Expressing Bisexuality Through Art Among CIIT SHS Grade 11 Students

In partial fulfillment for the

requirements of Practical Research 1

Baugbog, Patricia Nicole

Camba, Elyssa

Carreon, Marynadyne

Geronimo, Julienne Kyle

Mosquera, Ralph Ivan

Ng, Angelo

San Pedro, Coleen

Somera, Mielle Christine

CIIT College of Arts and Technology

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Abstract

The researchers from Grade 11 Hue are eager to learn more of how art helps in

expressing one's sexual identity since CIIT Senior High School is a campus that specializes in

art. According to University of Texas’ Student Counselling Center, in some countries, even if

attitudes and social norms have shifted considerably, people continue to live in a world with

open discrimination and hatred crimes against gender and sexual minorities. The term "coming

out" describes the process of understanding one's sexual identity, accepting it and divulging it.

The process is personal and can take place for each person in various ways. Some people

recognized their sexual identity during their adolescence, while others later on explored their

sexual identities. Art can be a record of what a person felt and can produce emotional reactions

in the viewer at the same time. Instead of reflecting outer world states, art is held to reflect the

person's inner state. (Walker Art Center, 2004) This research is about expressing bisexuality

through art among CIIT SHS grade 11 students. To attain this study, the researchers conducted

an online survey to each student of CIIT Senior High School Arts & Design. The researchers

then sorted out students that are Bisexual from those who are not from the answers obtained in

the online survey. With the results gathered, it turned out that art does have a impact with most

of the Bisexual students of CIIT. The researchers then concluded that art could payoff differently

in every person specifically from the Bisexuals..

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According to University of Texas’ Student Counselling Center, in some countries, even if

attitudes and social norms have shifted considerably, people continue to live in a world with

open discrimination and hatred crimes against gender and sexual minorities. Many countries

around the world continued to criminalize LGBTQ people, sentenced them to jail or even death.

The term "coming out" describes the processes of understanding one's sexual identity, accepting

it and divulging it. The process is personal and can take place for each person in various ways.

Some people recognized their sexual identity during their adolescence, while others later on

explored their sexual identities.

Art as a visual language has an “extensive vocabulary” allowing for ambiguity and

fluidity within the scope of sexual identity (Ellis, 2007, p. 65). Moreover, art provides a safe

place to explore sexuality and potential inner erotic desires that could otherwise be unsafe for

verbal exploration (Ellis, 2007). This research aims to identify the effectiveness on the usage of

art to express the sexual identity of the CIIT SHS Grade 11 LGBTQ art students. Art has

historically been a non - censored means of expression in Western culture in which nudity,

eroticism and intimacy were considered to be permitted (Kelley, 2004).

An art can tell stories or represent ideas, as the researchers may have seen; they can be

either realistic or abstract. The most important issue in art for some people, however, is that it

expresses or stirs emotions. Art can be a record of what the artist felt and can produce emotional

reactions in the viewer at the same time. Instead of reflecting outer world states, art is held to

reflect the artist's inner state. At least this seems to be implicit in the core meaning of

expression: the outward manifestation of an inner state. Art as a representation of outer existence

has been replaced by art as an expression of the inner life of humans. (Walker Art Center, 2004)
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As stated by Jansen Musico (2017) "Queer cinema in the Philippines is going through

some kind of resurgence", in the article, the author talked about how these type of films affected

the LGBTQ+ community through the experience of the viewers and the directors. The author's

major assumption is that, through this type of platform, people who had at the time, an identity

crisis that can be enlightened through watching these types of films, such as it helped the

directors explore their own creativity and sexuality. According to the writer's research, back in

the 70's and the 80's queer films have dwindled, but as time went through people started

clamoring for more, so that could mean the viewers enjoyed and probably found these films

useful to explore and voice out their sexuality.

According to Cowley M., Gallop J., and Feinberg A., (2016) the thesis is all about the

usefulness of art making in exploring sexuality. In their research, it was stated that according to

Ellison, 2007, art as a visual language has an "extensive vocabulary" allowing for ambiguity and

fluidity within the scope of sexual identity. Meaning, art makes the people who explored their

sexuality to be secured in what they felt. The major assumption that the authors made is that art

can really help a person to discover and explore its sexual identity. By them doing online survey,

o okexplored both visually and verbally, discussed how they view their sexuality and how they

thought others view their sexuality. They produced three overarching themes, first, expressing

sexuality: the tension between the self and others, second, the usefulness of art making to explore

sexuality, and third, Limitations and challenges of the study. The implications for research or

practice of the author's thesis and underlying assumptions if it is valid or true, it helped us to

have more knowledge in the topic that we had because it is related to each other. The research
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examined the usefulness of art making in exploring sexuality. And they found out that art was

found to be a useful device for exploring the emotionality and complexity of sexuality.

