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9 Hasil - The main issues introduced by Bill Clinton were After analyzing Hillary Clinton speech by analyzing the As it has been known, in his speech, SBY is using
concluded by summarizing 12 discourse strands text structure; macrostructure, superstructure, language to convey information. Otherwise, the
derived from 17 paragraph of official transcript of microstructure, social cognition and social context, the delivery of information is conducted in less
the Inaugural address. Every issue of the paragraph writer concludes that there are some important points in coherent, this makes the information becomes less
is summarized into one phrases to reveal the Hillary speech text. The points will be explained as obvious, so the messages which are captured by the
macrostructure. The analysis summed up the follows: 1. Hillary tried to create the impression, that she addresses are not optimal. As the addition, the
inauguration address “To renew America in terms of is the part of LGBT (Lesbian, Gay. Bisexual and Trans- language used by SBY can be seen through the
sacrificing nation effort, face global challenge, and gender) which get discriminations. It can be analyzed process types and the linguistic features of genre. In
revitalize administration by means of the power of from syntactic element. Hillary mostly used pronoun the process types, material process is the most
people and the idea of liberal democracy” The “our” to limit the distance between herself and the dominant used. As it has been known, it is an
discourse strands at the beginning was built up audience. 2. Hillary also tries to attract the audiences activity to do something, for example the words
toward the listener, linking each strands from known support by mentioning the acts that she is ever done to ‘seek, capture, and prosecute’ in sentence [19]…
information to new information. protect LGBT. It can be observed by analyzing semantic More importantly, the law enforcers must truly
- There are 9 identified ideological components in Bill element analysis. She mentioned in detail the acts that seek, capture and prosecute the perpetrators,
Clinton’s Inaugural address. Those components were she ever did for protecting LGBT. 3. She is very careful in organizers, and masterminds behind this violence…
derived from 6 local meaning that interpreted with presenting his speech. She uses mild words. In stylistic Based on the example, those are not only words but
social situation and 3 local meaning that interpreted analysis mild word usage aims to get good response and also a real action which will be realized. Whereas
with social cognition. The analysis demonstrates also to make public receives the message well. 4. the linguistic features is seen through the use of
how ideological components is revealed; specifically, Liberalism ideology is drawn from the utterances in past tense. It means that the speech is conducted
inclusiveness, unity, renewal, strategic diplomacy, Hillary’s speech text. In the analysis of ideology, many after the bombing event occurred. It can be
global governance, welfare state, environmentalism, sentences in the speech text are supporting freedom, in concluded that through his speech SBY also can
collaboration, and healthcare. Those concealed this case, the freedom of human rights. calm the people, because by conducting an official
component of Bill Clinton was revealed using van speech, people realize that the government has
Dijk’s CDA concepts; namely, semantic already known about the incident that occurred. It
macrostructure, local meaning, social cognition, calms the people down because people know that
social situation, context model and event model. the situation and the condition have been under
- To ensure the newly proposed topics are easily control by the government.
adapted to the listener’s mind, Bill Clinton uses
macro-opinion. Macro-opinion in the form of
intertextuality is utilized to penetrate the mental
model’s defensive mechanism from accepting new
value. He used Declaration of the Independence of
America, Thomas Jefferson’s Quote, and Galatians
Scripture to justify his liberal ideals.
10 Refleksi/reko - Intended for fellow scholars whose future thesis is This research is aimed at finding text structures, social 1. It is worth for us to pay more attention and it is
mendasi using Discourse Analysis.It is important to use cognition and social context of Hillary speech text needed for us to know because CDA analysis is
/implikasi universal terms that has been accepted by discourse “American for Marriage Equality.” It is Linguistic research closely related with the problems that occur in the
scholars around the world. Use discourse strand which needs to be improved and explored. The environment around us. 2. As it is known that this
instead of topic and discourse fragment instead of improvement will enrich and deepen the theory of thesis talks about the criticism which shows
excerpt. Regarding the social context, there are two ideology and discourse structure. weaknesses. But it is not the only criticism, but it is
ways to point out where the context is taken. Use For further study in this subject, the other method and also discussed about how it should be better. So the
synchronic analysis to scrutinize one point of time type of discourse is can still be applied in this Hillary reader of this thesis is suggested to be a good
when the discursive event is happening. On the Clinton’s speech. For example: the next researchers may reader, in this case is becoming neutral because
other hand, use diachronic analysis to scrutinize two use the Fairclough discourse analysis method, focusing researcher does not have a purpose to criticize or
point of time when the discursive events is on representation, relation, and identity. They can also satirize certain parties
happening and the past before the discursive events apply visual discourse model to analyze the hidden
is happening to compare two sides of coins. For message visually in Hillary speech video. Hopefully, this
example, this research used diachronic analysis by research can benefit us all.
comparing Clinton’s deixis and Bush’s deixis in
addressing their audience.
