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CLS Aipmt 18 19 XI Che Study Package 1 SET 1 Chapter 1
CLS Aipmt 18 19 XI Che Study Package 1 SET 1 Chapter 1
Solutions
SECTION - A
School/Board Exam. Type Questions
Very Short Answer Type Questions:
1. What is the SI unit of volume? What is the other common unit which is not a SI unit of volume?
Sol. The SI unit of volume is m3 whereas litre (L) is the common unit which is not an SI unit.
Sol. The thermometers with celsius scale are callibrated from 0° to 100° where there two temperatures are the
freezing and boiling of water.
Sol. A chemical equation in which the number of atoms of each element is equal on the reactant side and the
product side is called a balanced equation.
Sol. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per litre of the solution. Its SI unit is mol L–1.
7. Why is the law of Gay-Lussac not obeyed if any reactant or product is not a gas?
Sol. If any reactant or product is a liquid, the volume occupied by a liquid is extremely small and hence, the law
is not obeyed.
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2 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
9. How many significant figures are there in each of the following numbers?
(a) 15
(b) 1.053
(c) 0.0050
Sol. (a) Two (b) Four (c) Two
10. Perform the following calculations to the proper number of significant digits
(a) (2.00 × 10–2 km) + (4.2 × 10–2 km)
(b) (1.5 × 101 cm) × (8.0 × 102 cm) × (0.0100 m)
Sol. (a) 6.2 × 10–2 km
(b) (1.5 × 101 cm) × (8.0 × 102 cm) × (1 cm) = 12 × 103 cm3
⇒ 1.2 × 104 cm3
Short Answer Type Questions:
11. What does the following prefixes stand for?
(a) pico (b) nano
(c) centi (d) deci
Sol. (a) pico = 10–12 (b) nano = 10–9
(c) centi = 10–2 (d) deci = 10–1
12. Convert 35°C to °F and K.
9
Sol. °F = (°C) + 32
5
9
⇒ (35) + 32 = 63 + 32 = 95°F
5
K = °C + 273.15 = 35 + 273.15 = 308.15 K
13. (i) Calculate the percentage composition of the named element in the following compounds
(a) Al in KAl(SO4)2 ⋅ 12H2O
(b) Na in Na2SO4 ⋅ 10H2O
(ii) How many moles are present in following?
(a) 24.5 g H2SO4
(b) 4.00 g O2
Sol. (i) (a) Molar mass of KAl(SO4)2 ⋅ 12H2O
= 39 + 27 + (2 × 96) + (12 × 18)
= 474 g mol–1
Percent by mass of Al in KAl(SO4)2 ⋅ 12H2O
27
= × 100 = 5.69%
474
(b) Molar mass of Na2SO4 ⋅ 10H2O
= 2 × 23 + 96 + 10 × 18
= 322 g mol–1
23
∴ Percent by mass of Na = × 100 = 7.14%
322
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 3
(ii) (a) 98 g H2SO4 = 1 mol
24.5
∴ 24.5 g H2SO4 = = 0.25 mol
98
(b) 32 g of O2 = 1 mol
1
∴ 4.00 g of O2 = = 0.125 mol
8
14. State the rules to follow in rounding off a number.
Sol. (i) If the digit dropped is greater than 5, add 1 to the last remaining digit.
e.g., 62.138 will become 62.14
(ii) If the digit dropped is less than 5, the last remaining digit is not changed.
e.g., 28.133 will become 28.13
(iii) If the digit dropped is 5, the last remaining digit is left unchanged if it is even; 1 is added if it is odd.
e.g., 1.8245 will become 1.824
1.8235 will become 1.824
15. If the speed of Shatabdi express is 150 miles per hour, then express its speed in SI unit.
(1 mile = 1.6 km)
Sol. The SI unit for speed are ms–1
As given, 1 mile = 1.6 km = 1.60 × 103 m
1.60 × 103 m
∴ Conversion factor =
1 mile
1 hour = 60 × 60 s = 3.6 × 103 s
3.6 × 103 s
∴ Conversion factor =
1 hour
150 miles
Now speed =
hour
150 miles 1.60 × 103 m 1 hr
= × ×
hour 1 mile 3.6 × 103 s
= 66.66 ms–1
16. What is the law of constant proportions? Write with an example.
Sol. Law of constant proportions was proposed by Joseph Proust. This law states that “a chemical compound always
contains same elements combined together in same proportion by mass”.