The article “Why the Art World is Focusing In on Gender Fluidity” is all about the

freedom of an individual whom expressed their real sexual identity specifically gays, through art.

According to the author, they let other gay-men exhibit their art that refers to their sexual

identity. The author also presented different kinds of art that they had made in relation of

individual’s sexual identity. The author’s major assumption is that doing this kind of activity can

help some gays expose their truthful sexuality and also help the researchers discover and

understand what LGBTQ really felt towards themselves and to other people through art. The

author’s assumptions gave the researchers ideas about their chosen topic not referring if his

statement is accurate or not. It also lets the researchers understand what they want and why they

are doing it. The concept of giving individual the freedom of expressing their sexual identity by

exhibiting their art in the museum was also presented here. Through this activity, they discovered

that art can really help us to reveal one’s sexuality. (Lubow, 2018)

The author’s point in the article “Hidden in plain sight; How gay artists expressed

forbidden desire in code” is all about how LGBTQ expressed their sexual identity by using

codes, symbols, and through art in their everyday life. According to this article, they used

different art based on their art medium, specifically gay artists. The author also concluded the

discrimination and the bad attitude that people shows towards the LGBTQ. The major

assumption of the author is that every member of LGBTQ can express their sexual identity

through codes that included art without judgement from other people. The author’s conclusion
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gave the researchers thought and ideas on how they can do their research easily whether the

author’s assumptions are valid or not. The author insinuated that everyone specifically LGBTQ

have freedom in expressing their real desire and sexual identity by the use of art. (Al-Kadhi,

2017)

The author, Ricky Toledo Vijandre pointed out the LGBTQ+ community and how art

affected their gender identity. One point that the author tried to make is how hard it is for

members of the LGBTQ+ community before to express their sexuality. Severe punishments were

made in the year 1961-1967 for those who commit sodomy and other practices that were

so-called deviant for those people in that time. The works of these artists named Francis Bacon

and David Hockney, drew controversy. An exhibition hosted by Bacon was investigated by the

police for obscenity. Hockney further declared his paintings as “homosexual propaganda.”

Because of these artists, queer was brought out of the closet and inspired others to do the same in

art. The major assumption that the author implied is that anyone can start making a change

through art. Just like what Francis Bacon and David Hockney did for their community of queers.

The author’s article is based on history of how art affected the sexuality of a person. Therefore,

this source is considered as reliable. The author implied that, other people who had difficulties in

expressing their sexuality publicly should do the same as those artists and start making

controversies. (Vijandre, 2017)

According to Frederick (2018) “Gender does not change our perception of creativity”.

It’s possible that genetic and biological differences contributed to this gender gap, but

researchers cited extrinsic factors, like societal barriers and cultural expectations. Creativity
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should be encouraged as much as humanly possible. Life is not always easy, but the more

creative outlets one had, the easier it is to let go of the negative and embrace all that’s good in

the world. Creativity has countless benefits emotionally, mentally, and physically. If you’re in a

creative field yourself, seek out mentorship or tips on navigating your field without being

defined by your gender.

As stated by Sara Rodrigues (2014) “Sexuality became a trend for the purpose of art.”

This emphasized how sexuality radicalized modern and contemporary art by politicizing and

challenging the limits of aesthetics. The author’s major assumption is that sexuality asked us to

engage with how contemporary art has interfaced with different aspects of sexual identity and

expression in the positioning of art as a social referent. The implications will be that artists

practiced more on the theme "sexuality", because it became a trend, which can help them gain

profit from the audience. Negative implication is that people who are insensitive to sexuality

criticizes instead of appreciate the artwork. In the article, the author welcomed individuals on

how sexuality can be an art and what will happen in the future. He mentioned about the feminist

art and theory and described what it is. Then he also mentioned about the countercultural art and

its artists and compared art and politics of society.

The author, Nikki Petroni, wrote about the works of the artist, Buttigieg. Her Article is

named “Gender, Sexuality, and Spirituality in Contemporary Art” this article contained works

from an exhibition which shows the bodies of each sexuality. The artist featured, Buttigieg,

wanted to show how divine the body is, the temple of each soul and the beauty of imperfections.

