1. Inertia is a property of matter that causes it to resist changes in velocity (speed and/or direction).

2. Kinetic energy, form of energy that an object or a particle has by reason of its motion. If work, which
transfers energy, is done on an object by applying a net force, the object speeds up and thereby gains
kinetic energy.

3. Hooke's Law is a law of physics that states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring by some
distance x scales linearly with respect to that distance. That is, where k is a constant factor characteristic of
the spring

4. Parallel of Spring - massless springs following Hooke's Law, are connected via a thin, vertical rod as
shown in the figure below, these are said to be connected in parallel. Spring 1 and 2 have spring
constants k1 and k2 respectively. A constant force →F is exerted on the rod so that remains perpendicular
to the direction of the force. So that the springs are extended by the same amount. Alternatively, the
direction of force could be reversed so that the springs are compressed.

5. Series of Spring - When same springs are connected as shown in the figure below, these are said to be
connected in series. A constant force →F is applied on spring 2. So that the springs are extended and the
total extension of the combination is the sum of elongation of each spring. Alternatively, the direction of
force could be reversed so that the springs are compressed.

6. Deformation is caused by stress, the scientific term for force applied to a certain area.

7. Elongation Increase in length which occurs before a metal is fractured, when subjected to stress. This is
usually expressed as a percentage of the original length and is a measure of the ductility of the metal.

8. Natural frequency is the rate at which an object vibrates when it is disturbed (e.g. plucked, strummed, or
hit). A vibrating object may have one or multiple natural frequencies. Simple harmonic oscillators can be
used to model the natural frequency of an object.

9. Motion is the change in position of an object with respect to its surroundings in a given interval of time.

10. Spring Constant - The quantity that specifies the stiffness of a spring is called the Spring Constant.
Every spring has its own natural value of spring constant. The letter k is used to denote the quantity. Its SI
unit is Newton per meter (N/m).