Hunter × Hunter

Hunter × Hunter (Japanese: ハ ン タ ー × ハ ン タ ー Hepburn: Hantā Hantā,

Hunter × Hunter
abbreviated: HxH) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshihiro
Togashi. It has been serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine since March 16,
1998, although the manga has frequently gone on extended hiatuses since 2006. As
of October 2018, 380 chapters have been collected into 36 volumes by Shueisha.
The story focuses on a young boy named Gon Freecss, who discovers that his father,
who he was told had left him at a young age, is actually a world renowned Hunter, a
licensed profession for those who specialize in, but are not limited to, fantastic
pursuits such as locating rare or unidentified animal species, treasure hunting,
surveying unexplored enclaves, or hunting down lawless individuals. Despite being
abandoned by his father, Gon departs upon a journey to follow in his footsteps, pass
the rigorous Hunter Examination, and eventually find his father. Along the way, Gon
meets various other Hunters, including main cast members Kurapika, Leorio, and
Killua, and also encounters the paranormal. The original inspiration for the manga
came from Togashi's own collecting hobby.

In 1999, Hunter × Hunter was adapted into a 62-episode anime television series
produced by Nippon Animation and directed by Kazuhiro Furuhashi. The show
premiered on Japan's Fuji TV and ran until 2001. Three separate original video
Cover of the first volume of Hunter ×
animations (OVAs) totaling 30 episodes were subsequently produced by Nippon
Hunter as released by Shueisha on
Animation and released in Japan from 2002 to 2004. A second anime television
June 4, 1998 in Japan featuring Gon
series by Madhouse aired on Nippon Television from October 2011 to September
Freecss on a large frog.
2014 totaling 148 episodes, with two animated theatrical films released in 2013.
There are also numerous audio albums, video games, musicals, and other media ハンター×ハンター
based on Hunter × Hunter. The manga has been translated into English and released (Hantā Hantā)
in North America by Viz Media since April 2005. Both television series were also Genre Adventure,
licensed by Viz, with the first series having aired on the Funimation Channel in 2009 fantasy,[1] martial
and the second series premiering on Adult Swim's Toonami block since April 16, arts[2]
2016. Manga