For example, pure water obtained from different sources such as, river, well, spring, sea, etc., always contains
hydrogen and oxygen combined together in the ratio 1 : 8 by mass.
17. Copper and oxygen combine to form two oxides, the red cuprous oxide (Cu2O) and the black cupric oxide
(CuO). Show that these compounds follow the law of multiple proportions.
Sol. In red oxide (Cu2O) : 16 parts by mass of oxygen combine with 63.5 × 2 parts by mass of copper.
In black oxide (CuO) : 16 parts by mass of oxygen combine with 63.5 parts by mass of copper.
Ratio of masses of copper that combine with fixed mass of oxygen (16 parts). In these oxides is 63.5 × 2 : 63.5
or 2 : 1, which is a simple whole number ratio.
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4 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
18. Calculate the mole fraction of ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) and water in a solution in which 46 g of ethyl alcohol
and 90 g of water have been mixed.
Sol. w C2H5OH = 46 g
Meth = 46 g mol–1
46
∴ nC2H5OH = = 1 mol
46
w H2O 90
nH2O = = = 5 mol
MH2O 18
ntotal = 6 mol
neth 1
∴ xC2H5OH = = = 0.167
neth + nH2O 6
5
and xH O = = 0.833
2
6
19. A battery acid contains 24.5% by mass of H2SO4. What is the molality of the solution?
Sol. 24.5% by mass H2SO4 means 100 g solution contain 24.5 g H2SO4
∴ wH2SO4 = 24.5 g
24.5
nH2SO4 = = 0.25 mol
98
wH2O = 75.5 g
∴ nB 0.25
Molality (m) = × 1000 = × 1000
wA 75.5
m = 3.31 m kg–1
20. A sample of sodium hydroxide weighing 0.48 g is dissolved in water and the solution is made to
50.0 cm3 in a volumetric flask. What is the molarity of the resulting solution?
(molar mass of NaOH = 40)
Sol. Mass in g of NaOH = 0.48 g
0.48
Number of moles of NaOH = = 1.2 × 10 −2 mol
40
Volume of solution = 50 cm3 = 0.05 L
1.2 × 10 −2 mol
Molarity = = 0.24 M = 0.24 mol L−1
5.0 × 10 −2 L
21. What is the molality of a 1 L solution of H2SO4 which is 46% wt/vol?
(Density of solution = 1.40 g/cm3)
Sol. 46 wt/volume solution means 100 mL solution contains 46 g H2SO4. So 1 L (1000 mL) solution contains 460 g
H2SO4.
460
Therefore, number of moles of H2SO4 = = 4.69
98
and mass of solution = vol. × density = 1400 g
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 5
Then, mass of the solvent = mass of solution – mass of solute
= 1400 – 460 = 940 g
We know that
nsolute 4.69
Molality (m) = × 1000 = × 1000
w solvent 940
= 4.98 mol kg–1
22. An aqueous sugar syrup of mass 224.2 g contains 34.2 g of sugar (C12H22O11). Calculate
(i) the molality of the solution.
(ii) the mole fraction of sugar solution.
Sol. Molar mass of sugar = 342 g/mol
34.2
Moles of sugar = = 0.1
342
Mass of water = mass of solution – mass of sugar
= 224.2 – 34.2 = 190 g
moles of solute
(i) Molality = × 1000
mass of solvent (in grams)
0.1
= × 1000 = 0.52 mol kg–1
190
23. Calculate the molarity of pure water if its density at room temperature is 1.0 g/cm3.
Sol. Let the volume of water be 1 L = 1000 cm3
Mass of water = volume × density
= 1000 × 1 = 1000 g
1000
∴ Moles of water = = 55.55
18
55.55
and molarity of water = = 55.55 mol/L
1
24. The following reaction,
2Br–(aq) + Cl2(aq) ⎯→ 2Cl–(aq) + Br2(aq)
is used for the commercial preparation of bromine from its salts. Suppose we have 50.0 mL of a 0.080 M
solution of NaBr. What volume of a 0.050 M solution of Cl2 is needed to react completely with Br–?
