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Limites de Operacion de Herramientas Direcionales
Limites de Operacion de Herramientas Direcionales
Downhole Equipment
Technical Specification Information
SPERRY DRILLING SERVICES
Downhole Equipment
Technical Specification Information
Contents
1. Introduction 3
3.1. Temperature 4
3.1.2. Motors 4
3.3. LCM 5
3.5.3. Motors 6
3.6.4. Motors 8
SPERRY DRILLING SERVICES
1. Introduction
This document provides information on the operation and handling of equipment supplied by Sperry
Drilling Services (SDS).
All Equipment supplied by SDS has a specified maximum limit of operation. Operating the equipment
close to these specified limits for certain parameters will cause accelerated wear or damage to the
equipment.
1. N
ormal Operating Range — the tools are run below the specified limit of operation or the start of
the harsh environment range if applicable.
2. H
arsh Environment Range — the tools are run below the specified limit of operation but the
conditions are at or close to the maximum limit which causes accelerated wear or possible damage
to the equipment.
3. E
xceeded Specified Limit — the tools are run in conditions outside of their designed operating limits
and immediate damage to, or excessive wear of, the tool is likely to occur.
Use of the equipment in either the harsh environment or above the specified limit reduces its useful
life. A repair charge will apply if a tool is used in the Harsh Environment Range and a higher charge
will apply if a tool has Exceeded a Specified Limit (ESL). The Price Book specifies these additional
charges.
The following sections define the Harsh Environment Range and Specified Limit of the controlling
technical specifications (e.g. temperature, weight on bit, dog leg severity and vibration).
Certain operational circumstances that immediately exceed the design specification of the tools are
also identified, (e.g. Rotation of the tools with no mud flow). If the equipment is operated under any of
these identified conditions it is regarded as Exceeding the Specified Limit. (ESL)
Where a specified limit has been exceeded any subsequent equipment failure will be deemed to be
caused by improper use of the tool and any non productive time should not be attributed to SDS.
• aximum tool rotation is the rotational speed of the sub, collar, motor or rotary steerable in
M
revolutions per minute.
• he maximum rotation level stated is only for drilling ahead in formation. When drilling cement
T
or rotating off bottom the maximum rotational level will need to be reduced based on the specific
operation. Any maximum rotation speed will also have to be determined by the specific operation
and with reference to vibration measurements.
• he torque specifications provided in the Technical Data Sheets are right hand (clockwise looking
T
downhole) torque.
• Maximum pressure, as stated in the Technical Data Sheets, is hydrostatic plus circulating pressure.
3.1. Temperature
High temperature is detrimental to the electronics, solder and elastomers used in SDS tools with this
degradation increasing exponentially with increasing temperature.
The table below details the start of the Harsh Environment Range and the Specified Limit for the tools.
Standard Tools Above 125 C (257 F) 140 C (284 F) or 150 C (302 F) [1]
[1] The Specified Limit for standard tools varies dependent upon the tool type.
3.1.2. Motors
The Temperature limit for SDS motors is dependent on the motor type and the operating differential
pressure used while drilling. Contact your Sperry Drilling Services representative for the specified
limits of the equipment intended for use.
3.3. LCM
The positive pulser has a limit of 40 lbm/bbl (114 kg/m3) medium nutplug, fine kwik seal lost
circulation material.
The negative pulser has a limit of 120 lbm/bbl (342 kg/m3) medium nutplug, fine kwik seal lost
circulation material.
Fibrous LCM material is not recommended and may lead to interruption in real-time mud pulse
telemetry. Strict adherence to the LCM manufacturer’s recommended concentration and mixing
guidelines is required.
4.75" [1]
3,750 1,700
[1] If a 4 ¾” tool is run in memory only mode without a pulser or if the 350 IFA (improved Flow Area) Pulser is used the mass flow limit is
5,000 lbm/min or 2,268 Kg/min.