The artist also pointed out that the body shouldn’t be shamed upon whether it be different races
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and genders and should be thought of as art. The spiritual aspect explored by Buttigieg deals

with female empowerment. “It is a recognition of woman in her natural form as being de facto

divine (divinity to be here understood within a secular, or profane, capacity).” Nikki Petroni

clarified that the human body is divine and beautiful. That any type of gender should be accepted

and our body is a form of art that should never be ashamed of. She then further explained the

works of Buttigieg at his exhibition, Lawrence Buttigieg's exhibition “Sacred/Profane”. Her

statements and views of the artist’s works provided support and important data for the

researchers research. The useful concepts that the author presented is the views of each side that

disagreed to Buttigieg’s works and thus, gave the researchers the thought of why they must

understand the importance of sexuality. The author also included the artist’s words about the

reason of why he made this exhibit and stated the concept of each work, which further supports

our thesis. (Petroni, 2017)

According to Wall (2015) "The main goals of the artist in the said exhibit in which he

aims to use his artwork to encourage people to face the underlying fear of adolescent sexuality

and identity, and gave a voice to those who have previously felt oppressed by hetero-normative

ideals." It also showed how the artist was bothered on the lack of representation of queer

adolescents and reinforcement of conventional gender roles in the mainstream media, so he

began using his artwork to make sense of the world around him and gave a voice to a taboo

subject. The author presented the same concern as the artist she’s featured. To stimulate people’s

acceptance and open-mindedness about sexuality and identity so that the stigma surrounding the

said topic will fade away? The author described the explanation of the artist on why he focused

his sculpture and installation work on the formative years of adolescent development and favors
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queer imagery as a way to highlight the themes of adolescent sexuality and identity. Therefore, it

implied that despite the changes in our generation, there is still lack of attention around sexuality.

The useful concept that the author presented is that the artists works’ reflects the human yearning

to feel connected to others; a universal experience that anyone can connect to.

According to Capelo’s point about the article “The Effectiveness of Expressing One’s

Sexuality Through Art” is that gender is not something that people possess, but something that is

being built every minute, continuously in all situations of daily life, in permanent interaction

with others, in the way individuals think, communicate and act. Gender is a sociocultural

construction of identity imposed by social norms with the aim of transforming people into

women or men while having real consequences in their lives, namely in the access to wealth,

prestige and power. But this construction of distinct gender roles is simultaneously a personal

choice that resulted in a broad and fluid range of gender identities, such as heterosexuality,

lesbianism, homosexuality, transsexuality, intersexuality, bisexuality, transgenderism, among

others, thus became an act of freedom, diversity and individual expression. The researcher

proved this through applying her thoughts on the works of the museum and used it as an

example. The important and useful concepts presented is how the author stated the importance of

one’s sexual identity and how these are applied through art. Capelo (2018)

According to ” ARCS Model of Motivational Design Theories” of John Keller, there are

four key elements in the learning process which encouraged and sustained learners’ motivation.

These four elements form the acronym ARCS of the model and stand for Attention, Relevance,

Confidence and Satisfaction (ARCS). It stated that learning must be rewarding or satisfying in
EXPRESSING BISEXUALITY THROUGH
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some way, whether it is from a sense of achievement, praised from a higher-up, or mere

entertainment.

This theory is used in order to distinguish if there is any satisfaction whenever a

participant expressed himself through art. It also served as the guideline to identify the utilization

of art in conveying sexual identity.

The purpose of doing this kind of research is to help the researchers know how effective

art is when it came to expressing an individual's sexual identity. Not all LGBTQ+ members can

voice out their real sexuality, therefore some of them created art which showcases sign of them

being an LGBTQ. A person may undergo pressure and stress as they cannot express themselves

in this society. In return, the researchers are also eager to evaluate and discover reasons why art

took an important role in a person’s life as he or she expresses their sexual identity. This study

focused on the role of art to a person and its effectivity for expressing one's gender and sexual

identity.

In conclusion, the researchers found possible ways on how LGBTQ can express or

expose their sexual identity, and this is through art. LGBTQ+ members can use this concept in

order for them to express themselves comfortably, specifically LGBTQ artist.

Methods

Participants

The researchers’ participants are the Senior High School LGBTQ Grade 11 Art Students

in CIIT College of Arts and Technology’s Senior High School Department. More than ¾ of the

population of the SHS art students in CIIT were used to accomplish this research. The ethnic
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background of the participants is Filipino. Most of their ages ranged from 16 to 19 years old.

45% are male and 54% percent are female. 25% percent of the participants were members of the

LGBTQ+ Community. Out of 25% that is equivalent to 44 students, 28 of them were Bisexual

and selected 3 participants for an interview.

Research Design

Qualitative Descriptive Research Design is the type of research design that the

researchers used. This provided data about the people by understanding their behavior and

situations. It may contain the specific events described by analyzing the set of circumstances that

happens in real life that was observed an individual or a group. It also involved the analysis

about a selected issue or topic beyond being restricted by pre-determined study classification.

