SYED RAZA 25/03/19

Thrust augmentation
Water injection. This is a method used for gaining extra thrust in an engine. This is a method of
extracting more power from internal combustion engines. Purification of the water is needed to
prevent rust in the engine.

We would either use methanol which is a pre-mixed solution. Methanol is a fuel. The advantages of
fuel injection result in reduced inlet temperatures and increased combustion rate.

Or we can just water. The water is used to cool the turbine by using a water spray nozzle which cools
the combustion chamber which means we can add more fuel. After this the methanol Is used for
more combustion as methanol is just fuel.

Water injection allows water to be injected via additional nozzles built into the fuel spray nozzles.
Operation of the water injection system automatically resets the fuel control unit so ore can fuel can
flow. Due to the limitation of heat building up on the engine we don’t carry more fuel as water is
used for cooling purposes as well as more power.

Water methanol

Dart turboprop. This system has 2 functions.

1. Switching water-methanol flow through the unit when the throttle moves to the take-off
position
2. Regulating rate flow based upon engine power and atmospheric pressure.

The power of a gas turbine fluid is air the more air e can get through the more power we can get
through. First we can compress then we can change the density of the air.

The 2 main reasons for natural causes of reduced air pressure are

1. Increased altitude
2. Increased temperature.

However the engine power can be restored in some circumstances by cooling the airflow.

There are 2 methods of water injection

 Injecting as a spray into the compressor air intake. Spraying into the intake is more effective
for centrifugal compressors than the axial compressor. When water methanol mixes with
fuel at compressor intakes the temperatures of the air is reduced. If we just used water
injection it would reduce the turbine inlet temperature and cause an increased fuel flow
rate.
 Injecting directly into the combustion chamber so it cools down so more fuel can be added
in. injection into the combustion chamber used to be carried out on an older engine.

The reason Methanol is used is that it has bio-products which are useful to aircraft in flight. Its
characteristics such as its low freezing point and the way it burns are two more reasons why
methanol is used. Water injection results in an increased mass flow rate through the engine. Due to
the water injection system being used, temperatures drop which results in increased fuel flow to
restore the maximum speed of an engine.
SYED RAZA 25/03/19

For example in a harrier 50 gallon of water would be used for 90 seconds for extra thrust. This
increase in thrust can be necessary for a dog fight. Below you have an example of a harrier using its
water injection system.