Hunter × Hunter has been a huge critical and financial success and has become one Written by Yoshihiro Togashi
of Shueisha's best-selling manga series, having sold 72 million copies in Japan alone Published by Shueisha
as of 2018. English NA Viz Media
publisher
Demographic Shōnen
Contents Imprint Jump Comics
Synopsis Magazine Weekly Shōnen
Setting Jump
Plot
English NA Weekly Shonen
Production
magazine Jump
Media
Manga Original run March 16, 1998 –
Anime present
Films Volumes 36
CDs
 Musicals and theatrical play Anime film
Video games
Hunter × Hunter - Jump Super
Other merchandise
Anime Tour 98
Reception
Manga Directed by Noriyuki Abe
Anime Produced by Ken Hagino
References Tetsuo Daitoku
External links Written by Hiroshi Hashimoto
Studio Pierrot
Released July 26, 1998
Synopsis
Runtime 26 minutes
Anime television series
Setting Directed by Kazuhiro Furuhashi
Hunters (ハンター Hantā) are licensed, elite members of humanity who are capable Toshiyuki Kato
of tracking down secret treasures, rare beasts, or even other individuals. They can (assistant)
also access locations that regulars cannot access.[3] To obtain a license one must pass
Produced by Shunichi Kosao
the rigorous annual Hunter Examination run by the Hunter Association, which has a
Keiichi Matsuda
success rate of less than one in a hundred-thousand.[4] A Hunter may be awarded up
Daisuke Kawakami
to three stars; a single star for making "remarkable achievements in a particular
Written by Nobuaki Kishima
field"; they may then be upgraded to two stars for "holding an official position" and
mentoring another Hunter up to single star level; and finally upgraded to three stars Music by Toshihiko Sahashi
for "remarkable achievements in multiple fields."[5] Studio Nippon Animation
Licensed by NA Viz Media
Nen (念) is the ability to control one's own life energy or aura, which is constantly
emitted from them whether they know it or not. There are four basic Nen techniques; Original Fuji TV
Ten ( 纏) maintains the aura in the body, strengthening it for defense, Zetsu ( 絕 ) network
shuts the aura flow off, useful for concealing one's presence and relieving fatigue, English US Funimation
Ren (練) enables a user to produce more Nen, and Hatsu (發) is a person's specific network Channel
use of Nen.[6] Nen users are classified into six types based on their Hatsu abilities;
Original run October 16, 1999 –
Enhancers ( 強 化 系 Kyōkakei) strengthen and reinforce their natural physical
March 31, 2001
abilities, Emitters ( 放 出 系 Hōshutsukei) project aura out of their bodies,
Manipulators (操作系 Sōsakei) control objects or living things, Transmuters (変化
Episodes 62
系 Henkakei) change the type or properties of their aura, Conjurers ( 具 現 化 系 Original video animation
Gugenkakei) create objects out of their aura, and Specialists (特質系 Tokushitsukei) Hunter × Hunter OVA
have unique abilities that do not fall into the previous categories.[7] A Nen user can
Directed by Satoshi Saga (1–8)
enter into a Contract (誓約 Seiyaku) whereby pledging to follow certain Limitations
Yukihiro Matsushita
(制約 Seiyaku), their abilities are strengthened in relation to how strict they are. An
(9–16)
example of this is Kurapika who, in order to have an unbreakable chain that will
Takeshi Hirota (17–
hold members of the Phantom Troupe no matter what, offered his life should he use
30)
it on anyone other than its members.[8]
Written by Nobuaki Kishima
Music by Toshihiko Sahashi
Plot
Studio Nippon Animation
The story follows a young boy named Gon Freecss, who was told all his life that
Released January 17, 2002 –
both his parents were dead. But when he learns fromKite, an apprentice of his father
August 18, 2004
Ging Freecss, that he is still alive and has since become an accomplished Hunter,
Gon leaves his home on Whale Island ( く じ ら 島 Kujira Tō) to take the Hunter Episodes 30
Examination ( ハ ン タ ー 試 験 Hantā Shiken) in order to become a Hunter like Anime television series
him.[9][10][11] During the exam, Gon meets and soon befriends three of the other
applicants: Kurapika, the last remaining member of the Kurta clan who wishes to Directed by Hiroshi Kōjina
become a Hunter in order to avenge his clan and recover their scarlet-glowing eyes Produced by Seiji Okuda
that were plucked from their corpses by a band of thieves known as the Phantom (executive)
Troupe; Leorio, a prospective physician who, in order to pay for medical school, Toshio Nakatani
desires the financial benefits that Hunters receive; and Killua Zoldyck, another Manabu Tamura (1-
twelve-year-old boy who has left his former life as a member of the world's most
123)
notorious assassin family.[10][11][3] Among many other examinees, Gon
Ai Morikawa (124-
continuously encounters Hisoka, a mysterious and deadly transmuter who takes an
148)
interest in him. After passing by many trials together, Gon and his friends end up
Tetsuto Motoyasu
passing the exam except for Killua, who fails after killing another applicant due to
(1-87)
being controlled by his brother, Illumi, and runs away to his family's estate in shame.
Hiroyuki Okino (88-
After Gon and the others convince Killua to rejoin their side, Leorio and Kurapika 100)
depart temporarily for their own personal reasons, while Gon and Killua set for the Akira Shinohara (1-
Heavens Arena ( 天 空 闘 技 場 Tenkū Tōgijō), a skyscraper where thousands of 99)
martial artists compete daily in fighting tournaments, seeking to improve Kenichi Sakurai
themselves, and gain monetary rewards.[12] There they meet a kung fu master named (100-148)
Wing, who trains them in utilizing Nen, a Qi-like life energy used by its practicers to Naoki Iwasa (1-58)
manifest parapsychological abilities, and is also considered to be the final Atsushi Kirimoto (59-
requirement to pass the Hunter Exam. Sometime later, Gon and his friends reunite 148)
again in Yorknew City (ヨークシンシティ Yōkushin Shiti) where they have a clash Tomoko Yoshino (1-
with the Phantom Troupe. During the occasion, Two from the band of thieves are
75)
killed by Kurapika and he is forced to give up the chance of hunting down the rest.
Written by Atsushi Maekawa
In order to rescue Gon and Killua, who were captured by them, but not without
(1-58)
succeeding in sealing the powers of their leaderChrollo Lucilfer.
Tsutomu Kamishiro
A few days later, Gon and Killua achieve their objective and begin playing Greed (39-148)
Island, an extremely rare and expensive video game with Nen-like properties Music by Yoshihisa Hirano
following some clues about Ging's whereabouts.[13] While exploring the game, it is
Studio Madhouse
revealed that its scenario is actually set somewhere in the real world, created with
Licensed by NA Viz Media
Nen by none other than Ging himself. Outclassed by the difficulty of the challenges
in the game at first, they are soon joined and trained by Biscuit Krueger, an Original NTV (and other
experienced teacher of Nen and kung fu master. With the help of Biscuit, Gon and network NNS stations)
Killua train their Nen and learn to shape their abilities to their traits. During their English SEA Animax Asia
stay on Greed Island, Killua takes a short break to apply for the Hunter Examination network US Adult Swim
again, this time passes with success. The trio then complete the game together (Toonami)
against all odds and Gon obtains the right to choose the artifacts from the game
Original run October 2, 2011 –
necessary to reunite with his father.
September 24, 2014
However, Gon decides to have Killua accompany him to meet his father using the Episodes 148
artifacts, but they send them to meet Kite instead. The duo then decide to help with
Related media
Kite's research, and upon discovering a giant insect limb the group discovers that it
came from a man-sized Chimera Ant queen. An insect that devours other creatures Hunter × Hunter: Phantom
and then gives birth to progeny that inherit the characteristics of the different species Rouge (2013)
it has eaten. The queen washes up onto an island nation called the Neo-Green Life
Hunter × Hunter: The Last
(N.G.L.) Autonomous Region, where she quickly develops a taste for humans and
Mission (2013)
builds a colony powerful enough to overcome the population, especially after her
offspring learn the power of Nen after consuming some Hunters. Upon facing the Royal Guard of the Chimera Ants, Kite sacrifices
himself to allow Gon and Killua to flee and alert the Hunter Association. After weeks of preparation, the Association sends a team of
some of their most powerful Hunters, including Netero, the president of the Association himself to defeat the Ants and their king
Meruem, whose subjects secretly overthrew the government of the nearby Republic of East Gorteau (東ゴルトー共和国) as part of
their plan of subduing all of mankind. Despite losing to Meruem in combat, Netero ends up killing him with a bomb implanted in his
body that poisons him to death soon after. In the occasion, Gon has a showdown with Neferpitou, the Ant who killed Kite and despite
having exacted his revenge is hospitalized and in critical condition.