Sol. The reaction given is
2Br–(aq) + Cl2(aq) ⎯→ 2Cl–(aq) + Br2(aq)
Number of moles of Br– = Number of moles of NaBr
50.0
= 0.080 mol L−1 × L
1000
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6 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
= 4.0 × 10–3
Number of moles of Cl2 required
1
= × No. of moles of Br– = 2 × 10–3 mol
2
The volume of aqueous Cl2 needed
Number of moles of Cl2
=
Molarity
2 × 10 −3 mol
= = 0.04 L = 40 mL
0.050 mol L−1
25. Write four points of Dalton’s atomic theory.
Sol. In 1808, Dalton published “A new system of chemical philosophy” in which he proposed the following :
1. Matter consists of indivisible atoms
2. All the atoms of a given element have identical properties including identical mass. Atoms of different
elements differ in mass.
3. Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio.
4. Chemical reactions involve reorganisation of atoms. These are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical
reaction.
26. Calculate the number of atoms in each of the following
(i) 4 mole atoms of nitrogen.
(ii) 0.4 mole molecules of nitrogen.
Sol. (i) 1 mole of atom of nitrogen = 6.022 × 1023 atoms
∴ 4 mole atoms of nitrogen = 4 × 6.022 × 1023 = 24.08 × 1023 atoms
(ii) 1 mole molecule of nitrogen = 6.022 × 1023 molecules
∴ 0.4 mole molecules of nitrogen
= 0.4 × 6.022 × 1023
= 2.408 × 1023 molecules
= 2 × 2.408 × 1023 atoms
= 4.816 × 1023 atoms
27. Express the following in the scientific notation
(i) 1,66,000
(ii) 1660
(iii) 0.0016
(iv) 166.0
Sol. (i) 1.66 × 105
(ii) 1.660 × 103
(iii) 1.6 × 10–3
(iv) 1.6 × 102
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 7
28. Express the following SI base units using power of 10 notations
(i) 2.35 millimoles
(ii) 2 day
(iii) 8.45 mL
(iv) 68 μg
(v) 0.0826 inch
Sol. (i) 1 mol = 103 millimole
∴ 2.35 millimole = 2.35 × 10–3 mole
(ii) 1 day has 24 hr i.e., 24 × 60 min i.e.,
24 × 60 × 60 s
Therefore, 2 day = 2 × 86400 s = 172800 = 1.72 × 105 s
(iii) 1 m3 = 103 L, therefore 1 mL = 10–6 m3
Hence, 8.45 mL = 8.45 × 10–6 m3
(iv) 1 μ = 10–6 g
∴ 68 μg = 68 × 10–6 g = 6.8 × 10–5 g
(v) 1 inch = 2.54 × 10–2 m
∴ 0.0826 inches = 0.0826 × 2.54 × 10–2 m
= 2.09 × 10–3 m
29. Zinc and hydrochloric acid react according to the reaction
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ⎯→ ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
If 0.40 mol Zn are added to hydrochloric acid containing 0.62 mol HCl, how many moles of H2 are produced?
0.40 mol Zn requires 2 × 0.40 = 0.80 mol HCl but only 0.62 mol of HCl are given.
Therefore, HCl is a limiting reactant.
1
Number of mole of H2 produced = × nHCl
2
1
= × 0.62 = 0.31 mol
2
30. Calculate the molarity of solution obtained by dissolving 0.100 g of Na2CO3 in 250 cm3 of solution.
Sol. Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 106 g mol–1
0.100 g
Number of moles of Na2CO3 = = 9.4 × 10 −4 mol
106
1
Volume of solution = 250 cm3 = L
4
n 9.4 × 10−4
M= = = 0.00376 M
v 1
L
4
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8 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
