FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIROMENTAL ENGINEERING

BFC32403

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

SECTION 2

PROJECT

INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

(PPNJ POULTRY & MEAT SDN. BHD. MACHAP)

PROF. DR. AHMAD TARMIZI BIN ABD KARIM

DR NUR ADILA BINTI AB. AZIZ

NAME MATRIC NO.

MOHAMAD FAEIZ BIN MOHAMAD SHUKRI DF150009
MOHAMAD SYAFIK BIN ADNAN DF150048
MOHAMMAD HANIF BIN MOHD SALEHAN DF150055
MOHAMAD SYAZWI AKRAM BIN AB RAZAK DF150014
 CONTENT

TITLE PAGES
1.0 Introduction
 Objective 1

2.0 Background Study

 General about Wastewater Treatment Process 2
 Regulations
 Standard Water Discharge/Quality Parameters
3.0 Field Study
 Industry Background 5
 Location
 Organization Chart
4.0 Application
 Treatment Process 7

5.0 Conclusion
 Summary 14
 Recommendation

6.0 Attachments
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1.0 Introduction

Wastewater is the water that comes from the result of domestic residences, commercial
properties, industries, and agriculture activities. In most situation, it refer to the municipal
wastewater that contains a broad spectrum of contaminants resulting from the mixing of
wastewater from different resources.

Generally, industry create a lot of wastewater. This wastewater need to be treated before
it released into the sewer or river. This is to ensure no harmful result that can affect the health
of the people surrounding that industries place and at the same time can protect our
environment in the good condition.

1.1 Objectives

 Use the engineering concept while solving the problem about environment
 Put the environment as the high priority when do the decision

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2.0 Background Study

2.1 General about wastewater Treatment Process

Wastewater treatment plants, also called sewage treatment plants or water pollution control
plants, remove most pollutants from wastewater before it is released to local waterways. It
includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove these contaminants and
produce environmentally safer treated wastewater. It is also can be applied to purely industrial
wastewater. This process is called industrial wastewater treatment or pre-treatment. Industrial
effluent usually receives at least pre-treatment if not full treatment at the factories themselves
to reduce the pollutant load, before discharge to the sewer. Industrial wastewater may contain
pollutants which cannot be removed by conventional sewage treatment. Also, variable flow of
industrial waste associated with production cycles may upset the population dynamics of
biological treatment units, such as the activated sludge process. Sewage treatment generally
involves three stages, called primary, secondary and tertiary treatment.

Primary treatment consists of temporarily holding the sewage in a quiescent basin

where heavy solids can settle to the bottom while oil, grease and lighter solids float to
the surface. The settled and floating materials are removed and the remaining liquid
may be discharged or subjected to secondary treatment. Some sewage treatment plants
that are connected to a combined sewer system have a bypass arrangement after the
primary treatment unit. This means that during very heavy rainfall events, the secondary
and tertiary treatment systems can be bypassed to protect them from hydraulic
overloading, and the mixture of sewage and storm water only receives primary
treatment.
Secondary treatment removes dissolved and suspended biological matter. Secondary
treatment is typically performed by indigenous, water-borne micro-organisms in a
managed habitat. Secondary treatment may require a separation process to remove the
micro-organisms from the treated water prior to discharge or tertiary treatment.
Tertiary treatment is sometimes defined as anything more than primary and secondary
treatment in order to allow ejection into a highly sensitive or fragile ecosystem
(estuaries, low-flow rivers, coral reefs). Treated water is sometimes disinfected
chemically or physically (for example, by lagoons and microfiltration) prior to
discharge into a stream, river, bay, lagoon or wetland, or it can be used for the irrigation

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 of a golf course, green way or park. If it is sufficiently clean, it can also be used for
groundwater recharge or agricultural purposes.

2.2 Regulations

EPA regulates the discharge and treatment of wastewater under the Clean Water Act (CWA).
The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) issues permits to all
wastewater dischargers and treatment facilities. These permits establish specific discharge
limits, monitoring and reporting requirements and may also require these facilities to undertake
special measures to protect the environment from harmful pollutants.
Laws and Regulations
 NPDES Program Basics
 NPDES Topics: regulatory information by program area, such as animal
feeding operations, combined sewer overflows, pesticides and more.
 Clean Water Act Section 319: The Nonpoint Source Management Program.
Compliance
 NPDES Compliance Monitoring
 NPDES Training Courses and Workshops: for permit writers, dischargers and
others.
 View NPDES Individual and General Permits

