Hydraulics A320

CONTROLS & NORMAL ABNORMAL
HYDRAULICS 1 of 77 OVERVIEW
INDICATORS OPERATION OPERATION
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Welcome to this presentation

covering the hydraulic system
on A320 Series aircraft.
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SECTION - OVERVIEW MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The aircraft has three

continuously operating
hydraulic systems.
They are designated the
green, blue, and yellow
systems.
Each system operates
independently.
There is no possibility of fluid
transfer from one system to
another.
These systems function at a

normal operating pressure of
approximately 3000 psi.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
To provide additional
redundancy, each system is
provided with at least two
pressure sources,
including………..
-- engine driven pumps,
-- electric pumps,
-- a Ram Air Turbine (RAT),
-- and a Power Transfer Unit

(PTU).
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Each hydraulic system

includes a reservoir for fluid
storage and recirculation.
To prevent pump cavitation,
the reservoir is automatically
pressurized by the aircraft’s
pneumatic system.
Normally, High Pressure (HP) G B Y
air from engine 1 pressurizes
the hydraulic reservoirs HYD RESERVOIRS
automatically.
If the bleed air pressure is too
low, the system takes bleed
air pressure from the
crossbleed duct.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
GREEN SYSTEM USERS
Let's first take a look at the

green hydraulic system.
A fire shutoff valve is
positioned upstream of the
engine driven pump, enabling
the crew to stop the flow of
hydraulic fluid to the engine
should an engine fire occur.
The shutoff valve is closed
using the ENG 1 FIRE pb.
The primary pressure source

for the green system is a
hydraulic pump driven by
engine 1 (left engine).
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
GREEN SYSTEM USERS
The green system includes an

accumulator that helps
maintain constant pressure by
covering transient demands
during normal operations.
Unlike other components
discussed, the green
accumulator can neither be
monitored nor controlled from
the cockpit.
This is the only time it will be
mentioned.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
GREEN SYSTEM USERS
A backup source of pressure

for the green system is the
Power Transfer Unit (PTU). It
is bidirectional and enables:
- The yellow system to
pressurize the green system
or,
- The green system to
pressurize the yellow system.
The PTU activates
automatically if the differential
pressure between the green
and yellow systems is greater
than 500 psi.
The PTU pressurizes the
system with the lower
pressure.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
GREEN SYSTEM USERS YELLOW SYSTEM USERS

The yellow system includes a
reservoir, fire valve, engine
driven pump (driven by
engine 2) and an accumulator,
all of which function the same
as those in the green system.
An additional backup source

of pressure for the yellow
system is an electric pump
E
which can be controlled from
the cockpit.
The electric pump is also used

when operating cargo doors.
While the electric pump is
operating the cargo doors, the
only other yellow system
devices that can operate are
braking and engine 2 reverse.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
GREEN SYSTEM USERS YELLOW SYSTEM USERS

The yellow system also
includes a hand pump which
can be used to provide
pressure to operate the cargo
doors if the yellow system’s
electric pump fails.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The yellow system hand pump

is located on the right side of
the fuselage.
Operating cargo doors using
the hand pump requires two
people.
Yellow system hand
One to operate the pump, and
the second to operate the pump
door selector (located at each
cargo door).
Cargo door selector
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
GREEN SYSTEM USERS BLUE SYSTEM USERS YELLOW SYSTEM USERS

The blue system includes a
reservoir and an accumulator.
It is unique in that its primary
pressure source is an electric
pump.
This electric pump activates
automatically after the first
engine is started.
A pump driven by a Ram Air

Turbine (RAT) pressurizes the E E
blue system if normal sources
of electrical power are not
available.
The PTU cannot pressurize
the blue system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The green, blue, and yellow

hydraulic systems power ALL
of the aircraft’s flight controls
and many other aircraft
systems.
Most aircraft are configured as
you see here, however some
items such as nosewheel
steering are different on some
aircraft.
This will be discussed in the
DIFFERENCES section.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
If a hydraulic system
malfunctions, the respective
System Display (SD) displays
the effected components.
In this scenario, we can see
which flight control surfaces
are effected by a green
hydraulic system failure
because they are displayed in
amber.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Even more helpful, the