After the Chimera Ant incident is resolved, the Hunter Association's top echelons the Zodiacs, from which Ging is a member, begin
the process of choosing Netero's replacement as Chairman, while Killua returns home to ask for his younger sister Alluka to save
Gon's life. However, his family is unwilling to risk losing Alluka or having her dangerous powers used against them, but after
evading his older brother Illumi's attempts to intercept him, Killua manages to bring Alluka to Gon's side and have him fully
recovered, before sealing her powers completely to ensure that she can have a normal life. Killua then parts ways with Gon, as he
wants to travel the world with Alluka who had never seen the outside world before, while Gon himself finally meets his father and
learns the true nature of his quest.

Some time later, Netero's son Beyond assembles an expedition to the Dark Continent(暗黒大陸 Ankoku Tairiku). The forbidden, vast
area outside of the known world that is sponsored by the Kingdom of Kakin. Fearing that the expedition may bring disaster to the
world, just like it occurred in previous attempts, the world's five greatest powers accept that Kakin join their ranks in exchange for
full authority over its findings. To accompany Beyond and prevent him from doing something unexpected, the Zodiacs decide to
watch over him and invite Kurapika and Leorio to join them. While replacing Ging and the former Vice-Chairman Pariston, who
assembled their own teams by Beyond's request. Aboard Kakin's expedition's ship, the princes take part in a battle to the death to
decide the next king, and Kurapika infiltrates the royalty's security force along with some of his friends after learning that one of the
princes has a large collection of eyes from the Kurta Clan. Meanwhile, members of the Phantom Troupe also infiltrate the ship while
Hisoka, after almost being killed by Chrollo who had previously recovered his powers, decides to hunt down all of the members of
the Troupe one by one in revenge.