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2.3 Standard Water Discharge/Quality Parameters

Malaysia Sewage and Industrial Effluent Discharge Standards. According to Malaysia's

Environmental Law, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT, 1974, the Malaysia
Environmental Quality (Sewage and Industrial Effluents) Regulations, 1979, 1999, 2000:

PARAMETER LIMITS OF EFFLUENT OF STANDARDS A AND B

Parameter Unit Standard A B

(1) (2) (3) (4)

(i) Temperature °C 40 40

(ii) pH Value 6.0 - 9.0 5.5 - 9.0

(iii) BOD5 at 20°C mg/l 20 50

(iv) COD mg/l 50 100

(v) Suspended Solids mg/l 50 100

(vi) Mercury mg/l 0.005 0.05

(vii) Cadmium mg/l 0.01 0.02

(viii) Chromium, Hexavalent mg/l 0.05 0.05

(ix) Arsenic mg/l 0.05 0.10

(x) Cyanide mg/l 0.05 0.10

(xi) Lead mg/l 0.10 0.5

(xii) Chormium, Trivalent mg/l 0.20 1.0

(xiii) Copper mg/l 0.20 1.0

(xiv) Manganese mg/l 0.20 1.0

(xv) Nickel mg/l 0.20 1.0

(xvi) Tin mg/l 0.20 1.0

(xvii) Zinc mg/l 1.0 1.0

(xviii) Boron mg/l 1.0 4.0

(xix) Iron (Fe) mg/l 1.0 5.0

(xx) Phenol mg/l 0.001 1.0

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3.0 Field Study

3.1 Industry Background

PPNJ Poultry & Meat Sdn Bhd (PPMSB) was incorporated on 23 July 1992 under the name of
Lembayung Saujana Sdn Bhd with its shareholders comprising the State Farmers' Organization
about 51% and the rest by Nafas and Marditech Sdn Bhd with a paid-up capital of RM600,000.

In line with the establishment of the PPNJ chicken industry in 2002, PPNJ acquired all
the shares of Nafas and Maritech Sdn Bhd and this enabled PPMSB to be 100% owned and has
injected chicken industry activities into this company. Officially handing over the chicken
industry comprising Contract Farming, Processing and Marketing Factory was conducted on 1
January 2004 and the chicken industry has become a major new activity to this company.

On 10 June 2004, the name Lembayung Saujana Sdn Bhd was changed to PPNJ Poultry
& Meat Sdn Bhd, in line with the intention of PPNJ to move actively in the poultry industry to
meet the food chain.

Through this activity, PPMSB can provide employment opportunities to locals

especially people that live around Machap in the production of chicken products. This activity
has the potential to be developed. Core activities PPNJ Poultry & Meat Sdn Bhd is producing
processed chicken products as well as downstream products starting from slaughter, chicken
clearing, cutting and packing of chicken products.

3.2 Location

Figure 3.1: Location of PPNJ Poultry & Meat Sdn Bhd

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3.3 Organization Chart

IR TH HJ ZULKAFLI
BIN MAT RANI
PENGURUS BESAR

MOHAMAD MUHAMMAD
SITI HAJAH BINTI ROZAIDAWATI NAZWAN BIN NUR BAIZURA
SHAHROLNIZAM SYAH ROZI BIN
NASIR BINTI YUSOFF MOHD AMIN BINTI RAZALI
BIN HUSSIN AWI
KETUA BAHAGIAN PENTADBIRAN EKSEKUTIF KAWALAN KUALITI & AKAUTAN & KETUA AUDIT KETUA BAHAGIAN LADANG
& KEWANGAN KREDIT LOGISTIK DALAMAN KONTRAK
EKSEKUTIF PENGELUARAN KETUA BAHAGIAN PEMASARAN

MUHAMMAD
NORHIDAYU BINTI TN HJ ANUAR BIN RUBIAH BINTI FAZLINA BINTI
IZZUDIN BIN ALIAS ARIF BIN ABD
WAGIMIN KUSASIR JOHURAN SAHIDON
JALIL
JUNIOR EKSEKUTIF
PENYELIA LOGISTIK LEADER KAWALAN KUALITI PEMBANTU MAKMAL PENYELIA PENGELUARAN PENGELUARAN PENYELIA

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4.0 Application

The production of chicken product will produce a wastewater. This wastewater must be treated
first before it can be release into the drainage system. The treated water also can be used for
cleaning purpose. The company used typical wastewater treatment process.