STATUS page displays a
complete list of the systems
and components impacted by
the failure.
The STATUS page shown
here is a good example.
Notice the information
provided with the loss of the
green system.
You will have more
opportunities to review the
STATUS page during the
ABNORMAL OPERATION
section of this lesson.
This concludes the
OVERVIEW section of this
lesson.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The HYD page displays the

green, blue, and yellow
hydraulic systems from left to
right respectively.
We will now examine

individual items displayed on
the page, starting at the
bottom with the reservoirs.
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SECTION - CONTROLS & INDICATORS MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The right facing “>” indicates

the fluid level. It is normally
green and moves up and
down the white vertical index
to reflect changes in fluid
level.
The green “box” at the upper
right of the index represents
the normal fill range for
hydraulic fluid.
The crew will check that the
hydraulic quantity is within the
normal fill range during the
preflight.
While the hydraulics are
operating inflight, it is possible
for the hydraulic quantity to be
less than the fill range.
This is particularly true for the
green system after the gear
has been retracted.
Advance to retract the landing
gear and observe the drop in
reservoir quantity which
occurs after the gear is raised.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The indicator is displayed in

amber if the quantity drops to
within the amber low-level
warning “box” on the right side
of the index.
This would be accompanied
by an ECAM caution
message.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
LO AIR PRESS is displayed in

amber, and an ECAM
message is displayed, if
reservoir air pressure drops
below normal.
OVHT is displayed in amber,

and an ECAM message is
displayed, if the hydraulic fluid
temperature is above normal.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The fire valves in the green

and yellow systems are
displayed in-line green when
the valve is open (i.e., not fully
closed).
Cross-line amber indicates the
fire valve is fully closed.
In this example, engine 2 has
been shut down using the
ENG 2 FIRE pb.
The engine shut down is also
indicated by the amber 2.
The engine numbers are
normally white. They are
displayed in amber when an
engine is not running.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
One additional point about the

fire valves.
From this ECAM depiction it
would appear that, with the fire
valve closed, hydraulic fluid
cannot flow beyond that point.
In reality, that is NOT true.

If the fire valve is closed,
hydraulic fluid is allowed to
bypass the engine.
This relationship is simply not
displayed on the HYD page.
The fluid is available for
another pressure source (e.g.,
PTU or electric pump) to use
in order to pressurize the
system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Notice that the yellow system

engine driven pump now has
an amber LO indication.
This is because fluid is no
longer flowing to the engine
driven pump.
LO is also displayed if the
pump is not performing
properly and providing low
hydraulic pressure.
If the pump is selected OFF,

using a pb on the overhead
HYD panel, the indication
changes to cross-line amber.
When the pb is in its normal

on position, and the pump is
providing normal pressure, the
indication is in-line green.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Notice how the PTU is

currently displayed.
This PTU indication shows
that the PTU, using energy
supplied by the green system,
is now pressurizing the yellow
system.
Remember, no fluid is being
transferred.
Let's look at some other

possible PTU indications.
The PTU is pressurizing the

yellow hydraulic system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, the PTU is

pressurizing the green
hydraulic system.
The PTU is pressurizing the

green hydraulic system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, the PTU pb is

in AUTO and the PTU is not
transferring pressure.
The PTU pb is in AUTO and the

PTU is not transferring pressure.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The PTU is displayed in

amber if the PTU pb is OFF or
the PTU fails its self test.
A PTU self test is conducted
during second engine start.
A PTU fault during the self test
is the only time a PTU fault
message is generated.
It is important to remember
that the PTU is unmonitored
after the self test is complete.
If the PTU fails inflight, there
will be no change in the
indication. It is unlikely you
would be aware of a PTU
failure in flight.
An amber PTU indication does The PTU pb is OFF or the PTU
not always mean it has failed. has failed its self test.
It generally indicates that the
PTU has been selected OFF.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Moving on to the electric