Production
Author Yoshihiro Togashi explained that one of his hobbies was collecting objects of all sorts, so he was inspired to create a manga
involving collecting titled "Hunter".[14] He came up with the final name Hunter × Hunter while watching the television variety show
Downtown, in which the hosts often repeated what they said to make the audience laugh.[14] The "×" in the title is silent.[15] As with
his previous series, Yu Yu Hakusho, Togashi used drafting ink and Kabura pens for his illustrations but began using an eMac to color
them.[16] Togashi uses few or no assistants in the manga's production;[17] however, fellow manga artist and future wife Naoko
Takeuchi assisted Togashi in adding screentone to single-color pages for the first volume.[18][19] With the birth of their first son early
in its publication, Togashi felt that this personal aspect of his life would be a great influence on his work, particularly the manga's
.[16]
theme of a young boy searching for his father

There have been several instances in which Togashi has apologized to readers in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump for low-quality
artwork and promised to redraw portions of the chapters for their tankōbon (collected volume) releases.[20][21][22] In addition, the
publication history of theHunter × Hunter manga has been plagued with hiatuses, in which serialized chapters would be separated by
extended periods of time.[23][24][25] After returning from a two-year-long hiatus in June 2014,[26] and joining the English-language
Weekly Shonen Jump lineup, the manga went on another just two months later.[27] The series returned from this hiatus, which has
been its longest to date, on April 18, 2016.[28] However, just over two months later, Hunter × Hunter began another hiatus on June 4,
2016,[29] until resuming serialization again on June 26, 2017.[30] Just over two months later, on August 31, it was announced the
series will go on hiatus again, with plans to return by the end of the year.[31] The series returned in the 9th issue of Shōnen Jump on
January 29, 2018,[32] before entering in hiatus again on April 9, 2018.[33] The manga returned on September 22, 2018,[34] and went
on hiatus again in November after issue #52.[35]

Media

Manga
Written and illustrated by Yoshihiro Togashi, the Hunter × Hunter manga began its ongoing serialization in Weekly Shōnen Jump
magazine on March 16, 1998.[36] Shueisha has compiled most of the chapters into 36 tankōbon volumes as of October 2018.[37] In
December 2011, Shueisha began republishing the manga into a magazine-styled sōshūhen format. The company published one
volume per month for a total of six volumes, covering up to the end of the Greed Island story arc.[38] In December 2012, Togashi
wrote a two-part manga titledKurapika's Memories (クラピカ追憶編 Kurapika Tsuioku-hen) to act as a prequel to the first animated
film.[39] Tokyo Ghoul author Sui Ishida created a 69-page storyboard of a manga chapter depicting the past of Hunter × Hunter's
Hisoka. The storyboard was released digitally viaShonen Jump+ on June 2, 2016.[40]

In April 2005, Viz Media began publishing the manga in English in North America.[41] Viz marketed the series as part of its "Shonen
Jump Advanced" line for readers in their older teens and young adults.[42] Viz included the Kurapika's Memories chapters in the
December 17 and 24, 2012 issues of their digital English magazine Weekly Shonen Jump Alpha.[43] Thirty-four volumes have been
released in North America as of March 2018.[44] On April 22, 2014, it was announced that Hunter × Hunter would be joining Viz's
digital English magazine Weekly Shonen Jump.[45] The manga has also been licensed and translated into multiple languages
throughout Europe and other parts of Asia. For instance, it was serialized between 2001 and 2005 in Banzai!, a German version of
Weekly Shōnen Jump.[46][47]

Anime

First series (1999)

The first Hunter × Hunter anime adaptation was produced by the company Nippon Animation and directed by Kazuhiro Furuhashi,
who had previously directed the Rurouni Kenshin television series.[48] A total of 62 episodes of Hunter × Hunter were broadcast on
the Japanese terrestrial television network Fuji Television from October 16, 1999 to March 31, 2001 during the same Saturday
evening timeslot as the anime version of Togashi's previous series Yu Yu Hakusho.[3][49][50] Additionally, Hunter × Hunter has aired
on the satellite television station Animax.[51][52] Although it closely follows the manga, the violence in the anime version is lessened
for younger audiences.[3] Marvelous Entertainment has released all episodes of the series in Japan on DVD in 13 separate volumes
[53]
between September 20, 2000 and September 19, 2001.