4.1 Treatment Process

Table 1: Methodology of waste water treatment

Waste water

Filtration Machine

Waste tank

Strainer

Equalization tank

Daff Scammer

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 Aeration Tank Sludge Holding tank

Treatment water

Wastewater

This wastewater is produced from water used which has been used in slaughtering operations.
The water was initially clean water and was trodden in the direction of the slaughtered chicken
to clean the blood from the slaughter. This waste water was discharged through small drainage
to filter and carry out further treatment process.

Figure 4.1: Waste water from slaughtering operation

Filtration Machine

This filtering process is to isolate water and also chicken feathers. This processing also
separates solid materials into drainage such as chicken head, skin and chicken legs. All the
refined ingredients will be put into the basket before disposal at the place of disposal. Cleaning
of this solid material will be done by the cleaning contractor by bringing solid waste by truck.

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The method used is quite long by lifting solid waste by hand and inserting into the lorry. Then
the lorry will bring to the garbage disposal center. This cleaning contractor will come two times
a day.

Figure 4.2: Solid waste separation with water

Waste tank

The waste tank is used to store filtered waste water before performing the treatment process.
This tank is also used to obtain biomass gas. This biomass gas is carried out by the Ministry of
Health

Figure 4.3: Waste water collected to waste tank

Strainer

Strainer is filtering the waste water. This filter is smaller to filter the smaller impurities before
being treated. The wastewater is pumped out of the waste tank and the strainer will filter the
waste water before entering the equalization tank.

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 Figure 4.4: Strainer use as filtration from impurities

Equalization tank

Effluent from the collection tank comes to the equalization tank in wastewater treatment. The
main function is to act as buffer. The equalization tank stores this effluent and lets it out during
the non-peak time when there is no /little incoming effluent.

Figure 4.5: Equalization tank

Daf skimmer

Daf skimmer is water treatment process that clarifies wastewaters (or other waters) by the
removal of suspended matter such as oil or solids. The removal is achieved by dissolving air in
the water or wastewater under pressure and then releasing the air at atmospheric pressure in a
flotation tank basin

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 Figure 4.6: Daf skinner to remove suspended mater

Aeration Tank

Aeration tank is to allow vigorous growth of useful aerobic microbes into flocs by constantly
agitating primary effluent and pumping air into it. These microbes further consume the major
part of the organic matter in the effluent thus treating the effluent. As a result of this digestion
produces sludge that will pump into sludge holding tank. The value of bacteria in this tank can
not be more and less. The value of bacteria in the tank needs to be at optimum rate because it
affects the production of water treatment.

Figure 4.7: Aeration tank contain bacteria

Sludge holding tank

This sludge is a result of the remaining bacterial digestion. This sludge holding tank serves to
store residuals from the digestive bacteria. This tank will operate simultaneously with aeration
tank.

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 Figure 4.8: Sludge from bacteria digestion

Treatment water

The treated water will be released from the aeration tank after the treatment. This water is
released into surface water like a river. Some of these water treatments will also be used to
wash dirt from chicken slaughter and cleaning purpose. Water quality testing will be done every
month to make sure the water is up to standard. The pH value checked also in the good range
for usage of other purpose.

Figure 4.9: Water discharge Figure 4.10: Treatment water

Figure 4.11: pH value of treated water

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4.2 Additional Information

During the visit, Jabatan Alam Sekitar, Kementarian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia
is conducting an experiment of converting wastewater into a biogas. The concept is the
wastewater has ammonia that can be turn into biogas.

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5.0 Conclusion

To summarize, wastewater can be treated by the right method such as water treatment process.
The company used the right method to do the treatment. The treated water also has been
discharge at the right drainage system and also has been used for the cleaning purpose. All
industries can create a wastewater especially the industry that create a food product. With the
proper treatment process, all the harm materials in the wastewater can be filtered and remove
first before it has been discharge.

5.1 Recommendations

 The company need to repair certain broken system as soon as possible for the smooth
wastewater treatment process.
 The company should exchange or repair the damaged fence between the tanks at the
wastewater treatment area.

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6.0 Attachments

Figure 6.1: Students with Mdm Nur Baizura binti Razali as a Supervisor

Figure 6.2: Drainage system inside the Figure 6.3: Drainage system inside the
processing area processing area

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Figure 6.4: Example of treated water that Figure 6.5: One of the activities of
can be used for cleaning purpose processing

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