pumps, the ELEC legend is
normally white for both the
primary blue electric pump
and the backup yellow electric
pump.
ELEC is displayed in amber if

the pump’s normal electrical
power supply fails or the pump
is selected OFF.
An amber OVHT is displayed

if the electric pump overheats.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Because of its role as a

backup pressure source, the
yellow system electric pump is
presented in additional ways.
In this example, the yellow
electric pump is not operating.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

electric pump is ON and
providing normal pressure.
The pump can be manually
selected ON using a pb on the
overhead HYD panel.
It also activates automatically
during cargo door operation
with the engines shut down.
In that case, the pump only
pressurizes a portion of the
yellow system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

system electric pump has
been activated, either
manually or automatically, and
yellow system pressure is low.
Also in this example, the PTU
has been selected OFF by the
crew. This will be discussed
later in the presentation.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Next, we move on to the

backup pressure source for the
blue system, the Ram Air
Turbine (RAT).
The drop-out RAT is coupled to
a hydraulic pump that allows
the blue system to function if
electrical power is lost or both
engines fail.
The RAT deploys automatically
if AC BUS 1 and AC BUS 2 are
lost. It can also be deployed
manually using a pb on the
overhead panel.
In addition to providing blue
system pressure, the RAT also
provides hydraulic pressure to
drive an emergency generator
if necessary.
The emergency generator is
discussed in the electrical
system lesson.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, the RAT is in

its normal stowed condition.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, the RAT is

deployed.
If the RAT is not available or

fails, it is displayed in amber.
The RAT can only be stowed
by maintenance personnel
when the aircraft is on the
ground.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Finally, we come to the

system labels and system
pressure readings at the top of
the HYD page.
In this example, all three
systems are operating at their
normal pressure.
If hydraulic system pressure

drops below 1450 psi, it is
displayed in amber.
We now move on to the HYD
overhead panel.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The HYD panel is located on

the aft center of the overhead
panel and allows the crew to
control key components of the
hydraulic system.
It also provides a graphic
depiction of the basic layout of
essential system elements.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The two engine driven pump

pbs, ENG 1 PUMP and ENG 2
PUMP, are normally on (lights
out). This allows the pumps to
operate when the respective
engine is running.
If either of these pbs is
selected OFF, the respective
engine driven pump is
deactivated.
Continue for a demonstration.
Notice the PTU activates

automatically to pressurize the
green system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The PTU pb is normally in the

AUTO (lights out) position.
This allows the PTU to
activate automatically if
necessary.
Selecting the PTU pb OFF
deactivates the PTU. This is
done in certain abnormal
situations.
Let's select the PTU OFF.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The guarded BLUE ELEC

PUMP pb is normally in the
AUTO (lights out) position.
This allows for automatic
activation of the blue system’s
primary pressure source.
If AC power is available, the
pump activates automatically
after first engine start.
If the pb is selected OFF, the
blue electric pump is
deactivated.
Let's select the BLUE ELEC
PUMP pb OFF.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The yellow ELEC PUMP pb is

normally off (lights out).
With the pb off, the yellow
electric pump activates
automatically when a ground
worker operates the cargo
door (if AC power is available).
If the pb is selected ON, the
yellow electric pump activates
(if AC power is available).
Either way AC power must be
available for the yellow electric
pump to function.
Let's push the YELLOW ELEC
PUMP pb.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
We now move on to discuss

the FAULT lights in the pump
and PTU pbs.
The FAULT lights illuminate if
the respective pump
malfunctions and is not
providing proper pressure.
This is the classic example of
the Airbus FAULT light
philosophy.
The FAULT light illuminates to
assist in locating the correct
pb when performing ECAM
action steps.
Let's select the ENG 1 PUMP
OFF and observe the FAULT
light extinguish.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
If a pump (or PTU) pb is

selected OFF:
-The white OFF light
Illuminates.
- The respective item is
deactivated.
- The FAULT light extinguishes.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The pump and PTU pb FAULT

