SIMPLE DIAGRAM OF A

ROTARY DRILLING RIG

LEGEND:

No Component Funtions
1 Mud tank/ mud pit is often called mud pits and stores drilling fluid until it is required down
the wellbore. A drilling rig normally has two tanks. A tank is sectioned
off into compartments. A compartment may include a settling tank,
sometimes called a sand trap, to allow sand and other solids in the
drilling fluid to precipitate before it flows into the next compartment.
Other compartments may have agitators, which are large fan blades
stirring the fluid to prevent its contents from precipitating.
2 Shale shakers separates drill cuttings from the drilling fluid before it is pumped back
down the wellbore.
3 Suction line (mud is an intake line for the mud pump to draw drilling fluid from the mud
pump) tanks. The pipe work linking the mud tanks/pits with the mud pumps.
4 Mud pump is a reciprocal type of pump used to circulate drilling fluid under high
pressure (up to 7,500 psi (52,000 kPa) ) down the drill string and back
up the annulus.
5 Motor or power The electrical power generators are driven by diesel powered internal
source combustion engines. Electricity is then supplied to electric motors
connected to the drawworks, rotary tables and mud pumps.
6 Vibrating hose is a flexible, high pressure hose (similar to the kelly hose) that connects
the mud pump to the stand pipe. It is called the vibrating hose because
it tends to vibrate and shake (sometimes violently) due to its close
proximity to the mud pumps.
7 Draw-works (winch) is the mechanical section that contains the spool, whose main function
is to reel in/out the drill line to raise/lower the traveling block.
8 Standpipe is a thick metal tubing, situated vertically along the derrick, that
facilitates the flow of drilling fluid and has attached to it and supports
one end of the kelly hose.
9 Kelly hose is a flexible, high pressure hose that connects the standpipe to the kelly
(or more specifically to the gooseneck on the swivel above the kelly)
and allows free vertical movement of the kelly, while facilitating the
flow of the drilling fluid through the system and down the drill string.
10 Goose-neck is a thick metal elbow connected to the swivel and standpipe that
supports the weight of and provides a downward angle for the kelly
hose to hang from.
11 Traveling block is the moving end of the block and tackle. Together, they give a
significant mechanical advantage for lifting.
12 Drill line is thick, stranded metal cable threaded through the two blocks
(traveling and crown) to raise and lower the drill string.
13 Crown block is the stationary end of the block and tackle.
14 Derrick is the support structure for the equipment used to lower and raise
the drill string into and out of the wellbore.
15 Monkey board is the catwalk along the side of the derrick (usually about 35 or 40 feet
above the "floor"). The monkey board is where the derrick man works
while "tripping" pipe.
16 Stand (of drill pipe) is a joint of hollow tubing used to connect the surface equipment to
the bottom hole assembly (BHA) and acts as a conduit for the drilling
fluid. In the diagram, these are stands of drill pipe which are 2 or 3
joints of drill pipe connected together and stood in the derrick
 vertically, usually to save time while tripping pipe.
17 Pipe rack (floor) is a part of the drill floor (#21) where the stands of drill pipe are stood
upright. It is typically made of a metal frame structure with large
wooden beams situated within it. The wood helps to protect the end of
the drill pipe.
18 Swivel (On newer is the top end of the kelly that allows the rotation of the drill string
rigs this may be without twisting the block.
replaced by a top
drive)
19 Kelly drive is a square, hexagonal or octagonal shaped tubing that is inserted
through and is an integral part of the rotary table that moves freely
vertically while the rotary table turns it. It is used to transfer energy
from the rotary table to the rest of the drill string
20 Rotary table rotates along with its constituent parts, the kelly and kelly bushing, the
drill string and the attached tools and bit.
21 Drill floor is the area on the rig where the tools are located to make the
connections of the drill pipe, bottom hole assembly, tools and bit. It is
considered the main area where work is performed.
22 Bell nipple is a section of large diameter pipe fitted to the top of the blowout
preventers that the flow line attaches to via a side outlet, to allow
the drilling mud to flow back to the mud tanks.
23 Blowout are devices installed at the wellhead to prevent fluids and gases from
preventer (BOP) unintentionally escaping from the wellbore.
Annular
24 Blowout preventers The rams extend toward the center of the wellbore to restrict flow or
(BOPs) pipe ram & retract open in order to permit flow
shear ram
25 Drill string is an assembled collection of drill pipe, heavy weight drill pipe, drill
collars and any of a whole assortment of tools, connected together and
run into the wellbore to facilitate the drilling of a well. The collection is
referred to singularly as the drill string.
26 Drill bit is a device attached to the end of the drill string that breaks apart the
rock being drilled. It contains jets through which the drilling fluid exits.
27 Casing head is a large metal flange welded or screwed onto the top of
the conductor pipe (also known as drive-pipe) or the casing and is used
to bolt the surface equipment such as theblowout preventers (for well
drilling) or the Christmas tree (oil well) (for well production).
28 Flow line is large diameter pipe that is attached to the bell nipple and extends to
the shale shakers to facilitate the flow of drilling fluid back to the mud
tanks.
Notes:

 This is the main components of a petroleum onshore drilling rig. Offshore drilling rigs have
similar elements, but are configured with a number of different drilling systems to suit
drilling in the marine environment.
 The equipment associated with a rig is to some extent dependent on the type of rig but
typically includes at least some of the items listed above.
 The standard derrick measures 140’ high, 30’ square base, and is capable of supporting
1,000,000 lbs weight.
 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_components_of_oil_drilling_rigs