Viz Media licensed the Hunter × Hunter anime for distribution in the Region 1 market, with English voice-work handled by The
Ocean Group at Blue Water Studios in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.[11][54] The series was released on four DVD boxed sets from
December 9, 2008 to December 1, 2009.[55][56] Starting with the second set, Viz partnered with Warner Home Video to distribute the
DVDs.[57] Hunter × Hunter began airing in the United States on theFunimation Channel in the spring of 2009.[58]

Original video animations

When the Hunter × Hunter anime covered most of its source material by 2001, Nippon Animation made the decision to end the
adaptation rather than continue it with filler.[59] Due to fans' unsatisfied reactions to the conclusion of the television series, three
subsequent OVAs were produced by Nippon Animation. These carried the plot from where the broadcast left off during the Yorknew
City arc and covered the Greed Island arc.[60][61][62][63][64] The first OVA series was directed by Satoshi Saga and ran for eight
episodes in four released volumes from January 17 to April 17, 2002.[65] The second OVA series, Hunter × Hunter: Greed Island,
was directed by Yukihiro Matsushita and ran for eight episodes in four released volumes from February 19 to May 21, 2003.[66] The
third OVA series, Hunter × Hunter: G.I. Final, was directed by Makoto Sato and ran for 14 episodes in seven released volumes from
March 3 to August 18, 2004.[67] After the original anime's initial run on Animax, the OVAs were aired successively.[51][68] Viz has
As.[69]
shown no intention of releasing English versions of the OV

Second series (2011)

A new Hunter × Hunter anime adaptation was announced in July 2011. Instead of continuing the story from the OVA series, it
restarts the story from the beginning of the manga in an attempt to adapt it more accurately. The series is directed by Hiroshi Kōjina,
produced by Madhouse, scripted by Atsushi Maekawa, and character designs were created by Takahiro Yoshimatsu. The series began
airing Sunday mornings on Nippon Television starting October 2, 2011.[70] It switched to airing at 1:29 am on Tuesday nights from
October 8, 2013 onwards.[71] The series ended on September 23, 2014 after 148 episodes.[72] An hour after each episode aired in
Japan, American website Crunchyroll provided English subtitled simulcasts in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom,
Ireland, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.[73] The series started airing on Animax Asia and Animax India on April 24,
2012.[74] On October 9, 2015, Viz Media announced their license to the reboot anime at their panel at New York Comic Con.[75]
They will release the anime on DVD/Blu-ray with an English dub. On April 1, 2016, it was announced that the series would premiere
on Adult Swim's Toonami block, which began airing on April 16, 2016.[76][77]

Films
Before the first anime television series was created, a short film adaptation of Hunter × Hunter was shown as part of the 1998 "Jump
Super Anime Tour" alongside similar adaptations of Seikimatsu Leader den Takeshi! and One Piece.[78] Produced by Studio Pierrot
and directed by Noriyuki Abe, it depicts the early events of the manga up to Gon's ocean voyage from Whale Island.

A film adaptation by the second television anime's staff called Hunter × Hunter: Phantom Rouge, featuring an original story, was
announced in March 2012. It was released on January 12, 2013 by Toho.[79][80][81] It centers around Gon and his friends efforts to
retrieve Kurapika's eyes which were stolen by Omokage, the original person with the No. 4 spider tattoo. The film is based on an
unpublished story manga creator Yoshihiro Togashi wrote around 10 years before.[82]

A second film, titled Hunter × Hunter: The Last Mission, was announced following the first one's debut. The film has some focus on
Netero, the chairman of the Hunter Association as Gon and his friends discover the dark secrets behind his past. The movie was
released on December 27, 2013,[83] and the DVD and Blu-ray was released on July 23, 2014.
[84]

At the Japanese box office, Phantom Rouge grossed $12,595,288,[85] and The Last Mission grossed ¥850 million[86] ($8.72 million),
bringing both films' total Japanese box office gross to $21.31 million.