Qualitative Descriptive Research portrayed an important role in terms of developmental and

behavioral research. This method can be useful to the researchers when talking about how their

participant feel. All in all, Qualitative Descriptive Research is best used in providing behavioral

and natural analysis about the research.

Measures

The standard procedure the researchers used for collected data is the Questionnaire

Method. This type of test has questions with spaces provided for participants to reply, the

researchers used this type of method to identify and separate the Bisexuals from the other sexual

identities.

Procedure

The participants were asked to answer a given questionnaire individually and not in

groups because the researchers find that the participants are much more focused in answering the
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questionnaire when they are alone than when they are in groups. The researchers went to each

classroom one by one and made each section proceed in the computer laboratory for the online

questionnaire. The participants were given the link for the questionnaire for them to begin

answering it. They were given a time of 2 to 5 minutes to answer it. The first part of the survey

consisted of the introduction which stated that all information from the survey will be kept

confidential to protect their personal information. After that, they were asked if they are a

member of the LGBTQ+ Community. If they answered no, then they proceed on submitting the

form. If their answer is yes, they will proceed on stating what their sexual identity is. After

answering, their responses were recorded and began categorizing the different sexual identities.

The next thing the researchers did is that they conducted an interview for those students who

were claimed as Bisexual. The researchers asked them some questions that are related in

expressing their sexual identity.

Results

The present study deals with expressing bisexuality through art among CIIT SHS grade

11 students. The researchers selected a sample of 3 Grade 11 Bisexual art students from the

population of 44 LGBTQ art students out of 170 Grade 11 art students, as stated in the previous

chapter. An online survey was conducted to categorize the members of the LGBTQ+ Community

from those who are not. The sample of 3 Grade 11 Bisexual art students then proceeded on an

interview held by the researchers at the school to further determine how art helps expressing

their sexual identity. The three participants selected are Micha Ena Capoy, Claire Ann Escaño,
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and Jodie Dantes. Our Interview questions focuses on what they feel about the art that they did

about their gender identity. Here are the interview questions asked to the Participants:

Interview Questions:

1) What's your name?

2) Are you Bisexual?

3) Have you created an artwork that expresses your bisexuality/ about your bisexuality?

4) Describe the artwork that you've made. ( With actual artwork if possible )

5) Describe what you've felt after doing the artwork. Did you feel satisfied? Etc.

6) Did you share your created artwork to others? If so, who and what was their reaction?

7) Did the viewer immediately recognize what the artwork is about?

These participants answered the questions and recorded them personally in the premises

of the school and while Jodie Dantes’s answers were done through using messenger. We also

gathered their answers through this app as we typed it down from the recorded version.

First is Micha's answers, “My Name is Micha Ena Capoy. Yes, I am Bisexual. I already

did an artwork that is related to bisexuality. The artwork that I’ve made is a slogan, it is a picture

of two girls that are facing each other. I felt nervous while doing my work since I made it while I

was beside my parents. I also tried to hide it while I was in the process of drawing. Even though I

was nervous, I felt satisfied while doing it. I shared this through facebook because i needed to do

it for school. The peoples reactions were nice as they complimented it and liked my drawing.

Though the topic of my drawing is not usually seen, they recognized what my drawing is about.”
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Then the next participants answers to the interview, is Claire Ann Escano, she was also

interviewed inside the premises of CIIT, “My name is Claire-Ann Escaño. My gender identity is

bisexual. I already made an artwork that is about my gender identity. The work that I did is a

mask with using the rainbow colors of the bisexual flag or LGBT flag. What I felt while doing

this mask felt great because it’s like I am really out and free to express myself. As I shared this to

my friends and family, they were proud and happy that I was doing what I want for myself.

Some did recognized what my art is about immediately. Yes, you could use include my name for

your research.”

Last participant is Jodie Dantes, her interview is done through the app, Messenger. “I am

Jodie Dantes. I am bisexual and I was bisexual ever since I confirmed it in 8th grade. Yes i

already made art about my sexuality. In my work, I created two girls showing affection for each

other. I was drawing it, publicly in my classroom but i guess no one reacted against it, its simply

being praised quietly. It's not yet finished but but once I did, i would feel satisfied because it's

my first art about sexuality. I shared my art only to those people that I trust. Their reactions were

surprised when I showed them this and had funny remarks about it. People who already saw my

drawing recognized it immediately as the art speaks for itself. I don’t mind if you used my name

for your research.”

