emissions and consumption, there is a need for the engines to operate in a regulated manner outside the stoichiometric mixture. To achieve this, the so- called Lambda probes have been developed. These linear Lambda probes can emit a signal proportional to the amount of residual oxygen contained in the exhaust gas. This signal is available in a wide air and fuel ratio. The output signal corresponds to the pumped flow necessary to set a constant oxygen level in a measuring chamber (Lambda = 1 corresponds to 450 mV). The further away from this value the exhaust gas that is introduced, the greater the pumped flow and consequently the output signal of the probe. The broadband Lambda sensor has the following advantages: • fast start-up • monolithic element with integrated heater • hermetic structure to automatically generate an oxygen reference • thermal resistance • high degree of reliability