CDs
The background music for the first Hunter × Hunter anime and three OVA series was composed by Toshihiko Sahashi. A large
number of audio CDs for the franchise have been released by Marvelous Entertainment. The three-volume soundtrack for the anime
television series contains 129 instrumental and vocal songs. The Original Video Animation Hunter × Hunter Sound Trax for the first
OVA series contains 18 songs and the Original Video Animation Hunter × Hunter: Greed Island Original Sound Tracks for the
second OVA series contains 30 songs.[87] In addition, character-specific and story arc drama CDs and a 17-volume radio drama titled
[88][89][90]
Hunter × Hunter R have been published throughout the anime adaptations' release period.

Musicals and theatrical play

There have been two musicals based on Hunter × Hunter. The first, Musical Hunter × Hunter (ミュージカル ハンター×ハンタ
ー), was originally performed during December 2000.[91] It is an original story that appears to take place between the end of the
Yorknew City story arc and the beginning of the Greed Island arc. The second, Musical Hunter × Hunter: The Nightmare of Zoldyck
(ミュージカル ハンター×ハンター ナイトメア・オブ・ゾルディック), was originally performed during August 2002.[91] It is
a retelling of when Kurapika, Leorio, and Gon go to fetch Killua back from his family estate after the end of the Hunter Exam arc.
Both musicals have received separate DVD and audio CD releases, as well as a dual DVD release from Marvelous
Entertainment.[87][92][93] There is also a live-action play titled Real Stage Hunter × Hunter: "A Longing for Phalcnothdk ~ A
Spider's Memory ~" (リアルステージ ハンター×ハンター｢A Longing for Phalcnothdk 〜蜘蛛の記憶〜｣), which was performed
16 times at the Theater Sun-mall in Shinjuku, Tokyo during August 2004.[94][95][96] The play is a retelling of the Phantom Troupe
finale in the Yorknew City arc. It received a DVDrelease in Japan on December 10, 2004.[94]

Video games
There are ten Japan-exclusive video games based on Hunter × Hunter, many of which are either developed or published by Konami
or Bandai. They range from role-playing and strategy games to action and adventure games. These include titles for the
WonderSwan,[97] WonderSwan Color,[98][99][100] Game Boy Color,[101][102] Game Boy Advance,[103] PlayStation,[104][105] and
PlayStation 2.[106] A game based on the second anime adaptation was released on the PlayStation Portable on September 20,
2012.[107] Characters from the franchise have appeared along with other Weekly Shōnen Jump properties in the fighting games Jump
Super Stars and Jump Ultimate Stars for the Nintendo DS, J-Stars Victory VS for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita,[108][109] and
Jump Force for Windows, Playstation 4 and Xbox One.[110]

Other merchandise
A series of three film books based on the first anime series and authored by Nobuaki Kishikan has been released by Shueisha from
December 3, 1999 to August 24, 2001.[111][112][113] A guidebook to the anime titled Hunter × Hunter Characters Book: World ×
Character × Blessing (Hunter × Hunter キャラクターズブック World × Character × Blessing) was published by Shueisha in
January 2001.[114] A guidebook to the manga titled Hunter × Hunter: Hunters Association Official World and Character Guide
(Hunter × Hunter ハンター協会公式発行ハンターズ・ガイド) was published by the company on June 4, 2004.[115] There is also
an extensive trading card game by Bandai,[116] action and trading figures,[117][118] and various other collectables.[119][120][121]

Reception

Manga
The Hunter × Hunter manga has been largely commercially successful; having sold over 60.6 million collected volumes in Japan as
of February 2012, making it Shueisha's eighth best-selling manga series.[122] This number had grown to 66.3 million copies by
2014.[123] Several individual volumes have topped Oricon's list of the best-selling manga in Japan during their release week; such as
volumes 30 through 36.[124] Volumes 24, 27, and 30 through 34 were some of the top-selling volumes for their respective years.[125]
Hunter × Hunter was the eighth best-selling manga series of both 2012 and 2013, with 3.4 and 4.6 million copies sold those years
respectively.[126][127] In North America, volumes 23 through 27 have ranked within the top 300 best-selling graphics novels list of
sales estimates by Diamond Comic Distributors.[128][129][130][131][132] The manga has sold over 72 million collected volumes in
Japan as of December 2018.[133]