lights also illuminate if the
pumps or PTU are working
fine but other system
problems require that all
system pressure sources be
deactivated.
These problems include:
- System reservoir overheat
- System reservoir low air
pressure
- System low fluid level
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, low air

pressure in the green reservoir
requires that all green system
pressure sources be
deactivated.
Therefore, even though they
have not malfunctioned,
FAULT lights in the ENG 1
PUMP and PTU pbs
illuminate.
Let's select these pbs OFF
and observe the FAULT lights
extinguish.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
A reservoir overheat situation

is a significant exception.
During a reservoir overheat
the FAULT lights remain
illuminated, even with the pbs
selected OFF, until the
overheat condition no longer
exists.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Finally, we discuss the RAT.

The primary purpose of the
RAT is to pressurize the blue
system.
The RAT MAN ON pb is used
to extend the RAT for hydraulic
purposes only.
Hydraulic pressure provided by
the RAT can also be used to
drive an emergency generator.
The RAT extends automatically
inflight if AC BUS 1 and
AC BUS 2 are lost.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The purpose of the RAT MAN

ON pb panel is to manually
extend the RAT to pressurize
the blue system without
activating the emergency
generator.
This is only required if the blue
electric pump is lost and one
of the other hydraulic systems
has also failed.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, the green

system has been shut down
due to a reservoir overheat
and the blue electric pump has
also failed.
The ECAM has directed that
the RAT be extended to
pressurize the blue system.
Using the RAT MAN ON pb on
the HYD panel, extends the
RAT to pressurize the blue
system. The emergency
generator will not be activated.
Let's lift the guard and push
the RAT MAN ON pb to deploy
the RAT for hydraulic
purposes only.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The RAT can be extended one of

three ways:
1. Automatically due to a loss of
AC BUS 1 and 2:
• The RAT provides blue hydraulic
pressure AND
• The hydraulically driven
emergency generator activates
automatically.
2. Pushing the RAT MAN ON pb

on the HYD panel:
• The RAT only provides blue
hydraulic pressure.
3. Pushing the MAN ON pb on

the EMER ELEC PWR panel:
• The RAT provides blue hydraulic
pressure AND
• The hydraulically driven
emergency generator activates.
That concludes the CONTROLS

& INDICATORS section.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this section we will discuss

the crews interaction with the
hydraulic system during
normal operations.
Because the hydraulic system
is fully automatic in normal
operation, most of your
interaction with the system will
occur during your preflight
preparations.
We’ll begin our discussion with
the HYD panel.
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SECTION - NORMAL OPERATION MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The normal configuration of

the HYD panel during initial
cockpit preparation is lights
out.
Occasionally, on the first flight

of the day, you may see all of
the FAULT lights illuminated in
the pump and PTU pbs during
the early stages of the
preflight.
This is because the pneumatic
“head pressure” on the
reservoirs has bled off over
time.
When APU bleed or another
air source supplies the
pneumatic system, the FAULT
lights should extinguish.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Continuing with the preflight,

the crew will verify the fluid
levels of all three hydraulic
systems using the HYD page.
This should be accomplished
when the hydraulic systems
are static and not in use.
Let's push the HYD key on the
ECAM control panel.
Since neither engine is

running, all three systems
show zero pressure. The fluid
level should within the normal
fill range (green “box”).
From the previous section you
should be able to identify that
the yellow system quantity is
below the normal fill range.
Unless the yellow system is
currently operating the cargo
doors, you should contact
maintenance for assistance.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The yellow system has now

been serviced and we are
ready to start engines.
The ENG page would normally
be displayed during engine
start. For training purposes
we have displayed the HYD
page to see the hydraulic
indications.
Advance to start engine 2.
Engine 2 (right engine) is

running.
Notice the normal operation of
the yellow system. Also notice
that the blue system electric
pump activates automatically
after the first engine is started.
The PTU is inhibited at this
point, even though there is
more than a 500 psi difference
between the green and yellow
systems, it is not operating.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You are probably wondering