- the researcher needs to be brave in expanding their
horizon outside their major study; specifically, a
linguist should use not only linguistic theory, but also
another new discipline. For example, in this
research, liberal discourse to assert his description,
interpretation, and explanation is utilized.
Comment on :
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF BILL CLINTON’S LIBERAL DISCOURSE, A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON HILLARY CLINTON’S SPEECH “AMERICAN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALITY”,
CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO'S SPEECH,
Pada jurnal pertama A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF BILL CLINTON’S LIBERAL DISCOURSE lebih menekankan pada analisis wacana yang bertujuan mengetahui ideologi Bill Clinton
dalam pidato pertamanya sebagai seorang Presiden. Bill Clinton yang sangat dikenal oleh kalangan masyarakat dengan begitu kharismatik dan paham politiknya yang sangat mengagumkan. Pada
analisis discourse ini peneliti menggunakan kualitatif method dengan descriptive analysis serta menggunakan Van Dijk’s CDA dalam menganalisi data. Ada beberapa langkah dalam Van Dijk’s CDA,
tetapi pada journal ini lebih menitik beratkan pada kualitas ucapan seorang Bill Clinton, padahal banyak hal yang bisa dikaji untuk mengetahui bagaimana paham politik seorang Bill Clintons,
Seperti apa saja yang mempengaruhi sehingga ada ucapan yang keluar dari seorang Bill Clinton latar belakang keluarga serta pendidikannya. Kata-kata yang digunakan bukan hanya penanda atau
identitas tetapi dihubungkan dengan ideologi tertentu, makna apa yang ingin dikomunikasikan pada khalayak, serta pihak-pihak yang diuntungkan dan mana pihak yang dirugikan dengan
pemakaian kata tersebut.
Pada Jurnal Kedua , A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON HILLARY CLINTON’S SPEECH “AMERICAN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALITY, bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pendapat Hillary
Clinton dalam “American for Marriage Equality”, sebagaimana kita ketahui seorang Hillary Clinton sangat memiliki pengaruh yang besar di US, seorang wanita yang memiliki power dan kharisma
dalam pemertintahan. Pada journal ini sumber datanya lebih merujuk pada bibliography dan setiap pidato hillary. Dalam hal ini Van Dijk’s CDA digunakan dalam menganalisis data, dengan
menganalisis setiap ucapan dan mengelompokkannya kedalam pengkategorian Van Dijk’s CDA. Pada journal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Hillary mendukung adanya LGBT di US. Meskipun banyak
yang menolak tetapi dia menyampaikannya dengan sangat hati-hati. Dalam journal ini hanya lebih fokus pada ucapan, seharusnya peneliti juga memperhatikan tindakan apa yang dilakukan oleh
Hillary Clinton dalam mendukung LGBT. Analisis wacana dimaksudkan sebagai suatu analisis untuk membongkar maksud-maksud dan makn-makna tertentu. Wacana adalah suatu upaya
pengungkapan maksud tersembunyi dari sang subjek yang mengemukakan suatu pernyataan.
Pada jurnal Ketiga CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO'S SPEECH, bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapat SBY tentang pemboman yang terjadi di jakarta.
Pidato pak SBY setelah terjadi pemboman dijakarta. Pada journal ini lebih menitik beratkan pada setiap kata seorang presiden setelah terjadi pemboman. Analisis discourse pada journal ini
menggunakan Huckin’s theory dalam menganalisi wacana SBY. Yang ditekankan disini ialah bagaimana pola pengaturan, penggabungan, penyusunan tersebut menimbulkan efek tertentu, apakah
membuat satu pihak diuntungkan atau punya citra positif dibandingkan pihak lain atau peristiwa tertentu dipahami dalam katagori tertentu yang lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan dengan
kategori pemahaman lain.
Conclusions:
Berdasarkan analisis ke tiga jurnal diatas, masing-masing memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, ketiganya menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Pada journa 1 dan
menggunakan Van Dijk CDA theory dan journal 3 menggunakan Huckin’s theory, berdasarkan maksud dan tujuan penelitian si peneiliti. Pada ketiga journal tersebut Bahasa dianalisis bukan
dengan menggambarkan semata dari aspek kebahasaan, tetapi juga menghubungkan dengan konteks. Konteks disini berarti bahasa itu dipakai untuk tujuan dan praktik tertentu, termasuk di
dalamnya praktik kekuasaan. Diharapkan kedepannya analisis wacana lebih bervariatif dengan menkombinasikan antara Van Dijk CDA theory dan Huckin’s theory dalam menganalisi suatu wacana.