For WOB and RPM a Harsh Environment Range is only defined for Motors, for all other tools only a
Specified Limit is defined.
3.5.3. Motors
String RPM
String RPM
Motor Size (Inches) WOB Harsh Environment
Specified Limit [2] [3]
Range [1]
Where:
9.50"
Rotating - Above 6 deg/100 Ft Rotating 8 deg /100 Ft
8.00"
Non Rotating Above 12 deg/100 Ft Non Rotating 14 deg /100 Ft
7.75"
6.50"
Rotating - Above 8 deg/100 Ft Rotating 10 deg /100 Ft
6.75"
Non Rotating Above 19 deg/100 Ft Non Rotating 21 deg /100 Ft
7.25"
4.75"
3.375" Rotating Above 12 deg/100 Ft Rotating 14 deg /100 Ft
3.50" Non Rotating Above 28 deg/100 Ft Non Rotating 30 deg /100 Ft
3.125"
[1] Maximum Dogleg Severity (DLS) in specific Technical Data Sheets refers to the maximum rate that can be tolerated for that specific
BHA configuration. Any deviations in BHA design, including the addition of components, rearrangement to enhance certain drilling
characteristics, or the use of third party BHA components, may change the stated DLS values.
[2] Certain geological conditions can create sudden sharp doglegs that are beyond the control of the directional company. Examples are
encountering geological faults, geological boundaries, or encountering boulders. If a sudden dogleg resulting from these conditions
occurs that exceeds the operating limit an ESL condition will result.
3.6.4. Motors
The Maximum Dogleg Severity for motors is dependant on the motor size and bend setting, the
dogleg severity limit of bent motors is specified in section 1.10 of the Sperry Drill Technical Information
Handbook. Contact your Sperry Drilling Services representative for the specified limits of the equipment
intended for use.
4. Drillstring Vibration
Tools that are subjected to vibration and shocks will have their expected life reduced or incur serious
damage. Tools that contain electronics and sensor packages are particularly vulnerable.
During drilling, reaming, and back reaming operations, vibration levels must be closely monitored
and maintained below the specified limit of the tools being used by applying vibration management
procedures. It is accepted that tools may be briefly exposed to high levels of vibration before the
vibration is controlled and hopefully eliminated but where those higher levels of vibration are sustained
then damage will result.
The attached tables define low, medium and high levels of vibration severity together with the specified
limit for various types of tool.
The specified limit is defined by reference to the measured severity of the vibration and either its
duration or number of events, the tool is deemed to have Exceeded Specified Limits when one of the
criteria is exceeded . The durations or number of events are cumulative for the individual tool string
being run.
The Harsh Environment Range is entered when equipment is subjected to high (red) vibration
levels on any axis for any period of time or a number of events that is less than that defined for the
specified limit.
Average X, Y in the high zone for 18 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Average Z in the high zone for 8 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Average X-Average Y in the high zone for 18 mins or greater and the tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak X or Y in the high zone for 150 events or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak Z in the high zone for 100 events or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
SSI between 100% and 150% for greater than 12 Hrs and tool is outside limits
SSI greater than 150% for greater than 30 mins and tool is outside limits
[1] The Harsh Environment Range for Geo-Pilot includes any period in the high vibration range that is less than 30 minutes.
Average X, Y in the high zone for 18 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Average Z in the high zone for 8 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Average X-Average Y in the high zone for 18 mins or greater and the tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak X or Y in the high zone for 150 events or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak Z in the high zone for 100 events or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
TEM between 50% and 25% for greater than 12 Hrs and tool is outside limits
TEM less than 25% for greater than 30 mins and tool is outside limits
Average X in the high zone for 18 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Average Z in the high zone for 8 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak X in the high zone for 10 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak Z in the high zone for 6.67 minutes or greater and the tools have exceeded specified limits
Average X, in the high zone for 18 minutes or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
Peak X in the high zone for 150 events or greater and tools have exceeded specified limits
M5™ Sensor-DDS2
The M5-DDS2 is a 3-axis device built into the M5 sensor collar with two pairs of accelerometers, one
low range and one high range, two are oriented for tangential and radial measurements (X and Y) and
one for an axial measurement (Z) Rotation is measured using magnetometers and RPM changes from
Torsional vibration are measured directly.