Discussion

The researcher’s first participant Micha Ena Capoy answered yes to the question “Have

you created an artwork that expresses your bisexuality/ about your bisexuality?” She did a

poster slogan with two girls kissing each other. By the time she is doing her work, her parents
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were beside her, is the reason why she felt nervous about doing her artwork. That is why she

decided to do it privately. She felt satisfied after doing her work also because the people who

saw her work understand what is the meaning of it. Micha’s artwork was somehow related to the

article “​Gender, Sexuality, and Spirituality in Contemporary Art” ​that was made by Nikki

Petroni that she based on the works of Buttigieg, which is an artist, ​wanted to show how divine

the body is, the temple of each soul and the beauty of imperfections. The artist also pointed out

that the body shouldn’t be shamed upon whether it be different races and genders and should be

thought of as art. The spiritual aspect explored by Buttigieg deals with female empowerment. “It

is a recognition of woman in her natural form as being de facto divine (divinity to be here

understood within a secular, or profane, capacity).”

The researchers’ second participant Claire Ann Escaño answered yes to the question

"have you created an artwork that expresses your bisexuality/ about your bisexuality". She

described her work as it has hint of the colors of the bisexual flag. She also said that after she

finished her artwork which is the mask, she felt great because she thinks that she's out and free. It

is somehow similar to the article of Al-Kadhi, A. (2017) Hidden in plain sight: How gay artists

expressed forbidden desire in code, because the participant also used symbol on her artwork that

shows her sexual identity which is similar to the scenario stated in the article. In this article,

LGBTQ members tend to use symbols, codes and art for them to express their sexual identity in

a comfortable way. For the question "did you share your created artwork to others" our

participant answered yes, and also stated that the viewers of her artwork were so proud and

happy. Some did recognize her artwork but some didn't recognize it immediately.
EXPRESSING BISEXUALITY THROUGH
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​ The researchers’ last participant Jodie Dantes, also answered yes to the question "have

you created an artwork that expresses your bisexuality/ about your bisexuality". Describing her

artwork, she said that it was a drawing of two girls showing affection to each other which is also

related to the article of Al-Kadhi, A.(2017): “Hidden in plain sight: How gay artists expressed

forbidden desire in code” in which the participant added a symbol of intimacy in two women on

her drawing. The article stated scenarios about how participants expressed their sexual identity

through symbols, codes, and through art in their everyday life. She said that she was drawing it

publicly in her classroom but nobody bothered and just appreciated the sketch. She felt relieved

and open because nobody reacted negatively about it. In our question "Did you share your

created artwork to others?", she answered yes and said that she only shared her artwork to those

people that she trust. The viewers were surprised and gave her a funny remark, "that's gay". Jodie

stated that the viewers recognized her work; “the art speaks for itself”, she said which is

somehow related to the article “Sexuality became a trend for the purpose of art” by Sara

Rodrigues(2014) because she only shared her work to people she trusts. The participant might

not want to share her work to everyone, and it could be related to Rodrigues’ article which stated

that negative implication is that people who are insensitive to sexuality criticizes instead of

appreciate the artwork.

Conclusion

By all counts, and with satisfying results, arts effectivity in terms of one’s sexuality and

gender identity is proven that expressing and creating satisfies one’s needs emotionally. To be

understood or not, the impact it takes on an artist is gratifying as the publicity of one’s work

could help contribute to how the artist feels. Our research also implies, acceptance is important
EXPRESSING BISEXUALITY THROUGH
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and so is expressing. From the datas that the researchers' gathered, it shows that expressing their

sexuality through art gives them complete satisfaction and relief; this means that art can really

help a person voice out what they are feeling through their works. The viewers' reaction could

also be a big impact of how they felt, according to our participants, almost nobody showed

negative reactions, which lead them to being open and confident with their sexuality.

Appendices

Appendix A

Gender Frequency Percentage

Bisexual 28 63%

Pansexual 7 15%

Lesbian 1 2%

Asexual 1 2%

Transgender 2 4%

Queer 3 6%

Gay 2 4%

Total 44 100%

​ (Gender-wise distribution shows the frequency and percentage of genders)

EXPRESSING BISEXUALITY THROUGH
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Appendix B

This letter contains the permission for conducting a survey in the Senior High CIIT

students.
EXPRESSING BISEXUALITY THROUGH
ART AMONG CIIT SHS GRADE 11 STUDENTS 18

Appendix C

This letter contains the permission for the Computer Lab to conduct an online survey in

the CIIT Senior High School students.

EXPRESSING BISEXUALITY THROUGH
ART AMONG CIIT SHS GRADE 11 STUDENTS 19

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ART AMONG CIIT SHS GRADE 11 STUDENTS 20

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