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How To Design Roof Purlins - A Solved Example - Structville
How To Design Roof Purlins - A Solved Example - Structville
TRENDING POSTS: EUROCODE 2 Structural Design of Flat Slabs to Eurocode 2 CONNECTION DESIGN Simpli ed Design of Welded Connection to
Beams Eurocode 3 Steel Structures Structural Analysis How to Design Roof Purlins: A Solved Example
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Roof purlin needs no introduction to anyone in the construction industry. They are members used to directly support roof
sheeting materials, and could be made of timber or steel. In timber construction, purlins are nailed to the rafter or
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supporting trusses, while in steel roof construction, they are welded or bolted to the rafters or trusses by the means of
cleats.
STRUCTVILLE RESEARCH
In their design life, purlins are subjected to dead load (e.g self weight of sheeting materials and accessories), live load (e.g.
during maintenance services and repairs), and environmental loads (e.g. wind and snow load). Therefore, a purlin should
be adequately strong to withstand the loads it will encounter during its design life, and should not sag in an obvious
manner thereby giving the roof sheeting an undulating and/or unpleasant appearance. This post will be focusing on design
of steel purlin using cold formed sections.
Arrangement of Purlins
By default, purlin sections assume the slope of the roof they are supporting. The spacing of purlins usually call for careful
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5/17/2019 How to Design Roof Purlins: A Solved Example - Structville
arrangement, in the sense that it should follow the nodal pattern of the supporting trusses. What I mean in this regard is
that purlins should be placed at the nodes of trusses and not on the members themselves so as not to induce secondary
bending and shear forces in the members of the truss. Furthermore, if manual analysis is employed to analyse a truss
loaded in such manner, such secondary stresses cannot be captured since we normally assume pinned connections.
Cold formed Z (Zed) and C (channel) sections are normally speci ed for purlins in steel structures (see their form in image
below).
As compared with thicker hot rolled shapes, they normally offer the advantages of lightness, high strength and stiffness,
easy fabrication and installations, easy packaging and transportation etc. The connection of purlins can be sleeved or
butted depending on the construction method adopted. You can purchase or download the previe
highly interactive design manual by clickin
In terms of arrangement, we can have single spans with staggered sleeved/butt arrangement, single/double span with
staggered sleeve arrangement, double span butt joint system, and single span butt joint system. The choice of the
arrangement to be adopted can depend on the supply length of the sections as readily available in the market, the need to Click on this image to grab your copy of th
interesting textbook on swimming pool an
avoid wasteful offcuts, the loading and span of the roof, the arrangement of the rafters etc. Therefore the roof designer
underground water tank design
must plan from start to nish. However, single and double span butt joint system are the most popular in Nigeria, due to
their simplicity, and the culture of adopting shorter roof spans in the country. However, they are less structurally e cient
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than sleeved connections.
Ranks Ubani
Design Example View my complete pro le
We are to provide a suitable cold formed channel section for the purlin of the roof arrangement shown below.
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Partial Factor for loads (BS EN 1990 NA 2.2.3.2 Table NA.A1.2(B)) Analysis of Trusses Using D
Permanent action γG = 1.35 (unfavourable) Stiffness Method: A Solved
3000/45 = 66.667
Minimum width = 0.5L/60 = (3000/2)/60 = 25
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Try C120-15 section (C – purlin) (Section picked from Albion Technical Manual, 2010).
Structural Design of Flat Sla
Eurocode 2
Section Properties
Ranks Ubani May 16, 201
In the design of purlins using EN 1993-1-3:2006, we normally utilise the effective section properties. This calculation is
actually very tedious and prone to error, hence it is very advisable to obtain information from manufacturer's details or you Simpli ed Design of Welded
can a write a program using Microsoft Excel or MATLAB for such calculations. However, I am going to make a sample Connection to Eurocode 3
Ranks Ubani May 04, 201
calculation for the section that we are considering.
