UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City

Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: HISTORY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

CHILD AND ADOLSCENT DEVELOPEMNT
PHILOSOPHY OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Early childhood educators play such an important role in a child’s development. They
inspire young minds, expose them to the joys of learning, and give them the foundation
for lifelong success.

Early childhood education is one of the most important policy topics out there. Research
has proven that the early years in childhood is a critical period for opportunity to develop a
child’s full potential; as well as form academic, social, and cognitive skills that determine
not only success in school but also their entire life.

Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel - father of kindergarten

EARLYCHILDHOOD PHILOSOPHERS/CONTRIBUTOR

Martin Luther Lev Vygotsky MARIA MONTESSORI Howard Gardner

John Dewey JEAN PIAGET Erik Erikson

UNESCO (United Nation Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization was formed
on November 16, 1945).

CHILD AND ADOLSCENT DEVELOPEMNT

Definition:
Change in the child that occurs over time.
Changes follow an orderly pattern that moves toward greater complexity
and enhances survival.
Periods of development:
Prenatal period: from conception to birth
Infancy and toddlerhood: birth to 2 years
Early childhood: 2-6 years old
Middle childhood: 6-12 years old
Adolescence: 12-19 years old
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES/ENVIRONMENT FACTORS

INFLUENCING CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Child development - theories focus on explaining how children change and grow over
the course of childhood. Such theories center on various aspects of development
including social, emotional, and cognitive growth.

The study of human development is a rich and varied subject. We all have personal
experience with development, but it is sometimes difficult to understand how and why
people grow, learn, and act as they do.

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES

Freud's Psychosexual Developmental Theory – Sigmund Freud

Erikson's Psychosocial Developmental Theory – Erick Erickson

Behavioral Child Development Theoriesn – John B. Watson /BF Skinner

Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory – John Piaget

Bowlby's Attachment Theory – John Bowlby

Bandura's Social Learning Theory – Albert Bandura

Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory – Lev Vygotsky

 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

MOTIVATION FOR EARLY GRADES

Early childhood is an exciting time for parents and children, as a child develops
and refines physical skills from running to drawing. Your child's physical development
can be encouraged by providing the right environment, once the skills involved are
understood

The two basic types of physical development in early childhood that allow the
development of physical skills are gross motor development, or the development of
skills using large movements that involve the whole body, and fine motor development,
or the development of skills involving the hands and fingers and using smaller, more
precise movements.

MOTIVATION IN EARLY GRADES

Many discussions of motivation begin by making a distinction between intrinsic

and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is characterized as that which comes from
within the individual. It inspires action even when there is no perceived external stimulus
or reward. Extrinsic motivation, in contrast, provides incentive to engage in action which
may not be inherently pleasing or engaging, but which may offer benefits in terms of
perceived potential outcomes.
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: LEGAL FOUNDATION

PHILOSOPHY OF TEACHING IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
DISCIPLINES AND CHILDRENS BEHAVIOR

Legal Foundation
Filipino children will enjoy free public quality elementary and secondary education.
The government provides free and quality education for all Filipino children. Because
education has the highest budget in our country.

Philosophy of teaching in early grades

Today, many educational institutions require a philosophy of teaching from early

childhood education instructors. In addition to needing one when applying for a job,
articulating their approach to education is an excellent idea for teachers for many other
reasons.
First and foremost, a philosophy of teaching can help an educator clearly define what
sort of teacher they want to be and this will help them move forward more easily in their
career path. In essence, a philosophy of teaching is a one- or two-page document that
expresses an educator’s preferred teaching style, strengths and overall teaching
orientation.

Disciplines and children behavior

Shaping children’s behavior means providing the child with cues and
reinforcements that direct them toward desirable behavior. As you shape children’s
behavior, the child’s personality tags along and also changes and improves.

Best way to shape childrens behavior

A) Praise B) selective ignoring C) time-out D) consequences E) motivators

F) reminders G) negotiation H) withdrawing privileges I) humor

 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: Westerns Philosophy

Childrens Emotional

Western philosophy, history of Western philosophy from its development

among the ancient Greeks to the present.This article has three basic purposes: (1) to
provide an overview of the history of philosophy in the West, (2) to relate philosophical
ideas and movements to their historical background and to the cultural history of their
time, and (3) to trace the changing conception of the definition, the function, and the
task of philosophy.

Childrens Emotional

Emotions are natural instincts. The child experiences these emotions from early
stages of his life. Emotions include physical as well as mental processes. Love,
jealousy, anger, fear, disgust and rivalry are various emotions.

