FACTUAL REPORT TEXT

 DEFINITION
Factual report text is A text that describe something based on the fact not theory or personal
opinion
 PURPOSE
The purpose of factual report text is To give an information about something such as animals,
plants, and phenomenon as the result of analysis or investigation.

 THE GENERIC STRUCTURE

 General Classification
Statements that describe the common subject of the report, common description, and
classification.
 Description
tells what the phenomenon under discussion, in terms of parts, qualities, habits, or
behavior.

 LANGUAGE FEATURES
 The Simple Present Tense
is mostly used in a report text because report texts talk about facts.

Examples:
- Gallus domesticus is the chicken that is classified as domestic animal.
- Chickens eat other animals and plants.

 Linking Verbs
is used to relate the subject and the condition of the subject. Such as Is, are, have, has,
get, look, resemble, belong, appear

Examples:
- The most common perception of volcano is of a conical mountain.
- Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA.

 Behavioral Verbs
refer to the psychological behavior of living things.

Examples:
- They usually live for about ten years.
- Domestic chickens cannot fly like birds.
 The example:
RAMADHAN
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. It is a time when Muslims across the world
will fast during the hours of daylight. Ramadan is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam.
The Qur'an was first revealed to the Prophet Muhammad during this month. The actual
night that the Qur'an was revealed is a night known as Lailut ul-Qadr ('The Night of Power’).
Almost all Muslims try to give up bad habits during Ramadan, and some will try to
become better Muslims by praying more or reading the Qur'an. Many Muslims will attempt to
read the whole of the Qur'an at least once during the Ramadan period. Many will also attend
special services in Mosques during which the Qur'an is read.
Fasting is intended to help teach Muslims self-discipline, self-restraint and generosity.
It also reminds them of the suffering of the poor, who may rarely get to eat well. It is common
to have one meal (known as the suhoor), just before sunrise and another (known as the iftar),
directly after sunset.
Because Ramadan is a time to spend with friends and family, the fast will often be
broken by different Muslim families coming together to share in an evening meal.

NEWS ITEM
 DEFINITION
A text which inform the readers about events of the day that considered newsworthy or
important.
 PURPOSE
To inform or present the readers about newsworthy or important events of the day.

 GENERIC STRUCTURE
1. Newsworthy : it recounts the event in summary form.
2. Background events : They elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstance
3. Resource of Information : It contains comments by participants in, witnesses to and
authorities expert on the event.

 LANGUAGE FEATURES
 Using Simple Past Tense, e.g: We went to the zoo, She was happy, etc.
 Using Saying Verbs, e.g: ‘Said’, ‘Say’, ‘Tell’, ‘Was’, ‘Quoted’.
 Using Action Verbs, e.g: “Abdul Latif made that remark”.
 Using Adverbs, e.g: ‘Badly injured’, ‘the most beautiful bride in the world’, etc.
 Example:
Indonesian maid beheaded in Saudi Arabia
An Indonesian housemaid has been executed in Saudi Arabia after being convicted of killing
her employer, the Saudi Interior Minister said.
The woman was beheaded in the Southern Asir province in what was the second execution in
the country.
The maid was earlier found of suffocating her female boss and stealing her jewellery. Rape,
murder and other serious crimes can carry the death penalty in the conservative desert kingdom.
Last year, Saudi Arabia, which follow a strict intepretation of Syaria, Islamic law executed
more than 130 people.
(Taken from: www.news.bbc.co.id)

NOTICE, CAUTION, WARNING, AND PROHIBITION

 DEFINITION
Notice: is used to address practices not related to personal injury.
Caution: indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor injury.
Warning: indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.
Prohibition: indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury

 PURPOSE
- to give an instruction/ to instruct people to ...
- to inform people to ...
- to advice/to suggest/to recommend people to ...
- to remind people to ...

 GENERIC STRUCTURE
- attention gather (optional)
- information
- closure (optional)
 LANGUAGE FEATURES
- using imperative mood (imperative sentence)
- using declarative reference
- not necessarily sequenced in time
- spoken/written language features
- kinds of notice and their examples

ADVERTISEMENT
 DEFINITION
A text which gives information about a job or an event that is going to happen.

 PURPOSE
To Advertise or promote something to the reader for buying the product.

 KIND OF ADVERTISEMENT
1. Product
2. Service
3. Job vacancy
4. Lost and found

 GENERIC STRUCTURE
1. Name of product
2. Interesting design
3. The selling point of the product
4. How to get the product

 LANGUAGE FEATURES
1. Should be Concise and Clear
2. Shouldn’t be Too Long
3. Shouldn’t Covers False Claims and Deceptive Methods
4. Shouldn’t Hurts the Sentiments of People
5. Shouldn’t be Unethical or Abusive

EXAMPLE
 PERSONAL LETTER
DEFINITION
Generally written to a friend or relative-there are five parts to a personal letter.
GENERIC STRUCTURE
1. Date: It is the month, day and year that the letter is written on
2. Greeting: Some times we call it “salutation”. It is the introductory phrase. It can be a
phrase like:
Ex:
Dear Tono, Dear My friend, Dear My Brother, etc
Body: All kinds of letter formal or informal have the letter body. This is the complete text of
the letter or the subject matter content.
3. Closing: It is the farewell phrase. That is a word that precedes the signature and is followed
by a comma. The phrases can be like; Yours truly, Sincerely, Respectfully yours, Regards, etc.
4. Signature: This the place where you writ your name and signature.