86
∴ 86 inch = = 2.18 m
39.37
(iii) 1 Å = 10–10 m
∴ 0.64 Å = 0.64 × 10–10 m
or 6.4 × 10–11 m
(iv) 1 mile = 1.6 × 103 m and 1 hour = 60 × 60 sec
6.055 × 10−3 kg
nsolute = = 0.211 mol
286 × 10−3 kg mol−1
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 9
nsolute 0.211
(i) Molarity = = = 0.211 M
v 1
Mass of 1 L solution (10–3 m3) = density × volume
= 1077.2 kg m–3 × 10–3 m3
= 1.0772 kg
∴ Mass of solvent = (1.0772 – 0.06055) kg = 1.01665 kg
nsolute 0.211
(iii) x solute = =
nsolute + nsolvent 1016.65
0.211 +
18
0.211
= = 0.00372
0.211 + 56.48
33. Calculate the molality of solution of C2H5OH in water in which the mole fraction of C2H5OH is 0.050.
nC2H5OH
Sol. x C2H5OH = 0.050 =
nC2H5OH + nH2O
2.77
nC2H5OH = = 2.91 mol
0.95
Now, 1 L H2O = 1 kg H2O (At 4°C)
nC2H5OH 2.91
∴ Molality = = = 2.91 mol kg−1
w H2O (in kg) 1
34. A sample of phosphorus has 0.5 moles of P4 molecules
(i) How many P4 molecules are there?
(ii) How many P atoms are there?
(iii) How many moles of P atoms are there in the sample?
(iv) What is the mass of the sample?
Sol. (i) 1 mole of P4 contains 6.022 × 1023 P4 molecules
∴ Number of P4 molecules in 0.5 mol
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10 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
124 g
∴ mass of 0.5 mol P4 molecules = × 0.5 mol = 62.0 g
1 mol
35. Calculate the percentage composition of zinc, phosphorus and oxygen in zinc phosphate, Zn3(PO4)2.
(Zn = 65.5, P = 31 and O = 16 u)
Sol. 1 mole of Zn3(PO4)2 contains 3 mol of zinc
2 mol of phosphorus and 8 mol of oxygen
Mass of 3 mol of Zn = 3 × 65.5 = 196.5 g
Mass of 2 mol of P = 2 × 31 = 62 g
Mass of 8 mol of O = 8 × 16 = 128 g
Mass of 1 mol of Zn3(PO4)2 = 196.5 + 62 + 128 = 386.5 g
Mass of Zn
= × 100
Mass of sample
196.5 g
= × 100 = 50.84% Zn
386.5 g
Mass of P
= × 100
Mass of sample
62 g
= × 100 = 16.04% P
386.5 g
Mass of O
= × 100
Mass of sample
128 g
= × 100 = 33.12% O
386.5 g
36. 0.90 g of an organic compound containing only carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen on combustion gave 1.1 g CO2
and 0.3 g water. What is %C, %H and %N in the organic compound?
Sol. Mass of organic compound, w = 0.90 g
Mass of CO2, w1 = 1.1 g
Mass of water, H2O, w2 = 0.3 g
1 mol C ≡ 1 mol CO2
12 g of C = 44 g CO2
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 11
12 g Mass of CO2
(a) Percentage of carbon = × × 100
44 g Mass of sample
12 1.1 g 1320
= × × 100 = = 33.33% C
44 0.90 g 39.6
(b) 2 mol H = 1 mol H2O
2 g H = 18 H2O
2g Mass of H2O
Percentage of hydrogen = × × 100
18 g Mass of sample
2 0.3 g 60
= × × 100 = = 3.70% H
18 0.90 g 16.2
(c) Percentage of nitrogen = 100 – (%C + %H)
= 100 – (33.33 + 3.70)
= 100 – 37.03 = 62.97% N
37. Calculate the number of atoms of oxygen present in 132 g CO2. What would be the weight CO having the
same number of oxygen atom?
Sol. ∵ Molecular mass of CO2 = 44 g/mol
1 molecule of CO2 has 2 oxygen atoms
44 g of CO2 = 2 × 6.022 × 1023 oxygen atom
23 132 g
132 g of CO2 = 2 × 6.022 × 10 ×
44 mol
= 36.132 × 1023 atoms of oxygen
Molecular mass of CO = 28 g/mol. It has 16 g O and one atom of O in one molecule of CO.
∵ In carbon monoxide, mole of CO = mole of C atom
= mole of O atom
6.022 × 1023 O atoms = 1 CO = 28 g
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12 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
39. A 0.2076 g sample of an oxide of cobalt on analysis was found to contain 0.1476 g cobalt. Calculate the
empirical formula of the oxide. [Co = 59 amu]
Mass of O
Moles of O in the oxide =
Atomic mass of oxygen
0.06 g
= = 0.00375 mol
16 g/mol
Co 0.002501 2
(c) Mole ratio = = = 0.67 =
O 0.00375 3
(d) Since, the mole ratio of atoms in a sample of a compound is equal to the ratio of atoms in its formula,
the empirical formula of the oxide of cobalt is Co2O3.
