BY Rohit Chaurasia 71/08 III B. Tech Civil Engg.

Tsunami is a series of waves with extremely long wave length and long period
generated when a body of water rapidly displaced.
The term 'tsunami' comes from the Japanese, meaning "harbor" (tsu ) and "wave"
(nami )
CAUSES OF TSUNAMI
‡ Earthquake ‡ mass movements above or below water ‡ some volcanic eruptions ‡
Underwater explosions ‡ Landslides
Earthquake Tsunami Formation
Earthquake Water column up and down Potential energy Kinetic energy Tsunami
Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions below water all
have the potential to generate a tsunami.
Landslide Tsunami
CHARACTERISTICS
‡ Speed:
V =¥g h

‡ Intensity:
I = 0.5 log 2H
H = average maximum runup height

Tsunami Velocities
CHARACTERISTICS
` ` ` `

Max Run up : Amplitude : Wave Length : Tsunamis are shallow-water waves. Its height
in deep water is very less but when it penetrates in shallow water, its speed &
wave length decreases & height increases.
SIGNS OF AN APPROACHING TSUNAMI
‡ Earthquakes are often a cause of tsunami.
‡ If the part of tsunami to

reach land is trough the water along the shoreline may recede dramatically,
exposing areas that are normally always submerged, It¶s a big sign of tsunami.
WARNING
‡ Bottom pressure sensor:
These are anchored and attached to buoys. Sensors on the equipment constantly
monitor the pressure of the overlying water column.

‡ A tsunami cannot be prevented or precisely predicted.

Bottom pressure sensor:

A Tsunami Warning System (TWS) is a system to detect tsunamis and issue warnings to
prevent loss of life and property. It consists of two equally important components:
a network of sensors to detect tsunamis and a communications infrastructure to
issue timely alarms to peoples.
PREVENTION
‡ It is not possible to prevent a tsunami. But we can mitigate losses from it by‡
Making sea wall
‡ Making floodgates and

channels to redirect the water from incoming tsunami. ‡ Plantation of mangroves and
coastal forests along the coast line.
sea wall of japan
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. ‡ Development of tsunami detection, forecasting and warning centers.

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Japan was hit by an giant earthquake on March 11,2011, that triggered a deadly
23foot tsunami in the country's north. Its magnitude was 8.9. More than 20,600 were
confirmed dead and more than 13,000 peoples still missing. Three nuclear reactors
destroyed.
Tsunami is a natural, unstoppable but predictable phenomenon. We can¶t avoid it but
we can mitigate its losses by taking appropriate preventive measures.
Thank You