The portrait of a lady-Henry James
Sons and lovers¸David Herbert Lawrence
The first part of the novel focuses on Mrs. Morel and her
unhappy marriage to a drinking miner. She has many arguments
with her husband, some of which have painful results: on
separate occasions, she is locked out of the house and hit in the
head with a drawer. Estranged from her husband, Mrs. Morel
takes comfort in her four children, especially her sons. Her
oldest son, William, is her favorite, and she is very upset when
he takes a job in London and moves away from the family. When
William sickens and dies a few years later, she is crushed, not
even noticing the rest of her children until she almost loses Paul,
her second son, as well. From that point on, Paul becomes the
focus of her life, and the two seem to live for each other.
Paul falls in love with Miriam Leivers, who lives on a farm not
too far from the Morel family. They carry on a very intimate, but
purely platonic, relationship for many years. Mrs. Morel does
not approve of Miriam, and this may be the main reason that
Paul does not marry her. He constantly wavers in his feelings
toward her.
Paul meets Clara Dawes, a suffragette who is separated from her
husband, through Miriam. As he becomes closer with Clara and
they begin to discuss his relationship with Miriam, she tells him
that he should consider consummating their love and he returns
to Miriam to see how she feels.
Paul and Miriam sleep together and are briefly happy, but
shortly afterward Paul decides that he does not want to marry
Miriam, and so he breaks off with her. She still feels that his soul
belongs to her, and, in part agrees reluctantly. He realizes that he
loves his mother most, however.
After breaking off his relationship with Miriam, Paul begins to
spend more time with Clara and they begin an extremely
passionate affair. However, she does not want to divorce her
husband Baxter, and so they can never be married. Paul’s mother
falls ill and he devotes much of his time to caring for her. When
she finally dies, he is broken-hearted and, after a final plea from
Miriam, goes off alone at the end of the novel.
(Gertrude Morel,Paul M,Walter Morel,Annie M, William M)
(The rainbow, Women in love,Lady Chatterley’s Lover)
Ulysses-James Joyce The book begins at 8:00 in the
morning in a Martello tower (a Napoleonic-era defensive
structure), where Stephen lives with medical student Buck
Mulligan and his English friend Haines. They prepare for the day
and head out. After teaching at a boys’ school, Stephen receives
his pay from the ignorant and anti-Semitic headmaster, Mr.
Deasy, and takes a letter from Deasy that he wants to have
published in two newspapers. Afterward Stephen wanders along
a beach, lost in thought.
Also that morning, Bloom brings breakfast and the mail to
Molly, who remains in bed; her concert tour manager, Blazes
Boylan, is to see her at 4:00 that afternoon. Bloom goes to the
post office to pick up a letter from a woman with whom he has
an illicit correspondence and then to the pharmacist to order
lotion for Molly. At 11:00 AM Bloom attends the funeral of Paddy
Dignam with Simon Dedalus, Martin Cunningham, and Jack
Power.
Bloom goes to a newspaper office to negotiate the placement of
an advertisement, which the foreman agrees to as long as it is to
run for three months. Bloom leaves to talk with the merchant
placing the ad. Stephen arrives with Deasy’s letter, and the editor
agrees to publish it. When Bloom returns with an agreement to
place the ad for two months, the editor rejects it. Bloom walks
through Dublin for a while, stopping to chat with Mrs. Breen,
who mentions that Mina Purefoy is in labour. He later has a
cheese sandwich and a glass of wine at a pub. On his way to the
National Library afterward, he spots Boylan and ducks into the
National Museum.
In the National Library, Stephen discusses his theories
about Shakespeare and Hamlet with the poet AE, the essayist
and librarian John Eglinton, and the librarians Richard Best and
Thomas Lyster. Bloom arrives, looking for a copy of an
advertisement he had placed, and Buck shows up. Stephen and
Buck leave to go to a pub as Bloom also departs.
Simon and Matt Lenehan meet in the bar of the Ormond Hotel,
and later Boylan arrives. Leopold had earlier seen Boylan’s car
and followed it to the hotel, where he then dines with Richie
Goulding. Boylan leaves with Lenehan, on his way to his
assignation with Molly. Later, Bloom goes to Barney
Kiernan’s boisterous pub, where he is to meet Cunningham in
order to help with the Dignam family’s finances. Bloom finds
himself being cruelly mocked, largely for his Jewishness. He
defends himself, and Cunningham rushes him out of the bar.
