in 1912, In August
1925, he was nominated as a member of the
Karuppan's famous work Jathikummi, which Cochin Legislative Council
criticised the prevailing caste system, was
written in 1904 during the period of his Pandit Karuppan died of pleurisy on 23
study at Kodungallur Kovilakam and it March 1938 at the age of 53
26. Founder of Araya Vamsha Dharani 34. Pandit karuppan Smaraka Grammena
Sabha: Pandit Karuppan, Situated in - Vayanasala(1953)Situated in : Cheranelloor
Engandiyoor 35. Founder of Pandit karuppan Smaraka
27. Founder of Jnanodayam Sabha: Pandit Grammena Vayanasala : A.K.Velappan
Karuppan, Situated in - Eda Kochi 36. The Pandit karuppan prize Instituted by :
28. Who is known as "Lincoln of Kerala": Pandit karuppan Vichara Vedic, Prize money
Pandit K.P.karuppan = 25000/-
29. The title kavithilakan (Great Poet) was 37. The first winner of Pandit Karuppan prize
given to Pandit karuppan by: Maharaja of : Sugathakumari(2013)
Cochin 38. Winner of Pandit karuppan prize 2014 :
30. The title Sahitya Nipuna was given to Matha Amrithanandamayi
Pandit karuppan by: Maharaja of Cochin 39. Winner of Pandit karuppan prize 2015:
31. The title Vidwan was given to Pandit Swami Chidananda Puri
karuppan by: Kerala Varma Valiyakoi 40. The book Pandit Karuppan Jeevithavum
Thampuran Porattavum written by: Gopinath panangad
32. Pandit K.P.Karuppan died on : 23 March 41. The book Pandit Karuppan (Malayalam)
1938 (Pleurisy disease) written by: Rajesh K Erumeli
33. Pandit Karuppan monument is situated
at : Cheranelloor
Vakkom Mohammed Abdul Khader Moulavi, Moulavi is considered as one of the greatest
popularly known as Vakkom Moulavi. reformers in the Kerala Muslim community,
and is sometimes referred to as the "father
Moulavi was born on 28 December 1873 in of muslim renaissance".
Vakkom, Chirayinkil Taluk,
Thiruvananthapuram in Travancore to He founded the Travancore Muslim
parents Aash Beevi (Mother) and Mahajana Sabha in Thiruvananthapuram. He
Muhammad Kunju (Father) exhorted the Muslims to discard all un-
Islamic practices and play an active part in
He was the founder and publisher of the modern progressive movements.
newspaper Swadeshabhimani on 19 January
1905, which was banned and confiscated by He also popularised Arabic - Malayalam by
the Government of Travancore in 1910 due publishing an Arabic-Malayalam monthly
to its criticisms against the government and called Al Islam.
the Diwan of Travancore.
The Vakkom Moulavi Centre for Studies and
Moulavi had learnt many languages Research, started in the memory of Vakkom
including Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Tamil, Moulavi.
Sanskrit and English.
Leaders of Renaissance in Kerala