40. The mass percent composition of a substance is 24.7% Ca, 1.24% H, 14.8% C and 59.3% O. Calculate the
molecular formula of the substance if its molecular mass is 162 u.
Sol.
Atomic Relative no. Divided by Simple
Element Percentage
mass of atoms lowest number ratio
= 1 × CaH2C2O6
= CaH2C2O6 or Ca(HCO3)2
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 13
41. The oxides of lead were separately reduced to metallic lead by heating in a current of hydrogen and the following
data were obtained
(i) Mass of yellow oxide = 3.45 g
Loss of mass during reduction = 0.24 g
(ii) Mass of brown oxide = 1.195 g
Loss of mass during reduction = 0.156 g
Show that the above data illustrate the law of multiple proportions.
Sol. Hydrogen combines with oxygen of the oxide to give metal. Therefore, loss in mass during reduction of the
oxide is equal to the mass of oxygen.
(i) Let the fix the mass of oxygen with which metal combines = 1 g
Mass of oxide = 3.45 g
Mass of oxygen = 0.24 g
Mass of lead = 3.45 g – 0.24 g = 3.21 g
0.24 g oxygen combines with 3.21 g lead
3.21
1 g oxygen combines with = 13.4 g lead
0.24
(ii) Mass of oxide = 1.195 g
Mass of oxygen = 0.156 g
Mass of lead = 1.195 g – 0.156 g = 1.039 g
0.156 g oxygen combines with 1.039 g lead
1.039
1 g oxygen combines with = 6.7 g lead
0.156
The ratio of the masses of lead that combines with a fixed mass of oxygen (1 g) is 6.7 : 13.4 or 1 : 2.
This ratio is simple and therefore illustrates the law of multiple proportions.
42. What will be the concentration of a solution which is made by mixing 25 mL of 0.2 M H2SO4, 35 mL of 0.25
M H2SO4 and 45 mL of 0.35 M H2SO4?
Sol. Moles of H2SO4 in 25 mL of 0.2 M H2SO4
= M × V in litres
25
= 0.2 M × litres = 0.005 mol
1000
Moles of H2SO4 in 35 mL of 0.25 M H2SO4
35
= 0.25 M × litres = 0.00875 mol
1000
Moles of H2SO4 in 45 mL of 0.35 M H2SO4
45
= 0.35 M × litres = 0.01575 mol
1000
Total moles of H2SO4 = 0.005 + 0.00875 + 0.01575 = 0.0295 mol
Total volume = 25 mL + 35 mL + 45 mL = 105 mL = 0.105 litre
0.0295 mole H2 SO 4
Final concentration = = 0.2809 M H2SO4
0.105 litre of solution
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14 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
43. A compound of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contains these elements in the ratio 9 : 1 : 3.5. Calculate the
empirical formula, if its molecular mass is 108, what is the molecular formula?
Sol. Atomic Relative no. Simplest
Element Element
ratio mass of atoms ratio
Carbon 9 12 9 0.75
= 0.75 =3
12 0.25
Hydrogen 1 1 1 1 =4
=1
1 0.25
Nitrogen 3.5 14 3.5 0.25
= 0.25 =1
14 0.25
SECTION - B
Model Test Paper
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. What is the difference between precision and accuracy?
Sol. Precision means the closeness of various measurements for the same quantity. Accuracy is the agreement
of a particular value to the true value of the result.
2. What is formula mass?
Sol. When a substance does not contain discrete molecules of their constituent units and have a three dimensional
structure, formula mass is used to calculate molecular mass which is the sum of the atomic masses of all
atoms present in the formula.
3. How many molecules present in one mole of a substance?
Sol. 1 mol = 6.022 × 1023 molecules
4. What is one molal solution?
Sol. One molal solution is that solution which contain 1 mole solute in 1 kg of solvent.
5. Calculate the number of molecules present in 0.5 mole of CO2?
Sol. The number of molecules present in 0.5 moles of CO2 is 6.022 × 1023 × 0.5 = 3.011 × 1023.
6. Write an expression for molarity and molality of a solution.
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16 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
Sol. Pure substance have fixed composition and cannot be separated by simple physical methods whereas mixtures
do not have fixed composition or ratio and can be separated by physical methods.
