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Chapter-1 t4b Group 4
Chapter-1 t4b Group 4
1.1 Introduction
As the world changes and develops, communications and technology
develops at the same time. People exchange information from time to time.
Communications has been having an effect on humanity and the quality of life and
technology just keeps getting more and more advanced, which makes life easier
today. This exchange of information makes every person rely on technology to
channel their message which is becoming a preferred method between individuals.
This method which comprises of exchanging information through technical means
can create additional advantages uncommon in face-to-face interactions. People
communicate through cellphones, computers and other electronic devices.
The picture above is the location map of Tarlac and Rizal, Nueva Ecija having a
distance of approximately 57.39 kilometers or 35.660493 miles.
History
Way back in its history, Tarlac’s first inhabitans were rulers and villagers who
migrated from Bacolor, Pampanga. They eventually resided and build a small
village located in the area which is presently Tarlac City. In the formal history, the
area was included in the record books to be formally founded during the year 1788.
The community with a small number of inhabitants quickly developed and rapidly
grew due to the increase of immigrants coming from from Zambales, Pampanga,
Bataan and elsewhere who wish to flock into the settlement. Through the diaspora
of immigrants, the city became a multicultural location as it became the melting pot
of different lives and cultural backgrounds including the distinct groups of the
Ilocanos, the Kapampangans, the Pangasinenses and the Tagalogs. Concerning
its mother tounge, the Pampanga dialect was eventually hailed as the native
language of the area asi it was highly influenced by the Kapampangans during the
foundation years of the city. As modernization took place, establishments such as
roads were built and high rise structures were built through common effrots of
public and private entities. Since 1788, they are continually developed and rose to
the top as it became the nucleus and central district of Tarlac province. Although,
the city has had past troubles and dillemas concerning environmental disaster e
course of its existence, including those precipitated by earthquakes, cholera and
other epidemics, great fires, devastating floods and similar calamities. Through
the time of progress, Tarlac has been able to withstand hardships such as internal
conflicts, economic crisis, wars and other political issues in order to re-emerge and
position themselves as a strong and eager city that meets the challenges of
tomorrow.
The figure above shows the topographical map of Tarlac City t is clearly
shown in the map that at the west area of Tarlac is where the higher elevation of
land is located while the eastern part is where significant drop in elevation is
observed. The colour illustrated in the map indicates the elevation level of the area.
Demography
Figure 7: Population Census (Tarlac)
The population of Tarlac City in
the 2015 census was 342 493
people,with a density of 450
inhabitants per square kilometre or
1,200 inhabitants per square mile.
Its water resources are quite limited since the city is bounded by land on all
sides. Due to this handicap, its fish resources are solely limited to the production
of its fishponds and river systems. For its lumber resource, Tarlac primarily tap to
its boundary in the west with Zambales which provides timber for the logging
industry. Mineral reserves such as manganese and iron can also be found along
the western section.
For its cottage industries, the city boasts its ceramic production. It has
become well-known that the city is able to supply abundant amounts of clay. Other
industries in the location involve food processing of Chicharon, Iniruban and other
sugar products.
100.00%
80.00%
60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%
The graph and data above (Figure 9 and 10) show that in year 2013-2014, there
is a little increase in the gross sales of registered firms. However, in year 2014-
2015, the increase in sales is almost half. Thus, the growth of local economy in
Tarlac is improving every year.
Figure 11. Graph of the Gross Sales of Registered Firms of Tarlac
Based from the latest statistics given, the annual regular revenue of Tarlac
for the fiscal year of 2016 was ₱1,600,062,482.13 according to the Bureau of Local
Government Finance. Despite of decrease in the annual regular income of Tarlac
in the year 2015 to 2016, it can be considered that the city is greatly developing
due to its responsiveness in its annual regular income.
Climate
The "mean daily maximum" (solid red line) is a depiction of the maximum
temperature of an average day for every month for Tarlac City. On the other hand,
the "mean daily minimum" (solid blue line) is a depiction referring to the average
minimum temperature. Based from graph interpretation, Tarlac City's temperature
is mostly hot as it ranges in the high 28-30 degrees Celcius
Gauging from the figure, Tarlac City's temperature most of the year is sunny. The
maximum temperature diagram for Tarlac City displays how many days per month
reach certain temperatures. The warmest month of the year is April which can a
temperature up to 35 degrees celsius.