how the PTU is inhibited
during engine start?
What a great question.
On the ground, the PTU is Nosewheel steering
inhibited if the master disconnected by
switches are split (one OFF ground crew On the PTU
and one ON) and either the ground
OR
nosewheel steering is
disconnected or the parking
inhibited
Split master switches
brake is ON.
In other words, the system
knows that you are starting or
shutting down engines and the
aircraft is being towed or is Parking brake ON
stopped.
In that case the green system,
and thus the PTU, are not
required.
The PTU is also inhibited for
40 seconds after the cargo
For 40
seconds after PTU
cargo door
door is operated. More on this
later in the lesson. door operation inhibited
Advance to start engine 1 and
view the HYD page.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The moment you commence

the second engine start
(engine 1), the PTU is no
longer inhibited.
Sensing a pressure differential
of more than 500 psi between
the green and yellow systems
the PTU automatically
activates.
This sequence ensures that
the PTU is tested prior to each
flight.
An ECAM message is
displayed if the PTU fails to
operate during its self test.
Advance to complete the
engine 1 start.
With engine 1 running, the

PTU deactivates and all three
systems operate normally.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Remember that the PTU is

inhibited for 40 seconds after
operation of any cargo door is
complete.
This ensures that when the
yellow electric pump activates
for cargo door operation, there
is no chance that the PTU can
pressurize the green system,
which would be a safety issue
for ground personnel.
If a second engine start is

attempted shortly after a cargo
door is closed, a PTU FAULT
may occur.
This is because the PTU is
inhibited and results in an
unsatisfactory self test.
The PTU FAULT requires
accomplishing a reset in
accordance with procedure.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Because the hydraulic system

is highly automated, you
should really have no reason
to interact with the system for
the remainder of your flight,
unless a hydraulic abnormal
occurs.
We will now move on to the
ABNORMAL OPERATION
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
This section presents a

sample of abnormals that
could be encountered with the
hydraulic system.
You are inflight. Everything is
normal and then this
happens….
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SECTION - ABNORMAL OPERATION MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The green system engine

driven pump is producing low
pressure. Notice that with a
500 psi differential sensed, the
PTU automatically activates to
pressurize the green system.
Let's push the MASTER
CAUT light to extinguish both
of them.
Now let's accomplish the

ECAM action step by pushing
the GREEN ENG 1 PUMP pb.
Notice the FAULT light assists
you in finding it.
The green system engine

driven pump is now depicted
as OFF on the HYD page and
the action step is no longer
displayed.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Now let's push either CLR key

on the ECAM control panel to
clear the message from the
E/WD.
This clears the message and

also displays the STATUS
page. The STATUS page
displays the green system
engine driven pump as the
only inoperative system.
You would now clear the
status page and then consult
the FCOM for follow-up
information.
We will end this scenario at
this point.
A failure of the yellow system
engine driven pump would
have a similar outcome.
A failure of the blue system
electric pump has more
significant consequences, as
you are about to see.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
A blue electric pump overheat

has been detected. We have
extinguished the MASTER
CAUT lights for you.
Let's accomplish the ECAM
action step by pushing the
BLUE ELEC PUMP pb (after
lifting the guard).
This action shuts down the

blue system.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Notice that the action step is

removed and has been
replaced by a boxed primary
failure message indicating the
loss of the blue system.
The box indicates that the Boxed
primary failure effects Primary Secondary
secondary systems. Failure(s) Failure
The effected secondary Messages
system is displayed on the
right side of the E/WD.
In this example, the flight
controls system is effected by
the blue system failure.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Push either CLR key to clear

the message.
The failure message is
removed from the E/WD and
the F/CTL page is displayed to
show the impact of the loss of
the blue system on the flight
controls.
Because of the redundant
design of the flight controls
system, only spoiler pair 3 is
rendered inoperative.
Although the blue jacks are
lost for the ailerons, elevators,
and rudder, these flight control
surfaces remain operational,
powered by other hydraulic
systems.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Push on either CLR key to

clear the F/CTL page and
display the STATUS page.
The STATUS page lists the
items lost due to the loss of
the blue system.
It also provides approach
procedures and indicates that
the slats extend slowly (now
powered by only one hydraulic
system).
It will also be necessary to
apply a landing distance
multiplier because two spoiler
panels are inoperative.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The FAULT light in the BLUE