1. Emotions of children are short-lived

2. Emotions of children change quickly

3. Emotions of children are intense

4. Children show their physical gesture freely during emotional state

5. Emotions of children appear frequently

6. Individual differences are found in children’s emotional behavior

7. Intensity of children’s emotions changes with age

 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: Safe Environment

Teaching 21st Century

Safe Environment
Establishing and maintaining a safe and supportive learning environment, is
essential in creating a construction workshop that is clean, well-organized and where
students feel and are safe. It should be arranged so that all the resources that may be
required are within easy reach and available in order that you do not have to stop
teaching. Because of the inherent dangers within the workshop environment all students
are required to wear personal protective equipment and observe all safety rules
concerning the use of tools and operation of machinery they are also responsible for
ensuring that all tools are fit for purpose prior to use. All students are expected to act
appropriately and take responsibility for their own and everyone else’s Health and Safety
within the workshop. The vocational nature of the qualification that our students undertake
is of a very structured nature with students developing skills required to undertake
practical assessments, as a result of this the learning that takes place allows students to
develop at their own pace and to a level that allows them to achieve their full potential.

21ST CENTURY STUDENTS

 Generation Z – born between 1995 and 2009 – most do not remember life without the
internet, and have had technology like smartphones, iPads, smartboards and other
devices available throughout most of their schooling.
 Generation Alpha – born since 2010 – they are younger than smartphones, the iPad, 3D
television, Instagram, and music streaming apps like Spotify. This is the first generation
likely to see in the 22nd century in large numbers.
Growing up with this level of technology means growing up with a completely
unprecedented amount of information at your fingertips. There are kids who have never
been more than a few seconds away from the answers to their questions, with
everything just a quick search away. They are able to teach themselves about any topic
they are interested in without even leaving their bedroom.The current cohort of students
come from Generation Z and Generation Alpha. These two generations have grown up
with advanced technology as a given in their homes and classrooms. They are digital
natives, as comfortable using apps and code as their grandparents were flipping pages.
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: Fostering Childrens Engagement in Learning

GOLD Assessment System

Educators of young children tend to share the goal of fostering children’s

successful learning and achievement. As the pressure to emphasize academic
standards increases, it is all the more essential to reflect on the most effective practices
for ensuring that children are actually learning what is being taught. Some factors
related to children’s achievement are not in teachers’ control, but creating a climate of
engagement in the classroom is. The use of engagement strategies is a powerful
teaching tool critical in promoting children’s achievement because it • focuses children
on learning; • supports learning specific skills and concepts; and • provides children
positive associations with learning.

GOLD Assessment System

The primary purpose of Teaching Strategies GOLD® is to document children’s

learning over time, inform instruction, identify at-risk children, and facilitate
communication with families and stakeholders. It is important to remember that
Teaching Strategies GOLD® is not intended as a screening or diagnostic measure, an
achievement test, or a program evaluation tool. The information obtained should be
used as just one part of a larger system of data collection for decision making.

With GOLD teachers can:

 Use a variety of online tools to gather and organize meaningful data quickly,
including online portfolios where children’s work can be stored;
 Create a developmental profile of each child to answer the questions, "What
does this child know? What is he or she able to do?" that can be used to scaffold
each child’s learning; and
 Generate comprehensive reports that can be customized easily and shared with
family members and other stakeholders.
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: Overall Insights

Brain in early childhood takes what environment offers and learning environment
that challenges and motivate children is the first preparation of child education. The
education given in early childhood shapes foundation of the life and helps mental and
academic development of child. It is very essential to recognize importance of early
childhood education and how it effects to person’s life. Effective curriculum and
education in early childhood encourage and develop language skill and ability to acquire
vocabulary. Throughout the play and education, children learn social skills along with
how to deal with others and develop their own values.

By proving proper education in early childhood, children learn basic foundation of

their whole life and also develop social, mental, and academic activities. Among many
benefits of early childhood education, most fundamental reason is that education
provided in five to eight years is very influential to what kind of person a child would
grow up and is vital for academic and mental development of an individual.
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Tulip St. Area C , Camarin Caloocan City
Summer Class 2019 -2020

MATG 304 FOUNDATION OF TEACHING IN EARLY GRADES

Prepared by:
Honey Jeanne M. Liwag

TOPIC: Philippine Elections

An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population

chooses an individual to hold public office.[1] Elections have been the usual mechanism
by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th
century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in
the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local government. This process is also
used in many other private and business organizations, from clubs to voluntary
associations and corporations.

The 2019 Philippine general election was conducted on May 13, 2019. A midterm
election, those elected therein will take office on June 30, 2019, midway through the
term of President Rodrigo Duterte.
The following positions were contested:

 12 seats in the Senate of the Philippines

 All seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines
 All provincial-level elected positions in the provinces of the Philippines
 All city-level elected positions in the cities of the Philippines
 All municipal-level elected positions in the municipalities of the Philippines