After the visit to the Dignam family, Bloom, after a brief
dalliance at the beach, goes to the National Maternity Hospital
to check in on Mina. He finds Stephen and several of his friends,
all somewhat drunk. He joins them, accompanying them when
they repair to Burke’s pub. After the bar closes, Stephen and a
friend head to Bella Cohen’s brothel. Bloom later finds him
there. Stephen, very drunk by now, breaks a chandelier, and,
while Bella threatens to call the police, he rushes out and gets
into an altercation with a British soldier, who knocks him to the
ground. Bloom takes Stephen to a cabman’s shelter for food and
talk, and then, long after midnight, the two head for Bloom’s
home. There Bloom makes hot cocoa, and they talk. When
Bloom suggests that Stephen stay the night, Stephen declines,
and Bloom sees him out. Bloom then goes to bed with Molly; he
describes his day to her and requests breakfast in bed.(Leopold
Bloom, Marion(Molly) Bloom, Stephen Dedalus, Haines)
(Dubliners, Finn’s Hotel, Exiles)
DUBLINERS –James Joyce "The Sisters" – After the
The Ambassadors Summary, Henry James
Mr. Lambert Strether is from Woollett, Massachusetts and he has come to
Europe at the request of his employer, Mrs. Newsome. Mrs. Newsome's son,
Chad, has been in Paris for a long time and the Newsomes are worried that
Chad will never return home. Strether is to bring Chad back home. Despite the
assistance of his old friend, Waymarsh, and his new friend, Maria Gostrey,
Strether is unable to fulfill this task. He is Mrs. Newsome's "ambassador," sent
to Paris to protect her interests.
Strether arrives in Paris and his trip becomes a return to his own youth. He
enjoys spending time with Chad's young friends, Miss Barrace and Little John
Bilham. Strether is charmed by the Countess, Madame de Vionnet, a married
woman with whom Chad has begun a relationship. Quite impressed by the
Countess, Strether agrees to help her as well - though he does not know how
he will be able to appease both Mrs. Newsome and the Countess. From the
very beginning, Strether's plan is doomed to fail. He hopes to convince Mrs.
Newsome that the Countess has been a positive influence on Chad and that
Chad has changed for the better. Waymarsh gives Strether very sound advice:
Strether should either follow his directions from Mrs. Newsome, or give up
altogether. Strether rejects this advice and tries to find the compromise
between two conflicting positions. Just when Chad seems willing to co back
home to Woollett, it is Strether who convinces the young man to stay in Paris
for a little while longer.
Strether's fate quickly runs downhill. Mrs. Newsome sends her daughter, Sarah
Pocock (Chad's sister), to bring Chad home. Sarah arrives with her husband,
Jim Pocock, and her sister-in-law, Mamie Pocock. It is suggested that Chad will
return home to marry Mamie Pocock and continue in the family business:
advertising. Unlike Strether, Sarah Pocock is not amused by Society and its
trappings, nor is she impressed with the Countess, nor is she inspired by the
architecture and atmosphere of Paris. Sarah intends to do her job and she does
it quickly. It does not take very long for Chad to get himself ready to leave
Paris. His condition to Sarah is that he will agree to return home if Strether
gives him the word. Sarah turns to Strether, considering that the task has been
completed - for how could Strether refuse? This is, however, exactly what
Strether does
(Lewis Lambert Strether, Chadwick Newsome,Maria Gostrey,Madame de
Vionnet,Mrs Newsome, Waymarsh) (The portrait of a lady, The American, The
Bostonians)
LORD JIM-JOSEPH CONRAD Captain Marlow, professional sailor and
amateur storyteller, decides to hold his own open mic night and tell an
audience all about the tragic tale of Jim. Back in the day Jim abandoned his
sinking ship along with other members of the crew. Jim turned himself in to
authorities and went on trial for dereliction (abandonment) of duty. Though
publicly disgraced, Jim found a sympathetic buddy in Marlow. Jim told Marlow
his whole, sorry story, and Marlow tried to help Jim out over the next few years.
Marlow found him jobs, but Jim always quit and ran off again in an effort to
escape his humiliation and shame.