The Hunter × Hunter manga has received much praise for its plot and characters. In his 2007 book Manga: The Complete Guide,
Jason Thompson described its storyline as "an almost random collection of psych-outs, battles, puzzles, and trickery" that works on
both a chapter-by-chapter basis and a larger scale.[17] Thompson elaborated that with all the goals and subplots of each of the main
characters, the story could seemingly go on forever and is unpredictable enough to hold reader interest.[17] In a different review for
Anime News Network in 2012, Thompson wrote that it was hard to summarize the story because it is every shōnen manga in one,
with training sequences, tournament battles, a crime-mystery story arc, and a virtual-reality, RPG-style story arc. But unlike most
shōnen manga, he called Hunter × Hunter "incredibly dense." Examples being its fictional nen ability, which is explained "so
thoroughly that you almost think it could exist," and the little challenges and games the characters face; "Over and over Togashi
invents some little closed system or rules just so the heroes can break them; if he ever wants to change careers, I'd suggest game
designer." Thompson praised the character art as great, pointing out how instead of alternating between realistic and chibi like other
artists, Togashi has cartoony and realistic characters interacting in the same panels. Thompson did note how the artwork during its
magazine run is often "sketchy" and missing backgrounds, but that Togashi goes back and fixes it for its collected tankōbon release.
Mentioning Togashi's love of gore he stated "the whole manga is about the mixture of childish adventure and creepy, adult themes"
screentone.[134]
and noted how some panels later in the manga are apparently censored for gore by being covered with

Reviewing the first story arc, Chris Sims ofComicsAlliance called Hunter × Hunter one of the most "fun, ridiculous, and ludicrously
violent comics I've ever read." He stated that while it has every stereotypical idea about shōnen manga in force, what sticks out the
most is the violence. Sims summed it up as "full of clever setups and characters that, while simple to the point of almost seeming
one-dimensional at times, still manage to be solid and entertaining based on their reaction to the increasingly strange, increasingly
deadly events around them".[135] Charles Solomon, a writer for The New York Times and Los Angeles Times, praised the moral
seriousness of Gon, a quality that gives the protagonist "an appeal his relentlessly upbeat counterparts lack".[136][137] Publishers
Weekly gave a positive review to the first volume of the manga, stating that Togashi "shows a deft touch" with its standard story,
calling his artwork "clear and graceful", and mentioning that his characters are "endearing and complex".[138] While Rika Takahashi
of EX.org and Claude J. Pelletier of Protoculture Addicts found the art style in Hunter × Hunter to be much simpler than Togashi's
[10][3]
two previous serializations,Level E and Yu Yu Hakusho, both reviewers appreciated the intricate narrative and characters.

Anime

1999 series
The first Hunter × Hunter anime series has enjoyed much more modest popularity than its manga source. Newtype listed it as having
a Japanese television rating of 10.5 for the fourth quarter of 2000.[139] The show's viewership was ranked number six among the top
ten anime television series in Japan for February 2001.[140] The series was voted as the 16th best anime of 2000 in the Animage
Anime Grand Prix, but rose to fourth place the following year.[141][142] In 2001, the staff of the magazine listed Hunter × Hunter as
the 94th most important anime of all time.[143] In a 2006 web poll conducted in Japan by the networkTV Asahi, the Hunter × Hunter
[144] In 2010, Mania.com's Briana Lawrence listedHunter × Hunter at number
television series was voted 28th best anime of all time.
[145]
nine of the website's "10 Anime Series That Need a Reboot".