ELEC PUMP pb is still
illuminated.
The STATUS page indicates
that IF BLUE OVHT OUT the
BLUE ELEC PUMP pb may be
returned to AUTO.
The overheat condition can be
monitored using the FAULT
light.
If the FAULT light extinguishes,
the overheat condition no
longer exist.
Clear the status page then
consult the FCOM for follow-up
information.
We will end this scenario at
this point.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
As mentioned earlier, there

are three types of reservoir
problems: low fluid level, low
air pressure, and overheat.
In all three types, the eventual
result is shutting down the
system with the problem.
A low air pressure situation
was briefly described earlier in
this lesson.
Next, we will discuss a green
reservoir low level.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The green reservoir has a low

fluid level.
We have extinguished the
MASTER CAUT lights for you.
The PTU has activated to
pressurize the green system.
However, the ECAM requires
that the green system
pressure sources be
deactivated, including the
PTU.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Let's push the PTU pb on the

HYD panel to accomplish the
first ECAM action step.
The PTU has been shut down,
the FAULT light extinguished
in the PTU pb, and green
system pressure has dropped
to zero.
Let's push the ENG 1 PUMP
pb on the HYD panel to
accomplish the next ECAM
action step.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The pump is now shut off and

the loss the of green system is
now reflected as a boxed
primary failure on the E/WD.
Secondary failure messages
indicating that the flight Boxed
controls and landing grear Primary
(WHEEL) are also impacted Secondary
Failure(s) Failure
by the primary failure.
Messages
With all action steps complete,
we will push either CLR key to
clear the message and view
the F/CTL page.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You can see on the F/CTL

page that two sets of spoilers
are lost.
Because of system
redundancy, all other flight
control surfaces remain
operational.
Let’s push a CLR key to view
the WHEEL page.
Here you see that the

autobrakes are inoperative.
More on that in the Landing
Gear & Brakes lesson.
Let’s push a CLR key again to
view the STATUS page.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Here you see an extensive list

of various items that are no
longer operational because of
the loss of the green system.
You also see approach
procedures associated with
this failure.
They include the fact that you
will be required to gravity
extend the landing gear.
Since both slats and flaps use
green system pressure, and
pressure from another
hydraulic system to operate,
they will both extend at
approximately half their
normal speed.
Let’s clear the STATUS page.
You would refer to the FCOM
for additional information.
We will terminate this scenario
at this point.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Dual hydraulic system failures

are extremely rare and subject
to many variables which make
a complete demonstration of
such an abnormal impractical
during this presentation.
What follows is a single
example of a dual failure
showing the initial warnings,
indications, and systems
effected.
Here we return to a previous
scenario where the green was
shut down because of low fluid
level.
Continue to see what happens
if a second system fails.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
A low fluid level has now been

detected in the yellow system.
You are alerted to this dual
hydraulic system failure by
flashing MASTER WARN
lights and a continuous
repetitive chime.
We have already cancelled
both of them for you.
Let's accomplish the first
ECAM action step by pushing
the YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP
pb on the HYD panel.
This is as far as we will go

with the procedures.
Let's take a closer look at the

failure message on the E/WD.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The serious implications of a

dual hydraulic system failure
are indicated by a red boxed
primary failure message and a
red LAND ASAP memo on the
right side of the E/WD.
This abnormal has a
significant impact on the flight
controls system as indicated
by the remaining failure
messages and action steps.
You also see that the F/CTL
and WHEEL systems pages
will be viewed as you clear
through this abnormal.
Let's now take a look at what
the STATUS page will look like
when you clear to it.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
A whole laundry list of