Eventually Jim makes his way to the island of Patusan and becomes a local
leader among the native people there. He even lands himself a girlfriend. The
good times don't last, though. A pirate named Gentleman Brown shows up and
wreaks havoc on the island, and Jim makes some bad judgment calls that result
in a death. Yikes. Once again Jim turns himself in to the authorities – this time
the native leaders of the island. The father of a man Jim inadvertently got
killed shoots Jim and kills him. Marlow relates this incident in a letter to an
unknown recipient.(jim,Marlow, Jewel,Stein,Gentleman Brown, Cornelius)
(Heart of darkness, Typhoon, Nostromo the secret agent)
A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN-James Joyce
The writer presents you the novel of a young man named Stephen. This novel
starts from the childhood and ends with the adolescence of Stephen Dedalus,
the protagonist. Throughout the novel, readers can observe how the hero
grows from a little boy to a young man of eighteen who decides to leave his
country for Europe, in order to be an artist. So, this novel begins with the
childhood memories of the main character about the family, the school, about
falling in love with a girl whom he was ashamed to come around. His life
changes because of financial difficulties of his father, the hard times in the
family are coming. Stephen studies in college and receives a scholarship, which
he spends on a posh dinner with his family, and then for other entertainments.
Everything ends with the attendance to a brothel. His sin is burdensome, but
he cannot confess in the school church since because he is very ashamed.
Stephen goes to university, his family lives in the poor, the young man is
changing very much. And eventually meets his sweetheart, but he tries to talk
to her on general topics and they say goodbye, as he leaves. (Stephen
Dedalus, Simon Dedalus, Mary Dedalus, Emma Clery) (Dubliners,
Finn’s Hotel, Exiles)
At the start of the novel, Isabel Archer, an American, is visiting
extended family in England. During her visit, she rejects two marriage
proposals, including one from Lord Warburton, who is a decent
person, but toward whom Isabel does not feel romantically inclined.
The other proposal, from Caspar Goodwood, tempts Isabel, but she
worries that marriage will impede her personal freedom. When her ill
uncle dies, he leaves Isabel a small fortune, which Isabel then uses to
travel to Italy.While in Florence, Italy, Isabel falls subject to a scam.
Madame Merle, a woman she met at her uncle's house back in
England, and a man named Gilbert Osmond have conspired to trick
Isabel into marrying Osmond so they can steal her fortune.Tragically,
Isabel falls for Osmond and, together, they move to Rome. Osmond
does not like Isabel, and the two quickly become unhappy. While they
are married, Isabel develops a friendship with Osmond's daughter,
Pansy. She does not know that the girl's true mother is Madame Merle.
Pansy is in love with an art collector, but her father wants her to marry
Lord Warburton.Isabel finds out that her cousin, Ralph, the son of the
uncle who left her the fortune and her dear friend, is dying. She wants
to travel to England to see her cousin before he dies. Osmond tries to
stop her, but Isabel does not listen to him. After saying goodbye to
Pansy, who she has recently learned is actually Madame Merle's
daughter and not the product of Osmond's first marriage, Isabel
travels to England.After Ralph dies, Isabel has a chance encounter with
Caspar, the other man who proposed to her at the beginning of the
novel. Caspar tries to convince Isabel to stay with him, but Isabel
insists she has to return to Rome. The ending does not make it clear
whether Isabel is returning to Rome because she is afraid her husband
will force Pansy to marry Warburton against her will or if Isabel is only
going back to take Pansy away from her father. (Isabel Archer, Gilbert
Osmond,Madame Merle,Ralph Touchett) (The ambassadors, The
American, The Bostonians)
A PASSAGE TO INDIA- E. M. FORSTER The story takes
place in the city of Chandrapore in India in the early 1920’s when the
British occupied, colonized, and controlled India. Dr. Aziz, an Indian
Doctor, gets to be friends with a British Professor, Fielding, and two
British women, Mrs. Moore and Miss Quested. He offers to take them
to see the famous Marabar Caves. Once there, a strange and
unexplained event occurs and Aziz winds up being accused of
attacking Miss Quested. He is arrested and put on trial. This trial
represents and heightens all the conflicts between Indians and
English, and is especially scandalous because Fielding has taken the
side of the Indians over the British. Eventually,
Miss Quested is on the stand and takes back her accusation, causing
widespread chaos in the streets. Miss Quested, Fielding and Aziz all
go their separate ways. Two years later, Fielding and Aziz are reunited
only to come to the conclusion that as long as the English are still in
India, the English and Indians cannot be friends.. MAIN
CHARACTERS Dr. Aziz: The main guy, a Mohammedan (Moslem)
Indian doctor. People like him a lot – he wants to be friends with the
English but ends up being sorry he is. He’s friendly and eager to
please. Mr. Turton: The collector (British), he’s basically a jerk.
