BOND TEST

TP- 7006 Revision Date: 10/09/02 Page 1

1. SCOPE
This procedure outlines the approved method of evaluating clays in molding sands at a temper
moisture level of 2.5%.
2. SUMMARY
All bond materials tested are compensated for their natural moisture content.
All bond materials are tested in a sand mixture on a round grain, washed silica sand of American
Foundrymen's Society Grain Fineness Number (AFS GFN) 60 to 64. The Arlington Heights official
sand is Unimin Incast 60 Oregon silica sand, a 4 screen silica sand of AFS GFN 62.
Local testing sands that do not meet these specifications must be examined and approved by the
Arlington Heights Technical Center in advance of use by any of American Colloid Company's
laboratories.
3. APPARATUS
LABORATORY MULLER
3.1 The laboratory muller used by ACC to test clays is a standard 24-inch diameter that is
manufactured by National Engineering Company.
3.2 Alternate equipment that is available and identified.
Equipment required to perform strength and other selected tests on the prepared sand mixture.
See test procedure index and the specific procedures for equipment required for each selected
test.
4. MATERIALS
Washed silica sand, Incast 60 or equivalent
Bond material to be evaluated
Deionized or distilled water
Typical Batch Sizes:
10,256 grams (10,000 gram dry basis) 5,128 gram (5,000 gram dry basis)
9500 grams sand (dry basis) 4,750 grams sand (dry basis)
500 grams bond (dry basis) 250 grams bond (dry basis)
256 grams deionized or distilled water 128 grams deionized or distilled water
 BOND TEST

TP- 7006 Revision Date: 10/09/02 Page 2

5. PROCEDURE
5.1 Determine the moisture content of the bond material to be evaluated using Amcol test
procedure #1009 “Moisture Determination”, or TP #7040, “CSC Moisture Balance.”
5.2 Determine the amount of bond to be used (moisture corrected), using the following formulas:
a. For 5,128-gram batch
250 g = Bond (in grams)
(100 - %M) x 0.01
b. For 10,256-gram batch
500 g = Bond (in grams)
(100 - %M) x 0.01
where %M = percent moisture as determined in step 5.1
5.3 Place sand (4,750 grams for 5,128-gram batch, or 9,500 for 10,256-gram batch) into muller.
Place the cover on the muller.
5.4 Start the muller and add the temper water to the sand. The amount of water to add is
determined as follows:
a. For 5,128 gram batch
128 g – (Bond – 250 g) = Water (in grams)
b. For 10,256 gram batch
256 g – (Bond – 500 g) = Water (in grams)
Where Bond is the amount of bond determined in step 5.2. The target temper water is 2.5%
by total batch weight. Additional water may be required to compensate for water loss during
mulling. Typically, an additional 0.2% water is required to achieve the target of 2.5 but the
amount of additional water required to ensure target is met should be determined.
5.5 Mull sand/water mixture long enough to ensure sand is wetted (typically 1 minute).
5.6 Turn muller off, wait for muller wheel assembly to stop moving, remove the cover from the
muller, and add the bond to the sand/water mixture by distributing the bond throughout the
muller.
5.7 Turn the muller on and mull the sand/bond/water mixture for 8 minutes ± 10 seconds.
5.8 Turn muller off, wait for muller wheel assembly to stop moving, remove the cover from the
muller, and remove the mulled sample. Place the mulled sample in a plastic bag and seal the
bag, or place the sample in some other air-tight container to minimize loss of moisture.
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TP- 7006 Revision Date: 10/09/02 Page 3

5.9 Perform required testing, following appropriate procedures. Typical testing on mulled
samples includes:
Moisture Content – Green Sand (TP-1009 or 7040)
Compactability Number Determination (TP-7008)
Wet Tensile Strength (if available) (AFS 2206-00-S)
Green Compression Strength Determination (TP-7013 & TP-7014)
Dry Compression Strength Determination (TP-7009 & TP-7010)
Hot Compression Strength Determination (TP-7018)
5.10 The target temper water is 2.5 % by total batch weight. If the actual moisture content is
slightly higher or lower, adjust green and dry strengths as follows:
GCS (corrected) = GCS (measured) – 4.2 (2.5 – Actual Moisture)
DCS (corrected) = DCS (measured) + 100 (2.5 – Actual Moisture)
NOTE: All reports of properties determined on mulled samples prepared by this procedure should
state: “Samples mulled for 8 minutes at 5% bond (dry basis) and 95% AFS GFN 62 silica
sand (dry basis), and XX% temper moisture (XX% is as determined in this procedure).”
Additionally, indicate the model of strength equipment used (e.g. GF Disa 401 or 405, or
Simpson-Gerossa).