inoperative components are
displayed on the right side.
Some of the more significant
items include both reversers,
the flaps, both autopilots,
antiskid, nosewheel steering,
and the ability to extend and
retract the landing gear
normally.
All of this has a significant
impact on the approach
including:
• Landing FLAPS 3
• Increasing the approach
speed
• Applying a significant landing
distance multiplier
• Flying the aircraft in direct
law when the gear is gravity
extended
• Braking the aircraft using the
alternate system supplied by a
special brake accumulator.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Here is what the STATUS

page will look like with a blue
and yellow system failure.
Of special note is the
requirement to gravity extend
the landing gear.
Even though the green system
is still working, the ECAM
directs you to gravity extend FLAPS
the gear to avoid putting a
heavy load on the single
remaining hydraulic system.
Remember, you must have at
least one functioning hydraulic
system to control the aircraft.
This completes the
ABNORMAL OPERATION
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Let's take a look at some of

the hydraulic system
differences.
EXIT TO
SECTION - DIFFERENCES MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The ECAM pages are virtually

identical on all aircraft. There
are only minor differences in CRT Style LCD Style
the location of items. Hydraulic Page Hydraulic Page
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
However, there is one big

difference.
On all A319s and some
A321s, the nosewheel
steering (NWS) is powered by
the yellow hydraulic system.
On some A321s the
nosewheel steering is
powered by the green
hydraulic system.
Nosewheel steering is covered
in the Landing Gear & Brakes
lesson.
This concludes the
DIFFERENCES section.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
EXIT TO
SECTION - QUIZ MAIN MENU
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Engine 2 is running but the PTU is

not pressurizing the green hydraulic
system. Why not?
The PTU has been selected OFF.
The PTU can only pressurize the blue

system.
The PTU is being inhibited.
The PTU can only pressurize the

yellow system.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Engine 2 is running but the PTU is

not pressurizing the green hydraulic
system. Why not?
The PTU has been selected OFF.
The PTU can only pressurize the blue

system.
The PTU is being inhibited.
The PTU can only pressurize the

yellow system.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You get a HYD G RSVR OVHT

message. Why does the ECAM
procedure ask you to select the PTU
OFF first?
To prevent the hot hydraulic

fluid from being transferred to the
yellow system.
To depressurize the yellow

and green systems.
To prevent the blue system

from pressurizing the green system.
To stop the PTU from pressurizing the

green system after you select the
ENG1 pump off.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You get a HYD G RSVR OVHT

message. Why does the ECAM
procedure ask you to select the PTU
OFF first?
To prevent the hot hydraulic

fluid from being transferred to the
yellow system.
To depressurize the yellow

and green systems.
To prevent the blue system

from pressurizing the green system.
To stop the PTU from pressurizing the

green system after you select the
ENG1 pump off.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
We have done the procedure for you,

this is how the ECAM will look. Why
is the green system label in amber?
The ENG 1 pump has been switched off.
The PTU has been switched off.
Green system hydraulics has low

pressure.
The green system is still overheated.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
We have done the procedure for you,

this is how the ECAM will look. Why
is the green system label in amber?
The ENG 1 pump has been switched off.
The PTU has been switched off.
Green system hydraulics has low

pressure.
The green system is still overheated.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
How is the RAT deployed to power

the BLUE system ?
Automatically by the BLUE hydraulic

system.
By pushing the BLUE ELEC PUMP pb.
By lifting the cover and pressing the

RAT MAN ON pb.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
How is the RAT deployed to power

the BLUE system ?
Automatically by the BLUE hydraulic

system.
By pushing the BLUE ELEC PUMP pb.
By lifting the cover and pressing the

RAT MAN ON pb.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Which is the correct indication

that the RAT is powering the
BLUE system?
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Which is the correct indication

that the RAT is powering the
BLUE system?
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
What is the normal pressure in the

hydraulic system?
500 psi.
??? ??? ???
1000 psi.
3000 psi.
2000 psi.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
What is the normal pressure in the