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Depth = 120mm;
Flange width = 50mm;
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Lips/Edge Fold = 15mm;
Steel core thickness (t) = 1.5 – 0.05 = 1.45mm (Note that EN 1993-1-3:2006 recommends a thickness of 0.04mm for zinc
Structville Engineering
coated sections, but we are using 0.05mm here) 9,026 likes
Width of edge fold cp = C – tnom/2 = 15 – 1.5/2 = 14.25mm Be the first of your friends to like this
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The effect of rounding corners due to root radius has been neglected in this design.
BEAMS (29) BRIDGES (6)
Abr = t(2cp + bp1 + bp2 + hp) = 1.45[(2 × 14.25) + 48.5 + 48.5 + 118.5)] = 353.8 mm2 CONCRETE (6) CONNECTION DESIGN (2)
Effective section properties of the ange and lip in compression (clause 3.7.2) MATERIALS ENGINEERING (3) OPINION (
Effective width of the compressed ange;
PLASTIC ANALYSIS (2) PROGRAMMING
The stress ratio ψ = 1.0 (uniform compression)
kσ = 4 for internal compression element (clause 3.7.2 Table 3.5) PROMOTIONS (8) QUANTITY ESTIMATION
Effective Width of the edge fold (lip) Clause 3.7.3.2.2 Equation 3.47
The buckling factor is;
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5/17/2019 How to Design Roof Purlins: A Solved Example - Structville
So kσ = 0.5
We now have to use the initial effective cross-section of the stiffener to determine the reduction factor, allowing for the
effects of the continuous spring restraint.
The elastic critical buckling stress for the edge stiffener is;
b1 is the distance of the web to the centre of the effective area of the stiffener in compression ange (upper ange);
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5/17/2019 How to Design Roof Purlins: A Solved Example - Structville
Therefore;
So the elastic critical buckling stress for the edge stiffener is;
As the reduction factor for buckling is less than 1.0, we can optionally iterate to re ne the value of the reduction factor for
buckling of the stiffeners according to clause 5.5.3.2(3). But we are not iterating in this post.
Therefore;
χd = 0.862
be2 = 23.4255 mm
ceff = 14.25mm
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Therefore, the effective width of the zone in compression of the web is;
heff = ρhc = 1.0 × 61.252 = 61.252mm
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Aeff = 1.45 × [14.25 + 48.5 + 24.5 + 93.992 + 23.4255 + (23.4255 + 14.25) 0.862]
zc = 1.45[(14.25 × 111.375) + (48.5 × 118.5) + (93.992 × 71.504) + 300.125 + 87.5199] / 343.858 = 60.903 mm
LOAD ANALYSIS
Permanent loads
Employing long span aluminium roo ng sheet (gauge thickness = 0.55mm)
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Live load
For a roof with 20° slope and no access except for normal repairs and maintenance, let us adopt a live load of 0.75 KN/m2
Wind Load
At a spacing of 1.2m;
STATIC SYSTEMS
We are adopting two possible systems that will offer us continuous and single span systems. The 6m span is based on
supply length.
Static Model 1
Static Model 2
Load Case 1
When Dead load and live load are acting alone;
q = 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk = 1.35(0.230) + 1.5(0.9) = 1.6605 KN/m
Model 1
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Model 2
Load Case 2
When Dead load, live load and wind load are acting alone;
q = 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk + 0.9Wk
Where the live load is the leading variable action
q = 1.35(0.230) + 1.5(0.9) – 0.9 (1.522) = 0.2907 KN/m
Model 1
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Model 2
Load Case 3
When Dead load and wind load are acting alone;
q = 1.0Gk - 1.5Wk
Where dead load is favourable
q = 1.0(0.230) - 1.5(1.522) = -2.053 KN/m
Model 1
Model 2
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Therefore;
The shear buckling strength (fbv) which is based on the relative web slenderness can be obtained from the table below
Where λw ̅ is the relative slenderness for webs without longitudinal stiffeners.
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De ection Check
Maximum de ection under SLS (1.0gk + 1.0qk) = 0.07mm
Limiting de ection = L/200 = 3000/200 = 15 mm
Since 0.07 < 15mm, de ection is OK!
Therefore, the channel Z120-15 section is adequate for the applied load.
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