Mr. Fielding: British school master-Government College in his late-
40’s, nice and really doesn’t get why the Indians and English can’t get
along. Ronny Heaslop: British, City Magistrate, he’s supposed to
marry Miss Quested. He thinks the English are better than the
Indians. Major Callendar: British Civil Surgeon, Aziz’s boss, he’s
an ass. Mahmoud Ali: Indian, lawyer and friend to Aziz.
Hamidullah: Indian friend/uncle to Aziz. Mrs. Moore: British,
Ronny’s mother, an older woman who thinks everyone is equal
regardless of race. Miss Adela Quested: British, fiancé to Ronny
Heaslop, she is all prim and proper and thinks she wants to be friends
with the Indians, but in the end, she finds she can’t. Professor
Godbole: Hindu Indian, works for Fielding, he’s a teacher who is
kinds distant from the conflicts between the races. ( Maurice. Where
angels fear to tread, The longest journey. A room with a view)
THE DEAD-JAMES JOYCE On the lightly snowy evening of
January 6, 1904 in Dublin, elderly spinster sisters Kate and Julia and
their niece, Mary Jane - all music teachers or performers, past or
present - are hosting their annual Epiphany party and dinner, and,
with the exception of Mary Jane's new crop of students and the young
gentlemen tasked with keeping them company, most of the guests
have attended in previous years. Kate and Julia's nephew Gabriel and
his wife Gretta hold integral roles for the evening, Gabriel, who, in
addition to being Freddy Malins caregiver if he gets too drunk as is
often the case, is to carve the dinner goose and provide the evening's
main toast, while Gretta is to present the pudding. With the added
unexpected excitement provided by Irish nationalist Molly Ivors for
Gabriel, the party basically goes according to script. As most of the
guests have departed and just before Gabriel and Gretta are to do the
same - this year they staying in a downtown hotel instead of making
the long trek to their suburban home and children - something
happens to makes Gretta enter into a moment of deep reflection.
Gretta confessing the cause and the item of reflection later at the hotel
to Gabriel leads to Gabriel, as a culmination of the evening's sum total
of events, also entering into reflection, about his and Gretta's
marriage, and about life and death in general. (Gabriel Conroy, Gretta
Conroy, Aunt Kate Morkan) (Dubliners, Finn’s Hotel, Exiles)
priest Father Flynn dies, a young boy who was close to him and
his family deals with his death superficially.
"An Encounter" – Two schoolboys playing truant encounter a
middle-aged man
"Araby" – A boy falls in love with the sister of his friend, but fails
in his quest to buy her a worthy gift from the Araby bazaar.
"Eveline" – A young woman weighs her decision to flee Ireland
with a sailor "After the Race" – College student
Jimmy Doyle tries to fit in with his wealthy friends.
"Two Gallants" – Two con men, Lenehan and Corley, find a
maid who is willing to steal from her employer.
"The Boarding House" – Mrs Mooney successfully manoeuvres
her daughter Polly into an upwardly mobile marriage with her
lodger Mr Doran. "A Little Cloud" – Little Chandler's
dinner with his old friend Ignatius Gallaher casts fresh light on
his own failed literary dreams. The story also reflects on
Chandler's mood upon realising that his baby son has replaced
him as the centre of his wife's affections. "Counterparts" –
Farrington, a lumbering alcoholic scrivener, takes out his
frustration in pubs and on his son Tom "Clay" – The old
maid Maria, a laundress, celebrates Halloween with her former
foster child Joe Donnelly and his family. "A Painful Case" –
Mr Duffy rebuffs Mrs Sinico, then, four years later, realises that
he has condemned her to loneliness and death. "Ivy Day in
the Committee Room" – Minor politicians fail to live up to the
memory of Charles Stewart Parnell. "A Mother" – Mrs
Kearney tries to win a place of pride for her daughter, Kathleen,
in the Irish cultural movement, by starring her in a series of
concerts, but ultimately fails. "Grace" – After Mr Kernan
injures himself falling down the stairs in a bar, his friends try to
reform him through Catholicism. "The Dead" – Gabriel
Conroy attends a party, and later, as he speaks with his wife, has
an epiphany about the nature of life and death. At 15–16,000
words this story has also been classified as a novella. The
Dead was adapted into a film by John Huston, written for the
screen by his son Tony and starring his daughter Anjelica as
Mrs. Conroy.