9. Define Kelvin.
Sol. The kelvin, unit of thermodynamic temperature, is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of
the triple point of water.
(i) 9 g of Fe (ii) 9 mg of Ca
56 g of Fe = 1 mol
1
9 g of Fe = × 9 = 0.16 mol
56
9 × 10 –3
(ii) Mole of Ca = = 2.25 × 10–4
40
11. Write the empirical formula of the compound having molecular formulae
Sol. Empirical formula is a simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the molecule, therefore the empirical formula
of given compounds are
12. A solution is prepared by adding 4 g of a substance A to 18 g of water. Calculate the mass percent of the
solute.
Mass of A
Sol. Mass percent of A = × 100
Mass of solution
4g
= 4 g of A + 18 g of water × 100
4
= × 100 = 18.18%
22
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 17
13. How many significant figures should be present in the answer of the following calculations?
3.24 × 0.08666
(i) (ii) 0.58 + 324.65
5.006
3.24 × 0.08666
= 0.0560883
5.006
⇒ 0.0561
As the least number of the significant figures is three, therefore the result is rounded off to 0.0561. The 0
is rounded off to 1 because the next digit is greater than 5.
14. Three litres of water are added to 2 L of 5 molar HCl solution. What is the molarity of resulting solution?
Final volume, V2 = 3 L + 2 L = 5 L
Initial molarity, M1 = 5 M
Final molarity = M2
M1V1 = M2V2
5 M × 2 L = M2 × 5 L
5M×2L
M2 = =2M
5L
Sol. If two elements can combine to form more than one compounds, the masses of one element that combine
with a fixed mass of the other element, are in the ratio of small whole numbers.
For example, hydrogen combines with oxygen to form two compounds, namely water and hydrogen peroxide.
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18 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
Here, the masses of oxygen (i.e., 16 g and 32 g) which combine with the fixed mass of hydrogen (2 g) bear
a simple ratio, i.e., 16 : 32 or 1 : 2.
16. A solution is prepared by adding 60 g CH3OH to 120 g of water. Calculate the mole fraction of CH3OH and
water.
Weight of CH3 OH 60
Sol. Number of moles of solute (CH3 OH) = = = 1.875
(nA ) Molecular mass of CH3 OH 32
120
Number of moles of water = = 6.667
(nB ) 18
1.875
χB = = 0.220
8.542
χA = 1 – χB = 0.780
17. Calculate the number of molecules of sulphur (S8) present in 32 g of solid sulphur.
Sol. Given, w = 32 gm
Atomic mass of S = 32
w 32
No. of moles = = = 0.125
M 256
H2SO4 = (2 × 1) + 32 + (4 × 16) = 98
H3PO4 = (1 × 3) + 31 + (4 × 16) = 98
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 19
Long Answer Type Questions :
19. (i) Calculate the mass of 2.5 gram atom of calcium. (Atomic mass of calcium is 40.)
= 40 × 2.5 = 100 g
1 × 2 + 16 = 18 u
OR
An organic compound contains element C, H and oxygen. A 4.24 mg sample of compound is completely burnt
in oxygen. It gives 8.45 mg of carbon dioxide and 3.46 mg of water. What is the mass percentage of each
element? Determine the empirical and molecular formula of compound if molecular mass of compound is 88 u.
6.022 × 1023
= × 6.84
342
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20 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
OR
8.45 × 12
= mg = 2.30 mg
44
2.30 × 100
Percentage of carbon = = 54.24%
4.24
3.46 × 2
= mg = 0.384 mg
18
0.384 × 100
Percentage of hydrogen = = 9.05%
4.24
Molecular mass = 88 u
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Solution of Assignment (Set-1) Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 21
Molecular mass 88
n= = =2
Empirical formula mass 44
= C2H4O × 2 = C4H8O2
21. 500 cm3 of 0.300 M NaCl solution is added to 100 cm3 of 0.500 M AgNO3 solution resulting in the formation
of white precipitate of insoluble AgCl. How many moles and how many grams of AgCl are formed? Which is
the limiting reagent?
OR
The reaction equation shows that 1 mol of AgNO3 reacts with 1 mol of NaCl to give 1 mol of AgCl
0.05 mol of AgNO3 will react with 0.05 mol of NaCl to give 0.05 mol of AgCl
= 7.2 g of AgCl
OR
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22 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-1)
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