LOCATION PROFILE : Rizal, Nueva Ecija
Short History
In its history, it was known that two factions were the first to inhabit the area of
Rizal. The larger group group belonged to an entire clan of pioneer-settlers who
were from the North. This group belonged to the faction of the Ilocanos. On the
other hand, the second group who settled in the area years after the settlement of
the first faction belonged to a different tribes having different lingual styles. These
two factions then considered and merged to form a new community, originally
called Bunobon after the bunobon seedlings that thrived in the soil. The area in
which these seedlings sprouted became under the jurisdiction of Bongabon or now
known as Rizal municipality.
During the event of the Second World War, Japanese Imperial forces occupied
and forced their way into entering the town in Rizal in 1942. 3 years after, the
combined U.S. and Philippine Commonwealth ground troops including the local
various recognized guerrillas and Hukbalahap Communist guerrillas fought their
way back to gain the much needed independence and liberty of the town, The
combined forces were able to manage to defeat the Japanese Imperial forces and
eventually have a conclusion to the Second World War. After the war, most
inhabitants regained their pride and established business concerning agriculture.
As the20th century came to be, various barangays were formed through the
collective effrot of the local government. As time progresses, more and more
people become part of the community and a larger group of work force has yield
to a productive environment for the municipality of Rizal. Throughout its history,
only continual progress has defined the state and motto for this particular area.
Demographics
Rizal is classified to
have a tropical climate.
It experiences
significant rainfall for
most months with a
season of months
having a short dry
season. The average
annual temperature in
the municipality is at
26.8 °C and the average
rainfall is at 1971 mm. The driest month is said to be January, with 28 mm of rainfall
while August has the highest precipitation at an average of 330 mm.
Economy
When it comes to economy, Rizal Nueva Ecija boasts its pride as one of the most
promising and fastest growing economy in the Region. Despite being ranked as a
2nd class municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines, it is still one of
the upcoming municipalities when it comes to growth. In relation, it has placed
inside the top 15 for most promising growth in the Philippines in recent years and
is expected to rise even more given the developments being launched in the area.
Rizal’s primary source for development comes from the agricultural sector as it has
about 15% of the rice fields in the whole of Nueva Ecija province. Through this
abundance of resource, its is able to position itself to invest and develop other
areas in its economy.
The scope of the study contains the significant information that needs
to be explored for the communication system (Point-to-point Microwave
Communication) designed by the group. This includes the following :
Analysis of the parameters to accurately deliberate and state characteristics
that affects the nature and behavior of the Point-to-Point Microwave
Communication System.
Suitable equipment for the designed communication system, towers,
antennas, and, connection links
Topographic characteristics of the sites and where both towers are mounted
on an existing structure.
Despite having only researched based data and analysis of the
Microwave Communications, the proponents also computed for some
parameters based on disquisition and analysis. Moreover, the design site is
assumed to be suitable to the ideal microwave communication tower.
Mainly, the purpose of the study is to establish the best route for linking and
to design a suitable microwave communication system from Tarlac City,Tarlac to
Rizal Nueva Ecija. The scope of the budget link is from Tarlac City, Tarlac to Rizal,
Nueva Ecija. Certain parameters such as geography, topography, and
demography of the locations were verified to identify specific obstructions with their
characteristics that can greatly affect the reliability and fidelity of the microwave
communication system. The design is limited only to the said locations with a
distance of approximately 57.39km. The design is only applicable in the
considered obstructions. Also, the project is only limited for design and not for the
implementation and installation of the antenna. Relatively, since the design will
not be implemented, the design cost could not be estimated.
TERM DEFINITION
Antenna - is one of the types of transducer that converts
radio-frequency (RF) fields into alternating
current (AC) or vice versa. It is classified as a
conductor where electromagnetic waves are
transmitted or received.