Critical reception for the first Hunter × Hunter television adaptation has been generally favorable. Miyako Matsuda of Protoculture
Addicts, Carl Kimlinger of theAnime News Network(ANN), and Derrick L. Tucker of THEM Anime Reviews all expressed positive
views of the series' narrative and characters.[3][48][146] Matsuda admired the adventure-filled world of Hunter × Hunter and the
practical character qualities of friendship, effort, and victory inserted by Togashi.[3] Beginning with the second Viz DVD volume,
Kimlinger summarized, "Togashi's plotting is canny and occasionally insightful and Furuhashi's visuals inventive yet attuned to the
measured pacing of the series. Together they create a shonen action series that is both fun to watch and curiously respectful of its
audience's intelligence. A strange combination indeed."[48] Tucker admitted to being "bewitched" by the series mainly due to the
remarkable and original characters, especially the interplay between the vastly different personalities of the Phantom Troupe
members.[146] Kimlinger gave particular praise to the characteristics of the complex villain Hisoka and the deep, emotional
transformation of Kurapika in the latter half of the series.[12][13][48] Theron Martin, also of ANN, contrastingly found the plot of the
earliest episodes to be cliché, called the protagonist Gon "an obvious Son Goku derivative", and stated that many of the story's
aspects have already been covered by other shōnen series such as Dragon Ball Z a decade earlier. Martin was also displeased by an
[11]
alleged lack of character development on the main protagonists' parts in the initial episodes.

The art and animation of the Hunter × Hunter anime have also been commended by the press. Kimlinger and Tucker were impressed
by the art direction of Hunter × Hunter, the former of whom critiquing the adaptation of Togashi's work by Furuhashi as having
"understated energy and flair, making the most of the era's (1999) mix of traditional and CG animation to bring Gon and friends'
physical feats to fluid, exhilarating life."[48][146] Martin faulted both the artwork and the subtle differences in character design. "The
artistry not only shows its age but, in fact, looks older than it actually is," the reviewer commented, "hearkening back to a day when
digital coloring and CG enhancements were not ubiquitous and allowances for a rougher look were greater." Opinions of the series'
sound and music have been somewhat mixed. Martin positively noted the soundtrack as the strongest production point of Hunter ×
Hunter, and was satisfied with both the English translation of the script and Ocean's voice overs.[11] Tucker found the music
satisfactory and improved as the series progressed, but did not think it lived up to its potential.[146] Kimlinger agreeably felt the
[12][13]
musical score to be appropriate in most instances, but criticized the English dub as "a letdown since day one".

2011 series
Madhouse's 2011 adaptation has been met with near universal critical acclaim. Adrian Marcano from Inverse considered Hunter x
Hunter 2011 to be one of the greatest anime series ever. He said that the anime set itself apart with one of the greatest story arcs in
anime history in which the villain, not the hero, takes the anime to instant classic status. He also said that, "It is in the 2011 version
where we see probably one of the best story arcs in anime history: the Chimera Ant Arc."[147] According to Movie News Guide and
Latin Post, the Madhouse's 2011 version received more viewers not only in Japan but also around the world, particularly in North
America.[148][149] Digital Fox Media's Michael Basile of Fox Sports Digital Media praised the animation quality of the new
adaptation, "the animation actually appears to get better and better as the series progresses. The color palette can shift from vibrant
and inviting to grim and menacing at the drop of a hat, the character designs are unique and appealing, the CG is very minimal, and
the action sequences are some of the best that the shonen genre has ever produced, on-par with the best works of Studio Bones. It's
almost miraculous how consistently beautiful this anime is." He also considered it to be "one of the best anime of all time."[150] Nick
Creamer held similar sentiments, writing "the show's fantastic aesthetics elevate it above almost everything out there – in direction, in
sound design, in pacing, in animation, in basically every relevant aesthetic metric, Hunter x Hunter triumphs. That it's been
[151]
maintaining this level of quality for well over a hundred episodes is nothing short of astonishing."

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External links
"Official Hunter × Hunter manga site". Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved December 17, 2004. (in
Japanese)
Official Viz Media Hunter × Hunter site
 Official Nippon Television Hunter × Hunter (2011) anime site (in Japanese)
Official VAP Hunter x Hunter (2011) anime site (in Japanese)
Official Adult Swim website (2011 series)
Hunter × Hunter (manga) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
Hunter x Hunter Story Board Exhibit at the Shinjō Mogami Manga Museum Event Report

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