hydraulic system?
500 psi.
??? ??? ???
1000 psi.
3000 psi.
2000 psi.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
During start up, when is the BLUE

hydraulic system pressurized?
As soon as the PTU is turned on.
As soon as the BLUE electric pump

is manually turned on.
Automatically after first engine start.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
During start up, when is the BLUE

hydraulic system pressurized?
As soon as the PTU is turned on.
As soon as the BLUE electric pump

is manually turned on.
Automatically after first engine start.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
What does the amber PTU indication

mean?
The PTU is switched OFF.
The PTU is supplying the GREEN system.
The PTU is supplying the BLUE system.
The PTU has overheated during flight.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
What does the amber PTU indication

mean?
The PTU is switched OFF.
The PTU is supplying the GREEN system.
The PTU is supplying the BLUE system.
The PTU has overheated during flight.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
On the hydraulic quantity indicator,

what does the amber level indicate?
The warning level.
The reservoir contents.
The normal filling range.
The temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
On the hydraulic quantity indicator,

what does the amber level indicate?
The warning level.
The reservoir contents.
The normal filling range.
The temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
With reference to the PTU, which

statement is correct?
The PTU is bi-directional. It can

transfer pressure between the
YELLOW and GREEN systems.
The YELLOW system can supply the

BLUE and GREEN systems.
The PTU ONLY allows the YELLOW

system to pressurize the GREEN
system.
The PTU must be manually selected on

for it to work.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
With reference to the PTU, which

statement is correct?
The PTU is bi-directional. It can

transfer pressure between the
YELLOW and GREEN systems.
The YELLOW system can supply the

BLUE and GREEN systems.
The PTU ONLY allows the YELLOW

system to pressurize the GREEN
system.
The PTU must be manually selected on

for it to work.
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
After take off, you raise the landing

gear. What will the GREEN hydraulic
fluid level most likely look like?
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
After take off, you raise the landing

gear. What will the GREEN hydraulic
fluid level most likely look like?
EXIT TO
HYDRAULICS OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You have completed the

Hydraulics lesson.
Click here to
exit to the main menu.
EXIT TO

Hydraulics A320

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CONTROLS & NORMAL ABNORMAL

Welcome to this presentation

The aircraft has three

These systems function at a

-- engine driven pumps,

-- a Ram Air Turbine (RAT),

-- and a Power Transfer Unit

Each hydraulic system

GREEN SYSTEM USERS

Let's first take a look at the

The primary pressure source

GREEN SYSTEM USERS

The green system includes an

GREEN SYSTEM USERS

A backup source of pressure

GREEN SYSTEM USERS YELLOW SYSTEM USERS

An additional backup source

The electric pump is also used

GREEN SYSTEM USERS YELLOW SYSTEM USERS

The yellow system hand pump

Cargo door selector

GREEN SYSTEM USERS BLUE SYSTEM USERS YELLOW SYSTEM USERS

A pump driven by a Ram Air

The green, blue, and yellow

Even more helpful, the

The HYD page displays the

We will now examine

The right facing “>” indicates

The indicator is displayed in

LO AIR PRESS is displayed in

OVHT is displayed in amber,

The fire valves in the green

One additional point about the

In reality, that is NOT true.

Notice that the yellow system

If the pump is selected OFF,

When the pb is in its normal

Notice how the PTU is

Let's look at some other

The PTU is pressurizing the

In this example, the PTU is

The PTU is pressurizing the

In this example, the PTU pb is

The PTU pb is in AUTO and the

The PTU is displayed in

Moving on to the electric

ELEC is displayed in amber if

An amber OVHT is displayed

Because of its role as a

In this example, the yellow

In this example, the yellow

Next, we move on to the

In this example, the RAT is in

In this example, the RAT is

If the RAT is not available or

Finally, we come to the

If hydraulic system pressure

The HYD panel is located on

The two engine driven pump

Notice the PTU activates

The PTU pb is normally in the

The guarded BLUE ELEC