DDSr
The DDSr is the replacement for the DDS device; it has with two accelerometers oriented for tangential
and radial measurements (X and Y) and one for an axial measurement (Z). Rotation is measured using a
Gyroscope at temperatures below 130 degs C and magnetometers above this temp limit, RPM changes
from Torsional vibration are measured directly.
Information from each of the above sensors is available both real time and recorded.
Industry accepted good drilling and operating practices and specific recommendations as to the
operation of SDS equipment by SDS personnel must be followed at all times.
Where a specified operating limit has been exceeded then any subsequent equipment failure will be
deemed to be caused by improper use of the tool and any non productive time should not be attributed
to SDS.
Specific practices that will cause the equipments’ specified limit to be exceeded are:
• B
ackreaming or off bottom rotation with RPM exceeding the defined limits (Any off bottom
rotational speed should be determined by the specific operation and with reference to vibration
measurements).
• F
ailure to follow SDS supplied procedures for any rotation or reaming of equipment across
whipstocks.
• W
hen drilling out cement & shoe operating procedures and drilling parameters will be established
by the SDS service crew to prevent damage to equipment. Extra care must be taken when drilling
out a long rat hole where a large contrast between casing and hole ID exists.
• Pack-offs that occur above the tools and causes the pressure at the tool to exceed the pressure limit.
• T
ripping speeds must be monitored and adjusted to reasonable levels based on certain specific
conditions, well profiles and BHA configurations. For example changes in hole size, tripping through
casing shoes or liner tops, areas of known high dogleg, areas of known wellbore instability.
• R
easonable advance notice is required of changes in operational parameters including alterations to
the circulation system (pumping pills or slugs, mud weight, LCM, acid, etc.).
• Certain formations can be exceptionally abrasive and cause excessive collar wear.
• E
xcessive amounts of abrasive solids and/or extraordinarily abrasive solids will cause extensive
damage to tools. With increasing mud weight, the total solids concentration in the mud system
increases significantly, the damage (erosion) internally to the tools is a function of flow rate and
solids content. Low density solids are generally more abrasive and it is essential that proper fluid
cleaning systems are utilised to overcome this problem.
• M
etal shavings, filings, scale, low gravity formation solids, or other materials which enter into the
drilling fluid through normal operation or otherwise can cause erosion or other damage to tools. The
presence of abnormal levels of such abrasive materials is evidence of an ESL condition. When such
evidence is present and more then normal erosion is noted after strip down in the local workshop,
an ESL claim will be submitted.
• T
he use of lost circulation materials with other than fine to medium granularity or that is incorrectly
mixed.
• A
ll drilling fluids contain corrosive elements and damage to downhole tools will occur on the surface
where oxygen is available to fuel the reaction. As a consequence all tools must be thoroughly
flushed and hosed, externally and internally, after use in either OBM or WBM systems. The cleaning
fluid should have a low chloride content — in the order of fresh water (<500 ppm / <500 mg/litre). The
customer is required to provide facilities and clean water as well as the required rig time to perform
these procedures.
• A
ny application which results in physical damage beyond what is considered normal wear and tear
is considered to be an ESL condition.
• D
rilling with hematite, silicate, formate, lamimum or Ilmenite drilling fluids is known to accelerate
the wear or damage to the downhole tools. If these drilling fluids are to be used then the local
SDS representative should be contacted to obtain the specifications and procedures for the specific
application.
• A
ir drilling, Nitrogen injection / multiphase fluid, underbalanced drilling operations and snubbing
operations are deemed special operations not covered by the normal operating specifications
published in the data sheets.
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